Time Points Of Menstrual Cycle Research Articles

Assessment of Salivary pH Changes During Various Phases of Menstrual Cycle

Aim: To assess salivary pH changes in females during various phases of menstrual cycle. Methods: The study comprised of 30 females belonging to 18-23 years with regular menstrual cycle. Saliva was collected on 1st, 7th and 14th day of the menstrual cycle and pH was evaluated. Descriptive statistics were calculated and rANOVA was used for comparison of the obtained data from pH readings. Results: The mean salivary pH on Day 1 was 7.47±0.51, Day 7th was 7.57±0.51 and Day 14th was 7.37±0.49. There was no statistically significant difference in salivary pH during the 3 time points of menstrual cycle that was considered. Conclusion: Within the limitations of our study, we conclude that among females with regular menstrual cycle changes in salivary pH was found to have no statistically significant difference. However, further long-term studies with considerations of menstrual disorders can be performed for better understanding.

Application time-point and effect observation of fire needling therapy in IVF-ET

To observe the effects of the intervention with fire needling therapy on the uterine microenvironment at the specific time points of menstrual cycle and evaluate the effects on the assisted reproduction. Sixty-eight patients of in vitro fertilization and embryo transplantation (IVF-ET) were randomized into an observation group (35 cases) and a control group (33 cases). The patients in the two groups all received post-IVF-ET corpus luteum support of the microstimulation scheme in the Clinical Reproduction Center of Jiangsu People's Hospital. In the control group, the regular sequential therapy of acupuncture was used. In the observation group, on the basis of the treatment as the control group, the intervention of fire needling therapy was applied after ovulation (the 1st time point, on the 1st day after ovulation) and at the end of premenstrual stage (the 2nd time point, 3 days before the menstruation). At the 1st time point, Shenshu (BL 23), Mingmen (GV 4) and Yaoyangguan (GV 3) were selected and at the 2nd time point, Shenshu (BL 23) and Ciliao (BL 32) were selected. The acupoints were stimulated from up to down and from the left to the right. The changes in TCM syndrome during the preparation, the endometrial thickness and types on the day of transplantation, the biochemical pregnant rate after transplantation and clinical pregnant rate were observed and compared in the patients of the two groups. After treatment, TCM syndrome scores were all reduced in the two groups (both P<0.05). In the observation group, the biochemical pregnant rate and clinical pregnant rate were slightly higher than those in the control group, without significant difference in comparison (both P>0.05). In the observation group, the endo-metrial thickness on the day of transplantation was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the differences in TCM syndrome score and endometrial type were not significant statistically between the two groups (all P>0.05). The intervention of fire needling therapy at the specific time points of menstrual cycle relieves menstrual symptoms and increases endometrial thickness so as to assist embryo implantation in the patients of infertility.

Relevant factors of estrogen changes of myopia in adolescent females.

Background:Gender is one of the risk factors accounting for the high prevalence of adolescent myopia. Considerable research results have shown that myopia incidence of female is higher than that of male. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between ocular parameters and serum estrogen level and to investigate the vision changes along with estrogen change in menstrual cycle of adolescent females.Methods:A total of 120 young females aged between 15 and 16 years, diagnosed with myopia were recruited. Spherical lens, cylindrical lens, axis, interpupillary distance (IPD), and vision in each tested eye of the same subject were measured by automatic optometry and comprehensive optometry, with repetition of all measurements in the menstrual cycle of the 2nd or 3rd days, 14th days, and 28th days, respectively. Serum estradiol (E2) levels were assayed by chemiluminescence immunoassay at the same three times points of the menstrual cycle mentioned above.Results:In young females with myopia, the spherical lens showed a statistically significant difference among all different time in menstrual cycle (all P < 0.0001). The cylindrical lens, axis, and IPD were changed significantly during the menstrual cycle (P < 0.05). The vision of the three different time points in menstrual cycle had a significant difference (χ2 = 6.35, P = 0.042). The vision during the 14th and 28th day was higher compared to that on the 2nd or 3rd days (P = 0.021). Serum E2 levels were significantly different at different time points in menstrual cycle (P < 0.05). E2 levels reached its maximum value on the 14th day and the minimum value on the 2nd or 3rd day.Conclusions:In adolescent females, the spherical lens and other related ocular parameters vary sensitively with different levels of E2 in menstrual cycle. Vision in late menstrual stage is significantly higher than that in premenstrual stage.