Thyroid Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Research Articles

A Case of Primary Thyroid Maltoma

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas comprise 7.6% of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs) and they are recently recognized B-cell subset of NHLs. They are originated from gastrointestinal tract most frequently but may also occur in other organs including head and neck, lung, skin, thyroid and breast. Primary thyroid lymphomas (PTLs) constitute up to 5% of all thyroid malignancies. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is most common type of PTLs and MALT lymphoma is relatively rare subtype of PTLs. Thyroid MALToma arises in chronic inflammatory conditions with autoimmune or infectious etiologies. The optimal treatment regimen still remains controversial. However, It is reported that localized thyroid MALT lymphoma has excellent survival rate after surgical resection alone. We report a case of 48-years-old woman with primary thyroid MALToma.

Role of Surgery in Patients with Stage IE Primary Thyroid MALT Lymphoma Staged by a Modified Classification System: The Tokyo Classification.

To establish the appropriate staging system and assess the role of curative thyroidectomy alone (Surgery) vs. involved-site radiation therapy after open biopsy (OB-ISRT) in stage IE mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. We examined the Tokyo Classification as a modified classification. This retrospective cohort study included 256 patients with thyroid MALT lymphoma; 137 underwent standard therapy (i.e., OB-ISRT) and were enrolled for the Tokyo classification. Sixty stage IE patients with the same diagnosis were examined to compare Surgery with OB-ISRT. Overall survival (p = 0.0092) and relapse-free survival (0.00113) were significantly better in stage IE vs. stage IIE under the Tokyo classification. No OB-ISRT and Surgery patients died, but three OB-ISRT patients relapsed. The incidence of permanent complications was 28% in OB-ISRT (mainly dry mouth) and 0% in Surgery (p = 0.027). The number of painkiller prescription days was significantly greater in OB-ISRT (p < 0.001). During follow-up, the rate of the new appearance/change of the low-density area in the thyroid gland was significantly higher in OB-ISRT (p = 0.031). The Tokyo classification allows an appropriate discrimination between stages IE and IIE MALT lymphoma. Surgery can provide a good prognosis in stage IE cases; it also avoids complications, shortens painful periods during treatment, and simplifies ultrasound follow-up.

The usefulness of serial ultrasound in thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is an extranodal lymphoma with an indolent natural course. The thyroid gland is an uncommon site of involvement. We aimed to investigate serial ultrasound features and the disease progression during the clinical course of thyroid MALT lymphoma. We searched our hospital's pathology database (5,418 patients with thyroid malignancy) between January 2000 and July 2022. The medical records and serial ultrasounds of 11 patients with 12 thyroid MALT lymphoma foci were analyzed retrospectively. An enlarging neck mass, dyspnea, B symptoms, and neck lymphadenopathy were seen at diagnosis in 9 (9/11, 81.8%), 3 (3/11, 27.3%), 2 (2/11, 18.2%), and 9 (9/11, 81.8%) cases, respectively. Eleven cases were concomitant Hashimoto thyroiditis. Common ultrasound features included bilateral or unilateral asymmetric goiter or large, solid, and very hypoechoic nodules (11/12, 91.7%) interspersed with linear, reticular hyperechoic, and enhanced posterior echoes (11/12, 91.7%), and neck lymph node involvement (10/11, 90.9%). The Thyroid Imaging and Reporting Data System (TIRADS) categories showed higher diagnostic accuracy (11/12, 91.7%) than real-time ultrasound (2/12, 16.7%) in evaluating thyroid lesions for recommendation of fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Serial ultrasound showed self-limiting changes in three cases, relapse in three cases after subtotal thyroidectomy and chemotherapy, large cell transformation (LCT) in one case after left lobectomy, partial remission in one case, and complete remission after chemo/radiation in four cases; progression to enlarged thyroid nodules occurred in three cases without treatment, with no obvious change observed after diagnosis. Three patients died during follow-up. On sonograms, solid large thyroid nodules or goiter with very hypoechoic and enhanced posterior echoes in the setting of Hashimoto thyroiditis should raise suspicion for MALT lymphoma. TIRADS categories can improve the ultrasound diagnostic efficacy for malignancy. Serial ultrasound examinations demonstrated self-limiting and indolent natures of thyroid MALTlymphoma.

The Distinctive Nature of Thyroid MALT Lymphomas Including IRTA1 Expression.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas often express IgM and IRTA1 with only a minority demonstrating plasmacytic differentiation. However, like primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoproliferative disorders (PCMZLPD), thyroid MALT lymphomas (T-MALT-L) frequently show plasmacytic differentiation and IgG positivity. Whether T-MALT-L share other features with PCMZLPD, including frequent IgG4 positivity and infrequent IRTA1 expression, and how IRTA1 staining compares to that in Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) are unknown. Therefore, the clinicopathologic features of 18 T-MALT-L were assessed, and their IRTA1 expression compared with that in 5 HT cases. All T-MALT-L cases included a B-lymphoid component. Plasmacytic differentiation was present in 15 cases and was extensive in 12. Fourteen cases were IgG+ including 2 IgG4+ (12 κ+, 2 κ-/λ-). One case was IgAλ+. Plasmacytic cells were uniformly CD19+/CD56- but CD138- in 7/15 cases. IRTA1+ cells were present in 16/16 cases, ranging from scattered cells to >50%. They were often concentrated in "MALT ball"-type lymphoepithelial lesions, perifollicular regions, and sometimes in germinal centers. IRTA1 positivity was also present in all HT cases, although it was never very extensive and often had a perifollicular distribution, occasionally with sparse aggregates and positive cells within rare thyroid follicles. Thus, T-MALT-L share some features with PCMZLPD but are more similar to noncutaneous MALT lymphomas, with prominent lymphoepithelial lesions, ubiquitous although variable IRTA1 positivity, and infrequent IgG4 positivity. Plasmacytic differentiation is also common although CD138 loss is frequent and light chain staining may be absent. IRTA1 staining may help in the differential diagnosis with HT, although there is some overlap in staining patterns.

Thyroid MALT lymphoma: self-harm to gain potential T-cell help

The development of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is driven by chronic inflammatory responses and acquired genetic changes. To investigate its genetic bases, we performed targeted sequencing of 93 genes in 131 MALT lymphomas including 76 from the thyroid. We found frequent deleterious mutations of TET2 (86%), CD274 (53%), TNFRSF14 (53%), and TNFAIP3 (30%) in thyroid MALT lymphoma. CD274 was also frequently deleted, together with mutation seen in 68% of cases. There was a significant association between CD274 mutation/deletion and TNFRSF14 mutation (p = 0.001). CD274 (PD-L1) and TNFRSF14 are ligands for the co-inhibitory receptor PD1 and BTLA on T-helper cells, respectively, their inactivation may free T-cell activities, promoting their help to malignant B-cells. In support of this, both the proportion of activated T-cells (CD4+CD69+/CD4+) within the proximity of malignant B-cells, and the level of transformed blasts were significantly higher in cases with CD274/TNFRSF14 genetic abnormalities than those without these changes. Both CD274 and TNFRSF14 genetic changes were significantly associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (p = 0.01, p = 0.04, respectively), and CD274 mutation/deletion additionally associated with increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.0001). In conclusion, CD274/TNFRSF14 inactivation in thyroid MALT lymphoma B-cells may deregulate their interaction with T-cells, promoting co-stimulations and impairing peripheral tolerance.

Cytodiagnosis of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of thyroid gland: An extremely rare presentation in a young female

Thyroid lymphoma, a rare tumor, constitutes about 1%–5% of all thyroid malignancies and 1%–2% of all extranodal lymphomas. The thyroid gland contains no native lymphoid tissue and is seen only in various pathological conditions such as primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL). PTL is more common in women than men (3:1 predominance) with a peak incidence in the sixth and seventh decades. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of thyroid is one of the rare variants. Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's disease) has been associated with an increased risk of lymphoma, including MALT lymphoma. Here, we report a case of a 38-year-old female who presented with rapidly progressive swelling on the right side of the neck for previous 3 months. No history suggestive of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism was present. Ultrasonography showed enlarged thyroid gland with hypoechoic echotexture and multiple echogenic septations. Fine-needle aspiration cytology revealed features suggestive of MALT lymphoma. The swelling was operated, and subsequent histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis. Thereafter, the patient was treated by radiotherapy. However, after 6 months' follow-up, there was a recurrence of the tumor. Then, combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone regime and rituximab was started, and the patient was free of recurrence at the next 12-month follow-up. Here, we report a very rare case of MALT lymphoma of Thyroid occurring in a young female with no known history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The tumor recurred after radiotherapy treatment and was successfully treated with subsequent chemotherapy.

Long-Term Outcomes of 107 Cases of Primary Thyroid Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma at a Single Medical Institution in Japan.

Thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a type of extranodal lymphoma with a favorable prognosis. To provide information on long-term outcomes that would facilitate establishment of the optimal management strategy for thyroid lymphoma. Medical records of 107 patients (median age 67 years, 20 males, 87 females) who were diagnosed with localized thyroid MALT lymphoma stage IE or IIE at Ito Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Overall and event-free survival (EFS). Initial treatments included radiation therapy (RT) alone (n = 58), combined modality therapy (CMT) (n = 48), or chemotherapy alone (n = 1). All 107 patients responded to the treatment, six of whom experienced relapse. Only one patient died of lymphoma. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and EFS rates were 94% [95% confidence interval (CI), 87% to 97%] and 92% (95% CI, 85% to 95%), respectively, and the 10-year OS and EFS rates were 91% (95% CI, 83% to 95%) and 84% (95% CI, 74% to 90%), respectively. Of the 106 patients with information available on adverse events, 71 patients (67%) developed hypothyroidism after primary thyroid lymphoma treatment. The CMT group showed additional chemotherapy-induced adverse reactions in the form of neutropenia, neuropathy, constipation, and pneumonia. The 5-year OS rates of patients treated with CMT and RT were 93% (95% CI, 81% to 98%) and 94% (95% CI, 84% to 98%), respectively. Long-term outcomes of localized thyroid MALT lymphoma are favorable with all initial treatment modalities.

Coexistence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma With Thyroid MALT Lymphoma in a Patient With Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid neoplasias; however, primary thyroid gland lymphoma (PTL) is uncommon and their simultaneous occurrence is very rare.Herein, we reported a 25-year-old female patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), who developed a small goiter with a palpable 1.2-cm nodule in the right lobe. A fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy revealed atypical follicular epithelial cells and lymphoid cells in a background of lymphocytic thyroiditis. A total thyroidectomy was performed. The pathology showed multicentric papillary thyroid carcinoma, concomitant thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Postoperatively, he received chemotherapy and radioactive iodine ablation treatment. Nowadays the thyroglobulin of the patient is undetectable, without recurrences at 2 years of follow-up.It is concluded that the PTC and MALT lymphoma can exist concomitantly, especially in patients with HT. For the diagnostic workup and optional management of this rare coexistence, a multidisciplinary approach and close surveillance are needed.

Cytological Findings for the Diagnosis of Primary Thyroid Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma by Fine Needle Aspiration

Objective: We examined cytological findings for the diagnosis of primary thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma by fine needle aspiration. Study Design: During the study period of 4 years, a total of 101 cases including 51 MALT lymphomas, 20 Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and 30 diffuse large-cell B-cell lymphomas were cytologically examined. MALT lymphomas were divided into 44 common MALT and 7 MALT lymphomas with extreme plasmacytic differentiation (MALT-EPCD). Results: (1) Small- to medium-sized cells displaying irregularly shaped nuclei with prominent nucleoli (ISN-PN) were neoplastic cells. (2) In the case of a frequency of plasma cells (PC) below 15%, the accuracy rate for distinguishing common MALT from HT was 97% for ISN-PN cell frequencies above 20% in combination with the presence of lymphoepithelial lesion clusters (LELC) and mountain range-like clusters (MRLC). The frequency of large-sized cells was below 15% in common MALT. (3) In the case of a frequency of PC above 15%, cases with a sum of PC and ISN-PN cells above 30% were MALT-EPCD. (4) MRLC were cell clusters derived from regions of follicular colonization, and LELC were cell clusters from lymphoepithelial lesions of MALT lymphomas. Conclusion: Useful cytological criteria for the diagnosis of thyroid primary MALT lymphoma, such as neoplastic cells and cell clusters, were defined.

A Rare Case of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoma of the Colon

Case Report: A 73-year-old man presented to the emergency room with complains of bright red per rectum associated with lower abdominal pain. He had generalized weakness with decreased oral intake for 1 month prior to admission. Physical exam was significant for mild tenderness to palpation in the right upper abdomen with no guarding and rebound tenderness. On colonoscopy, there was a 2-cm polypoid fold at the hepatic flexure. Biopsy of the lesion showed mixed lymphoid infiltrate consisting of atypical lymphoid cells with pale cytoplasm and irregular nuclei. Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD 20 and negative for CD 5 and cyclin D1, confirming the diagnosis of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma. The tumor was resected on subsequent colonoscopy. Discussion: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is present in the bowel as Payer’s patches. Interestingly, the most common site of presentation of gastrointestinal MALT lymphomas is the stomach, which is devoid of Payer’s patches. Chronic infection with H. pylori causes development of MALT lymphomas in the stomach. Colonic MALT lymphomas are very rare, accounting for 2.5% of the total gastrointestinal MALT lymphomas; their association with H. pylori infection is not clear. The diagnosis of MALT lymphoma is made by histopathology. An estimated 65% of the cases have reported cure of gastric MALT lymphomas after eradication of H. pylori bacteria in the stomach. Because of low incidence, the treatment of MALT lymphomas of the colon is still not well defined. Surgery has been shown to be the treatment of choice for localized lesions. However, MALT lymphomas have shown a propensity to remain localized and be confined to the regional lymph nodes for a long time, which raises the question whether surgery with its associated risks is appropriate. Another alternative is radiotherapy, which has shown to provide 99% response rate in both gastric and thyroid MALT lymphomas. Close follow-up is required for colonic MALT lymphoma because of limited knowledge on recurrence and prognosis. The gross appearance of lymphoma on colonoscopy also varies considerably and we would recommend biopsies of any abnormal mucosal lesion noted on surveillance colonoscopy.Figure 1

Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid cancer

d a t t O b b u c r The relationship between chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) thyroid lymphoma is well known.1 By contrast, its relationship to thyroid follicular epithelium cancer, such as papillary carcinoma, has been for a long time and continues to be controversial, because the concept of chronic inflammation leading to neoplasm is also well established in other tissues. Coexistence of chronic thyroiditis and differentiated thyroid carcinoma is a real clinical situation whose significance is still unknown2; in addition, thyroiditis itself may sometimes be associated to both papillary thyroid carcinoma and MALT lymphoma.3 The first difficulty lies is that the criteria for defining autoimmune thyroiditis are quite heterogeneous, as are the patient groups studied, which may be surgical series or cytological studies with no subsequent surgery. Differentiation between chronic thyroiditis as a nosological entity and lymphocyte infiltration may be another confounding factor. In this regard, such infiltration represents that the immune system, through lymphocytes, could locate the tumor, and thus prevent recurrence. This potential mechanism has led to consider immunotherapy in advanced thyroid cancer, as there would be a generalized immune defect, and a response to cancer could be triggered by tumor cells or specific tumor antigens. An alternative explanation to lymphocyte infiltration is that the tumor itself acts locally, triggering a

Primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the thyroid with concomitant papillary carcinoma

AbstractObjectivePapillary thyroid carcinoma combined with thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is exceedingly rare and there is no standard management.Case reportWe report a rare association of MALT lymphoma of thyroid in a 60-year-old woman with Hashimoto's thyroiditis along with an incidental focus of papillary carcinoma.ConclusionPatients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis are prone to develop other thyroid pathology, including rare tumours such as MALT lymphoma. The differential diagnosis for a neoplasm in such patients should be wide.

Primary thyroid lymphoma: mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma case

Primary thyroid lymphomas are lymphomas which are localized only to thyroid gland or thyroid gland and surrounding lymph nodes. Frequently these are mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas with B cell origin. Our case is a 78-year-old female patient who admitted with a neck mass and had been operated with the suspicion of malignancy. Histopathological examination revealed diffuse proliferation of atypical lymphoid cells that consists of small to medium sized cells, with irregular nuclear contours, some of which resemble centrocytes. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for CD20, CD79alpha, CD43, and lambda while negative for CD3, CD30, CD15, bcl-2, bcl-6, CD68, CD138, CD5, and CD10. With these finding, the case was considered as “primary thyroid MALT lymphoma”. Thyroid MALT lymphomas are characterized with the presence of atypical lymphocytes that originate from the marginal zones of lymhoid follicles. Immunohistochemically, while these lymphomas express the B cell associated antibodies (CD20, CD22, CD79a), conversely CD5, CD10, and CD3 expressions are not seen.

Cytologic findings and differential diagnoses of primary thyroid MALT lymphoma with striking plasma cell differentiation and amyloid deposition

We report two cases of thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma with associated amyloid protein deposition. While other primary thyroid neoplasms sush as medullary carcinoma and plasmacytoma with associated amyloid protein are known to occur and have been previously described by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), to our knowledge, the current cases are the first of thyroid MALT lymphoma with amyloid deposition to be detailed in the cytopathology literature. Case 1 was a 73-year-old female with chronic thyroiditis. FNAC suspected MALT lymphoma. The amyloid material was not noticed, nevertheless it existed. Case 2 was a 71-year-old female with a nodule of the thyroid. Malignant lymphoma and medullary carcinoma were suspected by FNAC. The possibility of medullary carcinoma was excluded by a measurement of serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen. After follow-up for two years, the nodule was diagnosed as MALT lymphoma associated with plasma cell differentiation and amyloidosis by the fourth FNAC. When we encounter small round cell tumors associated with amyloid in thyroid FNAC, we should consider not only medullary carcinoma but also MALT lymphoma.

Primary Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Thyroid Lymphoma: A Rare Thyroid Neoplasm of Extrathyroid Origin

Primary thyroid lymphoma is a rare malignancy, representing 2–8% of all thyroid malignancies and 1–2% of all extranodal lymphomas. The majority of cases concern non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of B cell origin, following by Hodgkin's disease, T cell lymphomas and rarely marginal zone B-cell mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas. MALT lymphomas have been associated with long-standing autoimmune Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We present the case of a 44-years-old woman with thyroid MALT lymphoma in the background of multinodular goiter of autoimmune origin.

Characterization of chromosomal aberrations in thymic MALT lymphoma

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma arising in the thymus is a rare disorder that shows a strong association with autoimmune disease. Several MALT-lymphoma-specific and -associated chromosomal abnormalities, including t(11;18), t(14;18), t(1;14), trisomy 3 and trisomy 18, are known to occur. The former translocation results in apoptosis inhibitor 2 gene (API2)-MALT lymphoma-associated translocation 1 (MALT1) fusion. In this study, we examined 14 cases of thymic MALT lymphomas for API2-MALT1 fusion using multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and looked for trisomy 3, trisomy 18 and abnormalities of MALT1 and IGH genes using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Thymic MALT lymphoma cases had a high frequency of trisomy 3 (7/14 cases), a very low incidence of trisomy 18 (1/14) and no detectable MALT1-associated (0/13) or IGH-associated (0/13) gene abnormalities including t(11;18). A review of the literature showed that the pattern of chromosomal aberrations in thymic MALT lymphoma was similar to those of thyroid and salivary gland MALT lymphomas. Although frequently detected, trisomy 3 was not associated with any of the clinicopathological factors analyzed, suggesting that trisomy 3 may play a role in lymphoma development. In conclusion, the present study showed that thymic MALT lymphoma has a characteristic pattern of chromosomal aberrations that may be similar to those of other autoimmune-associated MALT lymphomas.

Primary thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma; a clinicopathological study of seven cases

PurposePrimary thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a very rare subgroup of thyroid lymphoma, accounting for about 6 to 28% of all primary thyroid lymphomas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes.MethodsWe identified seven patients with thyroid MALT lymphoma who were treated between January 1997 and December 2007, and reviewed their clinicopathological features and follow-up outcomes.ResultsThere were five female and two male patients, and their mean age was 73 years. All patients presented with palpable neck mass. Two patients had hoarseness and dyspnea. All patients had a history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with a mean of 175 months. Malignant lymphoma was suspected in only three patients using core needle biopsy. Four patients underwent thyroidectomy in the absence of preoperative pathologic confirmation, and histologic diagnosis was obtained after surgery. As initial treatment, complete surgical resection was performed in five patients, radiotherapy in one, and a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in one. Six patients were alive for the mean follow-up period of 66 months and one patient died of unrelated causes. There were neither recurrences nor disease-specific mortalities.ConclusionWhen primary thyroid MALT lymphoma occurs in the thyroid or is confined to the neck, it responds well to local treatment such as surgical resection and external beam radiation therapy.

Cytologic findings of primary thyroid MALT lymphoma with extreme plasma cell differentiation: FNA cytology of two cases

We report fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) obtained from two cases of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma with extreme plasma cell differentiation. The patients were 61-year-old and 69-year-old Japanese women presenting with thyroid swelling. The smears contained numerous plasma cells, lymphocytes with plasma cell differentiation and scattered centrocyte-like (CCL) cells. In addition, one case demonstrated occasional atypical giant plasma cells. Occasional intranuclear inclusions (Dutcher bodies) of the plasma cells were observed in the other case. A few cytologic lymphoepithelial lesions-clusters (originating from lymphoepithelial lesions in histology) were also observed in one case. Plasma cells occupied approximately 10% in all of the lymphoid populations in FNAC specimens of Hashimoto thyroiditis, whereas, both cases demonstrated approximately 45% plasma cells and lymphocytes with plasma cell differentiation of all lymphocytes.The cytomorphologic findings of both cases were similar to those of plasmacytoma of the thyroid. However, immunohistochemical and flow cytometry studies demonstrated that both cases were MALT lymphoma with extreme plasma cell differentiation. From a therapeutic perspective, it is important to discriminate MALT lymphoma from plasmacytoma.

Expression of thyroglobulin on follicular dendritic cells of thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.

Reportedly, thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is closely associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. However, it remains unknown which antigen is closely associated with thyroid MALT lymphoma. We examined whether B cell response to thyroglobulin (Tg), which is a common thyroid-specific autoantigen, is related etiologically to the pathogenesis of thyroid MALT lymphoma. Expression of human Tg antigens and Cluster of differentiation (CD) 35 was examined immunohistochemically in 15 cases of thyroid MALT lymphoma using paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissue specimens. In all cases of thyroid MALT lymphoma, human Tg was detected immunohistochemically in the follicular epithelial cells and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs). These FDCs were positive by double immunostaining for anti-human Tg rabbit polyclonal antibody (Ab) and for CD35. Results showed that the Tg, a thyroid autoantigen, had immunostained the germinal center of the thyroid MALT lymphoma. The Tg was present in the FDCs, as revealed by the staining pattern of the germinal center;this fact was confirmed by double immunostaining of anti-human Tg mouse monoclonal Ab and anti-CD35 mouse monoclonal Ab. The results of our study suggest that Tg is an autoantigen that is recognized by thyroid MALT lymphoma cells.

Images in Thyroidology — MALT Lymphoma and Thyroid Ophthalmopathy

ThyroidVol. 18, No. 1 Noteworthy Patients & Patient FeaturesImages in Thyroidology — MALT Lymphoma and Thyroid OphthalmopathyAntonia Rego-Iraeta, Joaquin Gonzalez-Carrero, Concepcion Poderos-Baeta, and Ricardo Garcia-MayorAntonia Rego-IraetaSearch for more papers by this author, Joaquin Gonzalez-CarreroSearch for more papers by this author, Concepcion Poderos-BaetaSearch for more papers by this author, and Ricardo Garcia-MayorSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:28 Jan 2008https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2007.0099AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail "Images in Thyroidology — MALT Lymphoma and Thyroid Ophthalmopathy." , 18(1), pp. 89–90FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 18Issue 1Jan 2008 InformationCopyright 2008, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.To cite this article:Antonia Rego-Iraeta, Joaquin Gonzalez-Carrero, Concepcion Poderos-Baeta, and Ricardo Garcia-Mayor.Images in Thyroidology — MALT Lymphoma and Thyroid Ophthalmopathy.Thyroid.Jan 2008.89-90.http://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2007.0099Published in Volume: 18 Issue 1: January 28, 2008Online Ahead of Print:December 6, 2007PDF download