Thyroid-like Follicular Carcinoma Of Kidney Research Articles

Primary Thyroid-Like Follicular Carcinoma of Kidney: Review and Update

Thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of the kidney (TLFCK) is an exceedingly uncommon tumor which has been reported sporadically on very rare occasions that afflict individuals whose ages had tended to range between 10 years and 83 years. There are no specific manifesting symptoms for this neoplasm and TLFCK had most often been diagnosed incidentally during assessment of individuals for other conditions. Confirmation of the diagnosis of TLFCK is based upon histopathology examination and immunohistochemistry staining features of the tumor and exclusion of a primary thyroid follicular carcinoma metastasizing to the kidney with radiology imaging evidence of absence of follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland. It also needs to be appreciated that immunohistochemistry staining features for thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of the kidney are different from the features of primary follicular carcinoma of thyroid gland. TLFCK does tend to afflict one kidney only generally. On rare occasions the kidney could be afflicted by metastasis from primary follicular carcinoma of thyroid gland but in such scenarios, there tends to be evidence of multiple metastases afflicting many other organs as disseminated tumor. TLFCK tends to portend generally a low-rate of malignancy; however, few cases had been reported associated with metastasis. Even though TLFCK is regarded to most often be a tumor that is associated with a low-rate of malignancy with no development of local recurrence or distant metastasis, because few cases of TLFCT had been ensued by the subsequent development of metastasis after a long-time, it would be recommended that all patients who had undergone treatment for a diagnosed TLFCK should be followed-up regularly over a period of a long-time. Patients who had been diagnosed as having primary TLFCK have tended to be treated by means of surgery in the form of partial nephrectomy or radical nephrectomy which could entail the undertaking of open surgery, laparoscopic surgery or robotic surgery. Other procedures including pre=operative biopsy of the tumor for pathology examination confirmation of the diagnosis followed by undertaking of less-invasive procedures including: cryotherapy of the tumor, radiofrequency ablation of the tumor, irreversible electroporation of the tumor, and selective renal artery angiography and super-selective embolization of the branch of renal artery supplying the tumor in the kidney, to the knowledge of the author has so far not been reported as treatment procedures for cases of primary TLFCK.

Thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of kidney

Abstract Renal cancer resembling thyroid-like tumor of the kidney is extremely rare. This type of renal tumor shows the morphologic features that resemble follicular carcinoma of thyroid. In our case, a 62-year-male patient presented with flank pain with all blood parameters in normal range. Chest X-ray were normal, contrast enhanced computed tomography report showed well defined hyperdense lesion of size 26 mm × 21 mm showing homogenous enhancement (hu 46–126 from pre to post contrast) noted in lower pole of right kidney. Patient underwent radical nephrectomy, histopathological examination suggestive of thyroid-like follicular carcinoma with IHC markers as TTF1-negative, CK7-negative, and PAX8-negative. Patient was referred to Department of Radiotherapy for further management. Immunohistochemical staining studies in the literatures showed that this tumor consistently expressed the transcription factor PAX-8 but did not express the thyroid-specific antibodies TG and TTF-1. Most tumors with diameters of more than 4 cm or associated with invasive growth or distant metastasis are treated mainly with radical nephrectomy, combined with the corresponding regional lymph node dissection. Surgical treatment is still the preferred therapeutic method. The disease seems to have a good prognosis.

Das schilddrüsenähnliche follikuläre Nierenzellkarzinom

Thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of the kidney is postulated as a potentially new entity of renal tumor based on nine previously published case reports. This tumor entity is not yet integrated into the classification of tumors of the World Health Organization (WHO). In this article a new case of thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of kidney is described which was incidentally detected at autopsy. The 58-year-old patient died of complications of acute myeloid leukemia after chemotherapy and also had prostatic adenocarcinoma. The renal tumor in the left kidney had a diameter of 3 cm and showed a grey-brown cut surface. Histologically, the tumor presented with a typical thyroid-like microfollicular and macrofollicular structure filled with eosinophilic, colloid-like material with calcification. Immunohistologically the renal tumor was CD 10 positive and negative for thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1) and thyroglobulin. A synopsis of the published case reports indicates that thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of the kidney has a low risk of metastasis. More experience with further cases of thyroid-like follicular renal carcinoma is necessary before a recommendation of a separate tumor entity in the next WHO classification is justified.

Renal cell carcinoma: Evolving and emerging subtypes

Our knowledge of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rapidly expanding. For those who diagnose and treat RCC, it is important to understand the new developments. In recent years, many new renal tumors have been described and defined, and our understanding of the biology and clinical correlates of these tumors is changing. Evolving concepts in Xp11 translocation carcinoma, mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, multilocular cystic clear cell RCC, and carcinoma associated with neuroblastoma are addressed within this review. Tubulocystic carcinoma, thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of kidney, acquired cystic disease-associated RCC, and clear cell papillary RCC are also described. Finally, candidate entities, including RCC with t(6;11) translocation, hybrid oncocytoma/chromophobe RCC, hereditary leiomyomatosis and RCC syndrome, and renal angiomyoadenomatous tumor are reviewed. Knowledge of these new entities is important for diagnosis, treatment and subsequent prognosis. This review provides a targeted summary of new developments in RCC.