Thigh Injuries Research Articles

A systematic review and network meta-analysis on the effectiveness of exercise-based interventions for reducing the injury incidence in youth team-sport players. Part 1: an analysis by classical training components

Objectives The primary purposes were (a) to estimate the pooled effects of injury prevention programs (IPPs) on reducing overall and some specific body regions (lower extremity, thigh, knee, and ankle) injury incidence rates (IIRs) and (b) to compare the effects of single- and multi-component IPPs on mitigating injury risk in youth team sport athletes. A secondary objective was to explore the individual effects of different components on these IIRs. Materials and methods Searches were performed up to 15 January 2024 in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library. Eligible criteria were: exercise-based interventions evaluated against a control group, overall IIRs were reported, and youth (≤19 years old) team sport players. Two reviewers extracted data and assessed trial quality using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale (PEDro), and a risk of bias tool (Cochrane Back and Neck Group). Pooled effects were calculated by Frequentist random effects pairwise and network meta-analyses. Results Twenty-one studies were included. IPPs reduced overall, lower extremities, thigh, knee, and ankle IIRs by an average of approximately 35%. Most of the IPPs demonstrated statistically significant risk mitigation effects for overall and lower extremity injuries compared to control group. Interventions comprised exclusively of strength ([IRR = 0.3 [95%CI = 0.10–0.93]) and flexibility (IRR = 0.49 [95%CI = 0.36–0.68]), as well as those including stability exercises, were the most effective measures for reducing injuries in youth team sports. Conclusions The implementation of current IPPs in training sessions for several weeks has shown to be an effective strategy for reducing the risk of injury in youth team sport athletes by one-third. Indirect evidence suggests that strength, flexibility, and stability might be exercise components with the highest risk mitigation effects; however, more research is crucial to confirm our estimates with direct evidence.

Numerical investigation of driver injury risks in car-to-end terminal crashes using a human finite element model

Although the safety performance of guardrail end terminals is tested using crash tests in the U.S., occupant injury risks are evaluated based on the flail-space model. This approach developed in the early 1980s neglects the influence of safety features (e.g. seatbelt, airbags, etc.) installed in late model vehicles. In this study, a vehicle (sedan, 1100 kg), a guardrail end terminal (ET-Plus) and a human body model (Global Human Body Model Consortium, GHBMC) were integrated to simulate car-to-end terminal crashes. Five velocities, two offsets, and two angles were used as pre-impact conditions. In all the 20 simulations, kinematics and kinetic data were recorded in GHBMC and vehicle models to calculate the GHBMC injury probabilities and vehicle-based injury metrics, correspondingly. Pre-impact velocity was observed to have the largest effect on the occupant injury measures. All the body-region and full-body injury risks increased with the increasing velocity. Meanwhile, the angles had a larger effect than offset to the change of full-body injury risk (9.1% vs. 0.3%). All the vehicle-based metrics had good correlations to full-body injury probabilities. Occupant Impact Velocity (OIVx), Acceleration Severity Index (ASI), and Theoretical Head Impact Velocity (THIV) had a good correlation to chest, thigh, upper tibia, and lower tibia injuries. All the other correlations (e.g. brain/head injuries) were not statistically significant. The results pointed out that more vehicle-based metrics (ASI and THIV) could help improve the predictability in terms of occupant injury risks in the tests. Numerical methodology could be used to assess head and brain injury probabilities, which were not predictable by any vehicle-based metrics.

Identifying the influence of airbag structure on driver injury during a crash using a dummy model

This study undertakes the analysis of collision scenario using a car model with a dummy and airbags, in the event of a direct collision with a hard wall, one of the necessary studies of passive safety. To describe in detail, the input conditions, a simulation problem of the driver's seat displacements was performed and this displacements data was exported as boundary conditions for the collision simulation. The results simulation crash show that the calculated energy values and simulation results are approximately the same (7.381E+07 and 7.367E+07), energy is converted from kinetic energy into internal energy of the elements. The airbag deployment simulation results are similar to NHTSA's previous research, both in terms of graph shape and maximum value. The impact of the collision incident on the driver is not excessively large, as evidenced by surveys on head (HIC 300), thigh (F 2.8 kN), and neck (F3,098 kN; T 190 Nm) injuries. However, the study proceeds to further analyze and assess the airbag's structure, examining its influence on these metrics, concluding that changes in the exhaust valve size (increase from 1000 mm2 to 2000 mm2) lead to a reduction in the evaluated parameters. These results suggest changes to the airbag structure to enhance driver safety, as well as a simpler simulation model to save analysis time

Efficacy of a new injury prevention programme (FUNBALL) in young male football (soccer) players: a cluster-randomised controlled trial

ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of a new multicomponent, exercise-based injury prevention programme in football players 13–19 years old.MethodsTwo-arm cluster-randomised controlled trial with clubs as the unit of randomisation. 55 football...

A systematic review and network meta-analysis on the effectiveness of exercise-based interventions for reducing the injury incidence in youth team-sport players. Part 2: an analysis by movement patterns

The objectives of this network meta-analysis were: (a) to estimate and compare the pooled effects of some injury prevention programs (IPPs) whose exercise-based components were categorized using a movement pattern-specific taxonomy on reducing overall and some specific body regions (lower extremity, thigh, knee, and ankle) injury incidences in youth team sport athletes and (b) to explore the individual effects of these components on the injury incidence rates (IIRs) previously mentioned. Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library. Eligible criteria were: exercise-based interventions comprised of exercises involving athletic motor skill competencies and evaluated against a control group, overall IIRs were reported, and youth (≤19 years old) team sport players. For the current analysis, a taxonomy based on movement patterns was employed for exercise component identification (upper body pushing and pulling; lower body concentric and eccentric; core; mechanics; acceleration; and lower body stability). Pooled effects were calculated by frequentist random effects pairwise and network meta-analyses. Nineteen studies were included. Most of the IPPs exhibit risk reduction when compared to their control groups on overall, lower extremity, and ankle injuries. Interventions comprised of lower body concentric and eccentric, core, mechanics, and lower body stability exercises were the most effective measures for reducing these injuries. None of the IPPs demonstrated to be effective for reducing thigh injuries, and contradictory results were found for knee injuries. Individual analysis at component level revealed that the lower body (bilateral and unilateral, concentric, and eccentric) component was the only one associated with a significant reduction on overall injuries. Indirect evidence suggests that interventions incorporating lower body concentric and eccentric, core, mechanics, and lower body stability exercises might be the most effective for reducing overall, lower extremity, and ankle injuries in youth team sports.

Injury patterns and healthcare utilisation by runners of the New York City Marathon

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe injury patterns and healthcare utilisation of marathon runners.MethodsThis was a previously reported 16-week prospective observational study of runners training for the New...

A similar injury profile observed in franchise men’s and women’s cricket in England and Wales: injury surveillance analysis from the first three ‘The Hundred’ competitions

ObjectivesTo describe the injury profile of a novel format cricket competition (‘The Hundred’) and compare injury incidence and prevalence between the men’s and women’s competitions.MethodsMedical staff prospectively collected injury data...

Magnetic resonance imaging predicts the days lost from training and competition: evaluation of 56 indirect muscle injuries in professional football players.

Lower limb muscle injuries have a strong impact in training and official competitions stoppage for professional football players. This study aimed to explore the relationship between oedema-like changes found on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acute indirect thigh injuries muscles and the time required for the athlete to return to individual training - "return to training" (RTT) and for full availability for official competitions - "return to play" (RTP). Professional football players from 2017/2018 to 2021/2022 seasons top league team with clinical and ultrasound (US) diagnosis of acute hamstrings or quadriceps muscle injury, confirmed on 48/72h subsequent MRI, were included. MRI images were retrospectively re-evaluated. MRI parameters evaluated were cross-sectional area (CSA), cranio-caudal extension (CCE), distance to nearest insertion (DI) and volume (V). Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to find factors related to RTT, RTP, and episodes of reinjuries. Thirty-four first traumatic muscle injuries met the inclusion criteria. The mean time to RTT and RTP was 22 (4-49) and 25 (4-55) days, respectively. CCE and V resulted as independent predictive MRI variables for the time to RTT (P=0.012) and RTP (P=0.02), respectively. Thresholds of CCE≥11.31 cm and V ≥19.5cc can predict a time to RTT≥22 days (Odds Ratio [OR] 9.5) and RTP≥25 days (OR 4.583), respectively. The decision on the time required for RTP is based on clinic and imaging evaluation; CCE and V of the MRI oedema-like changes help to define the prognosis of the injury.

#ReadyToPlay: health problems in women’s football–a two-season prospective cohort study in the Norwegian premier league

ObjectivesTo describe the prevalence, incidence and burden of all health problems in the Norwegian women’s premier league.MethodsDuring the 2020 and 2021 seasons, players in the Norwegian women’s premier league reported...

Application of fiber optic sensors using Machine Learning algorithms for temperature measurement of lithium-ion batteries

Optical fiber sensors using low-coherence interferometry require processing of the output spectrum or interferogram to determine the instantaneous value of the measured quantity, such as temperature, quickly and accurately. Methods based on machine learning are a good candidate for this application. The application of four such methods in an optical fiber sensor of temperature is demonstrated. Using a ZnO-coated sensing interferometer and spectral detection, the sensor is intended for monitoring lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. While the performance of all methods was good, some of them seem to be better suited for this application. Full Text: PDF References B. Wrålsen et al., "Circular business models for lithium-ion batteries - Stakeholders, barriers, and drivers", J. Clean. Prod. 317, 128393 (2021), CrossRef T. Deng et al., "Measuring smartphone usage and task switching with log tracking and self-reports", Mobile Media & Communication 7, 3 (2019), CrossRef Smartphone Subscriptions Worldwide 2027. Statista, DirectLink T. Jerzyński, G. V. Stimson, H. Shapiro, G. Król., "Estimation of the global number of e-cigarette users in 2020", Harm Reduct. J. 18, 109 (2021). CrossRef Battery chemistries, DirectLink Y. Chen, et al., "A review of lithium-ion battery safety concerns: The issues, strategies, and testing standards", J. Energy Chem 59, 83 (2021), CrossRef T. Görgülü, M. Torun, A. Olgun, "A cause of severe thigh injury: Battery explosion", Ann. Med. Surg. 5, 49 (2016) CrossRef T. Maraqa et al., "Too Hot for Your Pocket! Burns From E-Cigarette Lithium Battery Explosions: A Case Series", J. Burn Care Res. 39, 1043 (2018). CrossRef Y. Chen et al., "A review of lithium-ion battery safety concerns: The issues, strategies, and testing standards", J. Energy Chem. 59, 83 (2021), CrossRef Q. Wang et al., "Thermal runaway caused fire and explosion of lithium ion battery", J. Power Sources 208, 210 (2012), CrossRef P. V. Chombo, L. Yossapong, "A review of safety strategies of a Li-ion battery", J. Power Sources 478, 228649 (2020), CrossRef P. Listewnik, M. Bechelany, J. B. Jasinski, M. Szczerska, "ZnO ALD-Coated Microsphere-Based Sensors for Temperature Measurements", Sensors 20, 4689 (2020), CrossRef M. Szczerska, "Temperature Sensors Based on Polymer Fiber Optic Interferometer", Chemosensors 10, 228 (2022), CrossRef M. Kruczkowski et al., "redictions of cervical cancer identification by photonic method combined with machine learning", Sci. Rep. 12, 3762 (2022), CrossRef

Epidemiology of Injuries in Men's Professional and Amateur Football (Part I).

Background (1): Football is the most popular sport among men, associated with a certain risk of injury, which leads to short- and long-term health consequences. While the injury profile of professional footballers is known, little is known about the injury profile of amateur footballers; amateur football is a major and diverse area, the development of which should be a priority for football associations around the world and UEFA. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of epidemiological literature data on injuries in professional and amateur football players belonging to certain leagues. Methods (2): A systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines was performed until June 2023 in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Google Academic, Google Scholar, and Diva portal. Forty-six studies reporting injury incidence in professional and amateur men's football were selected and analyzed. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality using an adapted version of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) to assess risk of bias for the quality of external validity. Results (3): The overall incidence of injuries in professional male football players was 7.75 ± 2.28, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h of exposure and that of amateur football players was 7.98 ± 2.95, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h of exposure. The incidence of match injuries (30.64 ± 10.28, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 exposure hours) was 7.71 times higher than the training injury incidence rate (3.97 ± 1.35, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h) in professional football players and 5.45 times higher in amateurs (17.56 ± 6.15 vs. 3.22 ± 1.4, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h). Aggregate lower extremity injuries had the highest prevalence in both categories of footballers, being 83.32 ± 4.85% in professional footballers and 80.4 ± 7.04% in amateur footballers: thigh, ankle, and knee injuries predominated. Conclusions (4): Professional and amateur football players are at substantial risk of injury, especially during matches that require the highest level of performance. Injury rates have implications for players, coaches, and sports medicine practitioners. Therefore, information on football injuries can help develop personalized injury risk mitigation strategies that could make football safer for both categories of football players. The current findings have implications for the management, monitoring, and design of training, competition, injury prevention, especially severe injury, and education programs for amateur football players.

Pelvic, Hip, and Thigh Injuries.

Pelvic, Hip, and Thigh Injuries.

6 February 2023, orthopedic experience in Kahramanmaraş earthquake and surgical decision in patients with crush syndrome

BackgroundThe decision of fasciotomy or amputation in crush syndrome is controversial and challenging for surgeons. We aimed to share our experiences after the Kahramanmaraş earthquake, to predict the severity of crush syndrome and mortality, and to guide the surgical decision.MethodsThe clinical data of patients during their first week of hospitalization were analyzed retrospectively. Totally, 233 crush syndrome patients were included. Demographic data, physical and laboratory findings, surgical treatments, and outcomes were recorded.ResultsThe mean time under the rubble was 41.89 ± 29.75 h. Fasciotomy and amputation were performed in 41 (17.6%) and 72 (30.9%) patients. One hundred and two patients (56.7%) underwent hemodialysis. Fifteen patients (6.4%) died. Lower extremity injury, abdominal trauma, and thoracic trauma were associated with mortality. Mortality was significantly increased in patients with thigh injuries (p = 0.028). The mean peak CK concentration was 69.817.69 ± 134.812.04 U/L. Peak CK concentration increased substantially with amputation (p = 0.002), lower limb injury (p < 0.001), abdominal trauma (p = 0.011), and thoracic trauma (p = 0.048).ConclusionsThigh injury is associated with the severity of crush syndrome and mortality. Late fasciotomy should not be preferred in crush syndrome. Amputation is life-saving, especially in desperate lower extremity injuries.

Changes in knee flexion-extension performance and hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio during a fatiguing isokinetic protocol in male professional futsal players

ABSTRACT Knee flexion (KF) and extension (KE) performance and hamstring-to-quadriceps (H:Q) ratio are used to estimate injury risk and readiness to return to sport. However, the traditional measures (i.e. non-fatigued state and by peak torque [PT]) may not reflect the thigh and knee injury conditions (i.e. high-speed actions and fatigue presence). We verified the effects of a high-speed isokinetic fatigue protocol (30 consecutive KF and KE concentric contractions at 300°/s) on KF and KE performance and H:Q ratios assessed through different parameters (i.e. PT, work, average and peak power) in male professional futsal players (n = 17). A significant (p < 0.01) time × muscle group interaction was verified. There were reductions (p < 0.01) in KF by PT (84.79 ± 15.05 to 50.29 ± 15.29 Nm), work (87.28 ± 14.46 to 39.00 ± 13.83 Nm), average power (227.81 ± 39.31 to 104.75 ± 31.24 W) and peak power (383.40 ± 59.90 to 191.39 ± 48.35 W). Similarly, KE performance decreased (p < 0.01) for all parameters (PT: 131.36 ± 16.05 to 81.61 ± 9.15 Nm; work: 148.83 ± 20.88 to 90.72 ± 11.89 Nm; average power: 148.83 ± 20.88 to 90.72 ± 11.89 W; peak power: 664.74 ± 85.32 to 398.38 ± 42.42 W). KF (−55.18 ± 13.91% to −40.94 ± 12.66%) showed a higher percentage decrease than KE (−40.46 ± 7.38% to −37.45 ± 6.61%). Finally, reductions (p < 0.01) in H:Q ratio by work, average and peak power but not by PT (p = 0.25) were verified. The tested methods can provide additional information about the athlete’s condition.

Hospitalization costs of injury in elderly population in China: a quantile regression analysis

BackgroundTrauma in the elderly is gradually growing more prevalent as the aging population increases over time. The purpose of this study is to assess hospitalization costs of the elderly trauma population and analyze the association between those costs and the features of the elderly trauma population.MethodsIn a retrospective analysis, data on trauma patients over 65 who were admitted to the hospital for the first time due to trauma between January 2017 and March 2022 was collected from a tertiary comprehensive hospital in Baotou. We calculated and analyzed the hospitalization cost components. According to various therapeutic approaches, trauma patients were divided into two subgroups: non-surgical patients (1320 cases) and surgical patients (387 cases). Quantile regression was used to evaluate the relationship between trauma patients and hospitalization costs.ResultsThis study comprised 1707 trauma patients in total. Mean total hospitalization costs per patient were ¥20,741. Patients with transportation accidents incurred the highest expenditures among those with external causes of trauma, with a mean hospitalization cost of ¥24,918, followed by patients with falls at ¥19,809 on average. Hospitalization costs were dominated by medicine costs (¥7,182 per capita). According to the quantile regression results, all trauma patients' hospitalization costs were considerably increased by length of stay, surgery, the injury severity score (16–24), multimorbidity, thorax injury, and blood transfusion. For non-surgical patients, length of stay, multimorbidity, and the injury severity score (16–24) were all substantially linked to higher hospitalization costs. For surgical patients, length of stay, injury severity score (16–24), and hip and thigh injuries were significantly associated with greater hospitalization costs.ConclusionsUsing quantile regression to identify factors associated with hospitalization costs could be helpful for addressing the burden of injury in the elderly population. Policymakers may find these findings to be insightful in lowering hospitalization costs related to injury in the elderly population.

Effects of Tourniquet Features on Application Processes.

We investigated emergency-use limb tourniquet design features effects on application processes (this paper) and times to complete those processes (companion paper). Sixty-four appliers watched training videos and then each applied all eight tourniquets: Combat Application Tourniquet Generation 7 (CAT7), SOF™ Tactical Tourniquet-Wide Generation 3 (SOFTTW3), SOF™ Tactical Tourniquet-Wide Generation 5 (SOFTTW5), Tactical Mechanical Tourniquet (TMT), OMNA Marine Tourniquet (OMT), X8T tourniquet (X8T), Tactical Ratcheting Medical Tourniquet (Tac RMT), and RapidStop™ Tourniquet (RST). Application processes were scored from videos. Thirty-three appliers had no prior tourniquet experience. All 512 applications were placed proximal to the recipient's simulated distal thigh injury. Thirty-one appliers (13 with no experience) had 66 problem-free applications (18 by no experience appliers). Tightening-system mechanical problems were more frequent with windlass rod systems (26 losing hold of the rod, 27 redoing rod turns, and 58 struggling to secure the rod) versus ratchet systems (3 tooth skips and 16 advance failures). Thirty-five appliers (21 with no experience) had 68 applications (45 by no experience appliers) with an audible Doppler pulse when stating "Done"; causes involved premature stopping (53), inadequate strap pull (1 SOFTTW3, 1 RST), strap/redirect understanding problem (1 SOFTTW5, 1 X8T, 4 Tac RMT, 1 RST), tightening-system understanding problem (2 CAT7, 1 SOFTTW3, 1 TMT, 1 RST), and physical inability to secure (1 SOFTTW3). Fifty-three appliers (32 no experience) had 109 applications (64 by no experience appliers) not correctly secured. Six involved strap/redirect understanding problems: 4 Tac RMT, 1 X8T, 1 SOFTTW5; 103 involved improper securing of non-self-securing design features: 47 CAT7 (8 strap, 45 rod), 31 TMT (17 strap, 19 rod), 22 OMT (strap), and 3 SOFTTW3 (rod). Self-securing systems have process advantages. Because most emergent tourniquet recipients require transport, we believe tourniquet security is a critical design aspect. Decisions regarding tourniquet choices may become very different when both occlusion and tourniquet security are considered.

Associations of time to return to performance following acute posterior thigh injuries with running biomechanics, hamstring function, and structure in collegiate sprinters: A prospective cohort design.

The time to return to sport from acute hamstring strain injuries is associated with several functional and structural impairments. However, not all previous studies assessed the preinjury level before acute hamstring strain injuries directly. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of the time to return to performance following acute hamstring strain injuries with deficits in running biomechanics, hamstring function and structure in collegiate sprinters by a prospective study. Using a prospective cohort design, 72 participants were recruited from a collegiate track and field team. At the preinjury assessment, a 60-m running-specific test, passive straight leg raise test and isometric knee flexion strength test were assessed at the beginning of the competitive season for three consecutive years (2017-2019). Afterwards, postinjury examinations were performed only in sprinters with acute hamstring strain injuries. Twelve sprinters strained their hamstring muscle (incidence rate of hamstring strain injuries: 16.7%); the majority (n=10) were classified as grades 0-2. The running speed deficit of the running-specific test was associated with the time to return to performance as well as the passive straight leg raise test deficit. In the running-specific test, lower-limb kinetic deficits were more strongly associated with the time to return to performance compared to lower-limb kinematic deficits. A running-specific test may be considered one of the most convenient and valid tests for assessing rehabilitation progress after acute hamstring strain injuries.

Analysis of injuries during the 2019 Rink Hockey World Championship

ABSTRACT Objectives The purpose of this study is to describe the incidence and characteristics of injuries at the 2019 Rink Hockey World Championship. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed among rink hockey athletes from three National Teams (Argentina, Portugal, and Spain). All injuries were reported by the medical staff of each National Team during the preparation period and the competition in the 2019 World Championship (Barcelona, Spain). Injury rate was calculated as the number of injuries per 1000 hours of player-hours of exposure. Results A total of 91 players (n = 61, 67% male; and n = 30, 33% female) participated in the study: 31 Senior Male (34%), 30 Senior Female (33%), and 30 Under-19 Male (33%). A total of 54 games were played by 9 teams from 3 countries, comprising of 4562 and 4380 hours of total athletic game and training exposure recorded, respectively. Fifty-one injuries (20 injuries with time-loss and 31 medical attention -injuries with no time-loss) were reported. The overall injury incidence rate was 11.2/1000 hours (95% CI, 8.5–14.7). The injury incidence during games (27.5; 95% CI, 11.6–65.2) was higher than the injury incidence during training sessions (3.4; 95% CI, 2–5.7). The incidence rate for game for the entire study period was 8.19 times higher (95% CI, 2.61–21.36) than that for training. The global injury burden was 45.4 days/1000 hours for a total exposure time. Acute was the most frequently documented onset and the non-contact was the most common mechanism. The most frequently reported injuries were head contusion (n = 5, 25%), followed by thigh injuries (n = 3, 15%). Conclusions The injury incidence reported in a Rink Hockey international competition was 11.2/1000 hours. The risk of injury was higher during games than during training. Prevention strategies for injuries in these kinds of championships may be worth discussing. The craniofacial injuries were the most frequently reported.

English

The aim of this research is to analyse the scientific production of publications produced during a decade (2010-2019) about injuries in football (soccer). A bibliographic search was done for publications featuring key terms such as football, soccer, and injuries. We searched for studies in journals that had a five-year impact factor in the Journal Citation Report in the “Sport Sciences” category. The PRISMA methodology was used. The following bibliometric indicators were analysed: number of publications by journal; country of origin; country of publication; publications per year; number of authors; authors’ native language; evidence level; type of study; sex; anatomical location and topographic location of injuries. To assess the level of evidence, the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) level of evidence classification was used, dichotomised as follows: articles with level 1 and level 2 evidence were ‘high evidence’, and articles with levels 3, 4, and 5 were ‘low evidence’. The statistical tests were performed using SPSS V. 28. A total of 222 articles published in four journals met the inclusion criteria. Production rose as the decade progressed. The highest frequency was in 2013. The British Journal of Sports Medicine (BJSM) had the highest number of publications. Sports Medicine (SM) had the most authors per article and the highest level of evidence. The United States was the main producer. There were more publications regarding injuries in males, and in males and females, compared to publications that only took females into account. More muscle, thigh, and hip injuries were described. The level of evidence was generally low. The increase in scientific production related to football (soccer) injuries during the decade reflect an elevated interest for the subject matter. Publications that prevail around this theme consider injuries in the thigh and lower extremities and in men.

Investigation And Analysis Of Injuries And Diseases Of National Teams Of Winter Events In 2018-2019 Season

PURPOSE: By summarizing and analyzing the occurrence and injuries of athletes in the national training team of the 2018-2019 winter season, to understand the main injury problems of athletes, and to provide a scientific reference for athletes' injury prevention and disease prevention. METHODS: By recording 928 injuries of winter sports (including figure skating, aerials, snowmobile sled, snowboarding, ski jumping, ski jumping, biathlon, alpine skiing, cross-country skiing, and ice hockey) in training and competitions in the 2018-2019 season, organizing, summarizing and analyzing the epidemiological results of winter events. RESULTS: 1) Gender distribution: In this season, male injuries accounted for 50.9%, and females accounted for 49.1%. Male and female athletes had similar injuries. 2) Injury parts: The vulnerable parts are the knee (25.09%), waist (15.51%), ankle (9.39%), and thigh (8.84%). Among them, the knee joint injuries are mostly knee patellar tendinitis, pes anserinus tendinitis, knee fat pad inflammation, and sprains. Lumbar injuries are mostly muscle strain, and lumbar disc herniation; ankle joint injuries are mostly sprained; thigh injuries are mostly thigh muscle strain. 3) Injury types: The most common types of injuries are muscles (40.58%), ligaments (18.3%), and tendons (13.4%). Muscle and tendon injuries are mostly concentrated around the knee joint and waist; ligament injuries are more common at the ankle and wrist joints. CONCLUSIONS: The injury probability of male and female athletes in the winter event is the same. The lower limbs are mostly in common, and muscles, tendons, and ligaments have been easily injured. Analyzing injury mechanisms in high-risk Olympic winter sports are essential to better direct injury-prevention strategies.