Ripening Time Research Articles

The Time Is Ripe: Olive Drupe Maturation Can Be Simply Evidenced by a Miniaturized, Portable and Easy-to-Use MicroNIR Green Sensor

The analytical study described in this work, based on NIR spectroscopy with a handheld device, allowed the development of a chemometric prediction model that has been validated for the objective evaluation of the ripening of olive drupes. The miniaturized, portable NIR spectrometer is proposed here as an easy-to-use sensor able to estimate the best harvesting time for ripening of olive drupes. The MicroNIR/chemometrics approach was developed for on-site identification of olive drupe ripening directly on plants, avoiding collection and successive laboratory analysis steps. A supporting parallel characterization by chromatographic techniques validated the spectroscopic prediction. The novelty of this approach consists in the possibility of investigating the olive drupe maturation point by collecting spectra in the near-infrared region and processing them using a chemometric model. The fast and accurate device allows one to easily follow the spectrum profile changes of olive drupes during ripening, thus preserving the fruits from being harvested too early or too late. The results of this study demonstrate the possibility of using the MicroNIR/chemometrics approach to determine the optimal ripening time of olives regardless of the plant variety, age and cultivation location. The results consequently demonstrated that the MicroNIR/chemometrics approach can be proposed as a new method to perform on-site evaluation of ripening by a single-click device. It can be conveniently used by any operator, who does not necessarily have to be expert but must simply be trained to use spectroscopy and a prediction model.

Peptidomics and biological activity analysis of in vitro digested Parmigiano Reggiano cheese at different ripening stages

The relationships among Parmigiano Reggiano (PR) cheese ripening, in vitro digestion, and biological activity have been investigated. PR cheese samples at different ripening time (from 12 to 30 months) were collected from two dairies and in vitro digested. No effect of ripening was found when the total peptide profiles were considered. Nevertheless, ripening affected the biological activities and the bioactive peptide profiles of in vitro digested PR. The long-ripened PR samples showed higher ACE-inhibitory and DPP-IV-inhibitory activities after in vitro digestion. The ACE-inhibitory activity of in vitro digested PR samples was positively correlated with the relative amount of potent ACE-inhibitory peptides whereas DPP-IV-inhibitory activity with protein hydrolysis. Some bioactive peptides that, according to the literature, exhibit proven in vivo bioactivity and bioavailable in humans were detected, suggesting their potential role in the protective effects on human health resulting from cheese consumption. PR samples at different ripening time may have potentially different effects on human health.

O armário: Fruiting phenology data for 4,462 plant taxa in Portugal (1926–2013)

Species phenology - the timing of key life events - is being altered by ongoing climate changes with yet underappreciated consequences for ecosystem stability. While flowering is generally occurring earlier, we know much less about other key processes such as the time of fruit ripening, largely due to the lack of comprehensive long-term datasets. Here we provide information on the exact date and site where seeds of 4,462 taxa were collected for the Index Seminum (seed exchange catalogue) of the Botanic Garden of the University of Coimbra, between 1926 and 2013. Seeds were collected from spontaneous and cultivated individuals across Portugal, including both native and introduced taxa. The database consists of 127,747 curated records with information on the species, or infraspecific taxa (including authority), and the day and site where seeds were collected. All records are georeferenced and provided with a confidence interval for the collection site. Taxonomy was first curated manually by in-house botanists and then harmonized according to the GBIF backbone taxonomy.

Cervical ripening with vaginal Misoprostol plus Hyoscine-N-Butylbromide versus vaginal Misoprostol alone among pregnant women: a double-blind randomised controlled trial.

To compare cervical ripening time with the use of vaginal Misoprostol plus Hyoscine-N-Butylbromide, with vaginal Misoprostol alone. A double-blind randomized controlled trial with Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR) approval number PACTR202112821475292. Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria. A total of 126 eligible antenatal patients for cervical ripening were enrolled. Participants in Group A had 25µg of vaginal misoprostol with 1ml of intramuscular placebo, and those in Group B had 25µg of vaginal misoprostol with 20mg of Intramuscular Hyoscine (1 ml). Oxytocin infusion was used when indicated, and the labour was supervised as per departmental protocol. Cervical ripening time. The mean cervical ripening time was statistically significantly shorter in the hyoscine group (8.48±4.36 hours) than in the placebo group (11.40±7.33 hours); p-value 0.02, 95% CI 0.80-5.05. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean induction-delivery interval in Group A (7.38±5.28 hours) compared to Group B (7.75±5.04 hours), with a value of 0.54. The mode of delivery was comparable. However, women in Group B (53, 84.1%) achieved more vaginal deliveries than women in Group A (50, 79.4%); p-value 0.49. Thirteen women in Group A (20.6%) had a caesarean section, while ten women (15.9%) in Group B had a caesarean section (p-value 0.49, RR 0.94, CI 0.80-1.11). Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes were not statistically significant between the two groups. Intramuscular hyoscine was effective in reducing cervical ripening time when used as an adjunct to vaginal Misoprostol, with no significant adverse maternal or neonatal outcome. None declared.

Pollination efficiency and foraging behavior of Bombus pauloensis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on two highbush blueberry cultivars (Vaccinium corymbosum)

Bombus pauloensis Friese is a promising managed bumblebee that can pollinate crops in South America. Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) is a recently introduced and economically promising crop cultivated in open fields or greenhouses in Colombia. Although this crop is known to be pollinator-dependent, the efficiency of local pollinators in this geographic area has yet to be established. This study aimed to establish the pollination effectiveness and foraging behavior of B. pauloensis in two of the most common cultivars of highbush blueberries planted in a high Andean region of Colombia. We hand-reared and located B. pauloensis colonies in two different plantations of Sharpblue (open field) and Biloxi (greenhouse) cultivars. The time spent per flower and the number of flowers visited per minute of 300 foragers were registered to characterize the foraging behavior in both cultivars. Pollen analysis was performed once from corbicular loads, larvae, larval cells, and colony feces to identify the pollen sources collected by colonies located in the Sharpblue crop. Analysis of fruit quality was performed to establish the effect of B. pauloensis pollination. Foragers visited blueberry flowers with a corolla aperture of more than 3mm in both cultivars but spent more time visiting Biloxi than Sharpblue flowers. B. pauloensis pollination reduced the ripening time and increased the fresh and dry weight and the number of true seeds in both cultivars. Our results provide evidence that B. pauloensis pollination can improve the fruit quality in the blueberry cultivars evaluated here in Colombia, making it an efficient native pollinator for a promising commercial species.

К НАУЧНЫМ ОСНОВАМ СОЗДАНИЯ ЦИТРУСОВЫХ «ДЕРЕВЬЕВ САДОВ»

The main breeding techniques used in the 50s of the 19th century by breeder F.M. Zorin – creator of the Friendship Tree, candidate of agricultural sciences (1944), are considered. Fyodor Mikhailovich developed valuable varieties of mandarin oranges, grapefruits, lemons, plums, figs, and hazelnuts. Author of more than 40 scientific papers. He was awarded the State Prize for the creation of new varieties of fruit plants. This article shows theoretical research and practically used methods for breeding new varieties of citrus fruits. The basis of his research was vegetative hybridization (from Greek “hybris” – inbreeding) – the production of hybrids by grafting. Zorin F.M. paid a special role in the breeding work to “tree gardens”, which were of both scientific and industrial importance. Fruits from such a tree could change shape, size, color and ripening time. At the same time, he paid attention not only to the selection of the scion, but also the rootstock. As a result, such a tree had many trunks, and the crown consisted of numerous varieties and species of three genera – Citrus, Fortunella, Poncirus of the Rutaceae family. Almost the entire Pomeranian subfamily (Aurantioideae) grafts onto each other and is highly compatible. It is important to take into account varietal characteristics: timing of flowering and ripening, as well as their biology. The main advantages of citrus «tree-gardens» are the saving of garden space, the aesthetic appearance of the trees and originality, as well as the ability to obtain more varieties per unit area.

Ppe.RPT/SSC-1: from QTL mapping to a predictive KASP test for ripening time and soluble solids concentration in peach

Genomic regions associated with ripening time (RPT) and soluble solids concentration (SSC) were mapped using a pedigreed population including multiple F1 and F2 families from the Clemson University peach breeding program (CUPBP). RPT and SSC QTLs were consistently identified in two seasons (2011 and 2012) and the average datasets (average of two seasons). A target region spanning 10,981,971–11,298,736 bp on chromosome 4 of peach reference genome used for haplotype analysis revealed four haplotypes with significant differences in trait values among different diplotype combinations. Favorable alleles at the target region for both RPT and SSC were determined and a DNA test for predicting RPT and SSC was developed. Two Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) assays were validated on 84 peach cultivars and 163 seedlings from the CUPBP, with only one assay (Ppe.RPT/SSC-1) needed to predict between early and late-season ripening cultivars and low and high SSC. These results advance our understanding of the genetic basis of RPT and SSC and facilitate selection of new peach cultivars with the desired RPT and SSC.

Effects of the Ripening Time of Porcelain Banana (Musa spp. Abb cv. Pisang awak) on the total Polyphenol Contents and Bioactivities

To investigate the influence of the banana ripening stage on the change in the content of bioactive components and their bioactivities, ripening stages of porcelain banana peels were screened for the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities using three methods, including DPPH scavenging assay, ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and inhibition of polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO assay). The Pearson correlation analysis of antioxidant parameters of banana peel extracts for each ripening stages with TPC data showed that the TPC values in the sample extracts were strongly negatively correlated with the IC50 values of the DPPH assay (r = -0.905). They positively correlated with the Fe3+ reduction capacity of Fe2+ (r = 0.723) and the ability to inhibit PPO enzyme at a concentration extract of 100 µg/mL (r = 0.786). During the ripening of bananas, the TPC at stage 1 (M1, light green, 228 mg GAE/100 g DW) was highest, and decreased to a minimum at stage 4 (M4, yellow color, accounts for 50% to 85% of the total banana peel surface area), and increase in stage 6 (M6, yellow color and appearance of black points, 199.9 mg GAE/100 g DW). The banana peel extract in stage 6 showed intense activities, having the highest extraction yield (15.18%) and was analyzed chemical constituents by HPLC-MS, which showed that it contains valuable group compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, catecholamines, lignans, and antibacterial compounds. This shows the potential of using banana peels to prepare polyphenol extracts containing high antioxidant activities, enhancing the use value of bananas.

Genetic amelioration of fruit and vegetable crops to increase biotic and abiotic stress resistance through CRISPR Genome Editing.

Environmental changes and increasing population are major concerns for crop production and food security as a whole. To address this, researchers had focussed on the improvement of cereals and pulses and have made considerable progress till the beginning of this decade. However, cereals and pulses together, without vegetables and fruits, are inadequate to meet the dietary and nutritional demands of human life. Production of good quality vegetables and fruits is highly challenging owing to their perishable nature and short shelf life as well as abiotic and biotic stresses encountered during pre- and post-harvest. Genetic engineering approaches to produce good quality, to increase shelf life and stress-resistance, and to change the time of flowering and fruit ripening by introducing foreign genes to produce genetically modified crops were quite successful. However, several biosafety concerns, such as the risk of transgene-outcrossing, limited their production, marketing, and consumption. Modern genome editing techniques, like the CRISPR/Cas9 system, provide a perfect solution in this scenario, as it can produce transgene-free genetically edited plants. Hence, these genetically edited plants can easily satisfy the biosafety norms for crop production and consumption. This review highlights the potential of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for the successful generation of abiotic and biotic stress resistance and thereby improving the quality, yield, and overall productivity of vegetables and fruits.

Identification of Late Ripening Citrus Mutant, Ara-unshiu (Citrus unshiu), and Its Selectable Marker.

'Miyagawa-wase' mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc. cv. Miyagawa-wase early) is one of the most widely cultivated citrus varieties on Jeju Island in Korea. Mutation breeding is a useful tool for the induction of genetic diversity for the rapid creation of new plant variants. We previously reported the use of gamma irradiation for the development of new citrus varieties. Here, we report a new mutant, Ara-unshiu, with a unique late fruit ripening phenotype. We investigated the fruit morphological characteristics including weight, vertical/transverse diameter, peel thickness, hardness, and color difference, as well as sugar and acid contents of the Ara-unshiu compared to wild-type controls. We then used whole genome re-sequencing and functional annotation by gene ontology to identify and characterize single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and insertion/deletion (InDel) variants in the Ara-unshiu, finding a greater abundance of annotated genes containing InDels compared to SNPs. Finally, we used allele-specific PCR to identify molecular markers among the homozygous SNPs detected from the Ara-unshiu genome sequencing. We report a primer set that effectively distinguishes the Ara-unshiu from the wild-type control and other citrus varieties. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms controlling the timing of fruit ripening and tools for the molecular breeding of citrus varieties.

Chemical composition and effective compounds of dates and their use in a snack to give energy to athletes

Background: Dates are recognized as a rich source of nutrients, so they are considered a complementary food element positioning them as functional food for athletes. Energy balls are nutritious snack foods that people, individuals and athletes enjoy. They are a source of natural sugars, fibers and proteins that are nutritionally balanced. Food supplements consist of protein, fats, vitamins, minerals and carbohydrates. Objective:Enrichment some food products, especially energy-rich balls for athletes that made from dates as a main component for it. Materials and Methods: Date fruits from five cultivars (Dekel Nour, Barhi, zahdi, khlas, sukari) were collected from the orchards of Baghdad Governorate. The fruits were cleaned and dried in an oven at a temperature of 45 ° C until dryn, then the fruits were ground by means of a grinder. The ground forms were kept in sealed glass containers at a laboratory temperature of 20-25 °C until use.Results: Variability in contents was observed across the different cultivars, with the highest percentage of total sugars, amounting to 86.70%, being recorded in Barhi dates. Conversely, the lowest sugar percentage was found in date meat, measuring at 69.20%. The fruits recorded the highest moisture percentage with a value of 30.01%. The mineral composition showed that P was the predominant mineral, followed in descending order by Mg, Ca, and proteins. The protein content ranged from 2.14 to 3.20%, while crude fat ranged from (0.15 - 0.44) %. Moisture content in date varieties with early ripening time was between low and high values of 10% to 30%. The comprehensive nutritional profile encompassed minerals and numerous vitamins, most notably B vitamins. Carbohydrates constitute 70% of the date’s composition, including fructose and glucose. Additionally, dates are rich in calcium, magnesium, selenium, copper, phosphorous, potassium, zinc, sulfur, cobalt, fluorine, and manganese. Lately, interest in dates has increased because of their health importance, catalyzing the development of food products.Keywords: Dates, active substances, chemical compounds, functional foods, oat, nuts

Growth regulators efficiency in onion planting material preparataion

Winter onion culture compares favorably with spring production with early harvest dates. In the conditions of the Krasnodar Territory, the first products arrive at the end of May-the first decade of June. However, obtaining a guaranteed harvest largely depends on the plants winter hardiness, which is determined not only by the prevailing conditions of overwintering, but also by the elements of growing technology, which include pre-planting preparation of seed onion. The article presents the results of studies on the influence of growth regulators used for soaking the sowing before planting for winter hardiness, the timing of the phenological phases onset, the dynamics of the leaf surface and bulbs growth, the size and structure of the crop. Seed onion was soaked before planting in solutions of three growth regulators (Radix, Radipharm, Rostok) for 12 hours, the control was a variant with planting material soaking in water. The seed onion of the first group (0.8-1.5 cm in diameter) was planted in early November, with 45 cm row spacing and 444.4 thousand pieces / ha planting density. It was found that Radix and Radipharm preparations significantly increased onion plants winter hardiness, the percentage of overwintered plants was 88.2-88.7% (80.3% under control), accelerated the ripening time of the crop (by 5-7 days), contributed to the activation of the growth processes of the aboveground apparatus. The pre-planting preparation of the seed onion did not affect the shooting processes intensity, the percentage of shot plants in the experiment was 7.5-7.9. The highest total yield of onion (39.2 t/ha) and the yield of standard bulbs (36.8 t/ha) with an average bulb weight of 102.2 g was obtained with the use of Radix. The increase in the yield in this variant and the earlier products’ entering the market contributed to net income increase compared to the control by 79.9 thousand rubles. The use of growth regulators for seed soaking had no effect on the products’ standard, it varied between 93.5-93.9%..

Influence of marine algae (Schizochytrium sp.) supplementation, ripening and vacuum packaging on goat cheese composition and fatty acid profile

The effect of diet (marine algae – MA; control – C), time of ripening (2 days, 4 and 8 weeks) and vacuum packaging on the composition and fatty acid (FA) profile of semi-hard cheese were evaluated in this study. Twenty-eight Alpine goats were housed indoors and randomly allocated to two groups: control group (C) was fed by 1500 g alfalfa hay and 600 g concentrate (n = 14); experimental group (MA) was fed by the same feed as C group supplemented 10 g/head/day Schizochytrium limacinum (n = 14). The study lasted 45 days, when milk samples were taken the last 10 days for their processing and analysis. Cheese samples (C: n = 15; MA: n = 25) were prepared from bulk milk from both groups and ripened. On day 2 of ripening, ten MA cheese samples were vacuum packed in foil. The semi-hard cheese samples were collected at 2nd day, then 4th and 8th weeks of ripening period. The MA supplementation did not significantly affect the composition of the milk. However, the MA supplementation had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on chemical composition of cheese, with the exception of fat content and fat content in TS. The supplementation of MA significantly (p < 0.05) increased the contents of DHA and rumenic acid in the cheese samples (MA group: 0.18 and 0.34 g/100 g, C group: 0.0 and 0.30 g/100 g of fatty acids (FA), respectively). The MA supplementation had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on contents of all odd- and branched-chain fatty acids in cheese, with the exception of C9:0. The ripening had significant (p < 0.05) influence on the rumenic acid (c9t11 C18:2) and alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3) content in the cheese. Vacuum packaging (VP) had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the contents of fat, fat in TS and TS in cheese, while their contents were in all cases higher in unpackaged cheese. The VP also had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the contents of most of monitored FAs in cheese.

ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROBLEM OF UKRAINIAN HARD CHEESES

An analytical review of the biotechnological process of production of various hard and semi-hard cheeses in the EU and Ukraine, as well as domestic recipes of fermented cheeses for production at craft cheese factories and at home, was conducted. An analysis of the conditions of the key stages of production, including fermentation, coagulation and ripening, was carried out. The composition and type of lactic acid bacteria in sourdough for fermented cheeses, as well as enzymes for fermentolysis and coagulation of milk casein, were studied. As a result of a complex study, a total of 73 types of hard and semi-hard cheeses were analyzed: 35 recipes of the New England Cheesemaking Supply Company by Jim Wallace; 30 production processes of hard and semi-hard cheeses from the EU; 8 technical conditions of hard cheeses of Ukrainian producers. It is shown that the prospects for optimizing the development of new types of hard and semi-hard cheeses in Ukraine are mainly related to the regulation of the time and temperature of fermentation, cooking and ripening of cheeses, as well as the expansion of the biodiversity of the primary and secondary microbiome of starter cultures to improve the taste and aroma of the ready-to-use product. Purpose: to analyze the fermentation process and recipes for the production of hard cheeses in Ukraine with the main world samples, to compare the composition and type of lactic acid bacteria in industrial and craft starters, as well as the types of enzymes for fermentolysis and casein coagulation of milk, in order to optimize production to improve the taste and aroma of ready-to-use product. Materials and methods. Methodical analysis and abstract-logical method for summarizing the evaluation criteria of the biotechnological process of various hard and semi-hard domestic cheeses with world samples according to recommendations, requirements and standards with the development of patents, technical conditions of their production in the EU and Ukraine; DSTU 6003 (Solid cheeses); New England Cheesemaking Supply Company cheese recipes by Jim Wallace. The obtained data were processed by methods of statistical analysis, systematization, comparison and generalization of information. Results. In this study, the documentation was examined and the data of standards, regulations, requirements and recommendations regarding the biotechnology of hard and semi-hard cheeses were analyzed, an analysis of the market of hard cheeses and the peculiarities of the fermentation process of their production was carried out with the determination of critical points and key stages of production using industrial deposited fermentation producers and protein enzymes coagulation and biodiversity of lactic acid bacteria in sourdoughs for fermented cheeses at world productions, with an assessment of the prospects for developing new and improving the biotechnology of Ukrainian benign and safe hard cheeses for healthy nutrition.

Phenolic, Polysaccharides Composition, and Texture Properties during Ripening and Storage Time of New Table Grape Cultivars in Chile.

The aim of this study is to determine the phenolic and polysaccharidic composition, texture properties, and gene expression of new seedless table grape cultivars Timco™ and Krissy™ and compare them to the traditional table grape variety Crimson Seedless (Vitis vinifera L.), during ripening and in commercial postharvest conditions. According to the results, phenolic compounds were present in very different proportions. The total anthocyanins responsible for skin color increased during maturation and the majority anthocyanin in the three cultivars was peonidin-3-glucoside, followed by malvidin-3-glucoside. The phenolic compounds presented a different behavior (decreasing or increasing) during postharvest. The total skin soluble polysaccharides decreased during ripening and postharvest in Crimson Seedless and Krissy™ and remained constant from technological maturity to postharvest storage in Timco™. In all cultivars, the majority soluble polysaccharide fraction was that with a molecular mass between 500 and 35 KDa. The skin mechanical properties of table grapes were good parameters for differentiating varieties, with better results for the new cultivars, compared to the traditional Crimson Seedless, especially in postharvest. Genes involved in the flavonoid pathway and cell wall metabolism in skins exhibited an increase in expression from veraison to remaining constant at the end of the berry ripening.

Physicochemical, Microbiological and Sensory Characteristics of White Brined Cheese Ripened and Preserved in Large-Capacity Stainless Steel Tanks.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of ripening and preservation containers on the physico-chemical, microbiological, and textural characteristics, and volatile profile of white cheese. White cheeses were manufactured on an industrial scale using large-capacity stainless steel tanks (SST) of 500 kg, and the respective control samples in tin containers (TC) of 17 kg. No significant differences (p > 0.05) in fat in dry matter and total protein content were observed at 60 days of ripening between the TC and SST cheeses. After 60 days, of ripening, the moisture of the cheeses in SST and TC did not show significant statistical differences (p > 0.05). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between the TC and SST cheeses in the mineral concentration (Ca, Mg, K, and Na) and textural characteristics. Similar results of pH and bacterial counts, as well as absence of yeasts and molds, were observed during ripening and preservation time in both groups of cheeses. Furthermore, proteolysis was not affected statistically significantly (p > 0.05). A moderately increased rate of ripening for the cheeses in TC was observed up to 90 days but, at 180 days, proteolysis was similar in both groups of cheeses. Regarding the SFA, MUFA, and PUFA content, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between the TC and SST cheeses. A total of 94 volatile compounds were identified in the volatile fraction of both the SST and TC cheeses. Organic acids and alcohols were the most abundant classes of volatile compounds that were identified. The flavor and texture scores in the TC and SST cheeses were similar (p > 0.05). Overall, the TC and SST cheeses did not show any significant statistical difference in any of the analyzed parameters.

The new earliest cultivar of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.)

The fruits of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) have long been eaten and used for medicinal purposes. During the long history of their use, many cultivars have been created with a wide range of shapes, sizes, colors, biochemical composition, and fruit ripening dates, allowing the planting of the cornelian cherry in different geographical locations and a wide range of environmental conditions. The M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine) has an extensive collection of C. mas cultivars, which differ in many respects, including the time of fruit ripening. Recently a new cultivar, ‘Vytivka Svitlany’, marked by a very early ripening time, has been bred. The fruits of cultivar ‘Vytivka Svitlany’ are red or dark red, oval and more or less elongated, cut off at the top and slightly concave, shiny, juicy, sweet-sour, and slightly tart, with a delicate aroma. After full ripening, the fruits crumble quickly. They are deliciously fresh and suitable for processing in the food industry. In the present paper, the morphological features and biometric characteristics of the fruits of the new cultivar in comparison with other early-ripening cultivars (red-fruited ‘Olena’ and yellow-fruited ‘Alyosha’), as well as the principal biochemical composition of the fruits and its phenological phases for the seasonal development in 2021 according to BBCH scale are represented.

Using dinoprostone slow release vaginal insert for cervical ripening in term-pregnancy with oligohydramnios.

The study purposed to evaluate the success rate of cervical ripening using dinoprostone controlled-release vaginal insert and reveal some factors relating to successful cervical ripening. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Tu Du Hospital in Vietnam from December 2021 to August 2022. The study enrolled 200 pregnant women with gestational age ≥37 weeks diagnosed with oligohydramnios. These candidates underwent dinoprostone cervical ripening (DCR) according to the local protocol. The Bishop score ≥7 after 24 h was determined for the successful cervical ripening (SCR). In total, the success rate of DCR achieved at 57.5% and the cesarean delivery rate was 46.5%. None of the severe side-effects and complications was present. Using multivariable logistic regression, the study found that the body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 and oxytocin infusion drip related to SCR with adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 3.67 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.78-7.57) and aOR: 4.68 (95% CI: 1.84-11.93), p < 0.001. Using the Kaplan-Meier curve, the present study revealed a significant difference between Bishop <3 and ≥3 following the duration time of cervical ripening, with hazard ratio: 1.38 (95% CI: 1.19-1.59), p < 0.001. The time duration of cervical ripening was not significantly different following amniotic fluid index from 3 to 5 cm. Cervical ripening using a dinoprostone vaginal insert is a potentially acceptable method in term pregnancy accompanying with oligohydramnios. The probability of SCR can be predicted on a careful assessment of relative factors by obstetricians. Further studies are required to strengthen these findings.

Advanced Maternal Age Associated With Significantly Increased Cervical Ripening Times and Decreased Vaginal Delivery Rates [ID: 1367634

INTRODUCTION: With increasing numbers of advanced maternal age (AMA) gravidas, labor characteristics specific to this population are important to understand. The objective of this study was to examine patterns in cervical ripening times and vaginal delivery rates for patients with AMA. METHODS: This was an IRB-approved retrospective cohort study conducted at a single academic center. Data were collected by retrospective chart review of deliveries from 2020 to 2021. We included nulliparous patients aged 18 or older with singleton pregnancies, pre-pregnancy body mass index of 18.5 or greater, and gestational age of 37.0 or greater. Patients with pregestational diabetes and lethal fetal anomalies were excluded. RESULTS: One thousand twenty-two patients met inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17.7% of whom were AMA. Lower gestational age and less Hispanic ethnicity were noted in the AMA group. Among AMA patients, there was an increase in cervical ripening time as compared to patients aged older than 35 with an average difference of 3.14 hours (CI 1.26–5.01, P=.001). Compared to participants younger than 35, those that are AMA were 36% less likely to have a vaginal delivery (CI 0.46–0.89, P=.008). Median cervical ripening time to vaginal delivery was 15.0 hours for non-AMA and 19.9 hours for AMA patients. At any point of cervical dilation, AMA patients had a 28% less chance to have a vaginal delivery than non-AMA (P&lt;.001). CONCLUSION: Patients who were AMA experienced increased cervical ripening times and decreased rates of vaginal deliveries compared to patients younger than 35. Knowing labor characteristics specific to the AMA population is important for counseling and clinical decision-making.

Prospective comparison of cervical ripening with double balloon Cook catheter, misoprostol or dinoprostone in term singleton pregnancies.

Induction of labor is indicated if the risk of continuing pregnancy is higher (either for fetus or mother) than the risk associated with the induction itself. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of the double balloon Cook catheter and pharmacological preparations - prostaglandins (PGE), in our case it was misoprostol (PGE1) or dinoprostone (PGE2) for cervical ripening in pregnant women with gestational age at term. The prospective observational study was conducted from March 2017 to December 2018. We used mechanical and pharmacological methods for cervical ripening. We compared the efficiency of methods and time to delivery from start of cervical ripening. We also evaluated the neonatal complications by Apgar score and neonatal intensive care unit admission in three different groups. Two hundred and nine women were chosen for cervical ripening. Double balloon Cook catheter and misoprostol were equally efficient in achieving vaginal delivery (76%). The shortest time for cervical ripening and successful vaginal delivery was shown in misoprostol (PGE1) group. In conclusion, no significant differences were found between groups in all neonatal outcomes. Currently, many methods of delivery preinduction exist and the prevalence of their usage varies considerably between countries. As yet, there is no literature comparing these three methods for the preparation of cervix.