Thyroiditis Patients Research Articles

6644 Glycosylation Patterns of the IgG Variable Region in Thyroglobulin Antibodies and Their Impact on Antigen Binding Affinity

Abstract Disclosure: S. Wang: None. Y. Cao: None. C. Zhao: None. C. Huang: None. K. Zhao: None. Y. Li: None. Y. Huang: None. Z. Ying: None. Y. Zhang: None. Y. Gao: None. Objective: Thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), key serological markers in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) patients, are predominantly in immunoglobulin G (IgG) form. Prior research has highlighted the importance of increased glycosylation in TgAb IgG from HT patients. This study investigates the unique glycosylation patterns of F(ab')₂ fragments in TgAb IgG in HT patients, compared to healthy individuals. It focuses on how these patterns differ and their impact on binding to thyroglobulin (Tg). Exploring the role of N-glycosylation in the F(ab')₂ segment of TgAb IgG is crucial for understanding its effect on immune responses in HT, potentially unveiling key mechanisms of the disease. Methods: To assess serum TgAb levels in HT patients (n≥28), we used an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, dividing patients into medium-level (mHT, n≥14) and high-level (hHT, n≥14) groups. TgAb IgG was isolated from serum of both HT and control groups (n = 14) using affinity chromatography. TgAb IgG was then cleaved with Ides enzyme to yield TgAb IgG F(ab’)2 and Fc fragments. The F(ab')2 fragment of TgAb IgG underwent MALDI-QIT-TOF-MS mass spectrometry for glycosylation profiling. Additionally, mixed TgAb IgG was separated using columns that recognize mannose and terminal sialic acid, yielding high mannose and high terminal sialic acid TgAb IgG. Different TgAb IgG glycoforms were prepared through enzymatic treatment with peptide-N-glycosidase F, β1-4 galactosidase, and α2-3,6,8 neuraminidase. The binding affinity of these TgAb IgG to Tg antigen was measured using Tg specific ELISA and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Results: Using MALDI-TOF MS, we identified 22 IgG glycan types in both HT and control (Con) groups. In the hHT group, six glycan types (G0F, G1F, G2F, M5A1, A3G1F, A3F) were upregulated compared to Con, with statistical significance (p < 0.05). The mHT group showed increased levels of G1F and G2F compared to Con (p < 0.05). Between hHT and mHT, only A3F was significantly elevated (p < 0.05). Removal of N-glycosylation from IgG TgAb F(ab)2 reduced binding to Tg antigen. Presence of both mannose and terminal sialic acid in TgAb enhanced the binding to Tg. Conclusions: Most TgAb IgG in the variable region of HT patients contain N-glycans. The glycosylation patterns of TgAb IgG F(ab)2 in HT differ significantly from healthy controls, affecting antibody binding affinity. Our findings reveal the complex role of glycosylation patterns in TgAb IgG, providing new insights into HT pathogenesis and potential research directions. Presentation: 6/1/2024

Neutrophil elastase specific fluorescent probe for early diagnosis of thyroiditis via serum sample testing and fluorescence imaging

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) often interfere with early detection due to asymptomatic symptoms and normal thyroid function in routine tests. Developing early diagnostic tools is crucial for timely and accurate treatment, potentially reducing complications and improving patient outcomes. In this study, we developed Ox-NE, a novel fluorescent probe designed for the specific detection and quantification of neutrophil elastase (NE), a key biomarker of inflammation. Unlike the traditional probes, Ox-NE utilizes a unique mechanism that minimizes background fluorescence and enhances photostability, offering rapid, non-invasive, and apparent diagnostic capabilities. Ox-NE had a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.54 μg/mL and exhibited high sensitivity and specificity with strong anti-interference properties. Through in vitro experiments, Ox-NE could accurately detect elevated NE levels in the serum of thyroiditis patients. Additionally, it could differentiate between normal thyroid cells, inflamed thyroid cells, and thyroid cancer cells. It also effectively facilitated the screening of sivelestat, a therapeutic agent for thyroiditis. Successful fluorescence imaging in mouse models further confirmed the potential of Ox-NE in advancing thyroid disease diagnostics.

Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate autoimmune thyroiditis by modulating macrophage phenotypes and through influencing the STING pathway

BackgroundHashimoto's thyroiditis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease with a high prevalence and currently lacks effective treatment options. Previous preclinical and clinical trials have established mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a promising therapeutic approach; however, there is limited research on MSC treatment for Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. MethodsMSCs isolated from 4 to 6-week-old Lewis rats were employed for thyroiditis treatment. The efficacy of MSCs was assessed through histological and serological parameters. Molecular mechanisms of MSC therapy for Hashimoto's thyroiditis were explored by examining macrophage presence within thyroid tissue and relevant pathways. ResultsIn this study, we observed elevated oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress within the thyroid tissue of Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients, and MSC therapy effectively mitigated this process. Furthermore, we found that the therapeutic potential of MSCs in the EAT model depended on the STING pathway. MSCs reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammasome levels within the thyroid tissue by modulating the STING pathway. Additionally, MSCs inhibited the expression of IRE1α in thyroid tissue macrophages, thereby reducing the polarization of M1-type macrophages ConclusionsThe STING pathway appears to be a crucial mechanism by which MSCs modulate macrophage polarization in thyroid tissue, offering a potential treatment for thyroiditis.

Effects of calorie-restricted diet on health state and intestinal flora in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by abnormal elevation in thyroid peroxidase antibody and/or thyroglobulin antibody. In recent decades, HT disease has become more and more widespread. Patients always report multiple symptoms, even though their thyroid hormone levels are kept in normal ranges. However, no treatment exists to effectively reduce the levels of thyroid antibodies. Our study aims to determine whether calorie-restricted diet is helpful in improving health of HT patients. This is a 3-month randomized controlled trial. HT patients will be randomized into a calorie-restricted (CR) group or a calorie-unrestricted control group. All the participants will be instructed to consume a diet that includes a combination of 45-55% calories from carbohydrates, 20-30% from fats, and 15-25% from proteins, according to current Chinese Dietary Guidelines. Participants in CR group need to limit their calories intake equal to their basal energy expenditure, which means that their daily caloric intake will be limited by about 20-30%. The study population is planned to be 66 HT patients aged 18 to 65 years. The primary outcome is change of thyroid antibody levels from baseline. Secondary outcomes include the changes of non-hypothyroid symptoms scores, thyroid function indexes, morphology of thyroid, T lymphocyte subpopulations, inflammatory biomarkers and lipids from baseline to 12 weeks. This trial will have implications for nutrition treatment policy in regard to thyroid antibodies control, immune dysfunction and related non-hypothyroid symptoms improvement among HT patients.

Total Antioxidant Capacity, Salivary Catalase, and Superoxide Dismutase in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Patients

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the common causes of hypothyroidism. Although various factors are involved in its development, recently the role of oxidative stress in its pathogenesis has been known. The present study aimed to investigate the level of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), and salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD) in patients with HT compared with the control group. The present case-control design included patients aged 18-80 years suffering from HT referred to the endocrine clinic. Eligible patients were selected by the available sampling method. Complete unstimulated saliva was collected under a rest state in a comfortable room between 10:00 AM and 12:00 AM and a checklist was used to collect data. The chi-square, t-test, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for data analysis using SPSS 22 software. The mean age of the participants was 36.55±9.37 years (range: 20-56). The two groups were the same in terms of age and gender (P>0.05). The findings indicated that the difference in the means CAT between the two groups was 22.63 which was strongly and statistically significant (P<0.001). In this study, the level of TAC and SOD in Hashimoto's thyroid patients was decreased and the level of CAT was increased. These initial findings show that oxidative stress can be associated with Hashimoto's thyroid disease or the possibility of developing this disease increase.

Hashimoto's Thyroiditis in Diabetic Patients: A Prospective Study in Nasiriyah City

There is a connection between having Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune disease marked by thyroid gland attacks, and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disease marked by elevated blood glucose levels. The purpose of this research was to find out how common type 2 diabetes was in Nasiriyah City, Iraq, among individuals suffering from Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Methods: A study using a retrospective cohort was conducted involving thyroiditis caused by Hashimoto's in 100 patients diagnosed between January 2023 and January 2024 at Al Hussein Teaching Hospital. Patients' medical records were reviewed to extract data on demographics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory results, including HbA1c and fasting blood glucose levels. Confirmation of Based on ELISA data indicating positive anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody levels, Hashimoto's thyroiditis was diagnosed. Results: The prevalence of T2DM among the number of Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients was noticeably greater (45%) compared to the general population prevalence of 15%. the number of Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients was noticeably greater HbA1c and FBG levels compared to those without Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Specifically, an investigation of logistic regression revealed that Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes individually when OR = 4. 2, 95% CI 2. 1-8. 5). In conclusion, the result of the present investigation, it is clear that, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis has a positive relationship with T2DM in Nasiriyah city of Iraq. Hence, early identification and intervention of T2DM in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis should be a routine practice to avoid complications associated with the two diseases.

Evaluation of Dental Anxiety Levels on Oral and Dental Health Quality of Life in Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of anxiety level, dental fear, anxiety on oral health quality of life oral, and dental health in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients. Materials and Methods: Ninety adult individuals were included from Gaziantep University Faculty of Dentistry. All participants were asked about demographic parameters (age, gender), socio-economic status (education, marital status), and oral hygiene habits. The OHIP-14 and OHRQoL-UK questionnaires were used to asses the effect of individuals' oral health on their quality of life. Dental anxiety levels were evaluation with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS). Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0. Result: There were no significant differences for Sociodemographic data, dental habits, age, marital status, educational status, smoking, frequency of brushing tooth, frequency of visiting the dental clinic in OHIP-14, OHRQoL, and MDAS survey scores (p > 0.005). However, there was a statistically moderate positive correlation between the total OHIP-14 scores and the MDAS scores (r = 0.309; p < 0.003). Additionally, a moderate negative correlation was showed between the total OHRQoL and the MDAS scale (r = 0.307; p < 0.003). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study showed that patients' quality of life regarding oral and dental health was low, regardless of individual factors. It was found that dental anxiety was lower in patients with HT, and a significant correlation betwen the quality of life and anxiety level was observed.

Does Thyroidectomy Offer Quality of Life Advantage for Autoimmune Thyroiditis Patients?

Does Thyroidectomy Offer Quality of Life Advantage for Autoimmune Thyroiditis Patients?

Multi-regulatory potency of USP1 on inflammasome components promotes pyroptosis in thyroid follicular cells and contributes to the progression of Hashimoto's thyroiditis

BackgroundInflammatory diseases are often initiated by the activation of inflammasomes triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which mediate pyroptosis. Although pyroptosis resulting from aberrant inflammasome triggering in thyroid follicular cells (TFCs) has been observed in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) patients, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Given the extensive involvement of protein ubiquitination and deubiquitination in inflammatory diseases, we aimed to investigate how deubiquitinating enzymes regulate thyroid follicular cell pyroptosis and HT pathogenesis.MethodsOur study specifically investigated the role of Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 1 (USP1), a deubiquitinase (DUB), in regulating the inflammasome components NLRP3 and AIM2, which are crucial in pyroptosis. We conducted a series of experiments to elucidate the function of USP1 in promoting pyroptosis associated with inflammasomes and the progression of HT. These experiments involved techniques such as USP1 knockdown or inhibition, measurement of key pyroptosis indicators including caspase-1, caspase-1 p20, and GSDMD-N, and examination of the effects of USP1 abrogation on HT using a mouse model. Furthermore, we explored the impact of USP1 on NLRP3 transcription and its potential interaction with p65 nuclear transportation.ResultsOur findings provide compelling evidence indicating that USP1 plays a pivotal role in promoting inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and HT progression by stabilizing NLRP3 and AIM2 through deubiquitination. Furthermore, we discovered that USP1 modulates the transcription of NLRP3 by facilitating p65 nuclear transportation. Knockdown or inhibition of USP1 resulted in weakened cell pyroptosis, as evidenced by reduced levels of caspase-1 p20 and GSDMD-N, which could be restored upon AIM2 overexpression. Remarkably, USP1 abrogation significantly ameliorated HT in the mice model, likely to that treating mice with pyroptosis inhibitors VX-765 and disulfiram.ConclusionsOur study highlights a regulatory mechanism of USP1 on inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in TFCs during HT pathogenesis. These findings expand our understanding of HT and suggest that inhibiting USP1 may be a potential treatment strategy for managing HT.

Exploring serum amino acid signatures as potential biomarkers in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease caused by the immune system attacking healthy tissues. However, the exact pathogenesis of HT remains unclear. Metabolomic analysis was performed to obtain information about the possible pathogenic mechanisms and diagnostic biomarkers of HT. The amino acid profile was analyzed using an LC-MS/MS method using serum samples obtained from 30 patients diagnosed with ultrasonographic imaging and laboratory markers (thyroid stimulating hormone) free thyroxine and thyroid peroxidase) and 30 healthy individuals. There were statistically significant changes in 27 amino acids out of 32 amino acids analyzed (p < 0.05). Based on the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the six amino acid (1-methylhistidine, cystine, norvaline, histidine, glutamic acid and leucine) biomarkers showed high sensitivity, specificity (area under the curve > 0.98), positive likelihood ratio and low negative likelihood ratio. Also, according to pathway analysis, degradation of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis was the highest metabolic pathway according to the impact value (p < 0.001 and impact value = 1.0). We provide serum amino acid profiles of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and identify five potential biomarkers for early diagnosis by clinicians.

Correlation between Gene expression of Long Non-coding RNA (XLOC_I2_006631&amp; ENST00000425150) and Central Obesity Phenotype in Hashimoto&amp;#039;s Thyroiditis Patients.

Correlation between Gene expression of Long Non-coding RNA (XLOC_I2_006631&amp; ENST00000425150) and Central Obesity Phenotype in Hashimoto&amp;#039;s Thyroiditis Patients.

Elevated Cancer-Associated Hyaluronan Correlates With Diagnosis and Lymph Node Metastasis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer

The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) plays an important role in tumor progression. However, its biological and clinical significance in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remains unknown. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine HA expression in tissues from PTC patients. Two PTC cell lines were treated with HA synthesized inhibitor against HA production to assess its function. Serum HA levels from 107 PTC patients, 30 Hashimoto thyroiditis patients, and 45 normal controls (NC) were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. HA levels in fine needle aspiration (FNA) washouts obtained from thyroid nodules and lymph nodes (LNs) were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Area under the curve (AUC) was computed to evaluate HA’s clinical value. HA was highly expressed in PTC. Reducing HA production significantly inhibited PTC cell proliferation and invasion. Importantly, serum HA levels in PTC were significantly higher than those in NCs and Hashimoto thyroiditis and allowed distinguishing of thyroid cancers from NCs with high accuracy (AUC = 0.782). Moreover, elevated serum HA levels in PTC correlate with LN metastasis. HA levels in FNA washouts from PTC patients were significantly higher than those in benign controls, with a high AUC value (0.8644) for distinguishing PTC from benign controls. Furthermore, HA levels in FNA washouts from metastatic LN were significantly higher than those in nonmetastatic LN, with a high AUC value (0.8007) for distinguishing metastatic LNs from nonmetastatic LNs. HA levels in serum and FNA washout exhibited a potential significance for PTC diagnosis and an indicator for LN metastasis in patients with PTC.

Detection of TPO antibody and TFT among Thyroiditis patients in Thi-Qar Governorate, Iraq

Thyroiditis is a general term that refers to thyroid gland inflammation. The present research was conducted to identify the role of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) in Thyroiditis patients and assaying the levels of thyroid function tests (TFT), which include levels of serum triiodothyronine hormone (T3), thyroxin hormone (T4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). A total of 86 serum samples (76 thyroiditis patients and 10 controls) from August 2023 to November 2023, at Al-Haboby Teaching Hospital and some private clinics in Thi-Qar Governorate were enrolled in the present study. The sandwich-ELISA technique assayed the levels of TPO-Ab, and the levels of (TFT) T3,T4, and TSH by using a competitive binding assay. Thyroiditis patients were divided into hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism type with 47(61.84%) and 29(38.16%) patients, respectively (P≤0.05). Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism groups showed elevated mean serum levels of TPO-Ab (29.78%) and (20.68%) for members of each group separately, with a mean of (478.8) and (1070), respectively. While the mean of TPO-Ab in the control group was (319.5). The means of TFT in hypothyroidism group for T3,T4 and TSH were (0.9215), (5.402), and (22.86), respectively. The means of TFT in hyperthyroidism group for T3,T4 and TSH were (1.003), (7.409) and (0.3893), respectively, compared to the control. The mean of TFT for T3,T4 and TSH was (0.781), (7.374), and (1.603), respectively.

Integrated analysis of single-cell data on role of NKG7high CD8+ Teff cells in driving immune-related adverse events.

e24114 Background: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) frequently occur during immunotherapy and can impact various organ systems, which dampen the clinical outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, the precise immune hallmarks associated with irAEs remain further explored. Methods: We collected public (Bukhari et al., Zhu et al., Su et al., and Ma et al.) and our own scRNA-seq data across patients with different irAE types or without irAEs. By comparing T cell compositions between irAE and no-irAE patients, the subcluster correlated with the occurrence of irAE was identified. Subsequently, the integrated analyses were performed to explore its mechanisms in driving irAEs in both peripheral blood and local tissues. Results: Compared to no-irAE patients, a subcluster of effector T (Teff) cells was observed to increase notably in the peripheral blood of irAE patients during immunotherapy. This specific subcluster, named "NKG7high CD8+ Teff cells," was characterized by the significant expression of effector genes such as GZMH, CCL5, and especially NKG7. In contrast to other CD8+ T cells, the NKG7high CD8+ Teff cells exhibited stronger cytotoxicity functions, increased exosome secretion, and enhanced MIF-CD74 interaction with monocytes, which suggests the mechanistic link between its increased infiltration and the development of irAEs. Further investigation showed these characteristics were more remarkable in NKG7high CD8+ Teff from irAE patients than no-irAE patients. Subsequently, the increase of NKG7high CD8+ Teff during immunotherapy was validated in our own scRNA from immune thyroiditis patients, which was not observed in no-irAE patients. Across various irAE types, NKG7high CD8+ Teff subsets, along with their NKG7 expression, demonstrated heightened infiltration and expression in immune-related arthritis and myocarditis samples. After investigating the role of NKG7high CD8+ Teff in peripheral blood, we focused on its distribution and roles in local irAE tissue. NKG7high CD8+ Teff cells accumulated in immune-related thyroiditis tissues, and recruited macrophages through the IFNG and CSF1 signaling pathways, thereby inducing an immune overreaction. Meanwhile, in immune-related myocarditis mice heart tissues, NKG7high CD8+ Teff cells could interact with macrophages via the SPP1 signaling pathway and cause endothelial cell damage through the FASL-FAS pathway. Conclusions: This comprehensive study revealed the intricate mechanisms of NKG7high CD8+ Teff in inducing irAEs, providing valuable insights into their roles and potential implications in irAE treatment.

A machine learning-based diagnosis modeling of IgG4 Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

This study aims to develop a non-invasive diagnosis model using machine learning (ML) for identifying high-risk IgG4 Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) patients. A retrospective cohort of 93 HT patients and a prospective cohort of 179 HT patients were collected. According to the immunohistochemical and pathological results, the patients were divided into IgG4 HT group and non-IgG4 HT group. Serum TgAb IgG4 and TPOAb IgG4 were detected by ELISAs. A logistic regression model, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) were used to establish a clinical diagnosis model for IgG4 HT. Among these 272 patients, 40 (14.7%) were diagnosed with IgG4 HT. Patients with IgG4 HT were younger than those with non-IgG4 HT (P < 0.05). Serum levels of TgAb IgG4 and TPOAb IgG4 in IgG4 HT group were significantly higher than those in non-IgG4 HT group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in gender, disease duration, goiter, preoperative thyroid function status, preoperative TgAb or TPOAb levels, and thyroid ultrasound characteristics between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 57%, 78%, and 79% for logistic regression model of IgG4 HT, 80 ± 7%, 84.7% ± 2.6%, and 75.4% ± 9.6% for the RF model and 78 ± 5%, 89.8% ± 5.7%, and 64.7% ± 5.7% for the SVM model. The RF model works better than SVM. The area under the ROC curve of RF ranged 0.87 to 0.92. A clinical diagnosis model for IgG4 HT established by RF model might help the early recognition of the high-risk patients of IgG4 HT.

The Importance of Nutrigenetics and Microbiota in Personalized Medicine: From Phenotype to Genotype.

Background After the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003, the impact of genetic variations among people on human health was better understood. Precision medicine, also called 4P (Predictive, Preventive, Personalized, Participatory) medicine, is used to determine personal health risks, prevent, diagnose, and treat chronic diseases, and aims to identify the phenotypic, genotypic, and environmental factors that affect individual health risks instead of applying the same approach to everyone. Methods The study was conducted with 24 patients aged between 7 and 57. The patient group was selected from individuals who had undergone genetic and microbiota testing at Epigenetic Coaching Company. The patients' age, gender, and health status were documented. Genomic analysis of buccal samples was subsequently conducted using a custom Infinium HTS iSelect microarray on an Illumina iScan instrument, and microbiota metagenome analysis was performed using an Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Biruni University Molecular Biology and Genetics Ethics Committee, with the decision number 2023/78-03. Results The genotypes of 19 cases carrying genetic variants involved in the metabolism of Vitamin D, Folate, B12, and Choline were analyzed. Eight of the cases were included in our study as autism patients, eight as allergy patients, and three as autoimmune thyroiditis patients. The Vitamin D receptor (VDR) genetic variants and microbiota diversity (using the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio, an indicator of dysbiosis) of 11 cases (9 allergy and two autism patients) participating in the study were evaluated together. Conclusions Translating nutrigenetic and nutrigenomic research into multidisciplinary clinical practice is the most challenging aspect. It is now evident that integrating data regarding phenotype and genotype, and using nutrition, lifestyle, and supplements tailored to an individual's genetics can increase clinical success. Importantly, if we wish to adopt an epigenomic approach, we must incorporate analyses of nutrigenetics, microbiota, and personalized risk based on test results.

Evaluation of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Euthyroid Hashimoto's Thyroiditis under Long-Term Levothyroxine Therapy: A Prospective Case-Control Study.

Objectives: To investigate quality of life using the SF-12 scale in euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients on levothyroxine therapy for at least three years. Methods: This prospective case-control study included 44 euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients and 44 matched controls, conducted at a university hospital's endocrinology clinic from 6 November to 30 December 2023. Participants completed the SF-12 questionnaire; data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Yates chi-squared, and Spearman's tests. Results: The study involved 88 participants (Hashimoto's group: 35 females, 9 males; control group: 31 females, 13 males), with average ages of 49.50 and 47.43 years old, respectively. Significant differences were observed in TSH, T4 levels, and family history (p < 0.05). The Hashimoto's thyroiditis group showed higher thyroid peroxidase antibodies (95.69 IU/mL) and lower scores on both physical and mental sub-dimensions of SF-12, with a significant difference in physical scores (p < 0.05). Significant correlations were found between age and Anti-TG; Anti-TPO and Anti-TG; BMI and T3; TSH and T4; HDL and triglycerides; MCS-12 and PCS-12; Anti-TPO and T3; cholesterol and T3; and LDL and cholesterol (p < 0.05). Other variables showed no significant correlations (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our study shows that effective control of hypothyroidism is not sufficient to reduce the negative effects of Hashimoto's thyroiditis on patients' health-related quality of life. Beyond the normalization of hormone levels, comprehensive therapeutic strategies targeting the autoimmune aspects of the disease are essential for the management of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. This study provides a foundation for developing effective therapies that can enhance quality of life for patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Expression of circular RNAs ERN1, EYA1, and AKNAD1in Hashimoto Thyroiditis Patients

Expression of circular RNAs ERN1, EYA1, and AKNAD1in Hashimoto Thyroiditis Patients

Chronic hashimoto's thyroiditis in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma- a case-control retrospective study

Chronic hashimoto's thyroiditis in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma- a case-control retrospective study

Researching of the relationship between the numberof t regulatory cells and serum arachidonic acid level in autoimmune thyroiditis patients

Researching of the relationship between the numberof t regulatory cells and serum arachidonic acid level in autoimmune thyroiditis patients