Problem Of Timing Constraints Research Articles

Analisis Kesulitan Guru dalam Melaksanakan Penilaian Autentik pada Kurikulum 2013 di SDN 104208 Cinta Rakyat

Along with the implementation of the 2013 curriculum, many changes occurred in the learning components, especially in the assessment system, which in the 2013 curriculum is known as authentic assessment. Authentic assessment emphasizes activity-based learning that covers aspects of attitude, cognitive and psychomotor. The implementation of authentic assessments in the field is still not running as it should. There are still many teachers who have difficulty in carrying out authentic assessments in schools due to several factors. This study aims to describe the difficulties of teachers in carrying out authentic assessments in the 2013 curriculum at SD Negeri 104208 Cinta Rakyat. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews and documentation. The sample in this research is a VB grade teacher at SD Negeri 104208 Cinta Rakyat. The data analysis technique uses interactive model data analysis techniques. Based on the results of data analysis, the results of the study show that there are several difficulties experienced by teachers in carrying out authentic assessments in the 2013 curriculum including (1) Incompatibility of the assessment rubrics in the teacher's book with current learning (2) Lack of improvisation in using assessment instruments ( 3) The problem of time constraints. The teacher's efforts/solutions to overcome the difficulties of authentic assessment are; (1) the teacher continues to carry out all the assessments in the teacher's book which includes the attitude domain, cognitive domain and pricomotor domain, (2) the teacher conducts discussions with fellow teachers at the school and the teacher practices to vary the existing attitude assessment, (3) teachers practice to pay more attention to how to manage time well so that the implementation of the assessment can be more optimal by dividing the days in conducting this authentic assessment.

Research on Real-Time System and Related Graph Task Model

Generally speaking, real-time system is considered to be able to influence the environment by receiving and processing data, and returning calculation results rapid enough, so as to control the environment. In computer science, real-time system describes the software and hardware system affected by time constraints, and its correctness relies on the logical correctness of the function and the time when the result is generated. According to the main characteristics of real-time operating system, such as time constraint, predictability and reliability, it puts forward higher requirements for the time accuracy and reliability of real-time operating system. This paper first introduces the real-time system from its main characteristics, related concepts and scheduling algorithm. Then five classical graph based task models of real-time system are introduced. Finally, this paper introduces the directed graph realtime task model from two aspects of definition and semantics. As an extension of realtime system task model, directed graph real-time task model is considered to be able to provide real-time systems with stronger expressive power and support the formal study of time constraint problems.

Results of a Randomized Trial Testing the Efficacy of Tele-Savvy, an Online Synchronous/Asynchronous Psychoeducation Program for Family Caregivers of Persons Living with Dementia.

Background and ObjectivesFamily caregivers will grow in number as dementia prevalence increases, underscoring the continued importance of equipping these individuals for their new roles and ameliorating the adverse effects of caregiving.Research Design and MethodsA three-armed, waitlist, randomized trial design tested Tele-Savvy, an online adaptation of a successful in-person psychoeducation program, the Savvy Caregiver. Tele-Savvy is delivered over 43 days to groups of 6–8 caregivers in 7 weekly synchronous sessions accompanied by 36 brief asynchronous video lessons. We enrolled 23 cohorts of 15 eligible caregivers (N = 261), randomized 2:2:1 to active, attention control, and usual care arms. We assessed caregiver psychological well-being and caregiving mastery at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Multilevel linear models assessed outcomes over the 3 time points examined. The trial was slightly truncated, with Data and Safety Monitoring Board approval, because of the apparent confounding psychological effects of coronavirus disease 2019 restrictions.ResultsStudy findings indicate statistically and clinically significant benefits to Tele-Savvy arm caregivers (with moderate to large effect sizes) in the areas of depression, perceived stress, reaction to care recipients’ behaviors, and enhancement of caregiver mastery. Expected benefits for caregiver burden and anxiety were not found.Discussion and ImplicationsFindings attest to program efficacy and the viability of employing distance means to improve family caregivers’ emotional well-being and sense of mastery in the caregiving role over a 6-month period. Next steps entail finding alternate ways to deliver the program to those with connectivity and/or time constraint problems.

The Need Analysis in the Development of Students’ Virtual STEM Project for Science Education

The 21st century learning outcomes emphasize high-order thinking skills and information technology literacy. Using these skills, students can solve problems and think innovatively. Even though it has not been implemented optimally, STEM is a learning approach that is considered to be able to build high-level thinking skills of students. This study is an analysis phase in the development of virtual STEM for learning science. There were 52 respondents who participated in this survey. They are science teacher in Riau and Kepulauan Riau province. A questionnaire was used to identify the extent of respondents 'understanding about STEM and STEM implementation. The questionnaire also identified science teachers’ view of virtual STEM and the availability of computer facilities that support virtual STEM both at school and at students' homes. In this study, we found that some science teachers have already understood STEM but have not yet been implemented in their teaching. Especially for electrical circuit material, a virtual STEM project can be used as an alternative to overcome the problem of time constraints in running a project and is expected to improve the ability to think creatively.

A Time-Critical Investigation of Parameter Tuning in Differential Evolution for Non-Linear Global Optimization

Parameter searching is one of the most important aspects in getting favorable results in optimization problems. It is even more important if the optimization problems are limited by time constraints. In a limited time constraint problems, it is crucial for any algorithms to get the best results or near-optimum results. In a previous study, Differential Evolution (DE) has been found as one of the best performing algorithms under time constraints. As this has help in answering which algorithm that yields results that are near-optimum under a limited time constraint. Hence to further enhance the performance of DE under time constraint evaluation, a throughout parameter searching for population size, mutation constant and f constant have been carried out. CEC 2015 Global Optimization Competition’s 15 scalable test problems are used as test suite for this study. In the previous study the same test suits has been used and the results from DE will be use as the benchmark for this study since it shows the best results among the previous tested algorithms. Eight different populations size are used and they are 10, 30, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, and 500. Each of these populations size will run with mutation constant of 0.1 until 0.9 and from 0.1 until 0.9. It was found that population size 100, Cr = 0.9, F=0.5 outperform the benchmark results. It is also observed from the results that good higher Cr around 0.8 and 0.9 with low F around 0.3 to 0.4 yields good results for DE under time constraints evaluation

Mining Chinese social media UGC: a big-data framework for analyzing Douban movie reviews

Analysis of online user-generated content is receiving attention for its wide applications from both academic researchers and industry stakeholders. In this pilot study, we address common Big Data problems of time constraints and memory costs involved with using standard single-machine hardware and software. A novel Big Data processing framework is proposed to investigate a niche subset of user-generated popular culture content on Douban, a well-known Chinese-language online social network. Huge data samples are harvested via an asynchronous scraping crawler. We also discuss how to manipulate heterogeneous features from raw samples to facilitate analysis of various film details, review comments, and user profiles on Douban with specific regard to a wave of South Korean films (2003–2014), which have increased in popularity among Chinese film fans. In addition, an improved Apriori algorithm based on MapReduce is proposed for content-mining functions. An exploratory simulation of results demonstrates the flexibility and applicability of the proposed framework for extracting relevant information from complex social media data, knowledge which can in turn be extended beyond this niche dataset and used to inform producers and distributors of films, television shows, and other digital media content.

Strategy-based Peer Assistance in EFL Writing: An Alternative to Traditional Peer Correction

Peer correction is one of the ways whereby feedback is provided to language learners, especially in foreign language learning situations where meaning-focused instruction is aided by form-focused activities to accelerate the learning process. However, studies on peer correction show that the problems of the practice are more than its advantages. Based on observation of process-oriented EFL writing classes at the university level, we propose strategy-based peer assistance (SPA) as an alternative to traditional peer correction (TPC). SPA enjoys the benefits of TPC and solves most of the problems inherent in it. SPA fosters cooperative and alleviates the teacher’s task of correcting students’ work. Because it is based on the natural communication strategy of appeal for assistance it is more learner-centered and safeguards against the social, psychological, organization and time constraint problems from which TPC suffers. Hence, TPC should be abandoned in favor of SPA.

농업인의 시간제약과 시간관리에 관한 인식 분석

This study aimed to provide an efficient time management scheme for farmers by analysing how they experience time constraints in spending their time and understand time management. Firstly, farmers found that they didn't have enough time for farm keeping as a result of house work obligations. It was caused by excessive time for agricultural work. Thus, 93.7% of respondents recognized that ‘they were pressed for time' because there is relatively less time to spend for socio-cultural and physiological matters. In addition, 83.0% responded that they felt the pressure of something. Respondents who were in forties reduced their sleeping hours due to lack of time. The majority of people who were in the farmhouse doing controlled horticulture cannot enjoy their own time for leisure owing to a lack of time. Secondly, respondents under thirty-nine years of age were solving the problems of time constraints as prioritizing matters, planning handling time and utilizing household instruments. On the other hand, respondents who were in forties found the solution by reflecting on their conduct toward a time consumption plan, self-evaluation and received help from their family and/or neighbors. A group of respondents who had already graduated from college or higher education often reflected on their conduct and self-evaluated. Respondants who participatied in farmhouse controlled horticulture, generally took turns in managing their house work. For reducing farmers' time constraints and managing their time efficiently, they should standardize matters done repeatedly and also manage time by dividing work among family members. Furthermore, if a long-term time scheme such as more than a month is established and practiced, time constraints may be somewhat solved.

Timing Control of Switched Systems with Applications to Robotic Marionettes

We present an optimal timing control formulation for the problem of controlling autonomous puppets. In particular, by appropriately timing the different movements, entire plays can be performed. Such plays are produced by concatenating sequences of motion primitives and a compiler optimizes these sequences, using recent results in optimal switch-time control. Additionally, we apply saddle-point techniques to approach the problem of timing constraints among interconnected puppets. Experimental results illustrate the operation of the proposed methods.

CAPACITY DETERMINATION MODEL WITH TIME CONSTRAINTS AND BATCH PROCESSING IN SEMICONDUCTOR WAFER FABRICATION

ABSTRACT Recently, wafer fabrication has become more complicated and lengthened the product queue time. To ensure final product yield, engineers need to set up queue time limits for particular machines during wafer processing; we name it as “time constraints”. Time constraint problems are more serious when the time constraint is short, process is reentrant and batching. Generally, batch processing in wafer fabrication is matching these characteristics. To eradicate difficulties with time constraints and batching process, capacity planning must be addressed. This paper applied GI/G/m queuing theory to develop a capacity determination model for batch processing machines. The batching behavior is considered and taken as a factor to modify the mean and squared coefficient of variation of arrive rate in this model. By this queuing network model, the expected waiting time between machines in production systems can be estimated. Managers can also determine the capacity through the setting of expected rate of over time constraints. Furthermore, a checking table is derived for different utilizations, time constraints, and the probability of expected waiting time over time constraints. The approximate performance measures are compared with discrete-event simulation. The result shows the effectiveness of the proposed model and demonstrates that it is superior to the current planning method.

OUTSTANDING SCIENTIST OF THE YEAR 2006: Rogel Patawaran, BS

Rogel Patawaran is cofounder of iQSecure Solutions, Inc., a secure web mail company, which began in 2002 and is currently based in Santa Monica, California. Its unique service enables hospitals, clinics, and doctors' offices the opportunity to have secure web-based video and telephone conferencing by simply switching online services offered by this innovative company. In addition, he is cofounder of AuthoTecq, based in Long Beach, California, and inventor of the AuthoTecq system in 1999. The AuthoTecq system is an online credit card processing company. Rogel Patawaran sought to remedy one of the problems facing users of internet transactions. Because internet merchants act as their own gateway for financial transactions, they have been storing credit card numbers in their own databases, thereby failing to address the necessary security provisions involved in the storage of such sensitive information. AuthoTecq removes this responsibility from the merchant by processing financial transactions on behalf of the merchants. Its system dramatically reduces credit card theft, and thereby decreases the amount of credit card fraud. In his landmark book Saving Lives & Saving Money, Newt Gingrich, former Speaker of House of Representatives, describes a new approach to the challenge of creating a better system of personal health and health care for the 21st century, a system that saves lives and saves money. He indicates that you could be visiting a clinic with electronic medical records, electronic laboratory reports, and electronic drug prescriptions. This entirely electronic clinic saves money and lives because it is far more accurate than a paper system. Such clinics exist at the Kaiser Permanente Hospitals, the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, the Cleveland Clinic, many Harvard hospitals, and all Veteran Administration hospitals in the US. He indicates that healthcare is the only industry in America that can give you a disease and then charge you to cure it. He further reports that out of 100 hospital patients, five or six will be the victim of a preventable error. He states that medication errors alone kill 7000 people each year, adding $2 billion to the overall cost of healthcare. He stresses that these 7000 needless deaths are not only unacceptable but un-American as well. During the 1990s, the pharmaceutical industry sought help from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to develop a standard by which a paperless system could be adopted for healthcare. In March of 1997, the FDA issued its final ruling, which established the criteria for which the FDA will recognize the transmission of authenticity within electronic data as well as establishing standards of authenticity for electronic data equivalent to the validity of signatures on paper documents and records. The FDA also recognizes the growth that can be experienced by converting healthcare technology to a paperless system, such as the expediting of patient files in a more organized manner, increasing the speed of file transfer of such documents, reducing prescription errors, enabling computer-generated data analysis and statistics, and reducing storage space. Rogel Patawaran and his colleagues also realized that electronic healthcare technology using the highest standard of data encryption to transfer data could also dramatically improve the safety of patients in our nation and the world. To answer the needs within healthcare technology, Rogel Patawaran created a system for healthcare providers using the most superior encryption methods, and in the process creating iQSolutions, Inc. Its web mail system uses the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) format, which is the strongest known encryption format. PKI is used in combination with the Advance Encryption Standard (AES) digital encryption algorithm, which is the current algorithm used by banks and government agencies, thereby protecting the privacy and accuracy of the information. Rogel Patawaran's remarkable contributions to the encryption process will aid in the number of lives saved as well as helping to avoid medical malpractice by ensuring the accuracy of medical records, as well as reducing the number of medication errors or inappropriate prescriptions being filled. These remarkable accomplishments in patient safety are accomplished at a rapid speed that ensures that data-sensitive patient files can be securely transmitted between and within hospitals. Finally, with the growing need for an electronic system within the medical field, doctors will be able to securely access all such data from anywhere and at any time, thus reducing the age-old problem of time constraints that a paper system presented doctors and hospitals alike. In recognition of Rogel Patawaran's contributions to the medical field through the use of encryption teamed with the transferring of sensitive data such as hospital records, Rogel Patawaran has been selected as the Outstanding Scientist of 2006.

An Integrated Method of Engineering Geological Mapping for Large Foundation Excavations: The Katse Arch Dam Experience, Lesotho Highlands

A method for mapping the steep foundation excavation of the Katse Arch Dam during construction is presented. The method is practical, adaptable and efficient, and field experience confirms that it overcomes problems often encountered with detailed mapping of large, steeply inclined, geometrically complex, foundation surfaces. The method accommodates on-going mapping activities with the progress of excavation and alleviates the problem of time constraints and limited access often experienced on sites. It involves setting out a 5 m-grid pattern of reference points directly on excavation faces as they become exposed. The reference points are then surveyed and located by elevation and the horizontal coordinate system of the project. Each differently orientated cut-slope surface, called a slope element, is treated as a separate entity. The reference points in an element are projected using the Pythagorean theorem onto a base map in the plane of the element, and the geology is then mapped relative to the plotted reference points providing a view that is always normal to a surface of the element. Mapping in the plane of the element permits accurate and detailed spatial location of discontinuities and lithologies as well as the gathering of appropriate geotechnical data needed for a) slope stability evaluations and support requirements, b) assessments of rock mass conditions for founding, and c) optimum orientation of grout holes. Because of the continually increasing expanse of the foundation excavation towards the river section, each slope element is identified based on its position with respect to the river, the dam center line, and 10 m elevation intervals. Slope elements are further divided into sub-elements in order to facilitate the mapping and tabulation of structural and geotechnical information. Entities of mapping completed in this way are then pieced together to produce composite maps to give the final “as built” record for the foundation excavation. A plan-view projection of prominent geologic data shown on the base maps is ultimately prepared, so that geologic contacts and traces of the major discontinuity sets can be presented on a plan view at a smaller scale. Geologic data presented in this way are very useful for slope and dam stability analyses and for designing optimal orientations for drilling during consolidation and curtain grouting operations.

Personal and Situational Influences on Adherence to Mental Skills Training

Adherence to mental-skills training has received little empirical investigation despite the recent growth and development in applied sport psychology services. The present study was designed to identity personal and situational variables influencing adherence to a mental training program. Volunteer athletes (N=34) were given a 4-week educational program before being left to train on their own for an experimental period of 8 weeks. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three treatment intervention conditions (control, written reminders, and group meetings) designed to influence adherence behavior. Results demonstrated the influence of self-motivation in predicting mental-training adherence, but the interventions had no significant effect. Adherence levels were generally low but variable between athletes. Interviews with the athletes indicated the need for individualization of training programs, and problems of time constraints were identified as being influential in the adherence process. Comparable athletes (N—18) who chose not to volunteer for the mental training program were psychometrically tested and demonstrated lower sport motivation than the volunteer athletes but greater skill in concentration.