Third Position Of Protein-coding Genes Research Articles

Complete mitochondrial genome of the monogonont rotifer, Brachionus koreanus (Rotifera, Brachionidae)

The complete mitochondrial genome was obtained from the assembled genome data sequenced by next generation sequencing (NGS) technology from the monogonont rotifer Brachionus koreanus. The mitochondrial genome of B. koreanus was composed of two circular chromosomes designated as mtDNA-I (10,421 bp) and mtDNA-II (11,923 bp). The gene contents of B. koreanus were identical with previously reported B. plicatilis mitochondrial genomes. However, gene orders of B. koreanus showed one rearrangement between the two species. Of 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 3 genes (ATP6, ND1, and ND3) had an incomplete stop codon. The A + T base composition of B. koreanus mitochondrial genome was high (68.81%). They also showed anti-G bias (12.03% and 10.97%) on the second and third position of PCGs as well as slight anti-C bias (15.96% and 14.31%) on the first and third position of PCGs.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Korean bitterling Acheilognathus intermedia (Cypriniformes; Cyprinidae)

The complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced from the Korean bitterling Acheilognathus intermedia. The genome sequence was 16,610 bp in size, and the gene order and contents were identical with the congeneric Acheilognathus signifier and other previously reported fish mitochondrial genomes. Of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), three genes (CO2, CO3, and Cytochrome b) had incomplete stop codons. The base composition of A. intermedia showed anti-G bias (12.48%) on the third position of PCGs.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Korean bitterling Acheilognathus koreensis (Cypriniformes; Cyprinidae)

The complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced from the Korean bitterling Acheilognathus koreensis. The genome sequence was 16,563 bp in size, and the gene order and contents were identical with the same genera Acheilognathus signifier and other previously reported fish mitochondrial genomes. Of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), four genes (CO2, CO3, ND4, and Cytochrome b) had incomplete stop codons. The base composition of A. koreensis showed anti-G bias (13.69%) on the third position of PCGs.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the river lamprey, Lampetra japonica (Petromyzontiformes, Petromyzonidae)

The complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced from the river lamprey, Lampetra japonica. The genome sequence was 16,267 bp in size, and the gene order and contents were identical with the genera Lampetra reissneri. However, L. japonica has two control regions with different mitochondrial genomic organization compared to other previously reported fish mitochondrial genomes. Of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 1 gene (CO1) had incomplete stop codon. The base composition of L. japonica showed anti-G bias (4.65%) on the third position of PCGs.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the freshwater gudgeon, Gobiobotia nakdongensis (Cypriniformes, Gobioninae)

The complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced from the freshwater gudgeon, Gobiobotia nakdongensis. The genome sequence was 16,609 bp in size, and the gene order and contents were identical with other previously reported fish mitochondrial genomes. Of the 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 3 genes (CO2, CO3, and Cytb) had incomplete stop codons. The base composition of G. nakdongensis showed anti-G bias (9.93%) on the third position of PCGs.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Arctic green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis (Strongylocentrotidae, Echinoidea)

The complete mitochondrial genome was obtained from the assembled genome data sequenced by next-generation sequencing technology from the Arctic green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. The mitochondrial genome sequence was 15,710 bp in size, and the gene order and contents were identical with previously reported sea urchin mitochondrial genomes. Of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 1 gene (Cytb) had an incomplete stop codon. The base composition of the mitogenome of Arctic S. droebachiensis showed high A+T (58.36%) and anti-G bias (14.86%) on the third position of PCGs.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Amur stickleback Pungitius kaibarae (Gasterosteiformes, Gasterosteidae)

The complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced from the Amur stickleback Pungitius kaibarae. The genome sequence was 16,505 bp in size, and the gene order and contents were identical with the same genera Pungitius sinensis and other previously reported fish mitochondrial genomes. Of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 3 genes (CO2, ND4, and Cytb) had incomplete stop codons. The base composition of P. kaibarae showed anti-G bias (8.86%) on the third position of PCGs.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Amur stickleback Pungitius sinensis (Gasterosteiformes, Gasterosteidae)

The complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced from the Amur stickleback Pungitius sinensis. The genome sequence was 16,581 bp in size, and the gene order and contents were identical with those of previously reported fish mitochondrial genomes. Of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), four genes (ND2, CO2, ND4, Cytb) had incomplete stop codons. The base composition of P. sinensis showed anti-G bias (9.53%) on the third position of PCGs.