Third-party Presence Research Articles

But Someone Was Right There: An Examination of How Third-Party Presence Is Associated With Rape and Sexual Assault Victim Help-Seeking Behavior and Reports to Police.

This research evaluates whether third-party presence is associated with rape and sexual assault (RSA) victims help-seeking and reporting to police, addressing a gap in the literature about how the presence of a third-party is associated with victim behavior. This research uses secondary data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). Findings indicate that third-party presence has no statistically significant association with help-seeking and marginal significance with police reporting. This research focuses on third-party presence as a precursor to understanding victim help-seeking behaviors and reports to police. This research raises questions about the expected role of third parties in RSA victimizations.

What interferes with conducting free lists? A comparative ethnobotanical experiment

BackgroundThe free list, also written “freelist”, or “free recall”, is an ethnographic method that characterizes the local knowledge of a population about a given cultural domain. However, there is still much to elucidate about the variables that can influence the number of items that participants cite using this technique. This study applied a casual-comparative experimental design to analyze whether 3 months’ time, age, and external stimuli influence the similarity of plant free lists applied at different times.MethodsData was collected from 103 farmers from the rural community Alto dos Canutos, in the municipality of Picos, Piauí state, Brazil. Two free lists were conducted at two different times, with an interval of three months between them. Subsequently, the similarity between the first and second free lists of each participant was calculated using the Jaccard Similarity Index. The generalized linear model (GLM) with binomial errors and stepwise approach was used to analyze the effects of age and external stimuli on information collection when comparing free lists applied at different times.ResultsParticipants’ age influenced the information that the free lists collected, demonstrating that the older the participants, the lower the similarity among the free lists. Among the external stimuli analyzed, only the presence of third parties influenced the content of the free lists at the time of the interview. However, contrary to expectations, third-party presence positively influenced the similarity of the lists.ConclusionThe results show that the studied variables age and third-party presence can influence the capture of knowledge. These findings warrant future research into the influences’ causes and their potential mitigation, e.g., by isolation or by breaking the medicinal plant domain into focused sub-domains and conducting simpler, successive free-lists, which can mitigate memory issues.

Crypto Pharmacy – Digital Medicine: A Mobile Application Integrated With Hybrid Blockchain to Tackle the Issues in Pharma Supply Chain

Mobile application integrated with cryptocurrency would be an innovative solution for making medicine purchase in the future. This research work fixates on the design and implementation of a crypto pharmacy - digital medicine utilizing hybrid blockchain technology. We present the concept of crypto medicine that eliminates third-party presence (buy/sell) in a medicine purchase. The proposed design integrates the mobile application with the NEM blockchain. The manufacturer engenders the digital medicines with NEM blockchain namespace, all the pharma products are assigned with NEM cryptocurrency XEM, labeled with a QR code. Our archetype model (perspicacious detector) executes the astute contract that connects all the stakeholders in a pharma supply chain. The proposed mobile application has been prosperously integrated with NEM cryptocurrency by assigning XEM for the medicines, all the transactions are monitored in a blockchain from manufacturer to culminate-utilizer. The mobile application designed utilizing apple iOS integrated with nem2sdk swift framework. This system evades a few millions worth of substandard medicine integrated in the ecumenical market every year. In additament to crypto medicine, the genuine-time monitoring of liquid medicine has been tested with the IoT platform. It fetches the temperature data into the blockchain and authenticates the reliability of medicine for intensive care unit patients.

Effects of Partner Presence During the Interview on Survey Responses: The Example of Questions Concerning the Division of Household Labor

Despite the fact that third parties are present during a substantial amount of face-to-face interviews, bystander influence on respondents’ response behavior is not yet fully understood. We use nine waves of the German Family Panel pairfam and apply fixed effects panel regression models to analyze effects of third-party presence on items regarding the sharing of household tasks between partners. We find that both male and female respondents report doing a smaller share of household tasks when their partner is present during the interview as compared to when their partner is not present. Similarly, if the respondent’s partner is present, both partners’ reports correspond more, so that they are less prone to resulting in unrealistically high sums. These results indicate that for items concerning household labor, partner presence does not compromise data quality but may in fact improve it.

Capturing Multiple Perspectives in a Multi-actor Survey: The Impact of Parental Presence During Child Interviews on Reporting Discrepancies

Third-party presence is considered a potential threat to the quality of sensitive information gathered in face-to-face interviews. Issues arising from interference and reduced privacy due to bystander presence appear particularly pressing in child surveys: Parental presence is quite common and likely more pervasive as compared to other interviewee-bystander constellations. Focusing on surveys designed to capture multiple perspectives on the same issues, a key question is whether child interviews – in addition to parent information – can provide an independent opinion if parents are present during the interview. Using longitudinal multi-actor data from the German Family Panel (pairfam), the present study evaluates the impact of parental presence on child-parent discrepancies in survey reports on children’s problem behaviors and difficulties in the parent-child relationship. The longitudinal analysis of child-parent dyads allows for a more extensive consideration of selection processes of parental presence as compared to cross-sectional approaches. While descriptive results suggest that parent and child reports are more similar when parents are present, fixed-effects regression analyses do not find any effects of changes in parental presence on reporting discrepancies within child-parent dyads.

Rebel-to-party transformations in civil war peace processes 1975–2011

ABSTRACT Previous research has established the critical relevance of better understanding the conditions that either facilitate or obstruct rebel-to-party transformations for the sake of strengthening the prospects for both peace and democracy in post-war societies. In this study, we contribute to this growing research agenda in two ways. We first present and analyse data collected by the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) on all peace agreements that contain specific rebel-to-party provisions during the time period 1975–2011. Second, we introduce new data on rebel-to-party outcomes during the same time period. The descriptive findings confirm several of our theoretical expectations. Rebel-to-party provisions are exclusive to the post-Cold War era, and are commonly included in peace agreements with third-party presence. Somewhat surprisingly, we have seen almost twice as many agreements with such provisions in Africa compared to other regions, and only in peace agreements in governmental conflicts. However, we find several cases of rebel-to-party outcomes in territorial conflicts. Our data also confirm that rebel-to-party provisions are neither necessary nor sufficient for rebel-to-party outcomes, and highlight the potential relevance of other political provisions also supporting the group’s political integration.

Cultural Variations in the Effect of Interview Privacy and the Need for Social Conformity on Reporting Sensitive Information

Abstract Privacy is an important feature of the interview interaction mainly due to its potential effect on reporting information, especially sensitive information. Here we examine the effect of third-party presence on reporting both sensitive and relatively neutral outcomes. We investigate whether the effect of third-party presence on reporting sensitive information is moderated by the respondent’s need for social conformity and the respondent’s country of residence. Three types of outcomes are investigated: behavioral, attitudinal, and relatively neutral health events. Using data from 22,070 interviews and nine countries in the cross-national World Mental Health Survey Initiative, we fit multilevel logistic regression to study reporting effects on questions about suicidal behavior and marital ratings, and contrast these with questions about having high blood pressure, asthma, or arthritis. We find that there is an effect of third-party presence on reporting sensitive information and no effect on reporting of neutral information. Further, the effect of the interview privacy setting on reporting sensitive information is moderated by the need for social conformity and the cultural setting.

Third-Party Presence Effect with Propensity Score Matching

Third-Party Presence Effect with Propensity Score Matching

Global civil society initiative to create a large-scale, unarmed peaceforce

The notion of peacekeeping usually conjures up images of UN- sponsored Blue Helmets or other armed military or police forces deployed in areas of violent conflict in poor countries. But unarmed peacekeeping, by civilian members of global non-governmental organizations who employ proven strategies, is a valuable, cost-effective complement (or an alternative) to the currently dominant approach of armed peacekeeping. Unarmed civilian peacekeepers offer services of protective accompaniment and ‘proactive presence’, monitoring, creating neutral safe spaces, and inter-positioning—close to where threatened, vulnerable people live. As such, they provide a much-needed, low-cost, disciplined, benign, professional force for peace, steeped in the best tradition of theory and praxis of non-violent conflict transformation. The 21st century is likely to face more, not less, violent conflict, and the need for preventive international third-party nonviolent presence is greater than ever. As long as the world community (and the UN) has not tried large-scale civilian unarmed peacekeeping, this remains a huge missed chance for peace.

Social Facilitation Effect of Examiner Attention or Inattention to Computer-Administered Neuropsychological Tests: First Sign that the Examiner May Affect Results

Studies have demonstrated that third-party observation impairs performance on some types of neuropsychological tests. The current study was designed to determine if the examiner's attention or inattention during computerized tests would have similar effects on performance as third-party presence or absence. This study examined the effects of the test administrator's attention or inattention on the performance of 74 undergraduates on computerized versions of the Word Memory Test, the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM), and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. The results from independent samples t-tests showed that there were significantly more total errors on the TOMM in the unobserved group than the observed group. This is the first indication that computerized symptom validity tests may be affected by examiner's attention to the examinee's performance.

Measurement Errors Stemming from Nonrespondents Present at In-Person Interviews

PURPOSE: Data are frequently collected from in-person interviews in epidemiologic studies. Despite the advantages of this mode of data collection, the presence of a third party during the interview can contribute to measurement error, especially if third-party presence is related to case status.METHODS: Using data obtained from a case-control study of colon cancer, we evaluated the frequency of third-party presence during in-person interviews, and how having someone else present during the interview influences reporting of exposure data.RESULTS: Interviews were conducted in the presence of a third party for 28% of cases and 22% of controls who lived in a household of two or more individuals. Men with a third party present reported significantly lower age-adjusted mean levels of alcohol consumption (P < 0.01). Associations, as indicated by odds ratios, between colon cancer and alcohol intake were not statistically different among those with a third party present and those without a third party present. Although not statistically significant, energy intake was more strongly associated with colon cancer among those without a third party present during the interview.CONCLUSIONS: These results emphasize the need to review questions to be asked and decide whether privacy should be emphasized before data collection begins. If privacy is required, interviewers need to be given better skills to ensure privacy during interview.

The Public Psychiatric Interview and Third-Party Presence in Legal Situations

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article ArticleNo AccessThe Public Psychiatric Interview and Third-Party Presence in Legal SituationsIRWIN N. PERRIRWIN N. PERRSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 Apr 2006https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.3.396-aAboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail "The Public Psychiatric Interview and Third-Party Presence in Legal Situations." American Journal of Psychiatry, 143(3), pp. 396-a–397 Access content To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access. Personal login Institutional Login Sign in via OpenAthens Purchase Save for later Item saved, go to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry $35.00 Add to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry Checkout Please login/register if you wish to pair your device and check access availability. Not a subscriber? Subscribe Now / Learn More PsychiatryOnline subscription options offer access to the DSM-5 library, books, journals, CME, and patient resources. This all-in-one virtual library provides psychiatrists and mental health professionals with key resources for diagnosis, treatment, research, and professional development. Need more help? PsychiatryOnline Customer Service may be reached by emailing [email protected] or by calling 800-368-5777 (in the U.S.) or 703-907-7322 (outside the U.S.). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited byNone Volume 143Issue 3 March 1986Pages 396-a-397 Metrics PDF download History Published online 1 April 2006 Published in print 1 March 1986