Thousands Of Enterprises Research Articles

HRM in domestic small and medium-sized enterprises in post epidemic period

The unexpected outbreak of COVID-19 at the beginning of the year 2020 threw people's lives and work routines out of sync. The disease's continued spread had a damaging effect on the nation's overall economic and social growth as well as the essential interests of thousands of enterprises and their workers. Businesses are encountering additional difficulties as they try to restore labor and production now that the pandemic has resumed to its usual course. By using small and medium-sized businesses as the research object, examining and contrasting the causes of the challenges that small and medium-sized businesses face in the processes of hiring new employees, managing salaries, laying off workers, and employee sharing both before and after the epidemic, as well as putting forward alternative solutions, the goal of this paper is to increase the management efficiency of human resources and reduce the operating pressure of small and medium-sized businesses.

STUDY OF THE PROCESS OF OBTAINING A CATALYST FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF BENZENE BASED ON ETHYLENE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CYCLOHEXANE

Products of petrochemical industries are necessary for every modern person, thousands of enterprises in various industries. A result of the distillation of crude oil, cyclohexane ended up in naphtha, it was sent to catalytic reformers, where it was processed into benzene. Based on the results obtained in the laboratory for the synthesis of cyclohexane using ethylene, tests were carried out in the central laboratories Shurtan gas chemical complex. When analyzing the resulting product using gas chromatography, it was found thatabout 17.5% cyclohexane was formed. The technical parameters of the products (butadiene-1,3 and cyclohexane), synthesized by the staff of the National University of Uzbekistan and the Central Laboratory of the Shurtan Gas Chemical Complex, give approximate properties to imported cyclohexane at the JSC of the Shurtan Gas Chemical Complex.

Leading Intercultural Virtual Teams During the COVID-19 Pandemic – Research Results

Abstract Objective: The coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak has been officially classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), meaning the infection is progressing faster and faster in many countries simultaneously. The United States of America has announced a travel ban on 28 European countries, many countries have closed universities, schools and kindergartens, and large gatherings of people have been forbidden. Many companies including Google, Apple and Microsoft encourage or mandate employees to adopt a work-from-home policy. For companies in the modern technology industry, the infrastructure and policy necessary for remote working are undoubtedly already implemented. However, for many smaller companies and organizations the situation was very different. Remote working and virtual team management did not occur or were limited to only a few people. The aim of the article is to present the problems of leading virtual intercultural teams, with particular emphasis on the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: Contemporary texts in the domain of cross-cultural leadership have been reviewed. Relevant existing research has been reviewed and primary research conducted. The latter consisted of 24 IDIs (Individual In-depth Interviews) with employees from various Polish organizations. Findings: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced thousands of enterprises to let their employees work remotely, but many of these companies were not as technologically prepared for the situation as they thought. We are faced with increasing international cooperation and coordination. The outbreak of COVID-19 has accelerated the need for clear standards in remote and virtual teamwork. The article analyzed the positive and negative aspects of the impact of COVID-19 on organizations and ways of virtual leadership. Value Added: This article answers the questions about the main problems faced by managers who had to lead teams in a virtual way. Recommendations: The author is aware of the fact that this is only an exploratory study. It is recommended that in order to gain a fuller picture of the issues underlying the findings, quantitative research with large number of respondents should be undertaken.

CORONAVIRUS AND THE ECONOMY: A CRISIS LIKE NEVER BEFORE OR JUST A TEMPORARY TRIP?

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the activities of all sectors of national economies. Worldwide business shutdowns and national lockdowns destroyed hundreds of million jobs; thousands of enterprises became bankrupt and major economies in Europe faced double-digit collapses. However, the anticipation of the economic recovery is influenced by pervasive uncertainty given by the unpredictable development of the virus.
 JEL: B22, H12

A systematic review on business analytics

Purpose: Business analytics, a buzzword of the recent decade, has been applied by thousands of enterprises to help generate more values and enhance their business performance. However, many aspects of business analytics remain unclear. This study clarifies the definition of business analytics combined with its functionality and the relation between business analytics and business intelligence. Moreover, we illustrate the applications of business analytics in both business areas and industry sectors and shed light on the education in business analytics. Ultimately, to facilitate future research, we summarize several research techniques used in the literature reviewed.Design/methodology/approach: We set well-established selection criteria to select relevant literature from two widely recognized databases: Scopus and Web of Science. Afterward, we reviewed the literature and coded relevant sections in an inductive way using MAXQDA. Then we compared and synthesized the coded information.Findings: There are mainly four findings. Firstly, according to the bibliometric analysis, literature about business analytics is growing exponentially. Secondly, business analytics is a system that enabled by machine learning techniques aiming at promoting the efficiency and performance of an organization by supporting the decision-making process. Thirdly, the application of business analytics is comprehensive, not only in specific areas of a company but also in different industry sectors. Finally, business analytics is interdisciplinary, and the successful training should involve technical, analytical, and business skills.Originality/value: This systematic review, as a synthesis of the current research on business analytics, can serve as a quick guide for new researchers and practitioners in the field, while experienced scholars can also benefit from this work, taking it as a practical reference.

FPO Emerging as the New MSME or Village Industry

The fledgling farmer producer organisations (FPO) have a statutory status but need better appreciation. They have a crucial role in doubling the farmer’s income. Seventy-five National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) funded FPOs in Telangana (out of 129 FPOs among the thousands of enterprises in the state formed/funded up to the year 2018) were studied—starting with a numerical perspective before moving onto an entrepreneurial study in this desk-based analysis. The coverage has been found to be skewed in 59 (out of 584 ) mandals (blocks) in 23 (out of 31) districts in Telangana. The top as well as poorly performing three districts each have been identified for further action besides proposing the use of a metric of FPO density/1000 cultivators. It is also to be noted that eight districts (accounting for about a third of the cultivator population) have been left uncovered by the FPO activity (especially Hyderabad district which can be a crucible for unique and novel enterprises). The interactions of FPO-promoters and FPO-age have been studied. Their entrepreneurial activities have been examined and it was found to be diverse with little value addition in these and little service activity taken up. It seeks to further the argument that FPOs can be equated with micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs)/village industries so that benefits to industries also flow here. The author agrees with the results of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor study regarding entrepreneurial behaviour. It is proposed to examine in a serial manner the growth, membership, financial stakes, etc. in the future studies for their greater understanding.

Methods of forecasting calculations of breakthrough wave at hydrodynamic accidents waterstorage dam

The article gives the method of calculation of water storages dam at hydro technical accidents.From natural disasters floods (flooding of water in the area and settlements) by the frequency of occurrence of the phenomenon, the area of distribution and the annual material damage ranked first. Moreover, in recent years, the world has seen an increase in the number and extent of floods and the associated social and economic losses. Both at present and in the foreseeable future, floods as a natural disaster cannot be completely prevented everywhere and everywhere, they can only be weakened, localized and with timely warning to minimize material damage. Therefore, one of the largest floods in recent years, that occurred in the West Kazakhstan region in the spring of 2011 and which took place without casualties, resulted in the allocation of more than 19 billion tenge in damage recovery from damage. Unplanned and inconsistent with general measures during floods and floods, the descent of these reservoirs can exacerbate the effects of flooding. The technical condition of the channel dams is especially dangerous. In case of possible accidents on these dams, many settlements, thousands of enterprises, millions of hectares of agricultural land can get into the affected area.Based on the results of full-scale leveling surveys, forecasting calculations of the breakthrough of the water reservoir dams of Bartogay, Kapshagay and Kurty hydrounits have made.Attached graphics show a dependence of water consumption at the dam breakthrough on the distance from the dam gates.

Informing transport infrastructure investments using TraNSIT: A case study for Australian agriculture and forestry

Transport infrastructure is essential to moving over 85 million tonnes of agricultural products and 30 million cubic metres of timber from farms and production areas to domestic and international markets each year in Australia. Agriculture supply chains in Australia are characterised by long distances with transport costs accounting for up to 40 percent of the market price. Targeted infrastructure investment and/or regulatory changes can substantially reduce transport-related logistics costs. To provide a comprehensive view of transport logistics costs and benefits due to infrastructure investments and regulatory changes in agriculture and forestry supply chains, CSIRO developed a computer-based tool – the Transport Network Strategic Investment Tool (TraNSIT). TraNSIT optimises transport routes for upto hundreds of thousands of enterprises and millions of vehicle trips between farms and their markets, providing information on routing to maximise cost efficiencies. Through an Australian Government initiative, TraNSIT was applied to over 30 commodities representing 98% of Australian agricultural and plantation forestry volume transported by road and rail. TraNSIT is now a comprehensive logistics tool that has been applied to the largest agricultural supply chain dataset ever assembled in Australia. This paper provides an overview of TraNSIT, its adaptation to agriculture and forestry logistics as part of the project, and its application to several case studies in Australia including new road links, rail versus road and flooding.

Return Migration of Rural Youth: A New Trend in Rural India

Return migration is the ‘voluntary movement of migrants back to their place of origin’. It is the logical consequences of the successful achievement of all migration-related goals and targets. It is becoming a common phenomenon in rural India. Among South Indian states viz., Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala were selected for the study and 25 enterprises of each metropolitan cities of three states were examined, the results of the study indicates that in 2010 average 35 youths had joined for any kind of job in different enterprises of three metropolitan cities of south India, in same year only seven youths had returned to their respective village. But in 2017, only 88 youths had joined the different enterprises and 58 youths were returned to their respective village. This was an average picture of 25 enterprises of each metropolitan city since there are thousands of enterprises which provide job to the rural youths in the urban area so we can imagine the severity of this new trend. Return migration is caused not only by economic factor but many others like social, political, cultural, environmental, health and education factors played a very vital role in the process of return migration of the rural youth.

Informing major government programs for rural transport infrastructure in northern Australia

New or expanded agricultural industries in northern Australia require efficient and reliable supply chains and transport to domestic and international markets. A major challenge in the north is long transport distances of over 1000km between production and markets, along a sparse rural road/rail network that is largely unsealed and disrupted by seasonal flooding. To provide a comprehensive view of transport logistics costs and benefits due to infrastructure investments and regulatory changes in agriculture supply chains, the Australian Government commissioned CSIRO to develop the Transport Network Strategic Investment Tool (TraNSIT). TraNSIT optimises transport routes for up to hundreds of thousands of enterprises and millions of vehicle trips between farms and their markets, providing modelled input into operational and investment decisions. As part of a major Australian Government initiative, TraNSIT was used to directly inform the A$100 million 2016 Beef Roads Program targeting transport infrastructure investments across northern Australia. It was used to evaluate the transport savings for 60 road upgrade submissions, where the total construction cost exceeded A$3 billion. This paper highlights the innovations and experiences of using TraNSIT to inform the Beef Roads Program.

The Issues of Real Estate Valuation in the Process of Privatization

Abstract The process of privatization in our country was characterized and unfortunately is still characterized by very important difficulties. The purpose of the research is to analyze the issues of real estate valuation in the process of privatization. In Georgia, the privatization process began after dissolution of the Soviet system. It should be noted that the process of privatization is of particular importance in terms of activation of investment activities in the country. In this regard, privatization can be considered one of the essential and most important incentives for attracting investments by the state. Currently, thousands of enterprises have already been privatized, but there are still quite many stateowned production facilities and property. Determination of the market value of the items of state-owned property is especially important when selling them at auctions or on competitive basis. In addition, one of the causes for incompetent privatization of the state-owned property at the early stage is disregard of the institute of appraisers of movable and immovable property, who did not participate in determining the market value of the property and in the privatization process. The information assessment, analysis, comparison and generalization, as well as systematic, quantitative, qualitative and logical generalization methods are used in the article.

Engineering database hardware and software together

Since its inception, Oracle's database software primarily ran on customer configured off-the-shelf hardware. A decade ago, the architecture of conventional systems started to become a bottleneck and Oracle developed the Oracle Exadata Database Machine to optimize the full hardware and software stack for database workloads. Exadata is based on a scale-out architecture of database servers and storage servers that optimizes both OLTP and Analytic workloads while hosting hundreds of databases simultaneously on the same system. By using database specific protocols for storage and networking we bypass limitations imposed by conventional network and storage layers. Exadata is now deployed at thousands of Enterprises including 4 of the 5 largest banks, telecoms, and retailers for varied workloads such as interbank funds transfers, e-commerce, ERP, Cloud SaaS applications, and petabyte data warehouses. Five years ago, Oracle initiated a project to extend our database stack beyond software and systems and into the architecture of the microprocessor itself. The goal of this effort is to dramatically improve the performance, reliability and cost effectiveness of a new generation of database machines. The new SPARC M7 processor is the first step. The M7 is an extraordinarily fast conventional processor with 32-cores per socket and an extremely high bandwidth memory system. Added to its conventional processing capabilities are 32 custom on-chip database co-processors that run database searches at full memory bandwidth rates, and decompress data in real-time to increase memory bandwidth and capacity. Further, the M7 implements innovative fine-grained memory protection to secure sensitive business data. In the presentation we will describe how Oracle's engineering teams integrate software and hardware at all levels to achieve breakthrough performance, reliability, and security for the database and rest of the modern data processing stack.

Employee Financial Participation in Businesses: Is It Worth Discussing?

This paper is an overview of the achievements in the area of employee financial participation (EFP) during the last fifty years. It addresses the question of the extent to which EFP is relevant in today’s world. EFP is distinguished from participation in management (industrial democracy), and the various types of EP are discussed. The major arguments for EFP are presented and discussed critically. The evolution of major forms of EFP, the scale of their operation in several advanced economies, and the legal and tax incentives for EFP are described. The efforts of European Union bodies to popularise this idea in all member countries are illustrated. Showing that EFP has become a broadly recognised principle of modern management in thousands of enterprises, we consider opportunities for disseminating these solutions on a wider scale, in particular in Poland. Finally, a number of directions for further research on financial participation are considered.

Modernizing Latin American Company Law: Creating an All-Purpose Vehicle for Closely Held Business Entities – The New Simplified Stock Corporation

The introduction of the new Simplified Stock Corporation in Colombia in 2008 has changed the closely-held-entity landscape in the region by displacing backward-looking notions imbedded in traditional Company Laws in Latin America. The SAS revolution has been so profound that during 2010 (the second year after the entity was legally adopted) there was an increase of more than 100% in the number of incorporations of this type of company in comparison with the previous year. At the same time, the overall number of business entities created in that same period was augmented by more than 25%. This paper suggests that a simple, but comprehensive, change in the legal framework can significantly contribute to the formalization of thousands of enterprises that otherwise would remain in absolute informality. Empirical observation reveals that such an overhaul in the Company Law infrastructure significantly impacts economic development. In fact, the new regularized business entities can be identified through mercantile publicity, and their degree of observance of the law, whether by paying taxes or abiding by labor regulations has risen markedly in Colombia. Above all, these new simplified corporations have access to credit and are given the opportunity to grow beyond the typically crippling micro-enterprise size.

The Impact of Mobile Telephony on Developing Country Enterprises: A Palestinian Case Study

AbstractThis paper aims to explore the use and impact of mobile telephony on the performance of companies in developing countries, through a nationwide survey comprised of thousands of enterprises representing a true sample of the business sector in Palestine. This paper complements studies that make the linkage between mobile communications and economic activities at micro or enterprise level. It analyses the adoption patterns and rational behind these patterns as revealed by the business owners and managers of Palestinian enterprises. Porter's value chain is used as a framework to assess the impact of mobile telephony in work processes.The survey covered thousands of enterprises of all sizes and economic activities, selected to embody a representative sample of the Palestinian business sector. It further explores the views of the owners and managers of these enterprises regarding the use of ICTs. The study reveals that mobile phones have meaningfully enhanced internal processes and the overall value chain. Most notably, mobile phones were effective in bridging the information and connectivity gap businesses in developing countries ordinarily suffer.The study has also found that small and micro enterprises gain from the use of mobiles the same as what large enterprises do, especially in mainstream operations like marketing and sales, information flow, and provision of customer services. This is happening at the time when there is a huge difference in resources between the two categories of enterprises. The study came to conclude that mobile benefits are not favoring one business sector from the other, in the sense that all business sectors are capable of tailoring mobile phone services to suit their needs.

The Akamai network

Comprising more than 61,000 servers located across nearly 1,000 networks in 70 countries worldwide, the Akamai platform delivers hundreds of billions of Internet interactions daily, helping thousands of enterprises boost the performance and reliability of their Internet applications. In this paper, we give an overview of the components and capabilities of this large-scale distributed computing platform, and offer some insight into its architecture, design principles, operation, and management.

Passport Without A Visa: Open Source Software Licensing and Trademarks

Open source software has defied its sceptics and become a big business. Governments at the national, state and local level across the globe are requiring open source in their projects. Almost all major commercial software vendors use or distribute code under some open source license. As a user, it's hard to go a day on the web without interacting with some open source code which has replaced many server side legacy products. Worldwide more than 350 million consumers use open source software products and thousands of enterprises use open source code1.The best known open source brand is still probably the Linux operating system, but as open source projects and companies proliferate, the importance of brands to differentiate these offerings is on the rise. Trademarks, the legal rights that form the foundation for brand identity, will necessarily play a larger role in the open source world.

An offer of partnership or a promise of conflict in Dharavi, Mumbai?

The first part of this paper, by Sheela Patel, provides a backdrop to Jockin's letter about the current government plans to redevelop Dharavi, a large inner-city township within Mumbai with hundreds of thousands of inhabitants and tens of thousands of enterprises. The second part is the text of an open letter by Jockin Arputham from the National Slum Dwellers Federation to the government and private developers that was released to the press in June 2007 and that received widespread coverage in newspapers and other media around the world. This open letter is an offer of partnership in such redevelopments from the organizations and federations of slum dwellers in Mumbai and elsewhere to government agencies and developers. But it is also a warning of the disruptions that the slum dwellers will bring if they are not involved in the planning and implementation of such redevelopments.

How Industrial Reform Worked in China: The Role of Innovation, Competition, and Property Rights

In China early attempts at partial reform unleashed forces that, fifteen years later, have brought China's economy to the brink of a market system. The participation of tens of thousands of enterprises and millions of administrators, managers, and workers over the duration of the reform eventually built a constituency for market-directed change that was far stronger than any official announcement could have produced. Gradual and partial reform shifted the economy toward a market system under a regime of growth, improved productivity, accelerated technical change, and rising exports. Reactions of firms and governments focused increasingly on innovation, cost reduction, and further deregulation, deepening the cumulative impact of reform, rather than on rent-seeking and subsidies. This process of reform is very different from the top-down, centrally planned approach to reform that is widely advocated by international organizations and economic researchers, but it has produced a durable reform constituency that easily rebuffed high-level efforts to roll back reform in the wake of the inflation scare and political repression of 1989.

The rocky road from a command economy to a market economy: Comparisons, analyses, addenda, and outlook

The concluding section of this issue of TF&SC attempts to summarize and supplement the findings reported in the articles regarding the type, qualities, and dimensions of the problems encountered when, after 40 or more years of command economy rule, there is a striving to introduce market economies. The primary difficulties are as follows: 1. The old system was living from substance, wearing it out, leaving deep scars behind: severe environmental decay, reduced human life expectancies, a worn-out and inadequate physical, economic, and administrative infrastructure. 2. Industrial structures are highly bureaucratized, inefficient, and monopolized, operating at very low productivities; there is underemployment and a lack of understanding of markets and market requirements and needs. 3. The countries were ruled by political, bureaucratized superstructures, controlled by secret police forces, some of which are still felt to be active. The difficulties to be overcome in transition to both democracy and a market economy are the following: 1. Privatization issues: ownership questions, time- and resource-consuming procedures in settling ownership rights, establishing opening balance sheets/values of assets, debts, and obligations to be assigned for firms to be privatized. 2. Reconstruction /rehabilitation of firms, industries, regions and infrastructures in decay; improving productivity, establishing/developing markets, and so forth. 3. Problems of both structural and transitional unemployment, often in monostructured regions; retraining, upgrading, motivating, and, in some cases, moving people. 4. Finding competent managers and people for industry, trade, and commerce, leading personnel for public administration and infrastructural organizations and institutions (for example, lawyers), as well as entrepreneur- minded people at large. 5. Finding competent buyers for many thousands of enterprises, to start or continue to run firms under new conditions. 6. Finding access to financial resources to cover needs in industry, trade, commerce, and infrastructure; to finance urgently needed rehabilitation of the environment. The summary uses the German-German case as a catalyst and point of departure, for both comparisons, analyses, and approaches proposed as well as malfunctions and blind alleys to be avoided. The difficulties encountered in the German-German case not only shed light on those (to be) faced in the other reform countries' transformation, under much less conducive conditions, but also illustrate why the Soviet perestroika attempts are doomed to failure. An analysis of value and behavior differences over time and in the countries discussed concludes the summary.