THIRD WORLD Research Articles

Reconstructing Economic Self-Determination from the Third World Approach to International Law

International Law governing the relationship between states has been considered failed in reformatting the principle of economic self-determination (ESD) as a continual link of political self-determination in the post decolonisation era. Such situation has placed the principle to be a vague concept in terms of its meaning and application in current international law. Such situation has contributed to continual economic dependency of the Third World (TW) states on the first world as considered the more developed states. TW states face difficulty to develop their argument to demonstrate people national interest in current international economic context. Having utilised doctrinal and TWAIL approach, this paper argues that there has been a potential meaning of ESD which can be developed from fragmentation of documents in international law, particularly in the United Nations General Assembly Resolutions (UNGA resolutions), the Law of State Succession and the International Human Rights law. This meaning then shapes the fragmented sources to be a principle for TW to be used in their international economic relation, particularly in settling economic dispute relations with Western states.

POOR HOUSING DILEMMA IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES: analysis of The Housing Policy and Strategy in Mozambique.

POOR HOUSING DILEMMA IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES: analysis of The Housing Policy and Strategy in Mozambique.

The World Bank in the Battles of the 'Decolonization Era'

This paper studies the story of the World Bank, the development system and the battle over financial support for the ‘newly independent states’ in the 1950s and 60s, a story full of tragic turns. Much of what might have been perceived as victories of the Third World (TW) governments at the time, turned into ambivalence and problems: With IDA a new branch of the Bank was created and the Bank turned into a development agency initially against strong Western resistance – but power in the Bank was not shared and the financial engagement became increasingly linked to substantive influence, foreshadowing conditionality. Ultimately, I argue, a certain dynamic and strategy of the Bank and Northern governments comes to the fore when looking at those years that is reminiscent of classic hegemonic moves. Southern demands here were not simply rejected or blocked but rather redirected, diverted and ultimately subverted. Almost like in the far-Eastern fighting technique of Aikido, where the energy and dynamic of an attack is not absorbed but returned and redirected against the attacker, the demands of the Third World here were responded to by creating IDA, thereby transforming the World Bank and turning it into the agency that later became ‘the symbolic antagonist for a vast array of social movements’. This article will look at this Aikido-move of Northern governments and the larger battle from three perspectives. First, it will describe the political battle to institutionalize more development financing, placing the evolution of the Bank and in particular the creation of IDA in the broader context of the battle between North and South over institutional structures of redistribution and financial support (I.). Second, it will look at the discursive turn and rhetorical recognition but also placation and pacification of the South undertaken by the Bank mainly in the 1960s (II.). Finally, it will look at the role of institutional law in this battle and argue that law played an important role in deflecting Southern demands and actually shielding the Bank even more (III.).

The Search for Identity of a Woman between Third World and First World in Mukherjee's Jasmine

THE SEARCH FOR IDENTITY OF A WOMAN BETWEEN “THIRD WORLD” AND “FIRST WORLD” IN MUKHERJEE’S JASMINE Abstract The physical and psychological journey of a person is an ongoing trip. Throughout this journey, the individual develops and searches for his/her identity. From this perspective, countries like USA have many people who experience physical and pyschological journeys due to their immigrational past. Such is the case of Jasmine, the woman character in Bharati Mukherjee’s novel Jasmine (1989) who has this kind of past and searches for her identity which is stuck between the “third world” where her journey begins and the “first world” where her journey takes her. Therefore, this article aims at reveal the physical and pyschological journey of a woman who moves from a so - called “third world” country to America, the importance of her ethnicity in this journey and her struggle to search her identity in her in between situation. Firstly, due to the postcolonial background of the character, postcolonialism and its literary qualities will be emphasized as the theoretical background of the novel. In addition, ethnicity and identity theories will be further detailed upon and socio-economic conditions of the country Jasmine moves from will be explained in order to reveal the situation of the women there. Within the light of all this information, the article will focus upon a number of of specific topics such as: representations of the “third world”, America, women’s the struggle to survive, their ethnicity and search for identity.

Role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Higher Education of SC/ST

Globalization process has affected many aspects of human life. Education in general and higher education in particular is no exception to it. Globalization gathered momentum in higher education in the second half of 1990. Education as a service industry is a part of globalization process becoming commodity in the third world (TW) countries like India. Universities and higher education system in India and Asia have become the agents of both internationalization and globalization. Indian society which is historically characterized by high degree of social stratification and institutional in equally governed by caste system where a huge section of SC/STs population stand at the bottom of caste hierarchy and denied equal rights in education. The objective of this paper is to find out the role of Information Communication and Technology (ICT) in promoting higher education among SC/STs and also to find out whether SC/STs are able to transform themselves to fit into the current education system and are they able to place themselves in this new knowledge economy which is the result of globalization and Information communication and Technology development in India. The findings show that SC/STs still remain discriminated in education and there are major constraints for them in taking up higher education.Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-2, issue-4: 304-307

Neo-Colonialism and the “Third World” -the Case of French Neo-Colonialism THE THIRD WORLD:ITS POLITICAL PROBLEMS

Neo-Colonialism and the “Third World” -the Case of French Neo-Colonialism THE THIRD WORLD:ITS POLITICAL PROBLEMS

China and the Soviet Union in the Relation with the Third World THE THIRD WORLD:ITS POLITICAL PROBLEMS

China and the Soviet Union in the Relation with the Third World THE THIRD WORLD:ITS POLITICAL PROBLEMS

Election Analysis and Political Change in India THE THIRD WORLD:ITS POLITICAL PROBLEMS

Election Analysis and Political Change in India THE THIRD WORLD:ITS POLITICAL PROBLEMS

SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS IN THE THIRD WORLD: A CASE STUDY OF LIMA. By M. Morrish

New Zealand Journal of GeographyVolume 81, Issue 1 p. 23-23 SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS IN THE THIRD WORLD: A CASE STUDY OF LIMA. By M. Morrish BRIAN DAVIES, BRIAN DAVIES Dunstan High SchoolSearch for more papers by this author BRIAN DAVIES, BRIAN DAVIES Dunstan High SchoolSearch for more papers by this author First published: October 1986 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0028-8292.1986.tb00231.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume81, Issue1October 1986Pages 23-23 RelatedInformation

Microcredit and the Third World

Poverty in third world (TW) countries is a serious problem, and microcredit has become the most popular approach to address this undesirable phenomenon. This model, perceived more than a quarter century ago in Bangladesh, is now being pursued around the globe. In spite of this enormous popularity, there is scepticism about the model's ability to make a “major dent in the TW poverty situation”. These criticisms, however, seem just as weak as the arguments supporting the model. One apparent reason is that both the claims and criticisms are founded on the same theoretical perspective of neoclassical economics. To inject some fresh ideas in the debate, this paper examined microcredit's poverty‐alleviating ability from the perspectives of moral and political philosophy and concludes that the theory has insurmountable limitations as a model of sustainable poverty alleviation in the TW.

THIRD WORLD CONGRESS ON VACCINES AND IMMUNISATION: 4–9 June 2002, Opatija, Adriatic Riviera, Croatia

THIRD WORLD CONGRESS ON VACCINES AND IMMUNISATION: 4–9 June 2002, Opatija, Adriatic Riviera, Croatia

THIRD WORLD CONGRESS ON VACCINES AND IMMUNISATION: 4–9 June 2002, Opatija, Adriatic Riviera, Croatia

THIRD WORLD CONGRESS ON VACCINES AND IMMUNISATION: 4–9 June 2002, Opatija, Adriatic Riviera, Croatia

Structural Adjustment and Emerging Urban Form in Accra, Ghana

Researchers have postulated the emergence of new urban forms in the Third World (TW), which are characterized by either a deconcentration of urban functions to peri-urban or smaller cities (polycentric), or a fusion of urban and rural functions ( desakota ). This paper provides empirical evidence, in the form of the phenomenal growth of Accra, on emerging urban forms. It argues that Accra's growth is a quality residential sprawl with unicentric tendencies, rather than either a deconcentration of urban functions or a fusion of urban and rural functions. For Accra, globalization, economic growth, and Structural Adjustment have helped the state provide enabling circumstances for global and local factors to contribute to the city's expansion. Based on the case of Accra, the paper raises a series of questions that relate to generalization, planning, and the management of sub-Saharan African cities (SSACs) .

Structural Adjustment and Emerging Urban Form in Accra, Ghana

Researchers have postulated the emergence of new urban forms in the Third World (TW), which are characterized by either a deconcentration of urban functions to peri-urban or smaller cities (polycentric), or a fusion of urban and rural functions ( desakota ). This paper provides empirical evidence, in the form of the phenomenal growth of Accra, on emerging urban forms. It argues that Accra's growth is a quality residential sprawl with unicentric tendencies, rather than either a deconcentration of urban functions or a fusion of urban and rural functions. For Accra, globalization, economic growth, and Structural Adjustment have helped the state provide enabling circumstances for global and local factors to contribute to the city's expansion. Based on the case of Accra, the paper raises a series of questions that relate to generalization, planning, and the management of sub-Saharan African cities (SSACs) .

WOMEN'S MOVEMENTS IN THE THIRD WORLD: Identity, Mobilization, and Autonomy

▪ Abstract Sociology has paid insufficient attention to third world women's movements. In this review, for which we draw upon a variety of interdisciplinary sources, we focus on three questions: the issue of women's interests; the conditions under which women mobilize—particularly the effects of democratization, nationalist, religious, and socialist movements; and the issue of state and organizational autonomy. We argue that the concept of a political opportunity structure inadequately captures the role that states in the third world play in determining the possibilities of third world women's movements. We call for more comparative work with a focus on the local rather than on the macro level. This will help us to better understand both the ways in which women's collective identities and interests are constructed and the ideological and material conditions under which mobilizations actually take place.

Review of "DEPENDENCY AND DEVELOPMENT: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE THIRD WORLD" by Ted C. Lewellen

Review of "DEPENDENCY AND DEVELOPMENT: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE THIRD WORLD" by Ted C. Lewellen

THE THIRD WORLD CONFERENCE ON EARLY PREGNANCY: An Interdisciplinary Approach: October 3–6, 1996 Atlantic City, New Jersey, USA

American Journal of Reproductive ImmunologyVolume 35, Issue 4 p. 436-436 THE THIRD WORLD CONFERENCE ON EARLY PREGNANCY: An Interdisciplinary Approach: October 3–6, 1996 Atlantic City, New Jersey, USA First published: April 1996 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1996.tb00508.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume35, Issue4April 1996Pages 436-436 RelatedInformation

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:THE SUPREME COURT OF TASMANIA: Its First Century 1824–1924 By Carrel Inglis Clark. Edited by Richard Ely.CHILDE AND AUSTRALIA: ARCHEOLOGY, POLITICS AND IDEAS Edited by Peter Gathercole, T.THE GREAT SCOURGE: The Tasmanian Infantile Paralysis Epidemic 1937–38 By Anne Killalea Sandy BayAUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS SINCE FEDERATION: An Introduction By A. G. Kenwood.AUSTRALIA: Reflections on a Republic Multimedia Working GroupONE BIG UNION: A History of the Australian Workers Union 1886–1994 By Mark Hearn and Harry Knowles.GOVERNING PROSPERITY: Social Change and Social Analysis In the 1950s By Nicholas BrownROYAL COMMISSIONS AND THE MAICING OF PUBLIC POLICY Edited by Patrick Weller.MASTERING RISK Environment, Markets and Politics in Australian Economic History By Colin White.BEYOND THE TWO PARTY SYSTEM: Political Representation, Economic Competitiveness and Australian Politics. By Ian MarshTHE ADMINISTRATIVE VOCATION By R. S. Parker.THE OXFORD COMPANION TO AUSTRALIAN MILITARY HISTORY By Peter Dennis, et al.4000 BOWLS OF RICE: A Prisoner of War Comes Home By Linda Goetz Hohs.PRESUMPTIVE ENGAGEMENT: Australia's Asia‐Pacific Security Policy in the 1990s By Desmond Ball and Pauline Kerr.THE PACIFIC ISLAND STATES: Security and Sovereignty in the Post‐Cold War World By Stephen Henningham.BRITISH IMPERIALISM AND AUSTRALIAN NATIONALISM: Manipulation, Conflict and Compromise in the Late Nineteenth Century By Luke Trainor.CRISES IN US FOREIGN POLICY: An International Reader By Michael H. Hunt.GOD'S CHINESE SON: The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of Hong Xiuquan By Jonathan D. Spence.MARXISM AND REFORM IN CHINA By Su ShaozhiTHE FORGOTTEN QUEENS OF ISLAM By Fatima Mernissi Translated by Mary Jo LakelandST PETERSBURG DIALOGUES, or Conversations on the Temporal Government of Providence By Joseph de Maistre. Translated and Edited by Richard A. Lebrun.AN HERETICAL HEIR OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT: Politics, Policy, and Science in the Work of Charles E. Lindblom Edited by Harry Redner.DEMOCRACY IN THE THIRD WORLD By Robert Pinkney.CAPITALIST DEVELOPMENT AND DEMOCRACY By D. Rueschemeyer, E. B. Stephem and J. D. Stephens.BEYOND POLITICS: Markets, Welfare and the Failure of Bureaucracy By William C. Mitchell and Randy T. SimmonsCONFRONTING TB[E EXPERTS Edited by Brian Martin.THE STATE OF THE WORLD'S REFUGEES 1993: The Challenge of Protection UNHCR United Notions Commissioner for Refugees.GEOGRAPHY AND EMPIRE Edited by Anne Godlewska and Neil Smith. Institute of British Geographers Special Publication No. 30.

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:KIE DAUDAI: Notes and Sketches From Cape York By Edwina Toohey.COLLINS, THE COURTS AND THE COLONY: Law and Society in Colonial New South Wales 1788–1796 By J. F. Nagle.COLONIAL TECHNOLOGY: Science and the Transfer of Innovation to Australia By Jan Todd.FASHIONING AUSTRALIA'S FORESTS By John Dargavel.WITH FOND REGARDS: Private Lives Through Letters Edited by Elizabeth Riddell.SEX, POWER AND JUSTICE: Historical Perspectives on Law in Australia Edited by Diane Kirkby.SINGLE MOTHERS AND THEIR CHILDREN: Disposal, Punishment and Survival in Australia By Shurlee Swain with Renale Howe.MINORITIES: Cultural Diversity in Sydney Edited by Shirley Fitzgerald and Garry Wotherspoon.FAIR ENOUGH: Egalitarianism in Australia By Elaine Thompson.MEMORY AND HISTORY IN TWENTIETH CENTURY AUSTRALIA Edited by Kate Darian‐Smith and Paula Hamilton.THE GUNNERS: A History of Australian Artillery By David Homer.AUSTRALIAN BRASS: The Career of Lieutenant General Sir Horace Robertson By Jeffrey Grey.THE WAR IN THE AIR 1914–1994 Edited by Alan Stephens.BACKGROUND TO THE ANZUS PACT: Policy‐Making, Strategy and Diplomacy, 1945–55 By W. David Mclntyre.STRATEGIC INVOLVEMENT AND INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP: Australia's Post‐1975 Relations with Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam By Ngaosyvathn Pheuiphanh. Australia‐Asia Papers No. 68.AUSTRALIA'S SPIES AND THEIR SECRETS By David McKnight.TRICONTINENTAL: The Rise and Fall of a Merchant Bank By Hugo Armstrong and Dick Gross.INSTITUTIONS IN AUSTRALIAN SOCIETY Edited by John Henningham.ELECTION!: How and Why Australia Votes By Dean Jaensch.THE PEOPLE'S SAY: Elections in Australia By the Australian Electoral Commission.AUSTRALIAN POLITICAL IDEAS Edited by Geoff Stokes.SEEDS OF PROGRESS: An Agricultural Scientist in Southeast Asia By Professor L Ross HumphreysCOAXES OF KAIPARA By Michael BassetTHE ENLIGHTENMENT By Ulrich Im Hof. Translated by William E. Yuill.GLADSTONE AND THE LIBERAL PARTY By Michael Winstanley.INSIDE BABYLON: The Caribbean Diaspora in Britain Edited by Winston James and Clive Harris.GESCHICHTSDISKURS: Anfange Modernen Historischen Denkens, Vol. 2. [Historical Discourse: The Beginnings of Modern Historical Thinking] Edited by Wolfgang Küttler, Jörn Rilsen and Ernst Schulin.BISMARCK AND MITTELEUROPA By Bascom Barry Hayes.BÜRGER BESONDERER ART: Evangelische Pfarrer in Preussen 1850–1914 fly Oliver Janz.MÜTTER‐REICH: Zurdeutschen Erzählprosa der Dreißiger Jahre By Elisabeth Galvan.AUSLÄNDER, AUSSIEDLER, ASYL: Eine Bestandsaufnahme By Klaus J. Bade.FALLEN SPARROWS: The International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War By Michael Jackson.THE EUROPEAN RESCUE OF THE NATION‐STATE By Alan S. Milward.THE END OF COMMUNIST POWER: Anti‐Corruption Campaigns and Legitimation Crisis By Leslie Holmes.FDR AND THE NEWS MEDIA By Betty Houchin Winfield.PACIFIC COOPERATION: Building Economic and Security Regimes in the Asia‐Pacific Region Edited by Andrew Mack and John Ravenhill.THE INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY OF PACIFIC ISLANDS FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE By Anthony B. van Fossen.RETHINKING INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS By Fred HallidayTHE FORCE OF LAW: International Law and the Land Commander Edited by Hugh SmithRELIGION IN THIRD WORLD POLITICS. By Jeff Haynes.BUILDING INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY: Cooperation for Peace Case Studies Edited by Kevin Clements and Robin Ward St. LeonardsINTERNATIONAL TERRITORY: The United Nations 1945–95 By Adam Bartos and Christopher Hitchens.NATIONALISM By Elie Kedourie.POLITICAL THOUGHT SINCE 1945: Philosophy, Science, Ideology Edited by Leonard Tivey and Anthony Wright. Aldershot: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 1992, pp. x+222.POLITICS, ANCIENT AND MODERN By Pierre Vidal‐Naquet. Translated by Janet Lloyd.

Gender, Ethnicity, and Class in Kenya: "Burying Otieno" Revisited

Previous articleNext article No AccessGender, Ethnicity, and Class in Kenya: "Burying Otieno" RevisitedApril GordonApril Gordon Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Signs Volume 20, Number 4Summer, 1995Postcolonial, Emergent, and Indigenous Feminisms Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/495025 Views: 45Total views on this site Citations: 15Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1995 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Wale Adebanwi Burying “Zik of Africa”: The Politics of Death and Cultural Crisis, Comparative Studies in Society and History 63, no.11 (Jan 2021): 41–71.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0010417520000377Maria G. Cattell Aging in Kenya: Older Kenyans in the Twenty-First Century, (Jan 2021): 67–81.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76501-9_5Rebecca Murray, Katy Day, Jane Tobbell Duvet woman versus action man: the gendered aetiology of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome according to English newspapers, Feminist Media Studies 19, no.66 (Apr 2019): 890–905.https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2019.1595694Clare Buswell, Yvonne Corcoran-Nantes Precarious Liaisons: Gender, Moral Authority and Marriage in Colonial Kenya, (Oct 2017): 395–414.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58014-2_19Folasade Hunsu Engendering an Alternative Approach to Otherness in African Women's Autobiography, Life Writing 10, no.22 (Jun 2013): 171–185.https://doi.org/10.1080/14484528.2013.766299Elin Henrysson, Sandra F. Joireman On the Edge of the Law: Women's Property Rights and Dispute Resolution in Kisii, Kenya, Law & Society Review 43, no.11 (Mar 2009): 39–60.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5893.2009.00366.xS.F. Joireman The Mystery of Capital Formation in Sub-Saharan Africa: Women, Property Rights and Customary Law, World Development 36, no.77 (Jul 2008): 1233–1246.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.06.017Elsie Cloete Women, Home and Personal Narrative in Kenya, Journal of Literary Studies 24, no.11 (Mar 2008): 82–99.https://doi.org/10.1080/02564710701789057Elin Henrysson, Sandra Fullerton Joireman On the Edge of the Law: The Cost of Informal Property Rights Adjudication in Kisii, Kenya, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2007).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1003427Maria G. Cattell African Widows: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives, Journal of Women & Aging 15, no.2-32-3 (Oct 2008): 49–66.https://doi.org/10.1300/J074v15n02_04Lynn S. Khadiagala Justice and Power in the Adjudication of Women's Property Rights in Uganda, Africa Today 49, no.22 (Jun 2002): 100–121.https://doi.org/10.2979/AFT.2002.49.2.100Alexander A. Weinreb First Politics, Then Culture: Accounting for Ethnic Differences in Demographic Behavior in Kenya, Population and Development Review 27, no.33 (Sep 2001): 437–467.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2001.00437.xJane L. Parpart The Widow Refuses: Embodied Practices and Negotiations over Inheritance in Zimbabwe, (Jan 2000): 159–179.https://doi.org/10.1057/9780333983904_9ELSIE CLOETE DELIBERATIONS ON NAMES AND SPACES: WAMBUI WAIYAKI OTIENO AND MAU MAU'S DAUGHTER, English Studies in Africa 43, no.11 (Jan 2000): 65–86.https://doi.org/10.1080/00138390008691289R. Ray, A. C. Korteweg WOMEN'S MOVEMENTS IN THE THIRD WORLD: Identity, Mobilization, and Autonomy, Annual Review of Sociology 25, no.11 (Aug 1999): 47–71.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.25.1.47