Tiny OS Research Articles

ILSM: Incorporated Lightweight Security Model for Improving QOS in WSN

In the network field, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) contain prolonged attention due to afresh augmentations. Industries like health care, traffic, defense, and many more systems espoused the WSN. These networks contain tiny sensor nodes containing embedded processors, Tiny OS, memory, and power source. Sensor nodes are responsible for forwarding the data packets. To manage all these components, there is a need to select appropriate parameters which control the quality of service of WSN. Multiple sensor nodes are involved in transmitting vital information, and there is a need for secure and efficient routing to reach the quality of service. But due to the high cost of the network, WSN components have limited resources to manage the network. There is a need to design a lightweight solution that ensures the quality of service in WSN. In this given manner, this study provides the quality of services in a wireless sensor network with a security mechanism. An incorporated hybrid lightweight security model is designed in which random waypoint mobility (RWM) model and grey wolf optimization (GWO) is used to enhance service quality and maintain security with efficient routing. MATLAB version 16 and Network Stimulator 2.35 (NS2.35) are used in this research to evaluate the results. The overall cost factor is reduced at 60% without the optimization technique and 90.90% reduced by using the optimization technique, which is assessed by calculating the signal-to-noise ratio, overall energy nodes, and communication overhead.

Optimization of Intelligent Network Information Management System under Big Data and Cloud Computing

With the economy and society development, big data storage in management has become a problem which can’t be ignored. Task allocation management and optimization is a significant factor in the enterprise sustainable development. The enterprise information intelligent management has become management mode and presents information to the business managers in a more effective and lower cost. In order to solve the management problem under big data and cloud computing, a research on the optimization of intelligent network information management system is proposed. Firstly, build the overall model of big data diversion system under cloud computing platform, and design the architecture of Tiny OS operating system for big data diversion; Secondly, S3C2440 is used as the system control core to design the hardware structure of the shunting system; Finally, the software of the system is developed by using the dynamic loading method of functional subroutines in Linux operating system. The power supply voltage is DC 3.3 V and 1.25 v. DC 5 V is used as the overall power supply of the circuit board, and 0.1 is added at both ends of lm1117 chip F and 100 F capacitance for FIR filtering of power supply. Simulation experiments are carried out to verify the performance, which shows the superior performance of the big data shunting system designed in this paper.

Research on Wireless Sensor Network System Based on Zigbee Technology for Short Distance Transmission

Based on ZigBee technology and the development of ARM technology and the demand of the wireless data transmission system, this paper proposes a wireless sensor network based on ZigBee and ARM design scheme of system mainly include ZigBee node and ZigBee base stations, using MSP430F149 framework and CC2420 ZigBee nodes, with embedded ARM7 chip STR710FZ2T6 framework and CC2420 ZigBee base station node, a hardware platform of low power consumption, low cost, and USES the partial mesh topology, Z-Stack protocol Stack Development of software and on-demand routing algorithms, embedded Tiny OS system, ZigBee-based wireless data transmission system. At the same time, aiming at the wireless sensor network (WSN) in the process of clustering nodes distribution imbalance problem affecting the service life of the network, an improved particle swarm (IPSO) algorithm combined the technology of distributed spatial analysis (DSA) of wireless sensor network equilibrium density clustering method, in order to promote the network equilibrium distribution of energy consumption, avoid the working life of the hot issues and maximize the sensor network. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective for energy balance clustering of network nodes, and has lower power consumption than other clustering techniques, so the network life is longer. Peer-to-peer communication can be realized between point to multi-point and two points, automatic configuration and automatic recovery of fast networking, and data communication can be realized through coordination between nodes.

Vision, Challenges and Future Perspectives of Low Constrained Devices IOT Operating Systems: A Systematic Mapping Review

Now the far-fetched reality has become true with the prominence of IOT (Internet of Things) technology. Various individual devices get connected with each other to establish communication. These devices are built on a microcontroller which is responsible to receive and send information. These devices are very small and appropriate Operating Systems are required on the basis of particular device architecture, scheduling methods, network technologies and programming models. IOT Operating Systems are enormously facilitating low constrained devices to deliver their throughput efficiently in a timely manner. This concept helped a lot in emergence of IOT, which has translated our physical world into a digital cyber world. IOT devices consumes less power, less memory and less energy, therefore they need appropriate Operating Systems to act as interfaces. Low constrained Operating Systems are especially designed to provide support to these low constrained devices. Many researches have been conducted to discuss Operating Systems for these low constrained devices. In this study, capsulization of Internet of Things and its building blocks, architecture of IOT Operating System and network stack architecture of state-of -the art IOT Operating Systems such as Contiki, Tiny OS, Free RTOS, RIOT, Zephyr and Mbed OS is investigated. Moreover this, detailed overview of related work is presented with the comparative analysis of this study with the existing surveys. In addition, open research areas are discussed with recommendations.

Vision, Challenges and Future Perspectives of Low Constrained Devices IOT Operating Systems: A Systematic Mapping Review

Now the far-fetched reality has become true with the prominence of IOT (Internet of Things) technology. Various individual devices get connected with each other to establish communication. These devices are built on a microcontroller which is responsible to receive and send information. These devices are very small and appropriate Operating Systems are required on the basis of particular device architecture, scheduling methods, network technologies and programming models. IOT Operating Systems are enormously facilitating low constrained devices to deliver their throughput efficiently in a timely manner. This concept helped a lot in emergence of IOT, which has translated our physical world into a digital cyber world. IOT devices consumes less power, less memory and less energy, therefore they need appropriate Operating Systems to act as interfaces. Low constrained Operating Systems are especially designed to provide support to these low constrained devices. Many researches have been conducted to discuss Operating Systems for these low constrained devices. In this study, capsulization of Internet of Things and its building blocks, architecture of IOT Operating System and network stack architecture of state-of -the art IOT Operating Systems such as Contiki, Tiny OS, Free RTOS, RIOT, Zephyr and Mbed OS is investigated. Moreover this, detailed overview of related work is presented with the comparative analysis of this study with the existing surveys. In addition, open research areas are discussed with recommendations.

Priority Arbiter for Tiny OS The need of renown OS for WSN and IoT

In the present technical era, we are extremely dependent on technological applications such as internet, multimedia, social media, home automation, industrial automation, medical instrumentation, web technology so on and so forth. Moreover, as a backbone such applications are supporting the research related to science and technology in turn. There are certain technologies for example Wireless Sensor Network, IOTs, Artificial Intelligence, and Cloud Computing etc., working behind these applications as unseen hands. Nowadays in all these facilities, there is much more advancement and high demand for real-time applications to serve interactive services. Such necessities enforce the technologies to upgrade themselves to their next level. As such, in WSN, the existing Operating Systems also should upgrade interms of different concerns such as memory management, scheduling techniques, power supply scarcity issues and overall efficient utilization of available limited resources. In this regard, here is an attempt to improvise TinyOS, which is the popular OS for WSN and IOT. The survey on WSN applications reveals, what sort of improvisations are necessary to fulfill the requirements of varieties of applications. In that direction, for more efficient scheduling of tasks based on the situation, new technique is required. Being the best OS for low power devices of WSN and IOT, TinyOS hinders to support many application those need different type of scheduling than FCFS, which is the only scheduling technique for TinyOS. Hence, Integration of new Priority arbiter as a first step of main scheduler improvisation is the essence of this paper.

Implementation of Secure Health Care Monitoring System using Atmega328

Various therapeutic applications set new demands on sensor sort out styles. They routinely incorporate incredibly factor information rates, various recipients and security. Most existing discoverer compose styles don't adequately reinforce these necessities, focusing rather on collecting little proportions of data from centre points while not security. During this paper, we will when all is said in done give a pack style for restorative marker frame works. A crisis facility parental figure will approach this| data at any explanation in time and shouldn't be obliged to be physically present inside the patient. The framework establishment canters district unit self-powered and draw essentialness from overhead 34W glaring lights by methods for sun arranged sheets. The device centre points are oftentimes interfaced to a spread of immense sign sensors like electrocardiograms (ECGs), Heart beat meters and weight level (BP) sensors. So as to check a totally working system, a business BP/beat screen (BPM) was interfaced to a remote contraption node.To start an examining, by then assembles the information and advances it to the base station.A charming graphical PC program (GUI) was expected to store and show understanding data on the base station laptop.The set-up was viewed as exceptionally strong with low power use .This structure gives a social affair of shows and organizations unequivocally custom fitted for this application space. It consolidates a protected correspondences model, AN interface for incidental gathering of locator information, a ground-breaking discoverer exposure show and shows that screen and expel to seventieth of the structure is made in Tiny OS and a JAVA chiefly based program is given to address the framework and show the intentional information. Likewise, all around examination of the structure of a 6-center locator demonstrating ground is introduced, estimation quantifiability and strength considering the way that the extent of sensors and thusly the per centre point rate. The results show that the foreseen structure could be flexible, ground-breaking, strong and secure objectives for remedial applications.

The Internet of Things (IoT): a survey of techniques, operating systems, and trends

PurposeInternet has changed radically in the way people interact in the virtual world, in their careers or social relationships. IoT technology has added a new vision to this process by enabling connections between smart objects and humans, and also between smart objects themselves, which leads to anything, anytime, anywhere, and any media communications. IoT allows objects to physically see, hear, think, and perform tasks by making them talk to each other, share information and coordinate decisions. To enable the vision of IoT, it utilizes technologies such as ubiquitous computing, context awareness, RFID, WSN, embedded devices, CPS, communication technologies, and internet protocols. IoT is considered to be the future internet, which is significantly different from the Internet we use today. The purpose of this paper is to provide up-to-date literature on trends of IoT research which is driven by the need for convergence of several interdisciplinary technologies and new applications.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive IoT literature review has been performed in this paper as a survey. The survey starts by providing an overview of IoT concepts, visions and evolutions. IoT architectures are also explored. Then, the most important components of IoT are discussed including a thorough discussion of IoT operating systems such as Tiny OS, Contiki OS, FreeRTOS, and RIOT. A review of IoT applications is also presented in this paper and finally, IoT challenges that can be recently encountered by researchers are introduced.FindingsStudies of IoT literature and projects show the disproportionate importance of technology in IoT projects, which are often driven by technological interventions rather than innovation in the business model. There are a number of serious concerns about the dangers of IoT growth, particularly in the areas of privacy and security; hence, industry and government began addressing these concerns. At the end, what makes IoT exciting is that we do not yet know the exact use cases which would have the ability to significantly influence our lives.Originality/valueThis survey provides a comprehensive literature review on IoT techniques, operating systems and trends.

An Investigation on Several Operating Systems for Internet of Things

In the field of development, Internet of things (IoT) plays a crucial role in providing solution to various situations. A lot of research has been conducted recently to model IoT based operating systems as standard UNIX, Windows and current real time operating systems are unable to meet the demand of heterogeneous IoT applications. In this paper we will focus on major OS features such as architecture, programming model, portability, memory management, real-time environment, scheduling algorithm, hardware support, networking and energy efficiency. We will be focusing on the following six operating systems which are as follows: Contiki, Tiny OS, RIOT, Zypher, Mbed and Brillo.

Virtual ATM: A Low Cost Secured Alternative to Conventional Mobile Banking

Mobile banking has become immensely popular among customers as a suitable method for money transaction. Banks are assertively adopting this mode. It is playing a vital role in availing banking services in remote areas where placing branch or ATM booth is not economically feasible. Mobile banking is so far the easiest way of expanding banking coverage. But there is huge possibility of fraud in case of mobile banking as authentication & all type of transaction information is provided via mobile phone including pin. So mobile banking is not intended to be used for big transactions where ATM transactions are suitable because of its two layer authentication system. In this paper, a new system is introduced that provides ATM service without traditional booths but two layer authentications with a tiny OS independent device has been introduced named VATM. This paper discusses how this system works using a low cost device made of micro-controller & CDMA module for communicating with bank for authentication which is used as an alternate of Automated teller machine for providing two layer authentications.

Test Suite Design Methodology Using Combinatorial Approach for Internet of Things Operating Systems

In this paper we describe how the test design can be done by using the Combinatorial Testing approach for internet of things operating systems. Contiki operating system is taken as a case study but we discuss what can be the approach for RIOT and Tiny OS operating systems. We discuss how the combinatorial coverage measurement can be gathered in addition to the traditional metrics code coverage. The test design generated by using Advanced Combinatorial Testing for Software is analyzed for Contiki operating system. We elaborate the code coverage gathering technique for Contiki simulator which happens to be in Java. We explain the usage of Combinatorial Coverage Measurement tool. Although we have explained the test design methodology for internet of things operating systems, the approach explained can be followed for other open source software.

건설현장 사전 환경조사를 위한 공간정보의 적용기법

건설공사에서 사전 환경조사는 시공 전 현장 조사 서비스뿐만 아니라, 계획 및 설계에서도 매우 중요한 요소이다. USN과 결합된 지형공간정보의 적용은 사전에 건설 현장의 진행 단계마다 조사 및 연구에 매우 경제적인 방법이기 때문에 건설 환경 계획 및 기본 설계의 건설을 위하여 매우 중요한 역할을 수행하여 불필요한 시행착오를 줄일 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 공간위치를 기반으로 환경 센서와 무선통신 기술을 융합하여 건설현장을 디지털 공간정보 환경으로 전환하고, 현장에 설치된 무선의 소형 환경 센서를 이용하여 각 유비쿼터스 센서에서 측정된 환경 데이터를 싱크 센서가 데이터 수집 처리하고 초소형 Tiny OS 기반의 PC 출력 이미지를 전송하는 방식으로 현재 진행되고 있는 건설 현장의 여러 환경정보를 3차원 지형공간에서 실시간으로 그 환경변화를 모니터링 할 수 있도록 하였다. The environmental survey in advance in the construction works is very important for planning and designing as well as the service of field survey before carrying out construction. The topographical application of spatial information coupled with USN is the very economical method for the survey and research every processing stage of construction field in advance. Therefore the execution of very important role for environmental planning and fundamental designing of construction reduces the unnecessary trial and error through the environmental survey in advance. In this research the environment of existent construction field is transformed to that of digital spatial information by fusing the sensor network with wireless technique on the base of spatial position. In addition, the sink sensor cumulates the environmental data measured from each USN sensor using small wireless environmental sensors installed at the construction site and changes of various environmental data at the present constructing site are able to be monitored at 3-D topographical space in real time by using the method for transmitting the image of PC output based on TinyOS.

무선 센서 네트워크에서 에너지 효율성을 고려한 센서 노드 제어

Abstract The life-time and performance of a wireless sensor network is closely related to energy-efficiency of sensor nodes. In this paper, to increase energy-efficiency, each sensor node operates in one of three operational modes which are normal, power-saving, and inactive. In normal mode sensor nodes sense and transmit data with normal period, whereas sensor nodes in power-saving mode have three-times longer period. In inactive mode, sensor nodes do not sense and transmit any data, which makes the energy consumption to be minimized. Plus, the proposed algorithm can avoid unnecessary energy consumption by preventing transmitting duplicate sensed data. We implemented and simulated the proposed algorithm using Tiny OS based ZigbeX platfom and NS-2, respectively. Performance evaluation results show that the proposed algorithm can prolong sensor networks' lifespan by efficiently reducing energy consumption and its standard deviation of all sensor nodes. Key Words : Wireless sensor network, Energy-efficiency, Normal mode, Power-saving mode, Inactive mode

An Improved Tiny OS Beaconing Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

Tiny OS Beaconing routing protocol is widely used in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), but it can easily cause the network to fail because some important nodes use up their energy too fast. The present paper suggests an improved Tiny OS Beaconing routing protocol by adding max sub-node, layer control and route maintaining so as to highly prolong the survival time of the WSN, and make the network more reliable.

확장성이 고려된 IEEE-802.15.4 기반의 저전력 범용 센서노드 설계 및 제작

Low power consumption sensor network platform (sensor node) for sensor networking with IEEE 802.15.4 protocol was fabricated. The sensor node used ceramic bar type antenna for increasing RF signal performance and decreasing PCB size occupied by antenna. The communication range of the fabricated sensor node was about <TEX>$20{\sim}30$</TEX> m in open environment with 915 MHz frequency bandwidth and well supported by Tiny OS. The sensor node have good connectivity with various external devices by RS-232, I2C, analogue and digital expansion board, hence, this sensor node can be applied to various applications in wireless sensor network and ubiquitous sensor network.

Sensor Cube: A Modular, Ultra-Compact, Power-Aware Platform for Sensor Networks

The Sensor Cube platform is an ultra-compact, modular and power-aware way of building sensor networks; they are based on a stackable hardware design supported by a Tiny OS based operating environment. The Sensor Cube hardware measures 14 × 14 ×18mm3 and features an integrated coplanar antenna, a design that results in an ultra compact footprint. A core characteristic of the system is that its modular design allows for each of the radio, processor, sensing and power management layers to be interchangeable in a Lego-like manner. Moreover, its low power radio (based on the 2.4GHz Nordic nRF2401 design) and microcontroller (based on the Texas Instruments MSP430) allow for very efficient operation. The Sensor Cube operating and software development environment is derived from Tiny OS, which has been modified to meet the hardware requirements, in particular by introducing a power-aware and reliable ALOHA-type MAC protocol. In this paper we present our experience with the Sensor Cube platform and, in particular, the implications of its ultra-compact design on system performance, specifically as it relates to the characteristics and limitations of the radio unit.