Three-leaf Clover Research Articles

Mycology of Fodder Plants in Different Areas of Azerbaijan the Results of Studies Devoted to the Evaluation

Both cultivated and wild fodder plants are the main group of plants necessary for the development of animal husbandry. Although it is impossible to give a specific number about the number of species of fodder plants in Azerbaijan, there is no doubt that their number of species is expressed in hundreds. Thus, the number of species of annual grasses in the CIS includes up to 1000 species. As it is known, some species mentioned above as fodder plants also carry other qualities. For example, corn, sunflower, wormwood, three-leaf clover, etc. plants are also medicinal plants and are used as diuretics, pain relievers, etc. in folk medicine. It is widely used as a tool with properties. At the same time, due to these properties, these plants have become the subject of various aspects (botanical, pharmacological, mycological, etc.) studies, and this situation is still ongoing.

Perturbing the catenoid: Stability and mechanical properties of nonaxisymmetric minimal surfaces.

Minimal surface problems arise naturally in many soft matter systems whose free energies are dominated by surface or interface energies. Of particular interest are the shapes, stability, and mechanical stresses of minimal surfaces spanning specific geometric boundaries. The "catenoid" is the best-known example where an analytical solution is known which describes the form and stability of a minimal surface held between two parallel, concentric circular frames. Here we extend this problem to nonaxisymmetric, parallel frame shapes of different orientations by developing a perturbation approach around the known catenoid solution. We show that the predictions of the perturbation theory are in good agreement with experiments on soap films and finite element simulations (Surface Evolver). Combining theory, experiment, and simulation, we analyze in depth how the shapes, stability, and mechanical properties of the minimal surfaces depend on the type and orientation of elliptic and three-leaf clover shaped frames. In the limit of perfectly aligned nonaxisymmetric frames, our predictions show excellent agreement with a recent theory established by Alimov etal. [Phys. Fluids 33, 052104 (2021)1070-663110.1063/5.0047461]. Moreover, we put in evidence the intriguing capacity of minimal surfaces between nonaxisymmetric frames to transmit a mechanical torque despite being completely liquid. These forces could be interesting to exploit for mechanical self-assembly of soft matter systems or as highly sensitive force captors.

ANN-based estimation of MEMS diaphragm response: An application for three leaf clover diaphragm based Fabry-Perot interferometer

In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) based model is developed for MEMS diaphragm analysis, which does not require difficult and time-consuming FEM processes. ANN-based estimator is generated for static pressure response (d) and dynamic pressure response (f) analysis of TLC (three leaf clover) diaphragms for Fabry-Perot interferometers as an example. TLC is one of the unsealed MEMS design diaphragms formed by three leaves of equal angles. The diaphragms used to train ANNs are designed with SOLIDWORKS and analyzed with ANSYS. A total of 1680 TLC diaphragms are simulated with eight diaphragm parameters (3 for SiO2 material, 4 for geometry, and 1 for pressure) to create a data pool for ANN’s training, validation, and testing processes. 80% of the data is used for training, 15% for validation, and the remaining for testing. Only four geometric parameters are used as input in the ANN estimator, and the material parameters are added to the model with an analytical multiplier. Thus, network models that estimate d and f values for all kinds of diaphragm materials are proposed, with a material-independently trained ANN structure. The performance of the ANN model is compared with the empirical equation suggested in the literature, and its superiority is demonstrated. In addition, the d and f parameters of TLC diaphragms designed with five different materials (Si, In2Se3, Ag, EPDM, Graphene) are estimated to be very close to the real ones. By using the proposed method, analyses of TLC diaphragms are quickly performed without the need for time-consuming and costly design and analysis programs.

Art’s Work in the Age of Biotechnology: Shaping Our Genetic Futures

Art’s Work in the Age of Biotechnology: Shaping Our Genetic Futures

A triple-triangle cluster derived from a simple tridentate ligand.

The heptanuclear ferric cluster, [FeIII7(O)6(HL)5(H2L)(H2O)8](BF4)4 (H2L = 2,6-bis(1,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine), was synthesized by the reaction of the planar tridentate ligand H2L with iron(ii) tetrafluoroborate hexahydrate. The cluster has a corner-shared triple-triangle core structure connected by three μ-O atoms, and it has a spin-frustrated ferrimagnetic spin ground state of S = 19/2.

Evaluation of Çanakkale Kilitbahir Castle in the Context of Refunctioning

The Dardanelles Strait functions as a bridge between Biga and Gelibolu peninsulas, connecting the Aegean Sea and the Marmara Sea. Many defences have been built on the Dardanelles Strait, which has hosted many civilizations from the past to the present day, in line with the needs of the time. Kilitbahir Castle, which has a three-leaf clover plan and is located on a slope rising on the Gallipoli peninsula in the narrowest part of the Bosphorus after the conquest of Istanbul by Mehmet the Conqueror; manifests itself as a pioneering structure of the military architecture of the era with the developing artillery technology. In terms of protecting the physical environment, it is observed that the defensive buildings which survived up to today are not adequately protected, losing their historical and architectural values. In this context, the restoration of Kilitbahir Castle dating back to Ottoman Period defence structures on the Dardanelles Strait was evaluated. Its phases throughout the process along with the current location and architecture were evaluated by using written and visual resources. European Archives, BNF Archives, Topkapi Palace Archives and Istanbul University Archives were utilized for reaching the castle engravings. In accordance with the information obtained in the historical research process, the exhibition arrangement and environment planning project of the structure, which serves as a museum, was prepared.

A novel approach based on simulation of tunable MEMS diaphragm for extrinsic Fabry–Perot sensors

A new tunable structure with a Three Leaf Clover (TLC) geometry has been proposed for use in diaphragm-based acoustic pressure sensors. The sensitivity and frequency response of this new structure, which will be an alternative to conventional circular diaphragms, was accomplished using Finite Element Method (FEM) and numerical analysis techniques. As a result of the analysis, sensitivity and frequency response approaches were obtained for the tunable-TLC structure. These approaches provide researchers to design diaphragms more convenient. Conventional circular diaphragms can be easily converted to TLC diaphragms by means of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) thus can be tuned up to 5 times for sensitivity and up to 1/3 times the fundamental frequency without altering the thickness and radius of the diaphragm. Obtained approach expressions were compared with FEM results for practical design purposes in a wide range of tunable parameters, and the average errors were below 2.5% for the sensitivity and below 0.5% for the fundamental frequency response, respectively.

The ‘three-leaf clover’

As the global distribution, broadcast and viewing of Danish TV drama in different parts of the world involves the engagement of heterogeneous players involved in complex interrelationships, this article discusses the methodological lens of the ‘three-leaf clover’ to capture the complexity of these interrelationships. The article explains how the three-leaf clover model helps in embracing transnational interconnectivities, presents its opportunities and challenges and tests the capacity of the model by discussing the differing historical trajectories of how the series travelled into the world, the varying intensities of interest in the series and the permeability of the audience groupings.

Gradual edge enhancement in spiral phase contrast imaging with fractional vortex filters.

In the spiral phase contrast imaging, the integer spiral phase plate (SPP) are generally employed to perform the radial Hilbert transform on the object. Here we introduce fractional SPP filters, instead of the integer ones, to investigate the gradual formation of edge enhancement for pure phase objects. Two spatial light modulators are used in our experimental configuration. One is addressed to display the pure phase object of a five-pointed star, while the other serves as a dynamic filter of fractional topological charge Q. Of interest is the observation of the complete reversal of the edge and background brightness by gradually changing the fractional vortices from Q = 0 to 1. The experimental results were well interpreted based on the OAM spectra of fractional SPP, which indicates that the filtered output image can be considered as a coherent superposition of all possible images that are individually resulted from the integer OAM filtering. Besides, we show that the spiral phase contrast effect can still be observed in real time for a rotating three-leaf clover. Our results may find potential applications in the optical microscopic imaging.

When should we change our clinical practice based on the results of a clinical study? Study endpoints.

We are now familiar with the three-leaf clover of the evidence and we know what is the most appropriate study design for answering clinical questions regarding diagnosis, prognosis or intervention [1, 2]. It is time to read carefully a clinical study and decide if we shall change our clinical practice following the study’s results. One of the first things to look at are the declared endpoints. The majority of studies address several clinical questions at one time, but only one has to be the main objective of the study, while the others are just ancillary. Thus, we will have primary and secondary outcomes (Table 1).

Three-leaf quantum interference clovers in a trigonal single-molecule magnet.

We report on a single-molecule magnet where the spatial arrangement of three manganese ions and their spin-orbit coupling tensor orientations result in threefold angular modulations of the magnetization tunneling rates and quantum interference patterns that mimic the form of a three-leaf clover. Although expected in all quantum tunneling of magnetization resonances for a trigonal molecular symmetry, the threefold modulation only appears at resonances for which a longitudinal magnetic field is applied (i.e., resonance numbers |k|>0). A sixfold transverse field modulation observed at resonance k = 0 manifests as a direct consequence of a threefold corrugation of the spin-orbit coupling energy landscape, creating an effective longitudinal field which varies the resonance condition in the presence of a transverse field. The observations allow for an association between the trigonal distortion of the local spin-orbit interactions and the spatial disposition of the constituent ions, a finding that can be extrapolated to other systems where spin-orbit coupling plays a significant role.

Preservation of the temporal muscle during the frontotemporoparietal approach for decompressive craniectomy: Technical note

In patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy, resection and detachment of the temporal muscle produces esthetic and functional damage, due to atrophy of the frontal portion of the temporal muscle in the temporal fossa. We have performed en-block temporal muscle detachment in decompressive craniectomy patients to avoid esthetic and functional damage to the temporal muscle. Twenty-one patients underwent decompressive craniectomy using a frontotemporoparietal approach. Through a three-leaf clover flap skin incision, the temporal muscle was detached en-block and overturned antero-inferiorly conjoined with the frontal myocutaneous flap. A decompressive craniectomy and duraplasty were performed. A polyethylene sheet was added to prevent adherence of the temporal muscle to the dura mater. The decompressive craniectomy was effective in all patients. When subsequent cranioplasty was performed, the temporal muscle was easily repositioned. No complications resulted from the en-block temporal muscle detachment or the use of the polyethylene sheet. In 18 patients eligible for clinical and radiological follow-up, excellent (n = 4) or good (n = 14) esthetic results were detected. Chewing ability is considered normal by all patients. Although it requires that the patient undergo two surgical procedures, en-block detachment of the temporal muscle during decompressive craniectomy allows good esthetic and functional results.

Karakter Visual pada Motif Ornamen Tegel Kunci Yogyakarta

Tegel is the floor covering material having the appropriate char­ acteristics dengai cool tropical climate, strong, and durable. One of the tiles companies that still survive in Yogyakarta and has a long history is a Tegel Kunci company whose products have unique character. Based on the analysis can be seen that most of the motifs are using a variety of ornamental from Europe, especially the Gothic-style ornament. In addition to European decorative ornaments also widely used Islam or the style of arabesque, especially in geometric motifs. Motifs used are plant motifs, geometric, and geometric mixture of plant and ani­mal motifs. Plant motifs entirely a result of both in the stylized flowers, leaves and stems. The form used is the interest that many roses, lil­ies, lily, and tulip. The plant leaf using a stylized three-leaf clover, oak leaves, and there is a stylized form of the stem of the plant tendrils. Ornamental pattern geometry in addition to having a visual function,Â

Missing levels in acoustic resonators

It is shown that the deviations of the experimental statistics of six chaotic acoustic resonators from Wigner-Dyson random matrix theory predictions are explained by a recent model of random missing levels. In these resonatorsa made of aluminum plates a the larger deviations occur in the spectral rigidity (SRs) while the nearest-neighbor distributions (NNDs) are still close to the Wigner surmise. Good fits to the experimental NNDs and SRs are obtained by adjusting only one parameter, which is the fraction of remaining levels of the complete spectra. For two Sinai stadiums, one Sinai stadium without planar symmetry, two triangles, and a sixth of the three-leaf clover shapes, was found that 7%, 4%, 7%, and 2%, respectively, of eigenfrequencies were not detected.

Random matrix theory and acoustic resonances in plates with an approximate symmetry.

We discuss a random matrix model of systems with an approximate symmetry and present the spectral fluctuation statistics and eigenvector characteristics for the model. An acoustic resonator like, e.g., an aluminum plate may have an approximate symmetry. We have measured the frequency spectrum and the widths for acoustic resonances in thin aluminum plates, cut in the shape of the so-called three-leaf clover. Due to the mirror symmetry through the middle plane of the plate, each resonance of the plate belongs to one of two mode classes and we show how to separate the modes into these two classes using their measured widths. We compare the spectral statistics of each mode class with results for the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble. By cutting a slit of increasing depth on one face of the plate, we gradually break the mirror symmetry and study the transition that takes place as the two classes are mixed. Presenting the spectral fluctuation statistics and the distribution of widths for the resonances, we find that this transition is well described by the random matrix model.

Sound scattering by cylinders of noncircular cross section: A conformal mapping approach

A new method for predicting the far-field scattered pressure due to a plane wave incident upon an infinitely long cylinder of noncircular cross section is presented. The method, referred to herein as the Fourier matching method (FMM), involves conformally mapping the exterior and interior of a closed surface to a semi-infinite strip. This method is new in that the boundary conditions are satisfied using constraints described in the new angular variable. The resultant formulation is numerically efficient (much more so than the T-matrix method under certain conditions, for example) and works well for both small and large deviations from a circular cross section, as well as penetrable and impenetrable materials. Furthermore, the basis functions generated in the calculation can also improve the efficiency of other methods such as the T-matrix method. Example calculations are presented for elliptic, square, and three-leaf clover cross sections for several types of boundary conditions. In all cases, the results compare extremely well with exact or high-frequency asymptotic results.

Evolutive patterns of the visual field in optic neuritis

Sixty eyes with optic neuritis in 50 patients were treated with high doses of methyl-prednisolone. A follow-up of the visual field (VF) with automated static perimetry performed with Vision Monitor (Metrovision) was realized to determine the evolutive pattern. In spite of treatment four patients showed neither improvement nor deterioration. The 56 other eyes improved dramatically. A normalization of the VF with no definite pattern was observed in 15 eyes. The evolutive pattern of the three cases with a peripheral constriction was impossible to assess because of the limits of the programme. A progressive centripetal amelioration was observed in the majority of the eyes (n = 38). The evolution was concentric with a progressive reduction of the size of the central scotoma. A fragmentation could appear and the scotoma adopted an intermediate aspect of a trifoliated pattern (three-leaf clover).

AN IMPROVED BALL PESSARY

In procidentia associated with an unusual degree of vaginal relaxation and perineal damage, this pessary will remain in place much more surely than the ordinary ball device. Direct advantage is deliberately taken of the vaginal relaxation, the collapsed walls serving to retain the pessary. I first used the outer device, without the ball, but in cases characterized by an undue transmission of intra-abdominal pressure it was found that the relaxed vaginal walls would become impacted between the hard rubber coils. The inclusion of the ball was a later thought, obviating the impaction while at the same time taking sufficient advantage of the relaxed walls. This pessary weighs about 1½2 ounces. The symmetrically disposed convolutions constituting the outer section are made from a hard rubber ring which, when heated, is bent into the shape of a three-leaf clover, each leaf or lobe being then curled over a small ball pessary. Its