Three-dimensional Format Research Articles

Digital intraoral and radiologic records in forensic identification: Match with disruptive technology

While clinical dentistry has seamlessly integrated the digital revolution, there is a gap in the technological capabilities of forensic dentistry.The study aimed to compare the superimposition accuracy of two different three-dimensional record formats, namely the intraoral scanner and cone beam computer tomography, in the context of forensic identification.The sample consisted of randomly selected adults (n=10) of both sexes aged between 20 and 50 years. Following the acquisition of data using the Medit i700 wireless scanner and the iCAT Tomograph with InVivo software, the records were analysed and compared through superimposition using Medit Scan Clinic software to assess the technical precision of anatomical identification details.The results obtained through the superimposition of dental and bone records following intra- and inter-observer analysis enabled an accurate comparison and identification of an individual. This method can differentiate between positive and negative matches, achieving exclusion results and offering a potential solution to overcoming the absence of a standardisation procedure in human identification.

Abstract LB387: Microphysiological modeling of gastric cancer vasculature using iPSC-derived endothelial cells

Abstract Generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from the blood of patients with advanced gastric cancer, differentiating them into endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Utilizing microfluidic 3D cell culture, we intricately reconstructed the observed abnormal blood vessels in gastric cancer patients in a three-dimensional format, capturing real-time neovasculature. Applying deep learning techniques, we virtually labeled the growing blood vessels with fluorescence, unveiling thin and tortuous morphological characteristics specific to patient iPSCs, distinct from those derived from human umbilical cord endothelial cells. The development of a tumor model, vascularized with cancer cells from the same donor, establishes a versatile testbed for evaluating personalized cancer vascular models. Through comprehensive morphological and functional assessments, this platform facilitates screening for patient-specific combination therapies and holds promise as a model for immune response testing. Citation Format: Jihoon Ko, Noo Li Jeon, Young Sun Oh. Microphysiological modeling of gastric cancer vasculature using iPSC-derived endothelial cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 2 (Late-Breaking, Clinical Trial, and Invited Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(7_Suppl):Abstract nr LB387.

Застосування ArcGIS для оптимізації військового планування

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the advantages of using this software in comparison with a paper map. Theoretical justification of practical software studies. In modern conditions of military conflict, where strategic management and decision-making determine the effectiveness of actions on the battlefield, the use of advanced technologies becomes an integral part of the functioning of the Armed Forces. One of the key areas of innovation in this context is the use of geographic information systems (GIS), which provide unit commanders with the means to obtain, analyze, and use spatial information. This article is intended to review the practical experience of using GIS in the Armed Forces, particularly focusing on important aspects related to unit management. The basis of our research is the experience and use of the ArcGIS geoinformation system, which was used in the military. The main advantages and capabilities of this system from the point of view of the unit commander are considered, as well as how these technologies can improve leadership and interaction on the battlefield. Method. Methods of analysis of key system functions, including ArcMap, ArcScene, and other modules, were used to understand their potential for unit management. A comparison with paper maps was made: a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the implementation of regulations on paper topographic maps and in ArcGIS software. Methods of systematization and generalization of scientific information: the advantages of 3D Visualization are highlighted, the study of ArcScene capabilities to improve understanding of the terrain in a three-dimensional format, details and advantages of using special tools for military analysis and management. The results. As a result of the study of the use of the ArcGIS geoinformation system by the unit commander, it was established that the implementation of ArcGIS significantly accelerates a number of actions related to the deployment of artillery, the time required to hit an unplanned target is reduced. Tactical planning is improved: the use of Military Tools for ArcGIS allows the commander to effectively manage and control the actions of his units and the enemy, the creation of tactical symbols and artificial maps simplifies the planning of tasks and responding to unexpected circumstances. The use of 3D Visualization in ArcScene allows you to get a three-dimensional overview of the area, improving the perception of the commander of the unit of the situation. Built-in functions such as centering and zooming in on the target make it easy to monitor objects in real time. The obtained results indicate the great potential and advantages of using the ArcGIS geographic information system in military management, which can lead to an increase in the efficiency and success of military operations. The scientific novelty is that although the ArcGIS software is in service with many NATO countries and is being implemented in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, it is determined that only this program should be used in the Armed Forces of Ukraine for digital maps and direct research that would determine the advantages of this product and analyze there are no particularities of application. The main focus of the research is on the features of ArcGIS application. The components of ArcGIS were identified, their analysis and prospects in the military sector were carried out. Practical meaning. As a result of the study of the use of the geographic information system ArcGIS by the commander of the unit, a significant potential for improving operational management and decision-making in the conditions of military operations was revealed. The use of ArcGIS allows you to speed up actions, improve tactical planning, provide three-dimensional visualization of the terrain and optimize geodetic calculations. The obtained results confirm the importance and necessity of using modern geoinformation tools in the military leadership to ensure the efficiency and success of military operations.

Developing an Augmented Reality-Based Textbook on Heat and Transfer Materials to Improve Students Critical Thinking Skills

The Society 5.0 era necessitates that society address problems by harnessing information technology. Augmented Reality, one of the information technologies utilized in the education sector, presents virtual objects alongside real ones in a three-dimensional format, allowing for observation, interaction, and auditory engagement. Heat and transfer materials can be simulated and applied in the form of 3D objects and animations, facilitating direct student interaction and providing a captivating and distinctive learning experience. The objective of this research is to create an Augmented Reality-based textbook on heat and transfer material to enhance the critical thinking skills of junior high school students. This Research & Development used the ADDIE model including analyze, design, develop, implement and evaluate steps. Based on the results, augmented reality-based textbook is highly valid, practical, and effective in showcasing an improvement in the critical thinking skills of junior high school students, with the observed increase falling within the high category, specifically at 0.71

Biomimetic Scaffolds-A Novel Approach to Three Dimensional Cell Culture Techniques for Potential Implementation in Tissue Engineering.

Biomimetic scaffolds imitate native tissue and can take a multidimensional form. They are biocompatible and can influence cellular metabolism, making them attractive bioengineering platforms. The use of biomimetic scaffolds adds complexity to traditional cell cultivation methods. The most commonly used technique involves cultivating cells on a flat surface in a two-dimensional format due to its simplicity. A three-dimensional (3D) format can provide a microenvironment for surrounding cells. There are two main techniques for obtaining 3D structures based on the presence of scaffolding. Scaffold-free techniques consist of spheroid technologies. Meanwhile, scaffold techniques contain organoids and all constructs that use various types of scaffolds, ranging from decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) through hydrogels that are one of the most extensively studied forms of potential scaffolds for 3D culture up to 4D bioprinted biomaterials. 3D bioprinting is one of the most important techniques used to create biomimetic scaffolds. The versatility of this technique allows the use of many different types of inks, mainly hydrogels, as well as cells and inorganic substances. Increasing amounts of data provide evidence of vast potential of biomimetic scaffolds usage in tissue engineering and personalized medicine, with the main area of potential application being the regeneration of skin and musculoskeletal systems. Recent papers also indicate increasing amounts of in vivo tests of products based on biomimetic scaffolds, which further strengthen the importance of this branch of tissue engineering and emphasize the need for extensive research to provide safe for humansbiomimetic tissues and organs. In this review article, we provide a review of the recent advancements in the field of biomimetic scaffolds preceded by an overview of cell culture technologies that led to the development of biomimetic scaffold techniques as the most complex type of cell culture.

Digitization of the Built Cultural Heritage: An Integrated Methodology for Preservation and Accessibilization of an Art Nouveau Museum

The emergence of new technologies has dynamized the way in which cultural heritage is documented, preserved, and passed on to new generations; something that determines a paradigm shift in terms of research in this field. Most operations now also have access to the virtual component. In this context, the current study aimed to make accessible through virtual and augmented reality one of the most interesting objectives belonging to the Jewish cultural heritage built in Art Nouveau style in the municipality of Oradea (Romania), which currently functions as a La Belle Epoque Museum. In the study, the techniques of terrestrial, aerial photogrammetry, and terrestrial laser scanning were used to remodel, in a three-dimensional format, as faithful as possible and usable in different applications, the special architecture of the exterior of the monument. This information was doubled by making the interior of the monument accessible through a complete and complex series of panoramic images interconnected within a virtual tour that will be made available to tourists interested in discovering the Darvas-La Roche House. The virtual tour, which includes both graphic, textual, and audio information, represents an innovative approach for the buildings built in Art Nouveau style in the municipality of Oradea, representing a virtual bridge for better promotion of the tourist destination and for the awareness of the local people regarding the importance of preserving and appreciating the local cultural heritage. This is all the more important as this is the first initiative to make the Art Nouveau buildings in Oradea Municipality accessible to the general public in an innovative way.

Anatomical and Three-Dimensional Study of the Female Feline Abdominal and Pelvic Vascular System Using Dissections, Computed Tomography Angiography and Magnetic Resonance Angiography.

This study describes the anatomical characteristics of the abdominal and pelvic vascular system of two healthy mature female cats via three-dimensional contrast enhanced computed tomography angiography, non-contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography and three-dimensional printing. Volume-rendering computed tomography angiography images were acquired from the ventral aspect using RadiAnt, Amira and OsiriX MD Dicom three-dimensional formats, and three-dimensional printing was obtained and compared with the corresponding computed tomography angiography images. Non-contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography was made using the time-of-flight imaging in ventral, oblique and lateral views. In addition, three cadavers with colored latex injection were dissected to facilitate the identification of the vascular structures. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography showed the main vascular structures, whereas with the time-of-flight blood appeared with a high signal intensity compared with associated abdominal and pelvic tissues. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography images and time-of-flight sequences provided adequate anatomical details of the main arteries and veins that could be used for future feline anatomical and clinical vascular studies of the abdomen and pelvis.

The Jena Eyewitness Research Stimuli (JERS): A database of mock theft videos involving two perpetrators, presented in 2D and VR formats with corresponding 2D and 3D lineup images

Empirical investigations into eyewitness identification accuracy typically necessitate the creation of novel stimulus materials, which can be a challenging and time-consuming task. To facilitate this process and promote further research in this domain, we introduce the new Jena Eyewitness Research Stimuli (JERS). They comprise six video sequences depicting a mock theft committed by two different perpetrators, available in both two-dimensional (2D) and 360° format, combined with the corresponding lineup images presented in 2D or three-dimensional (3D) format. Images of one suspect and eight fillers are available for each lineup. We evaluated lineup fairness by using mock eyewitness paradigm and noted a Tredoux’s E of 4.687 for Perpetrator 1 and 5.406 for Perpetrator 2. Moreover, no bias towards the perpetrators was observed in the lineups. We incorporated 360° videos and 3D lineup images to encourage the adoption of innovative data formats in experimental investigations of eyewitness accuracy. In particular, compatibility with Virtual Reality (VR) makes JERS a promising tool for advancing eyewitness research by enabling researchers to construct controlled environments that offer observers an immersive experience. JERS is freely accessible for the use of academic purposes via the Open Science Framework (OSF).

Potential of Three-Dimensional Portable Document Format for Article Publication in Craniofacial Surgery.

The portable document format (PDF) is a globally recognized standard file format of Word documents. The PDF supports the embedding of three-dimensional objects. This three-dimensional PDF can contribute to new ways of presenting and disseminating medical information in future medical journals.

A novel clustering method with consistent data in a three-dimensional graphical format over existing clustering mechanisms

A novel clustering method with consistent data in a three-dimensional graphical format over existing clustering mechanisms

A Workflow to Produce a Low-Cost In Vitro Platform for the Electric-Field Pacing of Cellularised 3D Porous Scaffolds.

Endogenous electrically mediated signaling is a key feature of most native tissues, the most notable examples being the nervous and the cardiac systems. Biomedical engineering often aims to harness and drive such activity in vitro, in bioreactors to study cell disease and differentiation, and often in three-dimensional (3D) formats with the help of biomaterials, with most of these approaches adopting scaffold-free self-assembling strategies to create 3D tissues. In essence, this is the casting of gels which self-assemble in response to factors such as temperature or pH and have capacity to harbor cells during this process without imparting toxicity. However, the use of materials that do not self-assemble but can support 3D encapsulation of cells (such as porous scaffolds) warrants consideration given the larger repertoire this would provide in terms of material physicochemical properties and microstructure. In this method and protocol paper, we detail and provide design codes and assembly instructions to cheaply create an electrical pacing bioreactor and a Rig for Stimulation of Sponge-like Scaffolds (R3S). This setup has also been engineered to simultaneously perform live optical imaging of the in vitro models. To showcase a pilot exploration of material physiochemistry (in this aspect material conductivity) and microstructure (isotropy versus anisotropy), we adopt isotropic and anisotropic porous scaffolds composed of collagen or poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) for their contrasting conductivity properties yet similar in porosity and mechanical integrity. Electric field pacing of mouse C3H10 cells on anisotropic porous scaffolds placed in R3S led to increased metabolic activity and enhanced cell alignment. Furthermore, after 7 days electrical pacing drove C3H10 alignment regardless of material conductivity or anisotropy. This platform and its design, which we have shared, have wide suitability for the study of electrical pacing of cellularized scaffolds in 3D in vitro cultures.

Combinatorial drug screening on 3D Ewing sarcoma spheroids using droplet-based microfluidics

Culturing and screening cells in microfluidics, particularly in three-dimensional formats, has the potential to impact diverse areas from fundamental biology to cancer precision medicine. Here, we use a platform based on anchored droplets for drug screening. The response of spheroids of Ewing sarcoma (EwS) A673 cells to simultaneous or sequential combinations of etoposide and cisplatin was evaluated. This was done by culturing spheroids of EwS cells inside 500nL droplets then merging them with secondary droplets containing fluorescent-barcoded drugs at different concentrations. Differences in EwS spheroid growth and viability were measured by microscopy. After drug exposure such measurements enabled estimation of their IC50 values, which were in agreement with values obtained in standard multiwell plates. Then, synergistic drug combination was evaluated. Sequential combination treatment of EwS with etoposide applied 24h before cisplatin resulted in amplified synergistic effect. As such, droplet-based microfluidics offers the modularity required for evaluation of drug combinations.

A novel constitutive model for surface elasticity at finite strains suitable across compressibility spectrum

The surface elasticity theory of Gurtin–Murdoch has proven to be remarkably successful in predicting the behavior of materials at the nano scale, which can be attributed to the fact that the surface-to-volume ratio increases as the problem dimension decreases. On the other hand, surface tension can deform soft elastic solids even at the macro scale resulting e.g. in elastocapillary instabilities in soft filaments reminiscent of Plateau–Rayleigh instabilities in fluids. Due to the increasing number of applications involving nanoscale structures and soft solids such as gels, the surface elasticity theory has experienced a prolific growth in the past two decades. Despite the large body of literature on the subject, the constitutive models of surface elasticity theory at large deformations are not suitable to capture the surface behavior from fully compressible to nearly incompressible elasticity, especially from a computational perspective. A physically meaningful and proper decomposition of the surface free energy density in terms of area-preserving and area-varying contributions remains yet to be established. We show that an immediate and intuitive generalization of the small-deformation surface constitutive models does not pass the simple extension test at large deformations and results in unphysical behavior at lower Poisson’s ratios. Thus, the first contribution of the manuscript is to introduce a novel decomposed surface free energy density that recovers surface elasticity across the compressibility spectrum. The second objective of this paper is to formulate an axisymmetric counterpart of the elastocapillary theory methodically derived from its three-dimensional format based on meaningful measures relevant to the proposed surface elasticity model. Various aspects of the problem are elucidated and discussed through numerical examples using the finite element method enhanced with surface elasticity.

RETRACTED: A novel mathematical model for the effects of wall properties on pumping flow of a biofluid in a symmetrical three-dimensional curved duct

Most pumping actions entail a physical volume change of the duct, which is frequently achieved by having a compliant wall or membrane. To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first report on a mathematical model developed to analyze the peristaltic transport of a Newtonian fluid in a curved duct with rectangular face and compliant walls. Such geometries are most commonly used in clinical and biological equipment, where the walls of the duct need to be flexible. Flexible ducts are more useful than rigid ones because they do not require any extra modifications or accessories. Here, we have used the conditions of lubrication theory to construct an accurate model, and a common perturbation technique was incorporated to handle the Navier-Stokes equations with emphasis on various aspect ratios and curvatures. A system of curvilinear coordinates operating according to the principles of the cylindrical system was employed to represent the mathematical problem. No-slip boundary limitations were considered at the walls along with the extra constraint of compliant walls showing damping force and stiffness. Comprehensive graphical representations were made to illustrate the effects of all emerging factors of the study in both two- and three-dimensional formats. We found that large curvatures and flexure rigidity decreased the fluid velocity uniformly, but the aspect ratio and amplitude parameters could promote fluid velocity. Validation of the results was performed through the generation of a residual error curve. The current readings were taken again with a straight duct to make a comparison with the existing literature.

Limited Emotional Value Added by Immersive 3D Audio: A Reanalysis

Music in three-dimensional (3D) audio formats is becoming increasingly important in many areas of the entertainment industry. However, little research has been done on the effects of various playback formats on the emotional listening experience. A study by Hahn made an important contribution to this topic. Based on a repeated measures design and using the Geneva Emotional Music Scale (GEMS), he conducted a listening experiment comparing music experiences resulting from presentations in stereo, 5.1 surround sound, and Auro-3D 9.1 (a 3D audio format containing a 5.1 surround sound layer and four height channels) reproduced by loudspeakers. Data were made available for a reanalysis. The main aims of this study were (1) analyzing listening differences between formats as measured by the original GEMS factors, (2) calculating effect sizes for a better estimation of sample sizes for future studies, and (3) making the data set available to the public. For the reanalysis, the ratings of participants were aggregated (mean values for the nine GEMS factors per audio format). There were significant differences between the formats as shown by a nonparametric MANOVA ( N = 52) with the GEMS factors as dependent variables and the three audio formats as a repeated measures factor. For the GEMS factor Transcendence, an ANOVA ( N = 52) revealed a large omnibus effect (ηp2 = .206) for the three formats. Pairwise contrasts showed a significant increase (small to medium effect size) in emotional experiences for the Transcendence factor from stereo to surround sound (Cohen's dZ = 0.31), surround sound to 3D audio (Cohen's dZ = 0.45), and stereo to 3D audio (Cohen's dZ = 0.64).

Evaluation of an assessment scale for aesthetic outcome in breast reconstructions based on digital photos in both 2D and 3D format

The aesthetic outcome is crucial in a breast reconstruction. Our aim was to evaluate the intra- and interrater reliability of an aesthetic outcome assessment scale with digital photos of breast reconstructions in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) format. Thirty-three women with delayed breast reconstructions, consecutively participating in a five-year follow-up between November 2019 and June 2021, were included in the study. Of these, 14 were reconstructed with an expander prosthesis (EP) and 19 with a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap. Photos of the breasts were assessed in 2D and 3D format by expert, layman and patient panels. Data were analysed with the weighted kappa (wk) statistics. The intrarater agreements were moderate to substantial, with wk between 0.66 and 0.73 for the panels. Within the panels, the interrater agreements were 0.46–0.62. Moderate agreements were found between the matched 2D and 3D format photos (wk 0.62–0.66). The patient panel graded scar appearance worse in 3D compared with 2D format. In all panels, there was a tendency towards DIEP flap reconstructions receiving higher aesthetic outcome grades compared with EP. Thus, the aesthetic outcome assessment scale demonstrated acceptable agreements between the individual panellists and within the panels. Scars captured in 3D format may provide a greater resemblance to the reality compared with 2D. Implications for clinics remain to be further studied.

Soft hydrogel-shell confinement systems as bacteria-based bioactuators and biosensors

Genetically engineered (GE) bacteria were utilized for developing functional systems upon confinement within a restricted space. Use of natural soft hydrogel such as alginate, gelatin, and agarose, have been investigated as promising approaches to design functional architectures. Nevertheless, a challenge is to develop functional microenvironments that support biofilm-like confinement in a relevant three-dimensional (3D) format for long-term studies. We demonstrate a natural soft hydrogel bioactuator based on alginate core-shell structures (0.25–2 mm core and 50–300 μm shell thickness) that enables 3D microbial colonization upon confinement with high cell density. Specially, our study evaluates the efficiency of bacteria-functional system by recapitulating various GE bacteria which can produce common reporter proteins, to demonstrate their actuator functions as well as dynamic pair-wise interactions. The structural design of the hydrogel can endure continued growth of various bacteria colonies within the confined space for over 10 days. The total amount of cellular biomass upon hydrogel-shell confinement was increased 5-fold compared to conventional techniques without hydrogel-shell. Furthermore, the enzymatic activity increased 3.8-fold and bioluminescence signal by 8-fold compared to the responses from conventional hydrogel systems. The conceptualized platform and our workflow represent a reliable strategy with core-shell structures to develop artificial hydrogel habitats as bacteria-based functional systems for bioactuation.

The Aspects of International Communication: Strategic Partnership of Ukraine and Turkey

Abstract The article aims to analyze the geopolitical, conflict-related, and strategic interests of Ukraine realized within the framework of the South vector of the state geopolitics through rational and pragmatic cooperation with the trans-regional leader of the region – Turkey. The study aims to identify priority areas of cooperation between Ukraine and Turkey in the Black Sea region for the effective implementation of geostrategic interests of Ukraine and the regularity of development of political defense systems during crises and modern military-political conflicts. The interdisciplinary approach and methods of analytical and comparative analysis made it possible to study and examine the evolution of the value-ideological loads which dominate the implementation of Eastern or Western geopolitical vectors. The necessity to consider political, social, and conflict-related imbalances and integration constraints revealed the pragmatic direction of equidistant foreign policy implementation in a three-dimensional format. This format involves an alternative vector of bilateral cooperation with Turkey and a joint position, which will ensure accelerated development of Ukraine and help avoid pressure from the European Union and the Russian Federation. The defensive type of geostrategy serves as a common denominator in cooperation between countries, providing more substantial interaction at the level of experience exchange on military operations, military-political conflicts in Syria and the Eastern regions of Ukraine, solving problems with separatist regions, implementing programs for refugees and internally displaced persons, developing a parity promotion of integration of Turkey and Ukraine into the EU.

MP24-18 THE EFFECT OF VIRTUAL 3D MODELS ON ROBOTIC PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY: SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 May 2022MP24-18 THE EFFECT OF VIRTUAL 3D MODELS ON ROBOTIC PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY: SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Joseph Shirk, David Thiel, Eric Wallen, Jennifer Linehan, Wesley White, Ketan Badani, and James Porter Joseph ShirkJoseph Shirk More articles by this author , David ThielDavid Thiel More articles by this author , Eric WallenEric Wallen More articles by this author , Jennifer LinehanJennifer Linehan More articles by this author , Wesley WhiteWesley White More articles by this author , Ketan BadaniKetan Badani More articles by this author , and James PorterJames Porter More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002563.18AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Planning complex operations such as robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy requires surgeons to review two-dimensional Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images to understand three-dimensional, patient-specific anatomy. We compared surgeon-reported effects of virtual 3-dimensional (3D) models on operative planning to surgical outcomes for patients undergoing robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy. METHODS: Ninety-two patients undergoing robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy performed by eleven surgeons at six large teaching hospitals were prospectively enrolled and randomized in a randomized, single-blind, clinical trial. Patients were assigned either to a control group undergoing usual preoperative planning with CT and/or MRI imaging only, or to an intervention group where imaging was supplemented with a three-dimensional, virtual reality model. This model was viewed on the surgeon’s mobile phone in regular three-dimensional format, and in virtual reality using an off-the-shelf virtual reality headset. The primary outcome measure was operative time. Secondary outcomes were clamp time, estimated blood loss, and hospital length of stay. For the 47 patients in the intervention group, surgeons filled out a survey in which they rated various aspects of the model and operation, either using yes/no questions or a 5-point Likert scale. The clinical survey responses were then compared to the outcome measures to determine if they affected the operation. RESULTS: Forty-seven patients were analyzed, and were generally older (65.6±10.5 yrs), white (81%), and male (60%). After controlling for significant covariates, using a multivariable linear model, cases in which the surgeon reported modifying their preoperative plan (28%) after viewing the model had significantly lower operative time, estimated blood loss, and clamp time (p <0.05). Increasing confidence after viewing the model was associated with significantly lower operative time, estimated blood loss, and clamp time as well (p <0.05) (Table 1). CONCLUSIONS: Use of a virtual 3D VR model when performing robotic partial nephrectomy improves key surgical outcome parameters. Source of Funding: None © 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 207Issue Supplement 5May 2022Page: e400 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Joseph Shirk More articles by this author David Thiel More articles by this author Eric Wallen More articles by this author Jennifer Linehan More articles by this author Wesley White More articles by this author Ketan Badani More articles by this author James Porter More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

Development of a parametric model of a building of the educational institution in the OpenSCAD system

Not so long ago, the production of master models and prototyping was a complex and difficult process, prototypes were made by hand on the basis of complex developments and drawings. Now, with the advent of 3D technology, these processes have become much simpler and much more efficient. 3D modeling plays an important role in the life of modern society. 3D graphics are widely used in marketing, architecture, design and many other areas. 3D modeling is a limitless possibility. Three-dimensional models, animation, visualization - a generalized, but far from complete list of possibilities. 3D modeling allows you to create a prototype of a future building, a commercial product in three-dimensional format, printed on a 3D printer. The use of three-dimensional models of real objects is an unusual and interesting means of transmitting information, which can significantly increase the effectiveness of the presentation. OpenSCAD software was selected to perform the work. This open 3D modeling program allows the designer to model quite complex and accurate 3D models and parametric structures that can be easily adjusted by changing the parameters, the simulation itself is based on a program written in OpenSCAD. Therefore, the topic of the work "Development of a parametric model of a building of the educational institution in the OpenSCAD system" is relevant. The purpose of this work is to develop a parametric model of the building of the Ukrainian State University of Science and Technology using the OpenSCAD system.