Time Fractional Differential Equations Research Articles

New periodic solutions and solitary wave solutions for the time-fractional differential equations

In this paper, we obtain many different types of exact solutions to the time-fractional Klein–Gordon equation and the time-fractional generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV system by using the modified rational function approach. Some new solutions such as the kink-periodic solution, the anti-kink-periodic solution and the concave-convex-periodic solution are constructed. Furthermore, the kink and the singular kink waves, the bell shaped soliton and the singular soliton solutions of the two equations also are found. Some numerical simulations are presented, these works can effectively reflect the propagation phenomena of time-fractional nonlinear systems, and also enable us to understand time-fractional nonlinear physical phenomena more clearly.

Influence of Fractional Order on the Behavior of a Normalized Time-Fractional SIR Model

In this paper, we propose a novel normalized time-fractional susceptible–infected–removed (SIR) model that incorporates memory effects into epidemiological dynamics. The proposed model is based on a newly developed normalized time-fractional derivative, which is similar to the well-known Caputo fractional derivative but is characterized by the property that the sum of its weight function equals one. This unity property is crucial because it helps with evaluating how the fractional order influences the behavior of time-fractional differential equations over time. The normalized time-fractional derivative, with its unity property, provides an intuitive understanding of how fractional orders influence the SIR model’s dynamics and enables systematic exploration of how changes in the fractional order affect the model’s behavior. We numerically investigate how these variations impact the epidemiological dynamics of our normalized time-fractional SIR model and highlight the role of fractional order in improving the accuracy of infectious disease predictions. The appendix provides the program code for the model.

Advanced Methods for Conformable Time-Fractional Differential Equations: Logarithmic Non-Polynomial Splines

Advanced Methods for Conformable Time-Fractional Differential Equations: Logarithmic Non-Polynomial Splines

Solvability of a boundary value problem with integrable conditions for partial differential equations of fractional order

Differential equations have a remarkable ability to predict the world around us. They are used in a wide variety of disciplines, from biology, economics, physics, chemistry and engineering. The study of existence and uniqueness, periodicity, asymptotic behavior, stability, and methods of analytic and numerical solutions of fractional differential equations have been studied extensively in a large cycle works; Especially, The study of existence and uniqueness of solution of fractional partial differential equations are then proved by mani methods as: the well-known Lax–Milgram theorem, Energy estimate and fixed point theorem... Among them, we only mention here the apriori estimate method (energy inequality method). The current piece of work concentrates on exploring the existence and uniqueness of a solution for a non-linear boundary value problem that has integrable conditions in the case of fractional partial differential equations. For this we split the proof into two sections: linear and non-linear problem; for the associated linear problem, we derive the a priori bound and demonstrate the density of the operator generated by the problem posed; we solve the non-linear problem by introducing a iterative process. The results show the efficiency of energy inequality method in the case of time fractional order differential equations with integrable conditions our results illustrate the existence and uniqueness of the continuous dependence of solution on fractional order. The work of the authors could be considered as a contribution to the development of the functional analysis method. And to conclude we argue that the research carried out in this article could serve as a contribution for possible studies in the field of applied mathematics.

Asymptotic expansion method with respect to a small parameter for fractional differential equations with Riemann–Liouville derivate

In this paper, we proposed an asymptotic approach with respect to a small parameter for fractional differential equations, with the small parameter linked to the fractional order derivative. This approach allows the splitting of the field variable and consequently the Riemann–Liouville Integral as the sum of two contributions. One describes the unperturbed state and the other describes the behavior of the model in the perturbed state due to the presence of the fractional derivative. This approach allows mapping time-fractional differential equations into a system of two coupled partial differential equations with integer order. By solving these partial differential equations we are able to obtain solutions of the assigned fractional differential equations. To obtain solutions we determine the approximate Lie symmetries through which the system of two coupled partial differential equations is reduced to a system of two coupled ordinary differential equations. As an application, we consider the time fractional diffusion–reaction equation with a linear source term; we test the proposed procedure by comparing the profiles of the obtained approximate solutions with solutions found in the fractional context for values of the fractional parameter tending to the integer value.

A novel Adomian natural decomposition method with convergence analysis of nonlinear time-fractional differential equations

ABSTRACT The objective of the current article is to use the Banach fixed point theorem to present proofs for the existence and uniqueness theorems for a nonlinear time-fractional differential equation, namely, the linear and nonlinear, homogeneous and nonhomogeneous time-fractional diffusion equations. In addition, we explore exact solutions to nonlinear time fractional partial differential equations using an effective method called the Adomian natural decomposition method (ANDM), which is a combination of the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and the natural transform method (NTM). To demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested scheme, three examples are provided along with graphs and numerical tables to support our work. The outcomes demonstrate how effortless and effective the ANDM is for addressing fractional partial differential equations in multi-dimensional spaces, some of which we examined in this study as special cases. AMS Classifications 34A08, 65P99, 49J15, 35R11, 26A33, 74G10.

Numerical investigation of two fractional operators for time fractional delay differential equation

Numerical investigation of two fractional operators for time fractional delay differential equation

Hygrothermoelastic large deflection behaviour in a thin circular plate with non-Fourier and non-Fick law

The coupled fractional dual phase-lag hygrothermoelasticity theory, developed using fractional calculus principles, extends classical Fourier’s and Fick’s laws to a time-fractional differential equation. The concept is applied to a thin circular plate that is exposed to hygrothermal loadings. The finite integral transform method and decoupled technique are utilized to create closed-form expressions for various factors such as temperature, moisture, large deflection, and stresses. The study compares the results of the dual phase-lag model with those of classical and hyperbolic models. The phase-lags parameters play a crucial role in regulating the heat and moisture transfer mechanism

Numerical method for second order singularly perturbed delay differential equations with fractional order in time via fitted computational method

The numerical solution of time fractional parabolic differential equations with singular perturbations and delay is the subject of this article. An arbitrarily small perturbation parameter ɛ(0<ɛ<<1) is multiplied the highest order derivative term. The problem’s solution shows an exponential boundary layer on the right side of the spatial domain for small values of ɛ. The solution and its derivatives are discussed together with their properties and bounds. The Crank–Nicolson approach for time discretization and the fitted operator non-standard finite difference method for space discretization are used to solve the time fractional singularly perturbed time delay problem under consideration. The comparison principle and solution bound are used to examine and analyze the scheme’s stability. The scheme’s uniform convergence is examined and demonstrated. The proposed scheme has a uniform convergence order of Mx−1+(Δt)2−γ. Two numerical illustrations for various values of ɛ are taken into consideration to validate the theoretical analysis of the scheme. The constructed scheme provides a better order of convergence and more accurate results than methods found in the literature.

Galerkin approximation for multi-term time-fractional differential equations

Fractional differential equations (FDEs) are utilized as a precise model for describing a wide range of biological and physical processes, benefiting from the inherent symmetry feature in natural phenomena. The introduction of multi-term time-fractional order equations serves to tackle intricate phenomena spanning various physical domains. This study solves multi-term time-fractional DEs using the quadratic B-spline Galerkin method. In Galerkin approach, the quadratic B-spline is utilized as both a test and a basis function. The fractional portion of time is evaluated using the Caputo definition. In addition, the Gauss quadrature formula is used to evaluate the integration of complex function which enhance the accuracy. Lax-Richtmyer's stability criterion is employed to evaluate the stability of the proposed scheme. The E2 and E∞ norms are computed and displayed in the tables to illustrate the robustness and efficiency of the method. We compute simulation for various nodal points as well as various mesh sizes to analyze the solution behavior. The obtained results are compared with the exact and available results, indicating that the proposed scheme is more efficient. The graphical solution of each example is also demonstrated which verifies that exact and approximate solutions graphs closed with each other.

Analyzing the impact of time-fractional models on chemotherapy's effect on cancer cells

In this study, we employ the Laplace Variational Iterational Method (LVIM) as a sophisticated mathematical tool to investigate into the complex dynamics of cancer cells under the influence of chemotherapy. The LVIM, a method combining Laplace transformations and variational iteration techniques, is specifically adapted to address a system of time fractional differential equations (FDEs) that characterizes the temporal behavior of cancer cells. To enhance the efficacy of our approach, we introduce a semi-analytic version of LVIM, which proves to be a powerful and versatile tool for solving mathematical problems involving fractional derivatives. The focus of our analysis centers on elucidating the impact of chemotherapy, with a particular emphasis on drug diffusion within cancer cells and the fractality of DNA walks. Through numerical exploration encompassing varying fractional order derivatives, our study exposes nonlinear behaviors that remain secret in systems featuring only integer order derivatives. Notably, the methodology we propose is not only applicable to the specific cases examined in this research but also exhibits broad versatility, making it suitable for exploring the effects of different drugs and types of cancers. This research contributes valuable insights into the dynamics of cancer cells, aiding in the understanding of the implications for therapeutic strategies in the context of cancer treatment.

Monotone iterative technique for multi-term time fractional measure differential equations

Monotone iterative technique for multi-term time fractional measure differential equations

Wave solutions in (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized fractional mKdV-ZK equation utilizing jacobi elliptic functions

In this research, we investigate the effects of fractional order on the (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized space-time fractional modified KdV-Zakharov-Kuznetsov (mKdV-ZK) equation. We approach the problem by utilizing the conformable fractional derivative. By reducing the mKdV-ZK equation to an integer order nonlinear ordinary differential equation, we apply the Jacobi elliptic function method to find exact solutions. These solutions are specifically tailored for the fractional order of the (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized mKdV-ZK equation, encompassing solitary waves, shock waves, and periodic waves. We also compare these exact solutions with fractional solutions to gain further insights. Notably, our approach demonstrates the feasibility of solving nonlinear time-fractional differential equations with conformable derivatives. Several diagrams have been included to visually depict the behavior of the solutions under fractional order when certain special parameter values are employed.

Nonlinear fractional-order differential equations: New closed-form traveling-wave solutions

Abstract The fractional-order differential equations (FO-DEs) faithfully capture both physical and biological phenomena making them useful for describing nature. This work presents the stable and more effective closed-form traveling-wave solutions for the well-known nonlinear space–time fractional-order Burgers equation and Lonngren-wave equation with additional terms using the exp ( − Φ ( ξ ) ) (-\Phi (\xi )) expansion method. The main advantage of this method over other methods is that it provides more accuracy of the FO-DEs with less computational work. The fractional-order derivative operator is the Caputo sense. The transformation is used to reduce the space–time fractional differential equations (FDEs) into a standard ordinary differential equation. By putting the suggested strategy into practice, the new closed-form traveling-wave solutions for various values of parameters were obtained. The generated 3D graphical soliton wave solutions demonstrate the superiority and simplicity of the suggested method for the nonlinear space–time FDEs.

Sharp analysis of [formula omitted] method on graded mesh for time fractional parabolic differential equation

In this paper, we study the L1−2 method for solving numerically a class of time fractional parabolic differential equations on a graded mesh. Based on the nonsmooth regularity assumptions, the stability and convergence of the proposed numerical method are investigated. Using rigorous and sharp theoretical analysis, we obtain the optimal graded parameter r=(3−α)/(1+α) of the graded mesh. Numerical experiments are given to demonstrate that even if the α is small, the graded mesh based on the optimal graded parameter is still able to recover the optimal convergence order of the L1−2 method.

The kink solitary wave and numerical solutions for conformable non-linear space–time fractional differential equations

This paper is about the conformable non-linear space–time fractional Telegraph and the non-linear space–time fractional Kolmogorov–Petrovskii–Piskunov (KPP) equations. To construct some real and analytical wave solutions of both equations the simplest equation method is applied. As a consequence, a series of analytical wave solutions are obtained as well as verify these solutions by using Mathematica software. These solutions denote that this method is useful and straightforward. We show some graphs in 2-D and 3-D of our solution to illustrate the behaviour of waves. Finally, we introduce the numerical solutions for the conformable non-linear space–time fractional Telegraph and the non-linear space–time fractional KPP equations using the finite difference method and make comparisons with analytical solutions.

Approximate analytical solutions of fractional order differential equations by conformable Sumudu decomposition method

This work offers a fast, approximate analytical technique for solving time fractional differential equations. CSTADM is a gentle combination of two powerful approaches to solve fractional PDE’s. The hybrid approach suggested here produces more accurate findings and convergent solution series faster. Also, the proposed approach is used to get the analytical solution of nonlinear fractional PDE’s. The fractional derivative’s type is assumed to be conformable. Compared to standard fractional derivative definitions, this approach is effective and straightforward in applications involving fractional differential equations with complicated solutions. Furthermore, the results show that the acquired results increase the precision and efficacy of the proposed technique.

On the $S$-asymptotically $\omega$-periodic mild solutions for multi-term time fractional measure differential equations

In this paper, based on regulated functions and fixed point theorem, a class of nonlocal problem of multi-term time-fractional measure differential equations involving nonlocal conditions in Banach spaces. Firstly, we introduce the concept of $S$-asymptotically $\omega$-periodic mild solution, on the premise of by utilizing $(\beta,\gamma_k)$-resolvent family and measure functional (Henstock-Lebesgue-Stieltjes integral), the existence of $S$ -asymptotically $\omega$ periodic mild solutions for the mentioned system are obtained. Finally, as the application of abstract results, the existence $S$-asymptotically $\omega$-periodic mild solution for a classes of measure driven differential equation are discussed.

Numerical Solution of Time-fractional BBMB Equation via LRPSM

The time-fractional Benjamin-Bona-Mahony-Burger (BBMB) differential equation plays an important role in explaining the unidirectional propagation of long waves in definite nonlinear differential systems. This work presents an analytical numerical solution of considered equation by Laplace transform with residual power series method (LRPSM) which is a generalized Taylor series together with Laplace transform and the residual error function. Using the proposed approach, the series solution of this equation is obtained. The analytical numerical solution shows that the LRPSM is a reliable and powerful method for solving the time fractional differential equations (FDEs) with less number of terms. The obtained results of numerical solutions are also compared with the exact solution and presented as absolute errors at different time levels.

A Novel Approach for Solving Nonlinear Time Fractional Fisher Partial Differential Equations

This study focuses on solving non-linear time fractional Fisher partial differential equations using analytical series solutions. The authors consider the Caputo fractional derivative in their formulas, which adds accuracy to the results. They introduce a novel method called LRPS which proves to be a powerful tool for obtaining precise analytical and numerical solutions for these equations. The LRPS method emphasizes precision, effectiveness, and practical application, making it suitable for various fields such as physics, engineering, and finance. Due to the importance of accuracy, effectiveness and method of application in this approach, it is highlighted that accurate solutions can be obtained when there is a pattern in the parts of the series, while approximate estimates are provided otherwise. The LRPS method is presented as a powerful technique specifically designed for solving nonlinear fractional Fisher partial differential equations.