Tinh Province Research Articles

Land use management solutions in response to climate change: Case study in the central coastal areas of Vietnam

Abstract Vietnam is highly susceptible to climate change, which has significantly affected its agricultural production. Therefore, sustainable land use that adapts to climate change is a crucial research topic. This study was conducted in Loc Ha district, Ha Tinh province in central Vietnam, an area particularly vulnerable to climate change. The results indicate an increasing trend in temperature and rainfall, with flooding being the primary impact of climate change on agriculture, while drought has a moderate impact. This study assessed the suitability of land in the Loc Ha district to facilitate land use planning in line with climate change conditions until 2035. The land suitability analysis in Loc Ha district reveals that the district has 12 soil types across 8 soil groups, divided into 55 land units with varying characteristics. Adapting land use management to the climate change situation is an effective solution for agricultural development in the research area and across Vietnam in the future.

Threatened Species of Amphibians and Reptiles from Vu Quang National Park and Their Conservation Values

Based on five field surveys in 2023 and 2024, we herein provide a list of 24 threatened species of amphibians and reptiles from Vu Quang National Park, Ha Tinh Province. Among them, four species are listed in the Governmental Decree No. 64/2019/ND-CP, 13 species are listed in the Governmental Decree No. 84/2021/ND-CP, 13 species are listed in the CITES Appendices, 17 species are listed in the Vietnam Red Data Book (2007), and 13 species are listed in the IUCN Red List (2024). Seven species with the highest level of conservation priority due to their small populations are Python molurus, Ophiophagus hannah, Platysternon megacephalum, Cuora cyclornata, Cuora galbinifrons, Sacalia quadriocellata, and Indotestudo elongata. The major threat to the herpetofauna of the national park is illegal hunting.

Southernmost record and diet of Leptobrachella eos (Ohler, Woollen, Grosjean, Hendrix, Vences, Ziegler & Dubois, 2011) in Vietnam

Abstract The Rosy Litter Frog (Leptobrachella eos) is known from Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam. Knowledge about the natural history of this species is virtually lacking. As a result of our field work in Son La, Nghe An, and Ha Tinh provinces of Vietnam, we provide data on the food composition of L. eos for the first time. Using the stomach-flushing method, we analyzed stomach contents of 34 individuals (23 males and 11 females) from a total of 42 frogs, with stomachs of five males and three females (19%) being empty. A total of 13 prey categories were observed in the stomachs of L. eos, with 232 items, comprising 230 items of invertebrates and two unidentified items. The most important (IRI) groups among the prey of L. eos were Blattodea (26.31%), Araneae (17.26%), Orthoptera (13.21%), Coleoptera (12.39%), and Opiliones (10.09%). There was an overlap of 51.11 % in the diet between males and females, The trophic spectrum of males comprising 11 prey categories revealed to be wider than that of females comprising nine prey categories. Despite differences in diets between the sexes, Blattodea, Orthoptera, Araneae, Coleoptera, and Opiliones represented the most important prey category for all of them. In addition, we also report a new find of Leptobrachella eos, with a new subpopulation from Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam.

THÀNH PHẦN LOÀI CÁ LƯU VỰC SÔNG NGÀN PHỐ, HUYỆN HƯƠNG SƠN, TỈNH HÀ TĨNH

The composition of fish species in the Ngan Pho River basin, Huong Son district, Ha Tinh province, was studied from 2020 to 2022. The study aims to evaluate the diversity of fish species and their situation of exploitation in the area. Our results have found 78 species of fish distributed in 8 sampling points in the basin. Forty-eight fish species have been identified as high economic value, of which 16 species were found to be cultivated. Combined with the results of previous research, we have determined 107 fish species belonging to 72 genera of 20 subfamilies and 29 families belonging to 11 orders in the Ngan Pho River basin. Moreover, 39 species were discovered for the first time distributed here. In addition, some species were not reencountered during the field survey, including marine species migrating for food, such as Echidna polyzona, Ophichthus microcephalus, and Pisodonophis boro. They are possibly impacted by anthropogenic factors such as sand exploitation along the basin and changes in the flow from the Lam River estuary to the La River tributary and then to the Ngan Pho River. Keywords: Freshwater fish; Huong Son; Fish fauna; Ngan Pho river.

Land consolidation in Ky Anh district, Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam

Land consolidation in Ky Anh district, Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam

Assessing the Work Results of Vietnamese Civil Servants

Commune-level public servants work as implementers of state policies and laws to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of the people; hence, their work results are significant to affirm the effectiveness and reputation of state agencies. In terms of theory and practice, their work results are shown in the progress and quality of implementing assigned tasks; affected by both subjective factors (qualifications, capacity, working attitude, etc. of public servants), objective factors (working environment, facilities, technology, etc. of state agencies). This study focuses on two subjective factors that have direct impacts on the work results of civil servants, including: Professional capacity and working capacity. A survey was conducted with 330 leaders of commune-level authorities in 3 provinces representing 3 regions of Vietnam: Thai Binh province (Northern region), Ha Tinh province (Central region), Bac Lieu province (Southern region). The results show that: Commune-level public servants’ professional qualifications meet rank standards and job position requirements; however, they are not highly evaluated for their practical working capacity from their managers. The findings suggest policy development to promote the professional practical working capacity of public servants to accomplish the public service.

A New Record of Bufo gargarizans Complex (Bufonidae, Anura) from Truong Son Mounts, Ha Tinh and Ha Giang Provinces, Vietnam Based on Molecular Evidence with a Description of a New Species

Based on a combination of molecular and morphological data, we herein report a new species within the bufonid Bufo gargarizans species complex. This is a widespread species complex with distribution from eastern Russia and the Korean Peninsula to China and the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. Records of this species have been documented in the Guangxi and Yunnan Provinces near the border with Vietnam and, for the first time from Vietnam, in Ha Giang Province. The new record of Bufo cf. gargarizans from Vietnam is from Ha Tinh Province. This species has never been reported from Vietnam so far south, about 550 km south from the previously known locality in Ha Giang Province. The female specimen was found in the Ha Tinh Province, Vu Quang National Park of central Vietnam and two specimens (male and female) were found Ha Giang Province. They are clearly distinguished from B. gargarizans and all the mentioned species by a specific color pattern on the belly and creamy-yellowish throat with large, bright red speckles. Genetic divergences of three Vietnam specimens from Ha Giang and Ha Tinh Provinces in the ND2 gene sequences between the В. sp. nov. and all other congeners ranged from 4.3% (with B. andrewsi) to 7.0% (with B. stejnegeri). We give a description of the morphological characters and coloration of the new record and provide an expanded diagnosis.

New records of amphibians from Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam.

Since the establishment of the Vu Quang National Park in 2002 in Ha Tinh Province, central Vietnam, several surveys on the amphibian fauna have been undertaken in this protected area. In 2009, Nguyen et al. provided a list of 23 amphibian species from Vu Quang National Park. In addition, a new species was described in 2021 from the National Park, namely Vietnamophrynevuquangensis. As a result of our field surveys in 2013 and 2023, a total of 29 species of amphibians was recorded from the Vu Quang National Park. Six of them are recorded for the first time from Ha Tinh Province, comprising three species of Megophryidae, one species of Dicroglossidae, one species of Ranidae and one species of Rhacophoridae. In addition, we provide morphological data and ecological notes on the aforementioned species.

THỰC TRẠNG KĨ NĂNG TỰ NHẬN THỨC CỦA TRẺ MẪU GIÁO 5 – 6 TUỔI

The article addresses the current status of self-awareness skills - one of the five component skills in social-emotional skills. The article presents a report on the research results on the status of self-awareness skills of 347 preschool children aged 5 - 6 years old in preschools in Nghe An province and Ha Tinh province. The study used analysis, synthesis, interviewing, observation, and data processing methods using SPSS 25 software to evaluate the level of self-awareness skills of preschool children 5-6 years old. Survey results show that self-awareness skills in preschool children between 5-6 years old are mainly at an average level. The components of children's self-awareness skills are uneven. Research results help preschool teachers, parents, and researchers on children's social-emotional skills have a more accurate understanding of the level of self-awareness skills of 5-6-year-old preschoolers now

Parents' Intentions of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Students in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known as a common agent of sexually transmitted infections and cervical cancer. One of the most effective ways for parents to protect their children from HPV is by ensuring they receive vaccinations. To determine the percentage of parents who intend to vaccinate their children against HPV and associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 365 parents who had children attending high school in Ha Tinh province, Vietnam, from April to May 2023, using stratified and random sampling methods. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire designed based on previous studies and the domains of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Health Belief Model. A multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the association between several factors and vaccination status. A total of 365 participants took part in the study. The rate of parents intending to vaccinate their children against HPV was 55.9%. Knowledge about the HPV disease and vaccine (all P < .05) and the attitude of parents (P < .001) were determined as the motivation factors that affect the intention to vaccinate children against HPV. Many parents still do not have the intention to vaccinate children against HPV. Health education communication should focus on the motivation factors, not only to improve the parents' knowledge and perspective but also to increase the coverage of the vaccine to prevent cancers caused by HPV.

A new variant of lumpy skin disease virus circulating in Vietnam based on sequencing analysis of GPCR gene.

In 2021, Vietnam experienced an outbreak of Lumpy skin disease (LSD), which infected 207,687 cattle and buffaloes, as officially reported, and resulted in the culling of 29,182 animals. In this study, samples from cattle that died and showed typical signs of LSD in the Ha Tinh province of Vietnam were confirmed by three World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH)-recommended methods and further studied to compare the Vietnam and China reference strains to the new clinical cases. Three methods recommended by WOAH for agent detection (PCR, virus isolation, and transmission electron microscopy) were used to confirm this clinical LSD case. The sequence analysis of three well-known markers (P32, RPO30, and GPCR genes) has been utilized in Vietnam to understand this circulating pathogen better. Our findings showed that the CX01 LSDV strain is 100% identical to the Vietnam reference strain HL01 and China reference strains based on P32 and RPO30 genes. Interestingly, analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the GPCR gene showed that the CX01 strain belongs to the same cluster as the reference strains, but it has branches different from those of both the HL01 and China LSDV strains. The nucleotide identification between the CX01 strain and these reference virus strains ranked 99.65%-99.91%, suggesting that it is a new variant of LSDV. This finding is new and indicates that at least two variants of the LSD virus were circulating in Vietnam based on analysis of the GPCR gene. Additionally, these results suggest that the sequence analysis of the GPCR gene is a great tool for subgrouping LSDV circulating in Vietnam.

Estimation of Plastic Waste Leakage to Environment in Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam

In recent years, the high demand for plastic products in Vietnam has led to an increase in plastic waste leakage into the environment, causing negative impacts on the environment and the ecosystems. In this study, the plastic leakage to the environment from the domestic solid waste in 13 districts of Ha Tinh province was estimated by a Waste Flow Model from 2018-2021 and forecasting to the 2025-2030 period. Results showed that the total plastic waste generated in Ha Tinh province increased from 20,983 tons/year to 23,483 tons/year during the 2018-2021 period. However, the plastic waste released into the environment and leakage into the aquatic environment decreased from 3,022 tons/year to 2,001 tons/year and from 490 tons/year to 361 tons/year in the same period, respectively. Forecasting for the 2025-2030 period, the high collection rate of domestic waste scenario (95%) resulted in 14,664 tons and 1,496 tons, respectively, of total plastic waste released into the environment and aquatic environment. With the low collection rate of domestic solid waste scenario (90%), the total plastic waste leakage into the environment and aquatic environment were 19,068 tons and 1,788 tons, respectively. This result showed that increasing collection and recycling rates of plastic waste may reduce plastic leakage to the environment. It is necessary to monitor and evaluate the impact of plastic waste leakage on the environment and the ecosystems.&#x0D;

Consequence assessment of the La Giang dike breach in the Ca River system, Vietnam

Abstract Ca River is one of the largest rivers in Vietnam. The river provides water, electricity, and navigation for millions of people living along the banks. Besides these great benefits, the river also poses many potential risks for people. In the case of flooding, this river can cause terrible damage, especially in the case of dike breach. Therefore, this article, by combining a field survey and mathematical simulation, has been conducted to present the results of the dike breach for the La Giang dike of Ca river, in Ha Tinh province, Vietnam. Via the field survey, potential dike breach locations were specifically identified, which helps minimize the number of calculation scenarios. The mathematical model was calibrated and validated with large floods in the area. The results from the mathematical model show that the model is consistent with the observation data, with the Nash index at good to very good levels. Based on the data, a series of simulations was performed to assess the dike breach consequences. In each case, the study provided details on the inundation area, the number of affected residents and the length of flooded road for each inundation level by administrative unit. Based on the calculated results, the degree and scope of consequence varied depending on the locations of the dike breach. The results of the study are the foundation for the building of a local database of flood and storm control. This is very useful information for the decision-makers to establish different response plans for different emergency cases.

HOẠT TÍNH KHÁNG VI SINH VẬT CỦA TINH DẦU TỪ LÁ LOÀI TRÂM TRÁI TRẮNG (SYZYGIUM TSOONGII (MERR.) MERR. &amp; PERRY), TRÂM BULLOCK (SYZYGIUM BULLOCKII (HANCE) MERR. &amp; PERRY) VÀ TRÂM TÍCH LAN (SYZYGIUM ZEYLANICUM (L.) DC.) Ở HÀ TĨNH

Research on antimicrobial activity of essential oils from leaf of Syzygium tsoongii, Syzygium bullockii and Syzygium zeylanicum in Ha Tinh Province showed that essential oils from leaves of three species had antibacterial activity against three strains on the Gram (+): (Enterococus faecalis (ATCC 299212), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 14579) and against Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). The essential oil from the leaves of Syzygium tsoongii and Syzygium zeylanicum had not antibacterial activity against Gram (-), while the essential oil from the leaves of Syzygium bullockii could be against 2 strains of Gram (-): Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica strains.

Assessment of Flood Economic Losses Under Climate Change: A Case Study in the Ngan Sau River Basin, Ha Tinh Province and Vietnam

The Ngan Sau River basin, which is situated in Ha Tinh Province of Vietnam, experiences flooding during the rainy season, resulting in significant loss of property and human life. This research aimed to investigate the impact of climate change and land-use variation on flood losses. The study began by simulating the heavy rainfall events in August 2007 using the Weather Research and Forecast model with an ensemble method. Future rainfall was examined through numerical simulation based on pseudo-global warming constructed using six CMIP5 models (MIROC-ESM, MRI-CGM3, GISS-E2-H, HadGEM2-ES, HadGEM2-ES, and CNRM-CM5), and the variation in land-use was obtained from local authorities. Inundations caused by rainfall in 2007 and rainfall in the future were determined by the rainfall-runoff-inundation model. Finally, based on flood maps, land-use, and flood depth-damage functions, the economic losses were computed. The results of the average flood economic loss were $380 million in CTL, whereas the local authorities report an estimated loss of over $300 million. Under the impact of climate change and land-use variation, economic losses ranged from $380 million to $526 million in six CMIP5 models. The result of INMCM4 showed the highest value of $526 million, the results of MRI-CGM3, GISS-E2-H, HadGEM2-ES, and CNRM-CM5 fluctuated around $500 million, and the MIROC-ESM recorded the lowest at $380 million. The damage maps showed that the losses would be highest in urban areas, followed by forest areas, and lowest in agricultural areas. This information is essential for decision-makers to improve solutions for preventing economic losses caused by floods.

QUÁ TRÌNH HÌNH THÀNH, PHÁT TRIỂN, VAI TRÒ CỦA TỈNH LỴ HÀ TĨNH ĐỐI VỚI TỈNH HÀ TĨNH TỪ NĂM 1831 ĐẾN NĂM 2019

Along with the establishment of Ha Tinh province in 1831, the space of Ha Tinh provincial capital was gradually formed. Experiencing many historical upheavals, the provincial capital of Ha Tinh province has many changes from function, geographical space to infrastructure, population size, socio-economic development speed. The article focuses on restoring the spatial variation of Ha Tinh urban area from 1831 to 2019, thereby pointing out the role of Ha Tinh provincial capital in Ha Tinh province in different aspects.

GIÁ TRỊ DI SẢN HOÀNH PHI CÂU ĐỐI TIÊU BIỂU CỦA DÒNG HỌ NGUYỄN HUY TRƯỜNG LƯU VÀ NHỮNG VẤN ĐỀ ĐẶT RA

Nguyen Huy Truong Luu is a long-standing academic family in Kim Song Truong commune, Can Loc district, Ha Tinh province. Through the history of formation and development for hundreds of years, Nguyen Huy Truong Luu has formed a treasure of diverse heritages, typically 62 units of parallelism (antithetical couplets). The article analyzes the heritage value of Nguyen Huy Truong Luu family in three aspects: literature, culture - education, international relation - military. From here, the issue of conservation and promotion of heritage values is raised, heading towards the nomination of this heritage group to the List of Memory of the World Committee for Asia and the Pacific (MOWCAP), and its inclusion in the List of National Treasures of Vietnam.

Qualifications, capacity of vietnamese commune-level civil servants

In Vietnam, local government consists of three levels: provincial, district, and commune-level. The commune-level government is the lowest level, acting as an apparatus that directly implements the State’s policies and laws to the people. Therefore, the work results of commune-level civil servants play an important role, affirming the effectiveness of management activities and the prestige of government agencies. However, the process of performing the duties of commune-level civil servants is affected by many factors, affecting their work results and managers need to pay attention to take appropriate measures to promote their forte of civil servants. This study mentions two main factors affecting the work results of commune-level civil servants: qualifications and working capacity of civil servants. The author conducted a survey of 250 leaders of commune-level government agencies in 3 provinces representing 3 regions of Vietnam: Bac Ninh province (North region), Ha Tinh province (Central region), Bac Lieu province (Southern region). Research results show that local leaders rate civil servants as meeting the requirements on qualifications and competence according to title standards, but underestimate the practical capacity of commune-level civil servants. From the results of this study, the author suggests appropriate policy issues for localities to promote the capacity of commune-level civil servants to serve the civil service.

Assessing the knowledge and practice toward food safety: An investigation of food selection and processing among primary food caregivers in a town of Ha Tinh province, Vietnam

The food selection and processing stage are important stages to prevent food poisoning. A good level of knowledge and practice regarding food selection and processing among people who are responsible for the family meals are important. In this study, we aimed to investigate the knowledge and practice of primary food caregivers regarding food poisoning prevention in food selection and processing and identify the factors that influence these outcomes. The current study applied a cross-sectional study to investigate 422 primary food caregivers in urban areas in Vietnam. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and knowledge and practice were assessed based on pre-defined criteria. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression. Our study found that 78.9% of people had good knowledge regarding food poisoning prevention in food selection and processing. Furthermore, 84.4% of people had correct practice in this regard. Our study also revealed that household income level and educational level were associated with knowledge and practice, respectively. The proportion of correct practice was higher in the group with good knowledge (90.4%) compared to the remaining group (61.8%). The results indicated that the proportion of good knowledge and practice were high among food caregivers, but further efforts are needed to improve the knowledge and practice of food caregivers with lower household income and educational levels. The findings also emphasize the importance of communication campaigns to enhance knowledge related to food poisoning prevention.

Study on the impact of rooftop solar power systems on the low voltage distribution power grid: A case study in Ha Tinh province, Vietnam

Vietnam has developed solar power very quickly in recent years. However, the integration of the solar power system into a distribution power grid can cause a clear effect on the voltage of the grid. Accordingly, the voltage at the nodes increases significantly because of the appearance of photovoltaic (PV) systems, and it can lead to overvoltage at some load nodes near the solar power source. The impact of solar power stations with distribution power grids depends on the location and operating conditions of the utility grid. Therefore, the study of the impact of rooftop solar power on the distribution grid needs to add actual operating data of the utility grid to achieve a more detailed assessment and reliability. This study analyzed the influence of rooftop solar power on a low voltage distribution power grid in Ha Tinh province, Vietnam with the support of ETAP software. The scenario was calculated for 50% of the power (3-phase) penetration gain of the transformer. Besides, a proposed synthetic solution is a combination of reactive power compensation with a 5kVAr minimum compensation level at many points on the grid and adjustment of the load tap at the appropriate level depending on the load situation of the transformer. Thus, the voltage of the nodes on the power grid is improved, and the power loss is also decreased.