Thiruvallur District Research Articles

Assessment of hydrogeochemical characteristics and potable quality of groundwater around Retteri lake in Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, India

Assessment of hydrogeochemical characteristics and potable quality of groundwater around Retteri lake in Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, India

A Comparative Study on 2015 and 2023 Chennai Flooding: A Multifactorial Perspective

Floods are highly destructive natural disasters. Climate change and urbanization greatly impact their severity and frequency. Understanding flood causes in urban areas is essential due to significant economic and social impacts. Hydrological data and satellite imagery are critical for assessing and managing flood effects. This study uses satellite images, climate anomalies, reservoir data, and cyclonic activity to examine the 2015 and 2023 floods in Chennai, Kanchipuram, and Thiruvallur districts, Tamil Nadu. Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) satellite data were used to delineate flood extents, and this information was integrated with reservoir data to understand the hydrological dynamics of floods. The classification and regression tree (CART) model delineates flood zones in Chennai, Kanchipuram, and Thiruvallur during the flood years. The study region is highly susceptible to climatic events such as monsoons and cyclones, leading to recurrent flooding. The region’s reservoirs discharged floodwaters exceeding 35,000 cubic meters per second in 2015 and 15,000 cubic meters per second in 2023. Further, the study examines the roles of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), which reached its peak values of 0.33 and 3.96 (positive IOD), and El Niño in causing floods here. The complex network of waterways and large reservoirs poses challenges for flood management. This research offers valuable insights for improving the region’s flood preparedness, response strategies, and overall disaster management.

Assessment of water, sanitation and hand hygiene practices in rural households of Tamil Nadu: A cross-sectional study.

Water is a basic human right essential to all for sustainable development. Sanitation is one of the determinants of quality of life and the human development index. Drinking unsafe water impairs health through illnesses such as diarrhoea, and untreated excreta contaminates ground waters and surface waters used for drinking, bathing and household purposes. To assess the existing facilities and practices related to drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene among household members in the rural population of Tamil Nadu and to assess whether accessibility and availability of safe drinking water and adequate sanitation under sustainable development goal 6 is being achieved in the rural population of Tamil Nadu. This community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 200 households in the rural field practice area of the Medical College and Hospital, Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu. The participants were interviewed using a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire on their existing water, sanitation, and hand washing facilities and practices. Our study observed that 71.5% of households had piped water supply into their dwellings, 82% were using sanitary latrines and 28% had closed drainage for draining wastewater. Twenty-eight percent were using soap and water for hand-washing before food, and 82.5% were doing hand-washing with soap after using the toilet. In our study, the association between sanitary practices and education, occupation and socioeconomic status was statistically significant. Our study emphasized the need for strengthening health education and behaviour change communication regarding sanitation and hand hygiene practices.

TRADITIONALLY USED MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR WOUND HEALING IN THIRUVALLUR DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU, INDIA

The present study aims to enumerate the ethno-medicinal uses of plants by the Irular communities residing around the Thiruvallur district. The medicinal use of (49) plants belonging to 39 families was identified and recorded by the tribes, along with their botanical identities and methods of drug preparation. The drugs administered locally to heal wounds, including antibiotics, antiseptics, etc., and the necessary information related to the traditional medicinal plants were highlighted in this paper. Wound healing activity is a cellular and biochemical process for restoring the original structure and functions of damaged tissue. The wound may occur from a physical, chemical, thermal, microbial, or immunological insult to the tissues. Various parts of the plants have been in use for several years in tribal communities, traditionally for treating many diseases like skin, colic, sores, cancer, etc. Due to their minimal side effects. The natural agents present in the plants induce wound healing and regeneration from tissue loss by multiple mechanisms. Plant extracts have immense potential for the treatment of wound healing activity. In this review, we focused on the wound healing activity with the pharmacological process of medicinal plants.

Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Using Who/Ish Risk Prediction Charts among Adult Population In a Rural Area in Thiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu

Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Using Who/Ish Risk Prediction Charts among Adult Population In a Rural Area in Thiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu

Oral Health Policy Framing For Thirumazhisai Town Panchayat, Thiruvallur District, Tamilnadu

Introduction Oral health is an integral part of general health and no individual can be considered fully healthy while there is active disease in the mouth as “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity. Aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of oral diseases and treatment needs among 5 years, 12 years, 15 years, 35–44 years, and 65–74 years age group population residing in Thirumazhisai town panchayat, India. Materials and methods It is a Cross- sectional study conducted in Thirumazhisai town panchayat. Permanent residents with the index age group -5, 12, 15, 35- 44, 65-74 years were included. A systematic random sampling methodology is used to carry out a cross sectional study in Thirumazhisai. Sample size, N= 207. Data collection to be done using a pre-tested questionnaire and clinical examination of study participant. The first part involved collection of demographic information of participant. The dentition status, oral mucosal lesions and treatment needs were assessed based on WHO proforma. All the subjects were examined under adequate illumination using plane mouth mirror and CPITN probe. Results In this study, among 35 to 44 years age group 27%(56) were females and 19.4%(40) were males. Prevalence of dental caries was found to be high about 42% among 35-44 years age group. Prevalene of partial denture wearers ( lower denture about 5.3% and upper denture about 4.8%) among 35-44 years old age group population. Prevalence of complete denture (about 2.4% )was found to be more among 65-74 years age group of study population Conclusion In the present study, Preventive treatment was highly required among 12 years age group of study subjects.. Urgent treatment was highly required among 35-44 years old study population. Prevalence of dental caries and partial denture wearers was found to be high among 35-44 years old age group of study population.

Awareness of Financial Inclusion: An Empirical Study in Tiruttani Taluk, Thiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu.

The Indian government consistently makes efforts to include rural people in the organized financial system. This initiative not only boosts the Indian economy by encouragement of savings habit, but also facilitates rural development through access to banking facilities, services like gas subsidies etc. The term “financial inclusion” may vary under different ruling parties, but the primary objective remains consistent: to uplift the bottom of the financial market pyramid. The current state of affairs indicates that the present government has achieved some success by opening approximately 12.54 crore new bank accounts (as of January 2015) and accumulating deposits of over Rs. 5000 crore (up to November 2014) through the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), a new form of financial inclusion. However, it is evident that a significant portion of the rural market remains untapped and under-explored. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the awareness of financial inclusion schemes among rural customers in Tiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu. The study seeks to understand how effectively these initiatives are reaching the intended beneficiaries and identify areas for improvement. By enhancing awareness and accessibility, we can further empower rural communities and promote inclusive economic growth.

A Study on Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises in Tamil Nadu: Growth, Contribution and Problems with Special Reference to Chennai and Thiruvallur Districts

Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME) development has been one of the main planks of India’s financial development approach considering the fact that independence. In most of the developed nations, the function played by MSME is enormous. Many Nations, each evolved and growing countries projected that the small enterprise quarter is carrier ache for the boom and for advent of new employment opportunities broadly in a short duration. Employment is the exceptional way to lessen poverty within the united states traditional characteristic and vintage strategies is out dated. The final results isn't enough to satisfy the primary elements of the people, as it add advantageous outcomes to the India’s gross home products. MSME performs a prime function in Indian monetary shape. Its improvement is plenty higher than different growing international locations with the development of small business sector. It has coined many polices geared toward the development of the industries in public and private domain, specially in MSME. MSME plays a pivotal function in deliberate development in India all through the past 10 years with its benefits of low investment, the immoderate potential for employment generations, type of the industrial base, and scattering industries to rural or semi-urban areas. It has slowed to the general development inside the finances of GDP, employment generation, and specialists. The execution of the MSME zone has an immediate effect on the improvement of the normal economy.

A Study on the Awareness Status of Health Insurance Schemes: Among the Waste Collectors in Poonamallee, A Municipal Corporation in Thiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu.

Economic growth is fuelled in proportion to the stances of Liberalisation, Globalization and Privatization. Waste accumulation made India a “POOL OF WASTE" or Waste generation is a major problem in a city like GREATER CHENNAI. The urban population is on increase, the waste collectors and their helping hand in making capital cities clean “CLEAN INDIA” is indispensable. Growth in the number of waste pickers helps in waste management. Waste collectors are different from Rag pickers. Waste collection is a type of informal work that provides survival to large number of poverty-stricken people in India. They are exposed to toxins and the working environment also lacks protection. There is no health insurance policy exclusively for waste pickers and the available schemes are also not accessed by them. Waste Collectors from Poonamalleee municipality, Thiruvallure District, Tamil Nadu are most vulnerable socially, economically and also on health ground. Socially they are subject to harassment and sexual abuse- Health needs of these people are not met due to poor awareness and accessibility. The migrant workers are worse affected and the fruits of Government Health Insurance Schemes do not reach them. Government initiation is essential to make this Informal Waste Collecting group to enjoy the fruits of Government Health Insurance Schemes and Policy.

Adherence to Self-care Practices among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Rural Area of Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Developing countries like India are facing an increased threat from both non communicable and communicable diseases. The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) among non communicable diseases has been rapidly increasing in India. The complications of diabetes, including both acute and chronic effects, impact the physical, mental, and social well being of patients. The effectiveness of diabetes management solely depends on the self-care practices adopted by individuals and their family members. Aim: To evaluate the patterns of self-care practices among diabetic patients and the factors associated with them. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 206 diabetic patients in and around the rural field practice area of ACS Medical College and Hospital in Thiruvallur district, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from June 2022 to November 2022. Type 2 DM patients aged ≥18 years were included in the study. The participants were interviewed about their diabetic status and various parameters of self-care practices, using the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (SDSCA) score. The Chi-square test was applied to assess the relationship between self-care practices and factors such as age and gender. Results: The mean age of the participants was 47±10 years. The present study observed that the overall prevalence of poor selfcare practices was low, with 92 participants (44.7%) exhibiting poor practices and 114 participants (55.3%) demonstrating good self-care practices. In the current study, the association between self-care activities and education level, as well as the clinical profile of the patients, was statistically significant. A negative linear correlation was found between self-care practice scores and blood glucose levels. Conclusion: Self-care behaviours among diabetes patients were found to be good in more than half of the study population. These behaviours were significantly associated with age, education level, and complications of diabetes. The results emphasise the complex nature of self-care behaviours among individuals with DM and highlight the necessity for customised therapies that target individual challenges and foster supportive environments.

Compliance of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis of Anti-rabies Vaccine amongst Animal Bite Cases Attending Secondary Healthcare Hospital in Thiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-sectional Study

Compliance of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis of Anti-rabies Vaccine amongst Animal Bite Cases Attending Secondary Healthcare Hospital in Thiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-sectional Study

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Polycystic Ovarian Disease among Adolescent Girls at Selected College, Thiruvallur District

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Polycystic Ovarian Disease among Adolescent Girls at Selected College, Thiruvallur District

Green synthesis, molecular structure, spectroscopic, ADME, DFT and molecular docking studies on methyl 10-trans,12-cis-octadecadienoate

The methyl 10-trans, 12-cis-octadecadienoate (MOD) obtained from the methanol extract of Calotropis gigantea flowers was studied using spectroscopic, computational molecular modelling and DFT methods in the current work. The Calotropis gigantea flowers were collected from the surroundings of Tamil Nadu, India's Thiruvallur district. The preparation for extraction of bioactive compound from Plant - based green synthesis of MOD from Calatropis gigantea. The FTIR spectra of MOD have been measured between in 400 and 4000 cm−1. Density functional theory is employed to determine the geometry of the molecules, vibrational frequencies and geometrical parameters by using B3LYP/6–311++G (d, p) basis set. The identification of the modes of vibration depended on the potential energy distributions (PEDs) which have been computed. The HOMO-LUMO energies, chemical hardness, and electro negativity of the molecule have been determined via the DFT/B3LYP/6–311++G (d, p) method. The intra molecular interactions and hydrogen bonding have been interpreted using natural bond orbital analysis by NBO 3.1 program. UV–Visible absorption spectra in the wavelength range of 200–400 nm was noticed, which indicates a molecular exchange of charges inside the molecule. The time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) method adopted for this study to determine the excited states of the title molecule. The Argus Lab application was implemented to evaluate the molecular docking tests that were conducted to look at the anti-cancer capabilities of the MOD molecule against Caspase 3.

Analysis of Socioeconomics and Occupational Dimensions of Shrimp Farmers of Tamil Nadu

Studies on socioeconomic, communication media usage, occupational, and sociopsychological attributes of farmers are prerequisite for planning, designing, and successful implementation of sustainable management strategies of a sector which is true for Penaeus vannamei shrimp farming also. The state of Andhra Pradesh in India ranks first in shrimp farming. However, Tamil Nadu state has a lot of potential and is slowly catching with third position, so the baseline profile of shrimp farmers of Tamil Nadu was collected through interviews with 316 shrimp farmers in Nagapattinam, Mayiladuthurai, Thanjavur, and Thiruvallur districts. Most shrimp farmers were men of middle-age, with experience ranging from 1 to 5 years with secondary school to graduate level education. About 89.36% of shrimp farmers had taken loans for the purpose of shrimp farming whereas 78.16% were depending on income from shrimp farming as a repayment source. The benefit–cost ratio of shrimp farming was 2.2 indicating profitability so 79.37% of them were able to save money. However, for 86.53% this was a major expenditure too indicating its vital role in their life. For acquiring information for shrimp farming, 40% relied on friends and 24% relied on fellow farmers. Shrimp farmers were well-versed with the present-era mass-media and through smartphones they acquired information from apps like YouTube. Innovation proneness, scientific orientation, and economic motivation were found to be high in about 30% of farmers. Proper planning is essential for sustainable shrimp farming and sustaining the socioeconomic benefits. The studied attributes play an important role in formulation, designing, and successful implementation of sustainable shrimp farming.

Prevalence of anemia among school going adolescents in Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu

Background: Nutritional anemia, with iron-deficiency anemia as the most prevalent type, is a pressing global health concern, impacting two billion people worldwide. Among vulnerable groups, school-going adolescents aged 10 to 17 years require special attention due to the critical phase of growth and development during this period. This study aims to assess the prevalence of anemia and its association with sociodemographic factors among adolescents in Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 900 adolescent girls, utilizing a multistage sampling technique. Hemoglobin levels were measured using one-touch blood sampling, and physical examinations were performed by trained healthcare professionals. A structured questionnaire collected sociodemographic information, dietary habits, and lifestyle factors. Results: The study revealed a concerning prevalence of anemia, with 60% of the participants affected. Among these, 41.3% experienced moderate anemia, while 18.4% had mild anemia, and 0.4% had severe anemia. A significant correlation was observed between anemia prevalence and low socio-economic status among the participants. Conclusions: The high prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls in Thiruvallur district underscores the urgency of targeted interventions and public health initiatives to address this critical health issue. Improving nutrition, healthcare access, and socio-economic conditions are crucial steps in combating anemia's impact on school-going adolescents. Collaborative efforts from policymakers, healthcare providers, and community organizations are essential in eradicating nutritional anemia and enhancing the health and prospects of adolescents in the studied region.

A Comparative Study of Time Series Rainfall Prediction System in Thiruvallur District

Rainfall prediction plays a vital role in human life,science and technology.Many researchers has been developed various techniques in rainfall prediction.In the present study aims to developed a new sarima model along to the comparison with other statistical approaches such as various type of regression model and simple exponential smoothing model.The rainfall data set of thiruvallur district preceding 11 years(2012-2022) used to predict the proposed method.The comparison has been evaluated by Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE).

Assessment of shoreline changes and associated erosion and accretion pattern in coastal watersheds of Tamil Nadu, India

The coastal region is not a constant and depends on several physical elements. Analogous to the world trend, the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu are encountering sea level rise and associated shoreline changes. However, the rate of change is not uniform and varies considerably. The study revealed such differences in shoreline changes during the past 30 years and identified erosion and accretion patterns trends in Tamil Nadu's coastal watersheds, from Pulicat (Thiruvallur district) to Kodyar (Kanyakumari district). The study used remotely sensed Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) and OLI (Operational Land Imager) datasets to analyse shoreline changes from 1988 to 2018. The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tool is used to derive trends of shoreline changes by End Point Rate (EPR) and Net Shoreline Movement (NSM). The mean EPR is- 0.26 ​m/yr and NSM is-8.03 ​m/yr, suggesting the overall shoreline of the Tamil Nadu coast is shifting landward. However, the annual rates of EPR and NSM vary considerably from watershed to watershed, and therefore, these indices were used to categorise the coastal watersheds based on erosions and accretions. The results identified a high erosion rate in the watersheds of Coleroon, Arasalar (Nagapattinam), Gundar (Ramanathapuram), Vembar, Lower Vaippar (Thoothukkudi), Nambiyar, Hanuma (Tirunelveli), and Putian, Kodyar (Kanyakumari). Field surveys were conducted to verify ground conditions at 139 random locations along the 1000 ​km shoreline stretch. About 75% of respondents said they experience a very high to high risk of coastal erosion. The rates estimated by the study and categorisation of the coastal watersheds could be most helpful in evaluating the cumulative impact of coastal hazards and preparing sustainable development plans. The outcomes may also help to create awareness in more susceptible areas.

Economic Analysis of Cost of Production and Profitability of Watermelon in Thiruvallur District of Tamil Nadu in India

The current study, "Economic Analysis of Cost of Production and Profitability of Watermelon in Thiruvallur District of Tamil Nadu in India," was conducted from 2022 to 2023. 100 farmers from the study area were chosen at random to participate in the study. Analyzing the costs, returns, profitability, marketing, and production of watermelons in the study area were the study's primary goals. 100% of the farmers used drip irrigation to grow watermelons and sowed seeds during the rabi season. The majority of farmers in the study area employed inputs that were above what was advised for watermelon cultivation. Pre-structured interview schedules were used to collect the data. The survey indicated that marginal farmers, small and semi-medium farmers, and medium farmers, respectively, spent Rs 155691.8, Rs 154302.5, Rs 149897, and Rs 148131.5 per hectare on watermelon farming on average. On marginal, small, semi-medium, and medium farms, the input-output ratio concerning cost C was (1:1.36), (1:1.39), (1:1.41), and (1:1.44), respectively. The cost of production lowers as farm size grows.

Assessment of waste disposal practices among residents in Mappedu, Thiruvallur district, Tamilnadu

Introduction : Solid waste is the unneeded or useless which are not liquid or gas generated from human activities in residential, industrial or commercial areas. Various types of solid waste are Municipal waste, Industrial waste, Construction and demolition waste, Electronic waste, Hazardous waste. Outbreak of Dengue fever was most common among the residents of Thiruvallur in 2019. The investigation was started to identify the potential exposure and possible recommendation and education to the villagers on waste management. Hence the aim of the research was to investigate the rural resident’s practices in solid waste disposal and their health hazard implications to the community in Mappedu village. Materials and methods : Two methods such as the observation and questionnaire survey was employed in the current research. No waste collection system was present in the village based on observation method. Dumping of waste was most common among the villagers and burning of waste were also common as there was inadequate awareness among the people as burning waste produces harmful gases. Diseases which are very prone to lack of hygiene such as dengue, malaria, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, typhoid and worm diseases were projected from the questionnaire. To minimize the risk of environment and human health appropriate hygiene practices and proper disposal of waste needs to be practiced. Results : Most of the rural residents disposed the waste at a common point and minimal waste were burnt. There was a significant difference between the frequency of hospital visits and the waste disposal method. Conclusion : The villagers must be educated on the proper solid waste management as it leads to deteriorating health and be fatal.

Spatio-Temporal Analysis on Groundwater - Case Study for Thiruvallur District

Thiruvallur District in Tamil Nadu is one such district, with groundwater levels reaching depths of 50m to 60m below the surface. Growing populations, variations in land use patterns, reduction in rainfall depth, and other factors all contributed to an increase in water demand and a decrease in water potential. This affects the quality of groundwater as well. In this study, the variation of both Groundwater potential and Groundwater Quality is analyzed. The collected data has undergone thorough processing to ensure its accuracy and relevance for the area to be studied. (Thiruvallur District). The base map for the place to be analyzed and the well-map are created in the QGIS software with the data. The processed data is imported into the QGIS to create a database. With the database, the spatial variation between the stations is mapped. The temporal variation of the stations is carried out. The spatial map is done for the groundwater level and Groundwater quality parameters like pH, TDS, Cl, etc. The temporal variation is shown in the graph for the GW level and GW quality parameters with respect to the well-points.