Anatase Phase TiO2 Nanoparticles Research Articles

Novel microbial synthesis of titania nanoparticles using probiotic Bacillus coagulans and its role in enhancing the microhardness of glass ionomer restorative materials.

Dental caries is a commonly occurring non-communicable disease throughout the world that might compromise the quality of any individual's life. Glass ionomer cements (GIC) are the most acceptable restorative materials due to their ease of manipulation, minimal tooth loss and least invasive strategy; however, they lack mechanical stability that has become a point of concern. Nanoparticles (NPs) are an outstanding option for modifying and enhancing the properties of dental materials. The focus of this study was to prepare novel, biocompatible titania dioxide (TiO2) NPs as a dental-restorative material using an efficient probiotic Bacillus coagulans. The prepared NPs were incorporated into glass ionomer restorative material at varying concentrations and investigated for cell viability percentage, microhardness and surface morphology. Results indicated that pure 100% anatase phase TiO2 NPs with particle size of 21.84nm arranged in smooth, spherical agglomerates and clusters forms. These NPs depicted cell viability > 90%, thus confirming their non-cytotoxic behavior. GIC restorative materials reinforced by 5% titania (TiO2) NPs demonstrated the highest microhardness in comparison to the control group and other experimental groups of the study. Surface morphology analysis revealed a reduction in cracks in this novel dental-restorative material supporting its compatible biological nature with better hardness strength and negligible crack propagation. Overall, these results indicated that TiO2 NPs produced using a biological approach could be easily used as restorative materials in dental applications.

Surface oxidized Ti3C2 MXene: Lead-free Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskite solar cell efficiency enhanced by interfacial engineering

In this study, thermal oxidation method is followed to prepare surface oxidized titanium carbide (TiO2-Ti3C2) nanomaterial. Here, the formation of anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles over the surfaces of Ti3C2 MXene is confirmed by UV–Vis, FT-IR, XRD and FE-SEM and HR-TEM studies. The TiO2-Ti3C2 MXene acts an interfacial layer in double perovskite solar cell that exhibits high open circuit voltage (Voc of 1.01 V), short circuit current density (Jsc of 2.64 mA/cm−2), fill factor (FF of 0.55) and power conversion efficiency (PCE of 1.35%) under ambient conditions. Hence, we suggest that this surface modified material will be useful for double perovskite photovoltaics applications.

Pulicaria undulata Extract-Mediated Eco-Friendly Preparation of TiO2 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange.

Eco-friendly approaches for the preparation of nanomaterials have recently attracted considerable attention of scientific community due to rising environmental distresses. The aim of the current study is to prepare titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) using an eco-friendly approach and investigate their performance for the photocatalytic degradation of hazardous organic dyes. For this, TiO2 NPs were prepared by using the aqueous extract of the Pulicaria undulata (L.) plant in a single step at room temperature. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy established the presence of both titanium and oxygen in the sample. X-ray diffraction revealed the formation of crystalline, anatase-phase TiO2 NPs. On the other hand, transmission election microscopy confirmed the formation of spherical shaped NPs. The presence of residual phytomolecules as capping/stabilization agents is confirmed by UV–vis analysis and Fourier-transform Infrared spectroscopy. Indeed, in the presence of P. undulata, the anatase phase of TiO2 is stabilized at a significantly lower temperature (100 °C) without using any external stabilizing agent. The green synthesized TiO2 NPs were used to investigate their potential for the photocatalytic degradation of hazardous organic dyes including methylene blue and methyl orange under UV–visible light irradiation. Due to the small size and high dispersion of NPs, almost complete degradation (∼95%) was achieved in a short period of time (between 1 and 2 h). No significant difference in the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 NPs was observed even after repeated use (three times) of the photocatalyst. Overall, the green synthesized TiO2 NPs exhibited considerable potential for fast and eco-friendly removal of harmful organic dyes.

Investigation of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by sol–gel technique

Anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by sol–gel method using titanium(IV) butoxide as a starting material. The pH of solution was maintained by adding HNO3 and NaOH. The obtained powder was heat-treated at 350 °C for 2 h. The XRD study shows that the crystalline size and crystallinity of samples increase with pH of solution. Raman spectra confirm the dominance of anatase phase of TiO2. Morphology study of samples was done by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The size of prepared samples was calculated by XRD and confirmed by TEM analysis. The energy bandgap was calculated by optical absorption spectra and it was found to decrease by increasing pH of the solution. The photodegradation activity of Indigo Carmine (IC) dye under visible light irradiation was carried out by synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles. The removal of Indigo Carmine dye and degree of mineralization after photodegradation were studied using HPLC and TOC analysis respectively.

Photocatalysis of dichlorvos using graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposite under visible irradiation: process optimization using response surface methodology

Graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposite (GOT) was used for degradation and mineralization of dichlorvos, an organophosphorus pesticide, from aqueous solution under visible irradiation. The nanocomposite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV-DRS, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles (10–20 nm in diameter) were present in the nanocomposite. The nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on reduced GO sheets. A three-factor face-centered central composite design with response surface methodology was used for modeling and optimization of various variables that may potentially affect photodegradation, i.e. pH, catalyst loading, and initial dichlorvos concentration. A quadratic model was built to predict degradation, mineralization efficiency, and reaction rate constant. The experimental and predicted values depicted a good correlation and the utility of the models was confirmed by the high F-values observed for the degradation and mineralization models. High coefficient of determination (R 2) was obtained for the degradation (R 2 = 0.95) and mineralization (R 2 = 0.93) models. Pareto analysis was carried out to determine the effect of each variable on photocatalytic degradation and mineralization. The predicted results suggested that the optimum conditions for obtaining maximum degradation (69%) and mineralization (64%) were: initial dichlorvos concentration of 0.5 mg l−1 with a catalyst dose of 110 mg l−1 at pH 6.5. The main effect plots also suggested a significant influence of the variables used in the photocatalysis of dichlorvos by GOT.

Green synthesis of spherical TiO2 nanoparticles using Citrus Limetta extract: Excellent photocatalytic water decontamination agent for RhB dye

In this research work, TiO2 nanoparticles has been prepared by eco-friendly green synthesis technique using Citrus Limetta extract which is rarely used. The citric acid present within the extract acted as reducing and capping agent for nanoparticles resulting pure TiO2 nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–vis spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) analysis. The synthesized nanoparticles are approximately 80–100 nm in size, spherical in shape and distribution of the nanoparticles was almost uniform all over the sample. The calculated band gap of nanoparticles was 3.22 eV which confirmed the formation of anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles. The enhanced photocatalytic activity with respect to time and catalyst concentration was examined for RhB acting as a model dye which is better than many reported results. Almost 90% dye was degraded within 80 min which shows its excellent photocatalytic efficiency.

De-Emulsification and Gravity Separation of Micro-Emulsion Produced with Enhanced Oil Recovery Chemicals Flooding

The present study investigates the effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on the stability of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)-produced stable emulsion. The chemical precipitation method is used to synthesize TiO2 nanoparticles, and their properties were determined using various analytical characterization techniques such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The effect of TiO2 nanoparticles is evaluated by measuring oil/water (o/w) separation, rag layer formation, oil droplet size, and zeta potential of the residual EOR produced emulsion. The laser scattering technique is used to determine the o/w separation. The results showed that spherical-shaped anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles were produced with an average particle size of 122 nm. The TiO2 nanoparticles had a positive effect on o/w separation and the clarity of the separated water. The separated aqueous phases’ clarity is 75% and 45% with and without TiO2 nanoparticles, respectively. Laser scattering analysis revealed enhanced light transmission in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles, suggesting higher o/w separation of the ASP-produced emulsion. The overall increase in the o/w separation was recorded to be 19% in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles, indicating a decrease in the stability of ASP-produced emulsion. This decrease in the stability can be attributed to the improved coalescence’ action between the adjacent oil droplets and improved behavior of o/w interfacial film. An observable difference was found between the oil droplet size before and after the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles, where the oil droplet size increased from 3 µm to 35 µm. A similar trend of zeta potential is also noticed in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles. Zeta potential was −13 mV to −7 mV, which is in the unstable emulsion range. Overall, the o/w separation is enhanced by introducing TiO2 nanoparticles into ASP-produced stable emulsion.

Photocatalytic activity of N, Fe and Cu co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles under sunlight

Photocatalytic activity of N doped with one transition metal is well known. This article reports the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles doped with only N, N co-doped with Fe, N co-doped with Cu and N co-doped with both Fe and Cu by sol-gel method. Their photocatalytic activity was evaluated for the degradation of methylene blue under sunlight. Nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and diffuse reflectance UV–visible spectroscopy (DRS). XRD analysis revealed the presence of anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles which was confirmed by Raman spectroscopic and TEM analysis. The crystal structure has not been disturbed by doping with N, Fe and Cu as shown by both XRD and Raman analysis. TEM and SEM images exhibit the nanoparticles which are interconnected due to sintering. XPS analysis revealed the presence of the only Ti4+ in undoped TiO2 but both Ti4+ and Ti3+ are present in doped TiO2 nanoparticles. According to the DRS analysis, the band gap of all doped TiO2 is lower than that of the undoped TiO2, where N, Fe and Cu co-doped TiO2 showed the lowest band gap (2.51 ​eV) proving that the visible light sensitivity of TiO2 increase with metal and non-metal doping. The rate of photodegradation of methylene blue in the presence of undoped TiO2 (0.016 min−1) is higher than all the doped TiO2 nanoparticles. N doped TiO2 show the highest activity among the doped TiO2 nanoparticles (0.006 min−1). Doped TiO2 nanoparticles showed a lower photocatalytic activity due to the electron hole pair recombination and the shielding effect of the dopants.

Biomedical application of single anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles with addition of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) fruit peel extract

Metal oxide nanoparticles are considered to be an important material due to their good mechanical stability, unique structure and catalytic properties. The hydrothermal method was followed along with rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) fruit peel extract mixed with metal ions to prepare titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanorods. Though there are numerous similar works published in past decades, in comparison with those works, the novelty of this work is using rambutan fruit peel as a precipitation agent. The advantages of using such natural agents are that they are eco-friendly and economically feasible. The prepared TiO2 nanorods were co-cultured with human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and their cytotoxicity was evaluated. The morphology of the nanorods was analyzed through transmission electron microscopy. The average diameter of the TiO2 nanorods was found to be 70–90 nm. The anatase phase of the tetragonal structure was confirmed through X-ray diffraction analysis. The studies of the vibrational Raman active modes and optical properties confirmed the presence of TiO2. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy binding energy of Ti2p3/2 determined as 460 eV and that of O1s determined as 532 eV confirmed the presence of TiO2. Cytotoxicity was analyzed using MDA-MB-231 and cell death was observed at 73.65 µg/ml.

A remarkable improvement in photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles through samarium doping synthesized by hydrothermal technique for water treatment

The aim of the present work is to investigate the influence of Samarium ions doping in the TiO2 host lattice and the contribution to the optical properties of this semiconductor. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows the formation of anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles of average sizes 7.8 nm, 7.21 nm and 6.1 nm for both pure and 1 wt% and 4 wt% of Sm3+ doped samples respectivity. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy confirms the presence of Sm ions within the Sm substituted TiO2 nanoparticles. These results suggest that, Pure and doped TiO2 samples confirm anatase phase of good crystallinity with smaller crystallite size. UV–visible spectra display stronger absorption in the visible region. The photocatalytic experiments are investigated by the removal of rhodamine B under UV light. Compared to the other two photocatalysts, the results shows that 4 wt% of Sm3+ doped TiO2 exposes the highest photocatalytic performance.

Facile synthesis of improved anatase TiO2 nanoparticles for enhanced solar-light driven photocatalyst

Herein, we have reported a new Photon Induced Method (PIM) to the synthesis of enhanced temperature stable anatase phased TiO2 nanoparticles. These TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited an anatase phase even after calcinating at 800 °C for average crystallite size is 9 nm with a bandgap is 2.98 eV, stretching into the visible light region are identified from DRS, and photoluminescence spectroscopic studies. Whereas, the standard and others reported TiO2 has existed a 100% rutile phase at this same temperature. The reversibly improved TiO2 has attained from the PIM method by tuning of oxygen vacancy during the preparation condition. The enhanced methylene blue dye under in the solar-light 100% degradation within 10 min is a very novel report, not reported elsewhere. The obtained pure anatase TiO2 with high chemical reactivity has a great potential for antibacterial, cancer cells kill, photocatalysis and solar energy conversion applications under solar-light irradiation.

Investigation of the morphology based properties of multidimensional titanate nanostructures for application as proficient photo anodes

We present a detailed examination on the microstructural, structural, optical and electrical properties of one dimensional (1D) and three dimensional (3D) titania nanostructures in comparison with zero dimensional (0D) titania nanoparticles. Material characterization by X-ray Diffraction technique confirms the formation of anatase phased TiO2 nanoparticles and rutile phased nanorods and nanoflowers. Morphological investigations were done with Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy. Optical properties of the samples were studied using UV-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy and their optical band gap energies were calculated using Kubelka-Monk method. Although the 1D nanorods possess faster electron transport than the nanoparticle structure, their low surface area has detained that morphology to absorb more incident radiation. However, the 3D nanoflower morphology coupled with excellent light scattering capability and enhanced optical absorption resulted in a 7 fold increase in dark and 26 fold increase in photocurrents compared to nanorod and nanoparticles. Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) are developed using Safranine O dye and their I-V characteristics were examined. Improved performance of DSSC is observed in the case 3D nanoflower structures delivering efficiency of about 3.56 %. The findings of this work essentially suggest that the optical transport properties of the photoanode materials and therefore cell performances are significantly influenced by their respective morphologies.

Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation Using Gold Catalysts Derived from Au8 Clusters on TiO2

Atomically-precise gold clusters have gained attraction in catalysis due to high fraction of low-coordinated gold atoms, unique structural geometry and ligand effect. Phosphine-ligated gold clusters offer an advantage in the light of the labile gold-phosphorous bond for easy ligand removal. Here, heterogeneous gold catalysts were prepared by depositing atomically-precise phosphine-ligated gold clusters, Au8(PPh3)8(NO3)2 onto anatase-phase TiO2 nanoparticles. The catalysts were then calcined under two different conditions: O2 (Au8/TiO2:O2) and O2 followed by H2 (Au8/TiO2:O2–H2) at 200 °C, to dislodge phosphine ligands from the Au core. It was found that Au8/TiO2:O2–H2 catalyst showed a decent catalytic activity in benzyl alcohol oxidation while Au8/TiO2 and Au8/TiO2:O2 were completely inactive. Such results imply that small-size gold clusters (2–3 nm) alone do not always contribute to high catalytic activity of gold catalysts. It is suggested that the presence of NO3− species defines the catalytic activity of supported gold clusters in benzyl alcohol oxidation in the case of these catalysts and reinforces our initial claim in the previous work.

Preparation of TiO2 nanoparticles by hydrolysis of TiCl4 using water and glycerol solvent system

The anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by precipitation method using TCl4 as a precursor in a new reaction medium containing water and glycerol. The as-synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-Visible spectroscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The Raman spectra indicate the formation of crystalline anatase phase TiO2 NPs after calcination at 300 and 4000C. TiO2 NPs formation was confirmed by observing the major characteristic, FT-IR vibration bands of Ti-O network. The band gap calculated from UV-Vis DRS spectra ranged from 3.02-3.28 eV. FESEM images exhibit spherical shape TiO2 NPs in the form of nano-clusters with crystallite sizes ranged from 9.5026.14 nm. FESEM images show that as the calcination temperature increases, the sizes of the TiO2 NPs also increase. The inclusion of glycerol promotes the formation of smaller particles and lowers the band gap of TiO2 NPs.

Synthesis and photocatalytic activity assessing of the TiO2 nanocomposites modified by some lanthanide ions and tin-derivative sandwich-type polyoxometalates

New nanocomposites containing sandwich-type polyoxometalate of [(PW9O34)2(HOSnIVOH)3]12− (P2W18Sn3) loaded onto Ln-doped TiO2 (Nd, Sm, Dy, Tb) nanoparticles were synthesized and their catalytic activities were assessed. The Ln–TiO2 nanoparticles and Ln–TiO2/P2W18Sn3 nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive analysis of X-rays spectra and diffuse reflectance spectra. The photocatalytic efficiency of the Ln–TiO2 and Ln–TiO2/P2W18Sn3 were examined in the photodegradation of methyl orange and methylene blue solutions. It was revealed through different characterization techniques that the P2W18Sn3 was successfully loaded on the lanthanide-doped anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles and the particles diameter were relatively 20–30 nanometers. It was revealed that doping by the lanthanide ions followed by loading of polyoxometalates improves the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 effectively. The effects of operational parameters and the kinetics of photocatalytic degradation under UV light were discussed. The prepared nanocomposites were stable and could be easily separated from the reaction system.

Aero-gel assisted synthesis of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles for humidity sensing application.

Aero-gel based one-pot synthesis of anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles having a high surface area of 125 m2 g-1 has been reported in this work. The humidity sensing perfomance of the obtained porous TiO2 nanoparticles exhibits a quick response (2 s) and fast recovery (1.5 s), negligible hysteresis (<1%) and good stability in the 11-98%RH range. The relationship between %RH and resistance was found to be linear while the sensitivity increases with increase in %RH.

Next generation of pure titania nanoparticles for enhanced solar-light photocatalytic activity

TiO2 nanoparticles are renowned for its photocatalytic degradation. Herein, Oxygen-rich TiO2 nanosphere and TiO2 nanorods have been prepared by photon induced method (PIM). This facial preparation method is cost effective and produce pure anatase phased TiO2 nanoparticles with high stability. The morphology of the prepared TiO2 samples for various preparation times have been analyzed using HRTEM and HRSEM. As the preparation time is increased, a morphological transformation from nanorods to nanospheres is witnessed. The possible reason behind this transformation has also been discussed. The nature of the samples have been investigated using XRD, FTIR, PL, XPS and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The PIM prepared sample for 8 days show pure anatase phase stability even at a higher calcination temperature of 800 °C. This is correlated with the oxygen richness of the sample. A clear discussion regarding this enhanced phase stability is also presented here. Also, the photocatalytic activity of both the samples have been investigated through the degradation of methylene blue dye. The degradation of methylene blue under sunlight by pure TiO2 nanosphere is quicker when compared with TiO2 nanorods and Degussa P25. The reason for the enhanced photodegradation activity of pure TiO2 nanospheres has also been discussed in detail.

Ionic liquid assisted hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles: photocatalytic and antibacterial activity

In this work, anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized at 130°C for 2 days via ionic liquid-assisted hydrothermal method. The obtained products were characterized using various analytical techniques. X-ray diffraction data reveals that sample has anatase TiO2 nanoparticles. FTIR spectrum shows that the presence of ionic liquid and indicates Ti-O-Ti peak at around 456nm and the bands at 1410 and 1581cm−1 indicates C–H in-plane vibrations and stretching of imidazolium ring. UV–Vis spectrum shows maximum band at 272nm due to TiO2 nanoparticles. SEM images show the TiO2 nanoparticles are almost spherical in shape. TEM images reveal that the average diameters of TiO2 nanoparticles are in the range of 35nm. TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue organic dye. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of TiO2 nanoparticles were investigated against four bacterial strains using the agar well diffusion method.

Photocatalytic activity inhancement of TiO2 nanoparticles with lanthanide ions and sandwich-type polyoxometalates

Lanthanides doped TiO2 (Ln-TiO2; Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb) nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol–gel method. Sandwich type polyoxometalates of K10H2[(OCeIV)3(PW9O34)2].xH2O (PWCe) was loaded onto each of Ln-doped TiO2 nanoparticles by simple impregnation method. The Ln-TiO2 nanoparticles and Ln-TiO2/PWCe nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high resolution scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectra and diffuse reflectance spectra. Photocatalytic efficiency of Ln-TiO2 nanoparticles and Ln-TiO2/PWCe nanocomposites were examined in the photodegradation of methyl orange solution as a model. It was revealed through different characterization techniques that the PWCe sandwich type polyoxometalate was successfully loaded on the lanthanides-doped anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles and the particles average sizes were diameter about 30 nm. It was revealed that however by doping the lanthanides ions improve performance of TiO2 but the best results obtained by loading of PWCe on Ln-TiO2. The results confirm a relationship between the electron affinity of Ln and photocatalytic activities of Ln-TiO2. The effects of operational parameters and the kinetics of photocatalytic degradation under UV light were discussed. The prepared nanocomposites were stable and can be easily separated from reaction system.

Growth of anatase and rutile phase TiO2 nanoparticles using pulsed laser ablation in liquid: Influence of surfactant addition and ablation time variation

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were grown using nanosecond pulsed laser ablation of Ti target in DI water and in 0.001M sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant aqueous solution. Growth was carried out with varying ablation times i. e. 30min, 60min and 90min. The objective of our study was to investigate the influence of variations in liquid ambience conditions on the growth of the nanoparticles in a pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) process. Size, composition and optical properties of the grown TiO2 nanoparticles were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), optical absorption, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The obtained nanoparticles of TiO2 were found almost spherical in shape and polycrystalline in nature in both the liquid mediums i.e. DI water and aqueous solution of surfactant. Nanoparticles number density was also found to increase with increasing ablation time in both the liquid mediums. However crystalline phase of the grown TiO2 nanoparticles differs with the change in liquid ambience conditions. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED), PL and XRD studies suggest that DI water ambience is favorable for the growth of anatase phase TiO2 nanoparticles for all ablation times. While Surfactant added water ambience is favorable for the growth of rutile phase TiO2 nanoparticles but for shorter ablation times of 30min and 60min only, for longer ablation time of 90min anatase phase was also observed along with the rutile phase TiO2 nanoparticles. The formation of anatase phase in DI water and rutile and anatase phase in aqueous solution of surfactant is explained on the basis of varying thermodynamic conditions with the two different liquid ambiences and different ablation times.