Third-party Funding Research Articles

Air temperature and humidity impact out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests in Germany: A 10-year cohort study from the German Resuscitation Registry

ObjectivesThis study examines the impact of temperature variations on out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests in Germany over a decade (2010–2019). Out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests affects 164 per 100,000 inhabitants annually in Germany, 11% survive to hospital discharge. The following study investigates days with the following characteristics: summer days, frost days, and high humidity days. Furthermore, the study explores incidence, causes, demographics, and outcomes of out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests. MethodsData from the German Resuscitation Registry and Meteorological Service were combined for analysis. The theory posits that temperature and humidity play a significant role in the occurrence and outcomes of out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests, potentially triggering pre-existing health issues. ResultsFindings reveal increased out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests during frost days (6.39 up to 7.00, p < 0.001) monthly per 100,000 inhabitants), notably due to cardiac-related causes. Conversely, out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests incidence decreases on summer days (6.61–5.79, p < 0.001 monthly per 100,000 inhabitants). High-humidity days exhibit a statistically significant increase in out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests incidence (6.43–6.89, p < 0.001 monthly per 100,000 inhabitants). ConclusionIn conclusion, there’s a notable rise in out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests incidence and worse outcomes during cold days, and a significant increase in out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests during high-humidity days. Moreover, extreme temperature events in unaccustomed regions also elevate out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests rates. However, the dataset lacks sufficient hot days for conclusive findings, hinting that very hot days might also affect out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests incidence. Further research, particularly on hotter days, is essential.No third-party funding was received for this study.

Optimizing third party funding to alleviate global drug resistance: A game-theoretic modeling approach

Increasing evidence suggests that human movement, including international travel and mass forced population displacement, acts as a catalyst for global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) transmission. Immigration increases the likelihood of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains being imported into developed countries, particularly from several developing countries with high antimicrobial resistance. On the other hand, self-medication, easy access to over-the-counter drugs, promiscuous use, and lax oversight all contribute to an increase in antibiotic use in most lower-middle- and middle-income countries. It leads to antimicrobial resistance and an increased health burden, particularly in high-income countries. Third-party funding agencies are working to reduce the global antimicrobial resistance burden. Understanding the complex system of antibiotic overuse, third-party funding, and cross-border transmission of antimicrobial-resistant strains is a critical task for public health policymakers. In this study, a modeling framework is developed using a combination of epidemiological and game theory methods. This framework aims to describe the phenomenon of migration between countries, specifically focusing on the movement between developing and developed nations. Additionally, the framework incorporates the analysis of self-medication behavior within the developing population. Simulations of the model are conducted, followed by a sensitivity analysis, in order to investigate the influence of various parameters on the optimal funding amount. Our findings indicate that the total cost due to treatment of infection and funding is a convex function of the amount of third-party assistance. This means that there is an optimal level of funding in place to keep the total cost of antimicrobial resistance as low as possible. The sensitivity analyses in relation to various epidemiological and behavioral parameters indicate that the optimal fund is highly dependent on the other parameters of the system. Third-party assistance may be required, as predicted, to reduce the amount of self-medication, but it is only beneficial up to a certain point. These findings result in useful policy recommendations as well as intriguing new research directions.

Investing in Responsible Litigation: Third-Party Funding for Public Interest Litigation

Investing in Responsible Litigation: Third-Party Funding for Public Interest Litigation

The Relevance of Third-Party Funding in Assessing Whether to Order Security for Costs

Arbitral tribunals typically allocate the costs of the arbitration at the conclusion of a case. The question has arisen as to whether the existence of third-party funding should affect the allocation of costs to the detriment of the funded claimant. Most – though not all – commercial and investment tribunals have typically held that the presence of a funder does not constitute, in and of itself, a sufficient basis to grant security for costs. However, it is accepted in both of these areas that the existence of an external funder may be a factor to be taken into consideration in deciding on a request for security for costs.

ANALISIS DAMPAK IMPLEMENTASI STRATEGI CROSS SELLING PADA PENAMBAHAN DANA PIHAK KETIGA SERTA PENAMBAHAN JUMLAH NASABAH FUNDING DI PERUMDA BPR BANK DAERAH KOTA MADIUN

The main objective of this research is to investigate how the cross-selling strategy is applied and how it affects the collection of third party funds. Second, examine the obstacles to cross selling strategies in raising third party funds. Third, look into how the cross-selling approach is being used and how that is affecting the amount of money raised for third party funds. This study uses a field research methodology and is qualitative-descriptive in nature. Madiun City Regional Bank, People's Credit Bank (BPR), and Regional Public Company (Perumda) served as the research subjects. This study's objective is to develop a cross-selling strategy that will boost third-party funding. Documentation, interviews, and observation are methods used to collect data. The three stages of the data analysis procedure were data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. To determine the veracity of the data, take into account using source triangulation. First, the research's findings indicate that the Tabunganku Product becomes the primary account when cross-selling is implemented. Furthermore, you can get other services, namely having more than one savings product account, lower credit interest, receiving deposit interest and disbursing credit through your Tabunganku account. Second, the obstacles are competition with conventional banks, savings cannot be disbursed at any time, and lack of communication with customers. Third, the impact that arises is customer loyalty, increasing income, reducing time and costs, and maintaining public trust in using third party fund products.

An evaluation of third-party funding in commercial arbitration

Arbitration as a dispute resolution mechanism aims to advance access to justice in accordance with Goal 16 of the United Nations Substantiable Development Goals (SDGs). One key issue in arbitration law and practice is the role of third-party funders in fundraising for the arbitration or even litigation process. Third Party Funding (TPF) has grown as a practice of financial responsibility for litigation or arbitration by sponsors that are not parties to a dispute, but whose interest is return for their investment. Such an arrangement may cover major litigation or arbitration costs, as well as other miscellaneous costs. The practice contradicts well established legal principles such as privity of contract and/or complements party autonomy, but the enormous advantages it offers, such as faster access to justice and investment opportunities cannot be ignored. Whilst the concept has developed in advanced countries it is yet to take shape in developing nations like Nigeria. The methodology deployed is doctrinal with primary and secondary sources being the content of Statutes, Bills and Case law. Online sources were also relied upon for secondary sources. The study found that TPF will assist in higher fundraising for litigation and arbitration, that it applies mainly to claimants and will increase access to justice. It is recommended that funds be made available to Defendants too and that developing countries should embrace the practice.

Egypt: Recent Developments in Arbitration Law

Egypt: Recent Developments in Arbitration Law

(Un)Doing performative decolonisation in the global development ‘imaginaries’ of academia

In Western academic spaces, more and more stakeholders are claiming commitments to ‘decolonisation’. Yet in environments shaped by rankings, impact factors, citation numbers and third-party funding figures, what claims to be decolonial scholarship can easily end up being as extractive and violent as the subject it is claiming to confront. In this article, we reflect on attempts to decolonise both the discipline and practice of ‘development’, especially with regard to knowledge ‘production’ in this academic disciplinary space. We are doing this from a particular situatedness that is itself contradictory, as we are both facilitators of an EU-funded network focused on ‘Decolonising Development’ and of Convivial Thinking, a non-institutional, transnational web-based collective. We argue that imperial forms of knowing and making sense of the world are deeply entrenched in the structures of higher education, both shaping and limiting the ways in which what we call ‘development’ is researched, taught and practised. By reflecting on instances of academic activism and institutional pushback in both aforementioned networks, we show how institutional violence limits scholarly imaginations in ways that make sure academic or dominant knowledge structures are not radically challenged, thereby making claims of decolonisation purely performative. Despite this, we also point to concrete openings in both networks where undoing the entanglements of decolonising narratives, ‘development’ and the imperatives of scholarship – and thereby dismantling the master’s house that sustains it – seems within reach.

Research on the Third-party Funding System and China's Response

Research on the Third-party Funding System and China's Response

The Role of Inflation and The Performance of Rural Banks on Indonesia’s Economic Growth

The Role of Inflation and The Performance of Rural Banks on Indonesia’s Economic Growth

Examining the Effect of Third-Party Funding and Non-Performing Loan on Syariah Banking Financing: Moderating Role of Profitability

Today, the expansion of the Sharia banking industry has shown sustained development over time, indicating satisfactory growth and enhancement, particularly in asset accumulation. Profitability moderates the relationship between third-party funds and non-performing financing on financing in Sharia banking (a case study of all Sharia commercial banks for 2018-2022). This study determines the influence of Third-Party Funds (DPK) and non-performing Financing (NPF) on financing with profitability as a moderating variable. This research uses a type of research, namely quantitative research using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The samples used were 10 banks. The analytical tool used is multiple linear analysis using the EVIEWS application. Research results show that third-party funds have no effect on financing at Sharia Commercial Banks, non-performing financing has no effect on financing at Sharia Commercial Banks, and profitability cannot moderate third-party funds and non-performing financing on financing at Sharia Commercial Banks.

Profitability as a Mediation for Problem Loans, Third-Party Funds, BI Rate on Company Value

This research from 2016 to 2022 intends to understand the relationship between the Islamic banking sector in Indonesia, company value, where profitability is the mediator between non-performing loans and third-party funds, and interest rates. This methodology uses purposive sampling to produce nine samples representing Islamic financial institutions. The criteria is an annual banking report, which can be obtained on the bank's official website or at the OJK. The quantitative descriptive methodology used in this research consists of the Sobel test and panel data regression analysis. Data analysis findings show that while profitability and the BI rate impact a company's value less, non-performing loans and third-party funding do. Profitability is unaffected by BI rates, non-performing loans, and third-party funding. Profitability does not mitigate the effect of third-party financing, non-performing loans, and the BI rate on a company's value.

Experimental Environment in Radiology: Sustainable Research

Research requires large sums of money that are indirectly provided by taxpayers. It is therefore important that research is sustainable and does not just serve the career development of individuals. The aim of this article is to discuss what sustainable research in radiology is, how it can be organised and, above all, to show that it is possible.There are various approaches to achieving sustainability, ranging from purely gaining knowledge to translated devices and contrast agents, and to new clinical applications. The first step is to clarify exactly what is intended to be achieved with the research and critically weigh up the novelty value and the expected impact. This should be followed by careful, long-term planning of the project over a period of 5-15 years with the definition of clear sub-steps. Securing funding is just as important here as regular communication of the results. It often makes sense to involve the regulatory authorities and commercialisation partners in the project at an early stage.Academic radiology should not limit itself to serving as a test platform for imaging devices and contrast agents from industry, but should try to realise its own ideas and developments. Many academic centres around the world have shown that this is possible. Examples from my own research, particularly in relation to the development and translation of super-resolution ultrasound imaging and the development of diagnostics and nanopharmaceuticals, are explained in this article and challenges at various stages of development are discussed. Young radiologists are encouraged to set bigger and more long-term goals in order to influence and develop our field in a sustainable way. · Sustainable research requires creativity and careful planning. · Sustainable research can start at several stages of the technical readiness level. · Long-term planning of the overall concept (5-15 years) with clear intermediate steps is essential. · Cooperation with industry is often useful. · Acquisition of third-party funding must be ensured at the same time.

INDIA: THIRD-PARTY FUNDING IN PRACTICE OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION

High expenses are associated with international investment arbitration. To save the additional expenditure of the adjudication, parties typically prefer sponsored third-party ar bitration proceedings. On the other hand, the third-party funder is interested in funding the arbitration to benefit significantly from the dispute’s resolution. Interestingly, the arbitrators should be able to overlook the Third-Party Funding [TPF] issue to gain the necessary compe tency. Their competence is limited to disputes between the foreign investor and the host state only. This article discusses the concept and legal status of the third-party funder in arbitration. Keywords: Arbitration, third-party funding, expenses, adjudication, disputes, dispute resolution.

Authorship regulations in performance-based funding systems and publication behaviour – A case study of German medical faculties

This article investigates whether German medical faculties with different authorship regulations show different publication patterns. In 2004, the German Research Foundation (DFG) suggested a formula consisting of third-party funding, the cumulated JIF of publications and a fractional counting of publications to counteract the increasing inflation of author counts in medical publications. Whereas the third-party funding and the JIF are generally used in research evaluation without variation, the authorship regulation differs among medical faculties. We therefore compare medical faculties using the DFG model - to credit first and last authors with a higher share than middle authors - with those faculties that apply whole counting. We answer the question whether the faculties with the different counting methods also show different authorship and publication behaviour, i.e., authorship and collaboration patterns, the choice of journals (JIF level) and the citation impact (share of highly-cited papers). Findings indicate a clear trend of increasing co-author numbers and of middle-author papers, irrespective of authorship regulation. Publications with DFG model have only a slightly lower average author count and lower shares of middle-author papers than whole-counted publications. Our findings suggest that the DFG regulation has not resulted in a reduction of the number of authors, which was a major aim. Moreover, the results show that the use of whole counting goes together with higher productivity and higher impact, which may be a good reason to select that model.

Mapping the German Diamond Open Access Journal Landscape

In the current scientific and political discourse surrounding the transformation of the scientific publication system, significant attention is focused on Diamond Open Access (OA). Diamond OA is characterized by no charges for readers or authors and relies on monetary allowances and voluntary work. This article explores the potential and challenges of Diamond OA journals, using Germany as a case study. Two key questions are addressed: first, the current role of such journals in the scientific publication system is determined through bibliometric analysis across various disciplines. Second, an investigation is conducted to assess the sustainability of Diamond OA journals and identify associated structural problems or potential breaking points. This investigation includes an in-depth expert interview study involving 20 editors of Diamond OA journals. The empirical results are presented using a landscape map that considers two dimensions: 'monetized and gift-based completion of tasks' and 'journal team size.' The bibliometric analysis reveals a substantial number of Diamond OA journals in the social sciences and humanities, but limited adoption in other fields. The model proves effective for small to mid-sized journals, but not for larger ones. Additionally, it was found that 23 Diamond OA journals have recently discontinued their operations. The expert interviews demonstrate the diversity within the landscape and the usefulness of the two dimensions in understanding key differences. Journals in two of the four quadrants of the map exemplify sustainable conditions, while the other two quadrants raise concerns about long-term stability. These concerns include limited funding leading to a lack of division of labor and an excessive burden on highly committed members. Gift-like contributions, while appealing, also present challenges as potential donors not only decide whether to contribute but also how to contribute, potentially creating friction between the gift and the journal's requirements. Furthermore, journals in the lower right quadrant often rely on third-party funding, necessitating a transformation once the funding expires. Common pathways for sustaining operations include lobbying for funding at the journal's home institution or increasing reliance on gift-based completion of tasks. These findings underscore the need for the development of more sustainable funding models to ensure the success of Diamond OA journals.

Addressing the Costs Imbalance Resulting from Third-Party Funded Investment Claims

Third-party funding (TPF) has become a hot topic in investment arbitration, and its significant growth has provoked concerns from policymakers, academics, and states. One of the issues raised most frequently has been its impact on costs and security for costs orders. Growing case law suggests that states will likely be held liable for the funded legal costs of the claimant and may even be held liable for the costs incurred by the claimant to obtain funding. At the other end of the spectrum, states face the risk of being unable to recover their costs as the use of funding facilitates access to financially distressed investors. This article highlights that the current arbitral practice and legal framework have brought about a situation in which funders and claimants are able to transfer the risk associated with funding to states. It also demonstrates that the proposed options to address states’ concerns, namely holding funders liable for adverse costs and requesting security for costs, are unlikely to function as solutions. Thus, this article argues that unless appropriate amendments or reforms are undertaken to address this imbalance, states will be unfairly burdened for the benefit acquired by the claimant and funder. Third-Party Funding, Investment Arbitration, Security for Costs, Allocation of Costs, Funder Liability, Costs of Funding, Recovery of Costs, Reform of ISDS

Third-Party Funding in International Arbitration: An Analysis of Policy Challenges and Practical Considerations

Third-Party Funding in International Arbitration: An Analysis of Policy Challenges and Practical Considerations

Future and prospects of CRIS-informed funding support at TU Wien

TU Wien, Austria's leading technical university, relies heavily on third-party funding to maintain its research competitiveness. However, navigating the vast and competitive funding landscape can be daunting for researchers. The sheer number of options, limited information access, and fiercely competitive environment necessitate a more strategic approach. With success rates sometimes hovering around a few percent, excellence in non-scientific proposal parts is essential to be successful!This challenging environment drives the evolution of the university's funding support unit, away from administrative tasks to success-oriented support. A continuous improvement process (CIP) ensures up-to-date access to information and also customized support activities to enhance success rates. The CIP is based on four corner stones: A one-stop shop for funding opportunities, monitoring of grant applications and outcomes, performance analysis and the development and implementation of tailored support actions. TU Wien's internal CRIS system is pivotal in this endeavor! The data-driven approach ensures that researchers have the best chance of securing funding and thus supports the advancement of scientific knowledge and innovation!

Prolonged mHealth-Based Arrhythmia Monitoring in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM-PATCH): Protocol for a Single-Center Cohort Study.

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are at increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to ventricular arrhythmias and other arrhythmias. Screening for arrhythmias is mandatory to assess the individual SCD risk, but long-term electrocardiography (ECG) is rarely performed in routine clinical practice. Intensified monitoring may increase the detection rate of ventricular arrhythmias and identify more patients with an increased SCD risk who are potential candidates for the primary prophylactic implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. To date, reliable data on the clinical benefit of prolonged arrhythmia monitoring in patients with HCM are rare. This prospective study aims to measure the prevalence of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with HCM observed by mobile health (mHealth)-based continuous rhythm monitoring over 14 days compared to standard practice (a 24- and 48-h long-term ECG). The frequency of ventricular arrhythmias in this 14-day period is compared with the frequency in the first 24 or 48 hours for the same patient (intraindividual comparison). Following the sample size calculation, 34 patients with a low or intermediate risk for SCD, assessed by the HCM Risk-SCD calculator, will need to be recruited in this single-center cohort study between June 2023 and February 2024. All patients will receive an ECG patch that records their heart activity over 14 days. In addition, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and genetic testing data will be integrated into risk stratification. All patients will be asked to complete questionnaires about their symptoms; previous therapy; family history; and, at the end of the study, their experience with the ECG patch-based monitoring. The Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Clinical Impact of a Prolonged mHealth-Based Arrhythmia Monitoring by Single-Channel ECG (HCM-PATCH) study investigates the prevalence of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (ie, ≥3 consecutive ventricular beats at a rate of 120 beats per minute, lasting for <30 seconds) in low- to intermediate-risk patients with HCM (according to the HCM Risk-SCD calculator) with additional mHealth-based prolonged rhythm monitoring. The study was funded by third-party funding from the Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ostwestfalen-Lippe of Bielefeld University in June 2023 and approved by the institutional review board in May 2023. Data collection began in June 2023, and we plan to end the study in February 2024. Of the 34 patients, 26 have been recruited. Data analysis has not yet taken place. Publication of the results is planned for the fall of 2024. Prolonged mHealth-based rhythm monitoring could lead to differences in the prevalence of arrhythmias compared to 24- and 48-hour long-term ECGs. This may lead to improved identification of patients at high risk and trigger therapeutic interventions that may provide better protection from SCD or atrial fibrillation-related complications such as embolic stroke. Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien DRKS00032144; https://tinyurl.com/498bkrx8. DERR1-10.2196/52035.