Things Past Research Articles

Comparative cognition: Free-living birds remember things past

New research suggests that free-living blue and great tits remember foraging, including food type, location, and time since eating, even when event details were not known to be relevant for a subsequent assessment of memory, implicating the use of episodic memory in natural behavior.

Remembrances of things past: evidence from a twenty-year Kerala panel

ABSTRACTWe construct a panel of 242 households from five consecutive Kerala Migration Surveys that span 20 years at five-year intervals to study the fundamental determinants of the decision to migrate abroad as well as the decision to remit. Accounting for time-invariant unobservables and allowing migration and remittance behavior to depend upon previous choices clarifies our understanding of both decisions. Migration and remittance behavior display positive serial correlation over a five-year time horizon and the presence of a return migrant in the household increases the likelihood of migration by 13% and remittances by 4%. Migration is 1% more likely in female-headed households, 4% less likely when the household head is employed, increases by 0.4% for each additional year of the household head's age and is 6% more likely in households that are asset-poor. Remittances are between 20% and 70% more likely to obtain when the migrant was married at the time of migration and 3% less likely when the household head is employed, the latter suggesting either an old-age security or a co-insurance motive. Evidence in favor of a very strong inheritance competition motive is found in that each additional male heir increases the likelihood of remittances by between 8% and 31%. Based on our econometric evidence, and in particular our findings pertaining to serial correlation and the presence of a return migrant in the household, it is likely that both migration from and remittances to Kerala will quickly rebound to their pre-pandemic levels.

Remembrance of things past

Nonlinear sigma models on de Sitter background have proved a useful prototype for quantum gravity in summing the large logarithms which arise from loop corrections. We consider a model whose evolution is described, at leading logarithm order, by the trace of the coincident, doubly differentiated scalar propagator. An analytic approximation for this quantity on an arbitrary expansion history is applied to generalize the resummed de Sitter result to any cosmological background which has experienced primordial inflation. In addition to analytic expressions, we present explicit numerical results for the evolution in a plausible expansion history. The large scales of primordial inflation are transmitted to late times.

David in the Desert: Tradition and Redaction in the "History of David's Rise" ed. by Hannes Bezzel and Reinhard G. Kratz

Reviewed by: David in the Desert: Tradition and Redaction in the "History of David's Rise" ed. by Hannes Bezzel and Reinhard G. Kratz Leonardo Pessoa da Silva Pinto hannes bezzel and reinhard g. kratz (eds.), David in the Desert: Tradition and Redaction in the "History of David's Rise" (BZAW 514; Berlin: de Gruyter, 2021). Pp. vii + 353. $114. Edited by Hannes Bezzel and Reinhard G. Kratz, this volume is a collection of papers presented at the symposium "David in the Desert," held at the Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, in September 2018, focusing on the tradition and redaction criticism of the so-called "History of David's Rise." Written in English and German, the papers are authored both by renowned veterans in the field and by a younger generation of scholars. In the introduction to the volume (pp. 1–8), the editors explain that the idea of a powerful empire under David has been criticized by recent scholarship. The same fate happened to Leonhard Rost's proposals on the source known as the "History of David's Rise," which are now challenged by the view that these stories aim, instead, to connect the Saul and David traditions. Therefore, the papers in this book focus on the textual development of the stories between 1 Samuel 16 and 2 Samuel 1. Owing to space limitations, I can give here only the outline of the topics treated in each contribution. In "David in the Judean Desert: Beobachtungen an ausgewählten Qumrantexten" (pp. 9–34), Peter Porzig analyzes 1 Sam 16:14–23, David as a musician in Saul's court, in light of David's image as a musician and a warrior in the nonbiblical Dead Sea Scrolls. In the second essay, "Saul, David und die Entstehung der Monarchie in Israel: Neubewertung des historischen und literarischen Kontexts von 1Sam 9–2Sam 5" (pp. 35–64), Omer Sergi maintains that the traditions about Saul are not northern, as is often claimed, but are from circles in Jerusalem. Sara Kipfer's contribution, "The Land 'from Telam on the Way to Shur and on to the Land of Egypt' (1 Sam 27)" (pp. 65–102), studies the political and geographical landscape of Philistine territories, concluding that David's "bandit" activities met a vacuum of power in that region. In her essay, "All the of Israel (1 Sam 27:1): Israel's 'Boundaries' in David's wanderings" (pp. 103–26), Mahri Leonard-Fleckman discusses the dating of 1 Samuel 27 and the possibility that it belongs to a phase earlier than scholarship generally supposes. Walter Dietrich's "Der Mann, mit dem Gott war: Kompositions- und quellenkritische Überlegungen zur Darstellung des Aufstiegs Davids in den [End Page 365] Samuelbüchern" (pp. 127–44) proposes that the court narrator of the eighth or seventh century used two existing narrative cycles, one focusing on the story of the Saulides, the other on the bandit activities of David. In the sixth essay, "David and His Alter Ego in the Desert" (pp. 145–58), A. Graeme Auld explains some recent developments concerning his ideas on the "Book of Two Houses," a source at the base of the synoptic chapters in Samuel–Kings and Chronicles. Hannes Bezzel devotes his analysis in "Saul and David – Stages of Their Literary Relationship" (pp. 159–80) to the connection between a Samuel-Saul cycle and the David narrative. In his essay, "On a Redaction Technique in 1 Sam 19:18–21:1" (pp. 181–92), Ronnie Goldstein maintains that the mentions of the "Great Cistern" were added to connect the stories of David and Jonathan's farewell to Saul's prophetic frenzy in Naioth. In his contribution, "David and the Priests of Nob: Collusion or Illusion" (pp. 193–24), Jeremy M. Hutton suggests that the Nob episodes in 1 Samuel 21 and 1 Samuel 22 originally constituted two distinct traditions. Georg Hentschel's "David's Flight to the King of Gath" (pp. 225–34) focuses on the stories of David with King Achish and maintains that they reflect an early layer of stories of David as leader of an Apiru band. In "David and Achish: Remembrance of Things Past, Present, or Future?" (pp. 235–48...

Remembrance of things past

Remembrance of things past

Remembrance of things past: The consequences of recurrent hypoglycaemia in diabetes.

People with type 1 and type 2 diabetes still frequently experience hypoglycaemia, which can be severe, leading to loss of consciousness. This review will examine the cellular consequences of recurrent hypoglycaemia. This review, based on the Dorothy Hodgkin Lecture given at the Diabetes UK 2022 annual symposium by the author, will discuss our current understanding of the mechanisms by which hypoglycaemia is detected and the consequences of recurrent exposure to hypoglycaemia. Glucose-responsive cells found in the periphery as well as multiple areas of the brain are organised in a classical sensori-motor integrative network encompassing peripheral, hindbrain and hypothalamic components. The mechanism used by glucose-responsive neurons to detect hypoglycaemia parallel those of the classical glucose sensor the pancreatic ß-cell, namely in their use of glucokinase, KATP channels and AMP-activated protein kinase. Recurrent exposure to hypoglycaemia results in a series of cellular adaptations that may be designed to increase the resilience of cells to future hypoglycaemia. This review also highlights how hypoglycaemia, as an oxidative stressor, may also exacerbate chronic hyperglycaemia-induced increases in oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to damage to vulnerable brain regions. Impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia follows the adaptation of central glucose-responsive neurons to repeated hypoglycaemia and may represent a form of memory called habituation. In diabetes, recurrent hypoglycaemia may have tissue consequences as a result of a profound disruption in the cellular response to a hypoglycaemic challenge that increases vulnerability to oxidative damage.

Multi-scale transition matrix approach to time series

Statistical and structural characteristics provide us with a multi-dimensional picture of time series. Rooting the properties in a unified scheme is the preliminary step to develop a model that can reproduce most part or even the whole of the picture. In this paper, we proposed a concept called multi-scale transition matrix, which is a series of transition matrices describing the jumping probabilities between states after specified numbers of jumps each. The eigenvectors corresponding to the unitary eigenvalues are identical with the probability distribution function. The second largest eigenvalues depict the upper-boundary curve of the persistence. The change speed of the eigenvector corresponding to the second largest eigenvalue along with time scale displays the relaxation behavior of the time series. The multi-scale matrix maintains the structure of autocorrelation in the original time series and its evolution, which are merged by the averaging procedure in the statistical properties. These predictions are confirmed by using the series generated with the Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity Model, the Auto-Regression Model and the fractional Brownian motion, and the empirical records for Shenzhen Component index in Mainland China and the word length series of the novel entitled Remembrance of Things Past written by Marcel Proust. Hence, the concept is a good candidate of bridges between the multi-dimensional picture and the dynamical models of the time series.

Remembrance of Things Past (In Search of Lost Time)

Remembrance of Things Past (In Search of Lost Time) Jussi Jaakola (bio) For my father I The heartknows better The vast chaosof the universe The shock and painof losing a loved one The forgivenessof time Bittersweetmemories II The cyclicalnature of film The deathof an art form [End Page 308] Imperfect spaces increasinglyout of reach Inconsolablegrief Whereverwe may be [End Page 309] Jussi Jaakola Jussi Jaakola is a film director, writer, and poet. He is known for 60 Seconds of Solitude in Year Zero, an anthology film dedicated to preserving the freedom of thought in cinema, and is the author of Saturday Night: Poems 1999–2011 and Unconditional Love: Poems 2012–2017. His work has appeared in the Journal of Jungian Scholarly Studies, the Oxford Monitor of Forced Migration, and the poetry anthology Chorus, published by MTV Books/Simon & Schuster. Copyright © 2021 Association for Public Religion and Intellectual Life

The Invalid

Abstract “The Invalid” is an autobiographical account of one American novelist’s reading Proust over the course of his life. After the initial impact of encountering Remembrance of Things Past as a young soldier in 1968 Germany, he is forced to wonder: Did Proust bring the novel to an end? Could there be an American equivalent to his novel? And why among writers is there a saying, “If you want to write like Proust, don’t write like Proust”? Searching for the key to Proust’s achievement, the author realizes that over the years he has possibly read more about Proust than he has Proust. And yet, as an invalid himself toward the end of his life, he can only conclude that the novel is inimitable.

Proust under the Covers

Abstract This essay begins as a reminiscence of its author’s early readings, including the first volume of Marcel Proust’s Remembrance of Things Past. It then reflects on Proust’s depiction of his family, his love of art, and his pessimistic views on love.

Greg Anderson. The Realness of Things Past: Ancient Greece and Ontological History.

Greg Anderson. The Realness of Things Past: Ancient Greece and Ontological History.

Greg Anderson, The Realness of Things Past. Ancient Greece and Ontological History. Oxford, Oxford University Press 2018

Greg Anderson, The Realness of Things Past. Ancient Greece and Ontological History. Oxford, Oxford University Press 2018

Marcel Proust et l’imaginaire gothique

By associating the imagination of progress with its corollary, permanent innovation, one has the feeling that modernity proceeds from a break with the past, as reflected by avant-garde artists. Nevertheless, as Malraux said, Literature dwells on past works rather than on reality, and this leads us to reflect on our legacies. It is this question that this article proposes to raise in Proust’s work, through a dual approach: 1) a superficial reading suggests that in Remembrance of Things Past, the novelist admires the aristocracy whose slow disappearance he would bemoan; yet nothing is more wrong, since he is very ironic about its court mentality and its callous heart. On the other hand, Proust takes aristocracy into consideration as a group belonging to a particular territory and gives it a place in the social imaginary. Consequently, the question of identity does not arise from oneself but refers to the place where one comes from; 2) it is undeniable that RTP brings back to life something of the French identity: the village of Combray represents the provincial and traditional France, its churches are places of memory more so than places of worship—and the writer maintains a lively relationship with all of this.

Relevance of Things Past: Contemporary Applications of Early Modern Studies

Relevance of Things Past: Contemporary Applications of Early Modern Studies

Misremembrance of Things Past: Depression Is Associated With Difficulties in the Recollection of Both Specific and Categoric Autobiographical Memories.

Impaired retrieval of specific, autobiographical memories of personally experienced events is characteristic of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, findings in subclinical samples suggest that the reduced specificity phenomenon may reflect a broader impairment in the deliberate retrieval of all autobiographical memory types. This experiment (N = 68) explored this possibility by requiring individuals with and without MDD to complete a cued-recall task that required retrieval of specific, single-incident memories to a block of cues; retrieval of categoric, general memories to a block of cues; and to alternate between retrieval of specific and general memories for a block of cues. Results demonstrated that relative to never-depressed controls, individuals with MDD experience reduced recall of both specific (d = 0.48) and general memories (d = 1.00) along with reduced flexibility in alternating between specific and general memories (d = 0.90). Findings support further development of autobiographical memory–based interventions that target a range of retrieval deficits rather than specificity alone.

Remembrance of Things Past: Marxism and the Study of Popular Music

AbstractThis article considers the role of Marxism in the history of popular music studies. Its approach combines the sociology of knowledge with a personal memoir and its argument is that in becoming a field of scholarly interest popular music studies drew from both Marxist theoretical arguments about cultural ideology in the 1950s and 1960s and from rock writers’ arguments about the role of music in shaping socialist bohemianism in the 1960s and 1970s. To take popular music seriously academically meant taking it seriously politically. Once established as an academic subject, however, popular music studies were absorbed into both established music departments and vocational, commercial music courses. Marxist ideas and ideologues were largely irrelevant to the subsequent development of popular music studies as a scholarly field.

STILL, IMAGE: EXCERPTS FROM IN REMEMBRANCE OF THINGS PAST

Born in 1943 in the Bronx, Gerard Malanga became an important figure in the art world of New York beginning in the 1960s. From underground film and music to photography to poetry, Malanga seemed to be everywhere at once over his long career. He now lives in Hudson, New York. What follows are excerpts from In Remembrance of Things Past, a memoir built of disparate vignettes and juxtaposed meditations drawn from the full range of his life and work. I have selected and arranged these excerpts to explore Malanga's thinking about the connections linking archives, memory, and the persistence of image making. Although he primarily thinks of himself as a poet, he has said that what unites his various art practices is "the language of the image." To allow this grouping to work on its own terms, I have edited these selections for technical consistency and provided an overarching title.

Walking as Practice and Prose as Path Making: How Life Writing and Journey Can Intersect

Walking as Practice and Prose as Path Making: How Life Writing and Journey Can Intersect

The (mis)remembrance of things past: mechanisms of memory storage, updating and why we misremember

Memory is a critical function of the brain; we treasure many of our memories, and it is widely believed that our past experiences make us who we are. However, decades of psychological research has revealed that we are prone to having misinformation introduced into our memories, and a recent study has suggested that many people's ‘first memories’ are not actually real, but reconstructions based upon family stories and old photographs. So, how are memories stored in the brain, and how can it be that what we remember is not necessarily what actually happened?

Incipit: The Nineteenth Century (Mis)Reading the Eighteenth

Incipit:The Nineteenth Century (Mis)Reading the Eighteenth William Paulson and Caroline Weber For the next installment of this dialogic series, the journal asked William Paulson (University of Michigan) and Caroline Weber (Barnard College, Columbia University) to reflect on in what ways the nineteenth century (mis)reads the eighteenth. They composed their initial essays without knowing who their interlocutor would be or what would be the content of the other person's essay; the ensuing exchange, by e-mail, took place in the order presented below. In the nineteenth-century historical imagination, the eighteenth century was often strongly identified with the philosophes and with the Revolution. As a result, when nineteenth-century thinkers strove to reconnect with a prerevolutionary past, or with ancestry and origins that they could view as authentic, they often excluded the eighteenth century in favor of earlier periods. This originally reactionary move could be put to more progressive uses insofar as it helped to account for a sense that key promises of the Revolution remained unfulfilled. It also became a contested move, with Jules Michelet proclaiming the eighteenth to have been the "grand siècle," and Gérard de Nerval integrating the eighteenth century into an otherwise typically romantic construction of French origins. The focus on philosophes and Revolution, rarely, however, took note of the nineteenth century's massive role in realizing the Enlightenment project of a secular and materially-oriented world. (WP) In my portions of this Incipit, I propose to concentrate on modern (nineteenthto twenty-first century) appropriations of key figures of and from eighteenth-century French history, and to consider the political implications of these rewritings. I understand "figures" primarily in the rhetorical sense, looking, for instance and for starters, at the evolution of the palace of Versailles as a trope of absolutist power and privilege. I will also consider changing conceptions of history and time as such, with a particular focus on the messianic temporalities of René de Chateaubriand and Walter Benjamin and on the ambiguous self-fashioning of President Emmanuel Macron. (CW) [End Page 147] Excising Enlightenment William Paulson "Ah! diable! . . . Mais c'est un vaste sujet . . ." This description of Raphaël de Valentin's "Théorie de la volonté" from La Peau de chagrin was the first thing that came to mind on receiving the journal's invitation to write on what the nineteenth century inherits and misreads from its chronological predecessor.1 With no word limit and a five-year grant, this topic could yield something like an old-time thèse d'état, reaching who knows what sorts of conclusions. So some rather brutal reduction and abusive generalization will be inevitable in what follows. I will attempt to describe a fairly dominant nineteenth-century pattern of excluding the eighteenth century from its historical antecedents. We are accustomed to think of the nineteenth century as the "century of history," an era when being a major thinker typically involved having a developmental philosophy of history, when writers were obsessed with looking back to ancestors and origins, to simpler or more authentic times, to oral traditions and folk tales, to the realm of childhood and mothers and the people. Yet to a great extent, the eighteenth century was excluded from this dive into the waters of things past: too closely identified with the Revolution, and thus with the wound that the quest for antecedents and traditions was supposed to heal. In its unfitness to provide the sought-for connections, the eighteenth century was often described as a time of decadence, rigidity, or artificiality, an intrusion or interruption in the organic development of society and culture. National origins were sought in the newly valorized Middle Ages, subjects for historical dramas in the Renaissance; the Romantics leapt over the previous century to define themselves in opposition to the "classics" of the reign of Louis XIV. That this schema is reactionary in its origin and its main thrust does not prevent it from being historically salient, or even from remaining pertinent today. It can fairly be said to have begun with Chateaubriand, in opposition to Madame de Staël, and it played a significant role in the early nineteenth century's self-definition, its...