Threat For Women Research Articles

Experimental evidence that activewear retail imagery elicits physiological, attentional and self-reported markers of body image threat in women

Online apparel retail imagery is a prominent threat to women’s body image, particularly segments such as activewear which emphasize the value of women’s bodies. In a within-subjects experiment, we exposed women (N = 128) to imagery randomly selected from activewear, casualwear and homewares websites and measured their gaze behavior, physiological arousal, as well as subjective emotional states and body image ratings. Exposure to activewear retail imagery elicited significantly lower body image ratings, a higher negative emotional state, and a lower positive emotional state compared to the other website imagery conditions. Physiological arousal was significantly higher for both apparel imagery conditions compared to the homewares imagery condition. Body biased gaze behavior was significantly higher for the activewear imagery condition compared to the casualwear imagery condition. Notably, body shame moderated the self-reported but not the physiological experimental effects, such that women with higher body shame experienced stronger adverse changes in their body image and emotional state ratings following activewear exposure. Correlations revealed that self-reported experimental responses to activewear imagery were strongly associated with self-objectification, appearance comparison, disordered eating and body image coping attitudes. Thus, exposure to popular apparel may play a role in maintaining maladaptive body image attitudes and behaviors in women.

Obesity and diabetes in heart disease in women

Heart disease remains a major health threat in women. Cardiometabolic risk factors such as obesity and diabetes differentially and adversely impact heart disease risk. Although obstructive coronary artery disease is an important cause of ischemic heart disease in women and is prognostic, women are more likely to have angina and myocardial ischemia without obstructive atherosclerosis, which has been attributed to coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is another condition that predominates in women. CMD and HFpEF are both associated with cardiometabolic risk factors that are prevalent in women. Women are also more likely to have additional risk-enhancing conditions such as autoimmune dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and sex-specific hormonal factors that adversely influence risk. In this review, we focus on cardiometabolic risk factors of obesity and diabetes in heart disease in women, including ischemic heart disease from CMD, HFpEF, and arrythmias. Team-based care to focus on cardiometabolic risk reduction is needed to alter adverse heart disease outcomes in women. Identification, education, treatment, and active surveillance of these dysmetabolic risk factors are imperative in the primary and secondary prevention of heart disease in women.

A comprehensive review on the functional role of miRNA clusters in cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer (CC) poses a significant health threat in women globally. MicroRNA clusters (MCs), comprising multiple miRNA-encoding genes, are pivotal in gene regulation. Various factors, including circular RNA and DNA methylation, govern MC expression. Dysregulated MC expression correlates strongly with CC development via promoting the acquisition of cancer hallmarks. Certain MCs show promise for diagnosis, prognosis and therapy selection due to their distinct expression patterns in normal, premalignant and tumor tissues. This review explains the regulation and biological functions of MCs and highlights the clinical relevance of abnormal MC expression in CC.

The Silent Threat in Women's Health: Work and Family Conflict.

This study aimed to examine the level of work-family conflict and the factors affecting it among women academic and administrative staff working at the university. The study is descriptive and cross-sectional. We collected data online from women academic and administrative staff at two different universities from December 2022 to June 2023. The data for the study were collected by using the Personal Information Form, Work-Family Conflict Scale, and Family-Work Conflict Scale. The mean Work-Family and Family-Work Conflict Scale scores of the female university staff participating in the study were 15.40 ± 5.02 and 12.02 ± 4.76, respectively. Academic staff were found to have higher mean scores in the Work-Family Conflict Scale (U = 1942.5, p = 0.034) and the Family-Work Conflict Scale (U = 1972, p = 0.042) than administrative staff. The Work-Family Conflict Scale score was affected by the status of sharing domestic responsibilities with the spouse (χ2 = 8.855, p = 0.012). Likewise, it was found that the Family-Work Conflict Scale score was affected by the presence of elderly and/or disabled individuals who were in need of help and support at home (U = 772, p = 0.030), family type (χ2 = 8.013, p = 0.018), and having children (U = 2917, p = 0.028). There was a significant negative correlation between the Work-Family Conflict Scale and daily time allocated to oneself and their spouse (r = -0.163, p = 0.034; r = -0.189, p = 0.013), and a significant positive correlation between the Work-Family Conflict Scale and number of children (r = 0.185, p = 0.04), age of children (r = 0.204, p = 0.03), and daily time allocated to child/children (r = 0.250, p = 0.001). Work-family conflict is affected by variables related to the work and family roles of university staff.

Traditional and Emerging Sex-Specific Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Women.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major health threat in women. While traditional CVD risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and smoking have been recognized for over 50 years, optimal control of these risk factors remains a major challenge. Unique sex-specific risk factors such as adverse pregnancy outcomes, premature menopause and low estrogen states, and chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorders also contribute to increased CVD risk in women. In addition, psychological risk factors such as stress, depression, and social determinants of health may have a disproportionately adverse impact in women. An improved understanding of traditional and emerging sex-specific CVD risk factors and management of modifiable factors is critical for clinicians who provide care for women. Early recognition and treatment of risk factors may alter the trajectory of adverse CVD events. A multi-disciplinary approach with team-based care involving multiple specialists and improved, targeted educational efforts are needed to reduce CVD risk factors and its adverse consequences in women.

High AUF1 level in stromal fibroblasts promotes carcinogenesis and chemoresistance and predicts unfavorable prognosis among locally advanced breast cancer patients

BackgroundLocally advanced breast cancer (LABC), the most aggressive form of the disease, is a serious threat for women's health worldwide. The AU-rich RNA-binding factor 1 (AUF1) promotes the formation of chemo-resistant breast cancer stem cells. Thereby, we investigated the power of AUF1 expression, in both cancer cells and their stromal fibroblasts, as predictive biomarker for LABC patients’ clinical outcome following neoadjuvant treatment.MethodsWe have used immunohistochemistry to assess the level of AUF1 on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Immunoblotting was utilized to show the effect of AUF1 ectopic expression in breast stromal fibroblasts on the expression of various genes both in vitro and in orthotopic tumor xenografts. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the WST1 assay, while a label-free real-time setting using the xCELLigence RTCA technology was utilized to assess the proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities of cells.ResultsWe have shown that high AUF1 immunostaining (≥ 10%) in both cancer cells and their adjacent cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) was significantly associated with higher tumor grade. Kaplan–Meier univariate analysis revealed a strong correlation between high AUF1 level in CAFs and poor patient’s survival. This correlation was highly significant in patients with triple negative breast cancer, who showed poor disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). High expression of AUF1 in CAFs was also associated with poor OS of ER+/Her2− patients. Similarly, AUF1-positive malignant cells tended to be associated with shorter DFS and OS of ER+/Her2+ patients. Interestingly, neoadjuvant therapy downregulated AUF1 to a level lower than 10% in malignant cells in a significant number of patients, which improved both DFS and OS. In addition, ectopic expression of AUF1 in breast fibroblasts activated these cells and enhanced their capacity to promote, in an IL-6-dependent manner, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stemness processes. Furthermore, these AUF1-expressing cells enhanced the chemoresistance of breast cancer cells and their growth in orthotopic tumor xenografts.ConclusionsThe present findings show that the CAF-activating factor AUF1 has prognostic/predictive value for breast cancer patients and could represent a great therapeutic target in order to improve the precision of cancer treatment.

Perempuan Korban Tindak Pidana Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tanggapada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Domestic Violence is a very serious threat for women because not only is the number of cases of violence experienced increasing, but the increase is also increasingly worrying. The number of female victims who experience domestic violence continues to increase every year, especially during the time the coronavirus spreads. The purpose of this study is to discuss the factors that cause women to become victims of criminal acts of domestic violence during the Covid-19 pandemic and to analyze countermeasures that can be taken to prevent women from becoming victims of criminal acts of domestic violence during the Covid-19 pandemic. -19. In conducting research, empirical law is used through criminological techniques used in research. Sources of legal materials consist of primary and secondary materials. The technique in collecting legal materials with data collection is by quoting, letting go, and providing proposals for legal materials than in the data in a loose note by recording the name of the author, book title, publisher name, publisher year, and page number quoted. The conclusions from the results of this study are the factors that women become victims of criminal acts of domestic violence include personality characteristics, past trauma, narcotics abuse, economic problems and the social environment. Countermeasures in the context of preventing women from becoming victims of criminal acts of domestic violence can be carried out in a preventive and repressive manner.

ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНЫЙ ПОДХОД В ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ ТРУБНОЙ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ

Ectopic pregnancy is still actual problem in gynecology nowadays due to its unpredictability and is serious threat for women’s life because in the case of interrupt it’s accompanied massive bleeding. Without contemporary treatment the death is potential. Nowadays there is no common treatment approach for patients with ectopic pregnancy. According to the literature frequency of treatment tactic is dependent of country. The purpose of the work is to assess the validity of the choice of the type of surgery for patients with ectopic pregnancy. The article presents the results of clinical observation of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of tubal pregnancy. The study included 103 case histories of patients whose age corresponded to the reproductive age period, according to WHO criteria (15-49 years) and ranged from 23 to 42 years. Based on the volume of surgical intervention, 5 observation groups were formed. The gynecological anamnesis, complaints of patients when contacting the emergency department, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics performed in dynamics, the choice of treatment tactics (organ-preserving or radical surgery) were analyzed. Based on the data obtained, recommendations for the treatment and follow-up of patients with tubal pregnancy were formed.

Pernikahan Dini Meningkatkan Risiko Kejadian Kanker Serviks

Background: The incidence and mortality from cervical cancer (cervical cancer) in the world second only to breast cancer. Meanwhile, in developing countries still ranks as the top cause of cancer deaths in the reproductive age. Cancer of the cervix is still a threat for women so it is called the "silent killer". Currently cervical cancer is still a matter of women's health should be taken seriously due to the high prevalence of cervical cancer in Indonesia. Early marriage is one factor that is suspected to be the cause of the high prevalence of cervical cancer in Indonesia.Objective: This study aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between early marriage with the risk of cervical cancer.Methods: This study is a correlation study is to determine whether there is a relationship early marriage with risk of cervical cancer in the village Pandes, Wedi, Klaten, Central Java.Results and Conclusion: Based on the analysis of data analysis known p value of 0.01 (p value <0.05), and is therefore interpreted the hypothesis is accepted that there is a significant relationship between marriage themselves with the risk of cervical cancer.Keywords: early marriage, cervical cancer

Women Involvement in Terrorism Action in Indonesia

This research is motivated by the increasing cases of involvement of women in acts of terrorism in Indonesia, the participation of women in acts of terrorism raises anxiety in Indonesian society and shows that currently there is an increase in the development of radicalism against women, they not only act as protectors or protectors but also today. acting as a combatant and being directly involved in acts of terrorism such as being a suicide bomber, this development is a threat that must be overcome by the Indonesian government. This article explains the development of the threat of women's involvement in acts of terrorism in Indonesia and how strategies can be implemented to overcome this. The data in this study came from interviews, documentation, and literature review and sourced from sources such as Densus 88, and BNPT. The results of this study explain that the involvement of women in the activities of radical terrorist groups is a new trend to avoid suspicion by security forces and groups that use the role of women as ISIS groups, several factors influence women to become involved in the actions of radical terrorist groups, namely due to marriage ties, friendship. , as well as social media. To overcome the trend of women being involved in acts of terrorism in Indonesia, several strategies are needed to overcome them: a humanitarian approach, an academic approach, and assistance in increasing literacy for women.

Association between household air pollution and child mortality in Myanmar using a multilevel mixed-effects Poisson regression with robust variance

Household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel use (SFU) for cooking is a major public health threat for women and children in low and middle-income countries. This study investigated the associations between HAP and neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality in Myanmar. The study consisted of 3249 sample of under-five children in the households from the first Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Fuel types and levels of exposure to SFU (no, moderate and high) were proxies for HAP. We estimated covariate-adjusted relative risks (aRR) of neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality with 95% confidence intervals, accounting for the survey design. The prevalence of SFU was 79.0%. The neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality rates were 26, 45, and 49 per 1000 live births, respectively. The risks of infant (aRR 2.02; 95% CI 1.01–4.05; p-value = 0.048) and under-five mortality (aRR 2.16; 95% CI 1.07–4.36; p-value = 0.031), but not neonatal mortality, were higher among children from households with SFU compared to children from households using clean fuel. Likewise, children highly exposed to HAP had higher risks of mortality than unexposed children. HAP increases the risks of infant and under-five child mortality in Myanmar, which could be reduced by increasing access to clean cookstoves and fuels.

North Korean women's reproductive health experience.

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of women's reproductive health in North Korea through statements from North Korean female refugees. A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted using Colaizzi's methods. Through purposive and snowball sampling, a total of eight North Korean women refugees were recruited. Data were collected through in-depth, unstructured interviews with individual participants. A total of 18 themes, eight theme clusters, and three categories emerged. The three categories of North Korean women's reproductive health experience were: distorted sexual concepts, internalization of sexual repression, and threat of women's health rights. The study on the reproductive health experiences of North Korean women was based on the premise that their "right to health was threatened due to the internalization of sexual repression by distorted sexual concepts." The reproductive health of North Korean women must be approached as a fundamental right, and as a human and health right.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae-induced salpingitis is targeted by circular RNA EIF3K via miR-139-5p and regulating MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway to promotes apoptosis and autophagy bacterial cells

BackgroundSalpingitis is a part of pelvic inflammation, which is a threat for women's health. With development of genetic engineering, circular RNAs were discovered to have connections with diseases of human. MethodsRT-qPCR was for analyzing expressions of EIF3K, miR-139-5p and RNAs related to apoptosis. CCK-8 was applied for detecting cell viabilities. Expressions of proteins in autophagy and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway was detected by western blot. Luciferase report assay was used to make sure binding situation between circEIF3K and miR-139-5p in cells. ResultsCircular EIF3K expressed lower in inflammatory cells with suppressing cell viabilities and promoting apoptosis and autophagy. MiR-139-5p could bind circEIF3K and promoted cell viabilities. Meanwhile, miR-139-5p could suppress apoptosis and autophagy. Functions of overexpressed EIF3K were restored by miR-139-5p in cell viabilities, apoptosis and autophagy. Proteins in MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway expressed higher in inflammatory cells and overexpressed EIF3K could down regulate expressions of proteins. Inhibition then was resumed by up-regulated miR-139-5p. After proteins in MAPK signaling pathway was activated, apoptosis and autophagy was suppressed. ConclusionCircular EIF3K suppressed cell growth in salpingitis through inhibiting MAPK/NK-κB signaling pathway, which could be a potential factor for further studies in slpingitis.

Making Men Ridiculous: Juvenal and the Anxieties of the Individual by Christopher Nappa

Reviewed by: Making Men Ridiculous: Juvenal and the Anxieties of the Individual by Christopher Nappa Brian S. Hook Making Men Ridiculous: Juvenal and the Anxieties of the Individual. By Christopher Nappa. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 2018. Pp. xii + 224. Hardback, $75, ISBN: 978-0-472-13066-5. Does Juvenal want to “Make Rome Great Again”? This anachronistic (and uncomfortable) question floats to the surface of Nappa’s study of the failure of masculinity in Juvenal’s satires. Whether we read them as the words of Juvenal or of a fictive persona, Nappa argues, his core anxiety is that “despite his inherited marks of privilege (Italian heritage, male sex, free birth) the rest of ‘us’ will begin to treat him like one of ‘them’” (12). Nappa introduces the subject of his book as “identity, what constitutes it, and what undermines or threatens it” (2). He views the Satires as an examination of failed masculinity in Juvenal’s Rome. The perversions of poetry, patronage, marriage, wealth and other subjects of Juvenal’s satire are manifestations of this deeper “sense of exclusion and displacement” (31), which distinguishes Juvenal from the earlier satirists. Given Rome’s tradition based on virtus and male dominance, Nappa reads Juvenal’s satire as the expressions of a deep anxiety not simply about social performance or success, but about “a fundamental un- Romanness at the heart of Rome” (189). The author provides an excellent introduction not just to his study but to a brief history and the challenges of scholarship on satire and Juvenal. He acknowledges that he is not pursuing, at least not directly, questions of persona, the “unity” or logical argument of particular poems or the generic matrix of Juvenal’s satire or satire in general. This allows him the freedom to focus his study on particular images and themes that recur and echo the anxiety of identity. These include the body, class, gender and wealth as increasingly unstable markers of masculinity, and each is the focus of an individual chapter. Except for the second chapter that offers a reading of the programmatic Satire 1, Nappa ranges across satires and collects evidence for the persistence of these themes and the anxieties from Juvenal’s entire corpus. [End Page 499] Nappa’s readings of those recurring themes and images of failed masculinity are persuasive. His structure, random like Juvenal’s, fits his thesis well. In Chapter 3 he traces the ways that the (usually Roman) male body is threatened by external forces with examples from Satires 1, 3, 8, 10, 15 and 16; in Chapter 4, he focuses on Juvenal’s treatment of “those who have…debased themselves willingly” (93) with examples from Satires 2, 5, 8 and 11; the threat of women is the subject of Chapter 5, focused almost exclusively on Satire 6 but with examples from 10; the role of wealth in defining and undermining “manhood” focuses on Satires 6 and 9 with glances at 12 and 13. Nappa equivocates between the failure of Juvenal’s satire and the failure of Juvenal, person or persona: “… all of the many concerns of Juvenal (person or persona) orbit a center that is a conception of normative masculinity as it fails” (23). Reading these satires as a performance of failure is an extremely literary way of reading them, and it clashes with the claim that these satires are motivated by the anxieties produced by such failures. Since we read similar anxieties of failure in the works of Statius, Martial, Tacitus and Pliny, why would we imagine that Juvenal is writing about them from a fictive place? To do so makes Juvenal more like us, when he seems not to be. What Nappa describes as the “chaos of class, race, and gender” in Juvenal’s castigation of Lateranus in Satire 8 (99), most of Juvenal’s contemporary readers would celebrate as diversity. The author stops short of saying that the voice of the satires is Juvenal’s own. In fact, he says that it does not matter, because we will always have no more than “a selective version of the writer,” or a default persona, in the words of any first-person author...

Relation of Knowledge About Breast Cancer with Breast Self-Examination (BSE) Behavior Implementation on Childbearing Age Women in Bandung

Breast cancer is a serious threat for women all over the world including Indonesia. Self Breast-Examination (BSE) is one of important early detection efforts in reducing morbidity and mortality due to breast cancer. The implementation of BSE as a behavior is influenced by many factors, including knowledge. This study aims was to analyze the relation of knowledge about breast cancer with the behavior of BSE implementation on childbearing age women at Bandung, West Java. Cross-sectional design was used with 420 respondents. Women over the age of 20 were randomly selected to participate in this study. Questionnaire was used as data collection instrument. Data was analyzed by using Chi-Square with statistical significance level at p <0.05. The results showed that 56.2% of respondents had good knowledge about breast cancer and 43.8% were still at low level, while the implementation of BSE was also still low at 39% (IK 95%: 34, 5% -43.8%). There was significant relation between knowledge about breast cancer and the behavior of BSE implementation on childbearing age women in Bandung (p <0.001).

Abstract LB-389: miR133a-3p sensitizes breast cancer cells by targeting GSTP1

Abstract Breast cancer is a main threat for women's health and mammary carcinogenesis is attributed to estrogen receptor α (ERα)-mediated signaling pathways. Tamoxifen is one of the most effective ERα-targeting antiestrogen therapies to treat breast cancer. However, tamoxifen resistance remains a major hurdle in the long-term management of breast cancer. Glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GSTP1) is one of the major non-hepatic GST family and plays important role in detoxification. Our previous study has shown that GSTP1 is a modulator for ERα signaling in tamoxifen-resistant MCF7 breast cancer cells (LCC3) and other studies have proposed that GSTP1 is one of biomarkers for the diagnosis of breast cancer risk and drug resistance. In the present study, a microRNA (miR) 133a-3p is identified as a functional modulator for GSTP1 expression and cell proliferation in LCC3 cells. We have found that level of miR133a-3p was much lower and the GSTP1 expression at both mRNA and protein was higher in LCC3 cells compared to MCF7 cells. Treatment of miR133a-3p mimics decreased the levels of GSTP1 in LCC3 cells. Finally, the miR133a-3p mimics resensitized the LCC3 cells against tamoxifen-induced cell death. Our data demonstrated that GSTP1 is the target of miR133a-3p in MCF7-derived breast cancer cells and miR133a-3p may play a critical role to overcome tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer chemotherapy. Citation Format: Minsun Chang, Xiyuan Liu, Eun Young Park. miR133a-3p sensitizes breast cancer cells by targeting GSTP1 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-389.

Stereotype threat, anxiety, instructor gender, and underperformance in women

Whatever their major, students are often required to take at least one course in statistics. After graduation, statistics is a key skill in numerous workplace settings. However, for many, it is a particularly difficult course. One factor that may play a role is the lingering misconception that women are not as good as men in mathematics subjects such as statistics. Belief in this gender stereotype can lead women to avoid taking this class and ultimately could contribute to their underrepresentation in many professions. Instructor gender may also be a factor that affects student performance. This study examined whether a female role model would reduce the detrimental effects of a gender/mathematics stereotype threat in women and improve their academic performance and retention rate. Several types of anxiety were measured to determine what aspects of anxiety might be most relevant to stereotype threat. For men, anxiety and performance were not related to the gender of their instructor or endorsement of the gender/mathematics stereotype. For women, mathematics anxiety and anxiety-about-the-specific-class were related to their endorsement of the stereotype. Having a female instructor initially led to higher rates of underperformance on the first examination among women as compared to men. Continued interaction with a female role model, however, reduced this deficit for women by the end of the semester. Understanding this process may help educators better prepare women for success in both academia and the professional world.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Domestic Violence against Iranian Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BackgroundViolence against women in families is the most common form of violence against them. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of domestic violence and its effects on married women of Ilam.MethodsIn this descriptive-sectional research, 334 married women referred to medical health centers in Ilam were selected to participate using a random sampling method. After obtaining their consent to participate in the study, participants responded to a 46 items questionnaire and responses were analyzed using IBM SPSS for Windows ver. 20.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA).ResultsThe majority of the participants reported experiencing domestic violence and emotional violence was more prevalent than other kinds of violence. Logistic regression analysis showed that lower education level, marriage at a younger age, shorter duration of marriage, fewer children, being a housewife, and husband's unemployment had a significant relationship with domestic violence against women.ConclusionThe high prevalence of wife abuse in Ilam especially emotional violence due to lower education levels and marriage at younger age could be a serious threat for women's health as well as for other members of the family. This could be a grounding factor for other social harms such as suicide and this issue must be studied from legal, religious, and cultural standpoints.

Salud mental en mujeres maltratadas por su pareja. Un estudio con muestras de México y España

Resumen Antecedentes. La violencia contra las mujeres se reconoce internacionalmente como un fenómeno social que representa un problema de salud pública y de derechos humanos. Su forma más común es la violencia de pareja, que afecta a corto y largo plazos la salud física y mental de las víctimas. Objetivo. Analizar el maltrato a la mujer por parte de su pareja en la población general mediante un estudio comparativo de mujeres de México y España. Para ello se estudiaron el impacto en la salud mental y la relevancia de los factores socioculturales en dicha violencia. Método. Estudio transversal con 101 mujeres mexicanas y 101 españolas de la población general evaluadas mediante siete pruebas psicológicas de maltrato de la pareja, salud mental, autoestima, apoyo social y actitudes hacia los roles de género. Resultados. La mayoría de las mujeres mexicanas y más de la mitad de las españolas sufrían violencia por parte de su pareja; el maltrato psicológico era el tipo de violencia más frecuente. Esto se asociaba con peor salud mental, menor apoyo social y actitudes más tradicionales hacia los roles de género. Discusión y conclusión. Los resultados del presente trabajo indican que la violencia de pareja, sobre todo la psicológica, es un problema común entre las mujeres de la población general, lo que coincide con los informes sobre la prevalencia de la misma en ambos países y parece estar influida por patrones socioculturales. El maltrato por parte de la pareja es una amenaza para la salud mental de las mujeres que requiere de atención poniendo énfasis en los factores socioculturales que la sostienen.

Use Your Imagination: College Women's Responses to a Social-Evaluative Body Image Threat

This study examined psychological and heart rate responses to an imagined social-evaluative body image threat in women (N = 97). Participants were randomly assigned to picture themselves trying on swimsuits in a store with a group of friends (social-evaluative threat) or alone (non-social-evaluative threat). Measures of state body image and heart rate recordings were completed prior to and following the scenario. A significant group-by-time interaction was found for state body image, F(2, 93) = 3.69, p = .03, with the highest body shame and social physique anxiety reported in the social-evaluative group. No differences were found for heart rate. The findings highlight the usefulness of imagined scenarios when examining psychological responses and the challenges of capturing changes in physiological outcomes.