Shell Thickness Research Articles

Facile and versatile PDMS-glass capillary double emulsion formation device coupled with rapid purification toward microfluidic giant liposome generation

The exceptional ability of liposomes to mimic a cellular lipid membrane makes them invaluable tools in biomembrane studies and bottom-up synthetic biology. Microfluidics provides a promising toolkit for creating giant liposomes in a controlled manner. Nevertheless, challenges associated with the microfluidic formation of double emulsions, as precursors to giant liposomes, limit the full exploration of this potential. In this study, we propose a PDMS-glass capillary hybrid device as a facile and versatile tool for the formation of double emulsions which not only eliminates the need for selective surface treatment, a well-known problem with PDMS formation chips, but also provides fabrication simplicity and reusability compared to the glass-capillary formation chips. These advantages make the presented device a versatile tool for forming double emulsions with varying sizes (spanning two orders of magnitude in diameter), shell thickness, number of compartments, and choice of solvents. We achieved robust thin shell double emulsion formation by operating the hybrid chip in double dripping mode without performing hydrophilic/phobic treatment a priori. In addition, as an alternative to the conventional, time-consuming density-based separation method, a tandem separation chip is developed to deliver double emulsions free of any oil droplet contamination in a continuous and rapid manner without any need for operator handling. The applicability of the device was demonstrated by forming giant liposomes using the solvent extraction method. This easy-to-replicate, flexible, and reliable microfluidic platform for the formation and separation of double emulsion templates paves the way for the high-throughput microfluidic generation of giant liposomes and synthetic cells, opening exciting avenues for biomimetic research.The presented giant liposome assembly line features a novel treatment-free hybrid chip for double emulsion formation coupled with a high throughput separation chip for sample purification.

Morphology-controlled mesoporous core–shell carbon nanospheres decorated with Cu nanoparticles as highly efficient and reusable catalyst

Environmental pollution caused by industrial waste has recently become a serious issue. Therefore, effective pollutant removal using nanotechnology is required, in which catalysts based on precious metals, such as Pt, Ag, Au, and Pd, are widely utilized. However, the manufacturing costs of precious metal catalysts are high. In this study, copper, a promising metal for catalysis, is evaluated as an alternative to precious metal catalysts because of its low cost, high efficiency, and abundant natural reserves. However, nanoparticle agglomeration is problematic when evaluating the catalytic performance of isolated metal nanoparticles. To solve this problem and maintain a high catalytic activity of Cu, in this study, Cu was loaded on a mesoporous carbon support derived from a carbon precursor with a core–shell structure. The core–shell-structured carbon precursor was obtained by coating resorcinol-formaldehyde polymer spheres as the core with a 50 nm thick polydopamine shell with 10 nm mesopores through π–π stacking interactions. A copper precursor was used to form Cu(OH)2 on the surface of the support, and then the nanocomposite was synthesized at 500 °C for 2 h. The synthesized copper-carbon nanocomposite exhibits high catalytic activity owing to its high specific surface area, porosity, and accessible internal space. It exhibits excellent catalytic activity and stability, along with excellent reusability, in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol using NaBH4. Moreover, excellent catalytic activity, exceeding 99 %, was achieved in the reduction of another organic dye, methylene blue.

Direct Anterior Approach “No Trial Reduction Technique” in Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty for Treatment of Osteoporotic Femoral Neck Fracture: Surgical Techniques and Case Series

Bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA) for osteoporotic femoral neck fractures has a risk of proximal femoral fracture during trials, especially with larger trial bipolar shells. This study introduces a novel technique for BHA via the direct anterior approach, aiming to reduce trial use and lower the risk of iatrogenic femoral fractures. The “no trial reduction technique” involves positioning only the trial neck segment against the acetabulum's medial wall, without the bipolar shell and trial head. Fluoroscopy measures limb length differences to determine optimal femoral head and bipolar shell thickness, resulting in comparable limb lengths without early complications. [ Orthopedics . 202x;4x(x):xx–xx.]

Analytical and experimental investigation of bond behavior of confined recycled brick-concrete aggregate concrete

Recycled aggregates made of building demolition waste containing concrete and bricks are called recycled brick-concrete aggregates (RBCA). This research experimentally and analytically studies the bond behavior between rebar and RBCA concrete through tests on twenty-two four-point supported beams made of RBCA. The experimental parameters are the replacement ratio of recycled brick aggregates (RBA), concrete strength, stirrup ratio, thickness of concrete shell, diameter of rebar, and anchorage length. The test results indicated that the replacement ratio of RBA had little, if any, influence on the bond failure mode of the specimens, while the bond strength tended to increase slightly along with the replacement ratio of RBA. The normalized bond strength of the specimens with 25% and 50% RBA replacement ratio increased by 7.7% and 11.6%. As the concrete strength, stirrup ratio, and thickness of concrete shell increased, the normalized bond strength of the rebars embedded in RBCA concrete increased. On other hand, the bond strength decreased as the anchorage length increased. The rebar embedded in RBCA concrete could exhibit as good bond behavior as that in recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) concrete, and fully developed its strength. Based on the test results, a bond-slip model is proposed for the rebar embedded in RBCA concrete. The proposed model taken account of the researched parameters is of practical significance for evaluating the bond behavior of rebar embedded in RBCA concrete components under composite stress. Good agreement is observed between the measured results and the calculated ones, implying sound accuracy of the proposed model.

Methionine supplementation regulates eggshell quality and uterine transcriptome in late-stage broiler breeders

This study aimed to compare the effects of dietary methionine (Met) and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoate (HMTBA) on the eggshell quality of broiler breeder hens and elucidate the mechanism of Met in improving eggshell quality from the perspectives of eggshell microstructure and shell gland physiological function. A total of 720 WOD188 broiler breeder hens at 40 wk old were assigned to 3 groups, with 8 replicates per group and 30 birds per replicate. Over 7 weeks, birds were fed a basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 0.15% Met or 0.17% HMTBA. Our findings revealed significant improvements in the Met group for egg shape index, shell thickness, breaking strength, and fracture toughness (P < 0.05), whereas the HMTBA group showed no significant improvements (P > 0.05). Met supplementation increased calcium and phosphorus levels in both serum and shell gland tissue (P < 0.05), and enhanced Ca2+ ATPase activity in shell gland tissue (P < 0.05). Histomorphological changes included enhanced mucosal fold dimensions and increased epithelial height in the shell gland (P < 0.05). Met also improved eggshell ultrastructure, resulting in a thicker effective layer and broader mammillae with fewer type B structures (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels for genes regulating eggshell ultrastructure, such as OC-116, CALB1, and ITM2C, were significantly upregulated in the Met group (P < 0.05). Transcriptome analysis identified 248 differentially upregulated genes in the Met group, primarily linked to the non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathway, crucial for calcium ion transport and cellular proliferation. This research highlights that Met supplementation improves eggshell quality by enhancing calcium transport and cellular proliferation in uterine function, particularly through the modulation of WNT11 and CALB1, influencing calcium deposition and ultrastructural development.

A New Bivalve Species Glauconome huangheensis of the Genus Glauconome J. E. Gray, 1828 (Bivalvia, Venerida, Cyrenoidea, Glauconomidae), from Shandong, China

The family Glauconomidae has few species, limited molecular data description, and insufficient research attention. The biodiversity of Glauconomidae within China deserves further exploration. In recent years, the taxonomic status of Glauconomidae has undergone changes, and some studies have found a close relationship between Glauconomidae and the family Cyrenidae based on molecular data, suggesting that Glauconomidae should be classified under the superfamily Cyrenoidea. However, both domestic and international research has mainly focused on only four species of Glauconomidae, indicating an urgent need for more species data support. Recently, 46 specimens of Glauconomidae were collected in the Yellow River Estuary in Dongying City of Shandong Province in China. Through a comparative analysis of shell morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis of COI and 16S rRNA, two species of Glauconomidae was discovered. One is Glauconome angulata Reeve, 1844, and the other is a new species of Glauconomidae found in the Yellow River, named Glauconome huangheensis sp. nov. The G. huangheensis sp. nov. exhibits distinct differences in shell shape and shell color compared to other species of Glauconomidae, resembling G. angulata. There are also significant differences in shell color, shell sculpture, ligament size, and shell thickness. Furthermore, the molecular phylogenetic analysis based on COI and 16S rRNA genes supports the validity of G. huangheensis sp. nov. as a species. It indicates a close phylogenetic relationship with G. angulata, making them sister species. This study provides a redescription of the morphological characteristics of G. angulata and G. huangheensis sp. nov., laying the foundation for the morphological classification, biodiversity research, and conservation of Glauconomidae species.

Calcification and ecological depth preferences of the planktonic foraminifer Trilobatus trilobus in the central Atlantic.

Understanding the controls behind the calcification and distribution of planktonic foraminifera in the modern ocean is important when these organisms are used for palaeoceanographic reconstructions. This study combines previously reported shell mass data with new shell geochemistry, light microscopy and X-ray micro-computed tomography analyses to dissect various parameters of Trilobatus trilobus shells from surface sediments, investigating the factors influencing their biometry. The goal is to understand which aspects of the marine environment are critical for the calcification and vertical distribution of this species. Trilobatus trilobus is found to produce larger, thinner and overall lighter shells in equatorial regions than in subtropical gyre regions, where the shells are up to 4% smaller, more than 60% thicker and approximately 45% heavier. The skeletal mass percentage together with other calcification metrics (shell weight and thickness) are found to depend primarily on ambient seawater salinity rather than carbonate chemistry. In line with their degree of calcification, on the basis of geochemically reconstructed apparent calcification depths, this group of organisms is found shallower in the water column at the Equator and the subtropical gyres, while its habitat deepens in between these regions at the extra-equatorial sites. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that in the (central) Atlantic, it occupies a density layer slightly below the salinity maximum isopycnal at various depths, presumably by adjusting its shell properties.

Quantification of coarse aggregate constraint on mortar shrinkage in concrete under drying condition

Quantifying the constraint effect of coarse aggregates on mortar shrinkage is essential for predicting the bulk shrinkage of concrete. This study investigated the formation and evolution of tensile strain/stress shells around coarse aggregate in concrete under dry conditions by using digital image correlation and lattice fracture modelling. The average constraint shell thickness and constraint index were proposed to quantify the range and degree of coarse aggregate constraint on mortar shrinkage. The results indicated that constraint range increased as size of coarse aggregates increased, with the growth rate of 0.079. The constraint degree of coarse aggregate is positively correlated with aggregate size and mortar drying shrinkage. Notably, the formation of drying-induced micro-cracks also consumes more drying shrinkage forces, resulting in lower bulk drying shrinkage in concrete. At last, a mathematical model was developed to predict the bulk drying shrinkage of concrete based on constraint index and then validated against experimental results.

Hollow amorphous N-doped TiO2 microspheres with uniform shell thickness and high carrier separation efficiency for photocatalytic of high-concentration Cr(VI)

Due to the low quantum efficiency, pure N-doped TiO2 (NTO) is still ineffective for catalyzing high concentrations of pollutants. In this study, a novel hollow amorphous NTO photocatalyst (AH-NTO) was synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal method and applied to photocatalysis of high-concentration chromium-containing wastewater. The hollow structure was constructed using a three-dimensional Fe3O4 template, and the shell layer thickness changed regularly compared to the stirring method, suggesting that ultrasound contributes to the formation of a uniform shell. Meanwhile, the low crystallization kinetics induced by the ultrasound-assisted low-temperature hydrolysis process enhance the generation and stability of amorphous NTO. Characterization of the system demonstrated that the hollow amorphous structure improved visible-light utilization efficiency (∼70% light transmittance) and specific surface area (182.95 m2·g-1). Furthermore, the optimal photocatalyst exhibited a high photogenerated carrier signal (0.231 μA·cm-2), low interface resistance (374.8 Ω), and a strong oxygen vacancy signal (∼0.38 a.u.), which provides favorable conditions for the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers. Based on these properties, the photocatalyst effectively treated wastewater containing 0.274 g·L-1 of Cr(VI). The removal efficiency decreased by only 0.18% over five consecutive cycles, demonstrating excellent cycle stability and activity. Therefore, this work provides a practical case for treating high-concentration pollutants.

Evaluation of normal and abnormal fetal renal microvascular flow characteristics of three-dimensional MV-flow imaging

ObjectiveTo evaluate the applicability of three-dimensional MV-Flow imaging for prenatal renal diagnosis. MethodThis prospective study included normal and abnormal kidneys ranging from 20 to 40 weeks gestation between April and July 2023. All participants underwent conventional ultrasound and three-dimensional MV-Flow examinations. The renal volume and microvascular indexes were obtained by the three-dimensional MV-Flow. ResultsA total of 207 normal kidneys from 154 fetuses and 67 abnormal kidneys from 53 fetuses, with conditions such as renal cystic diseases, hyperechoic kidney, large kidney, and small kidney were included. Normal renal volume, vascularization index, and vascularization-flow index increased slightly with gestational age (p < 0.001). No correlation was found between gestational age and flow index (p = 0.604). The microvascular indexes decreased in the fetal renal cystic disease group while renal volume increased. Higher vascularization index and vascularization-flow index were observed in the hyperechoic kidney group. The microvascular indexes of the large and small kidney groups were within the reference range for normal kidneys. Only the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease exhibited an absence of distinct subcapsular microvascular flow in the MV-Flow image, referred to as the “thick shell sign”. ConclusionFetal renal volume, vascularization index, and vascularization-flow index increase with gestational age. Quantitative evaluation using 3D MV-Flow imaging reveals varying renal volume and microvascular perfusion characteristics among different fetal renal abnormalities.

Effect of Stucco Size, Shell Thickness, and Pre-Heating Temperature on Shell Permeability in Investment Casting

Effect of Stucco Size, Shell Thickness, and Pre-Heating Temperature on Shell Permeability in Investment Casting

Water-soluble CsPbBr3@SiO2 nanocomposite: Enhancing stability in aqueous environments

CsPbBr3 all-inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals have significant applications due to their unique photoluminescence properties. However, their poor stability and easy decomposition in water significantly limit their practical applications. Encapsulating cesium lead halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) within a stable shell has been proven to be an effective strategy for enhancing their stability. However, traditional methods of coating PQDs via direct hydrolysis of silicon source often result in particle aggregation or alterations in the original morphology and optical properties of the PQDs. In this study, we employed maleic anhydride to trigger the transformation of Cs4PbBr6 into CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs). Simultaneously, maleic anhydride reacts with surface oleylamine (OAm) ligands to form maleic acid, which replaces the conventional oleic acid (OA) and oleylamine as ligands and surfactants. A uniform CsPbBr3@SiO2 nanocomposite was obtained, with a core size of approximately 9 nm and a shell thickness of about 15 nm. The absorption peak was located at 520 nm, with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of around 25 nm. After one hour of dispersion in water, the water-soluble CsPbBr3@SiO2 nanocomposite maintained a high level of luminescence, with a photoluminescence (PL) loss of only 30.1 %. This approach enhances the affinity between PQDs and SiO2, improving the encapsulation efficiency of individual nanocrystals. This method not only prevents excessive hydrolysis and particle aggregation but also significantly enhances the water stability of CsPbBr3.

Au@TiO2 Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Nanometer-Controlled Shell Thickness for Balancing Stability and Field Enhancement in Plasmon-Enhanced Photocatalysis.

Plasmonic core-shell nanostructures can make photocatalysis more efficient for several reasons. The shell imparts stability to the nanoparticles, light absorption is expanded, and electron-hole pairs can be separated more effectively, thus reducing recombination losses. The synthesis of metal@TiO2 core-shell nanoparticles with nanometer control over the shell thickness and understanding its effect on the resulting photocatalytic efficiency still remains challenging. In the present study, a synthesis method is presented for preparing Au@TiO2 core-shell nanoparticles with ultrathin shells that can be accurately tuned in the range of 2-12 nm, based on the controlled slow hydrolysis of a titanium precursor. Electromagnetic simulations combined with comprehensive characterization of the opto-physical bulk properties, as well as energy electron loss spectroscopy and electron tomography reconstructions at the nanoscale, aid in understanding the crucial role of the shell in improving both the activity as well as the stability in a photocatalytic reaction. Ultrathin shells in the order of 2 nm do not suffice to prevent sintering of the nanoparticles upon annealing, with a consequent loss of plasmonic properties. After reaching an optimum for a shell of 4 nm, further increasing the shell thickness again reduces the plasmonic properties by a weakened plasmonic coupling. This trend is confirmed by photocatalytic hydrogen evolution experiments, as well as stearic acid degradation tests. With this study, we prove and emphasize the crucial importance of carefully controlling the shell thickness in plasmonic core-shell structures, so their maximum application potential may be unlocked.

Optimization of Al2O3 shell thickness on SnO2 nanowires for realization of sensitive and selective H2 sensing

Detection of highly explosive H2 gas is a critical safety issue. Herein, using a vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism, SnO2 nanowires (NWs) were prepared, after which Al2O3 shells (1.9, 3.3, 4.5, and 6.1 nm) were deposited on synthesized SnO2 NWs by atomic layer deposition. Based on characterization studies, C-S NW structures with a crystalline SnO2 core and amorphous Al2O3 shell were successfully formed. Based on H2 gas sensing measurement, SnO2-Al2O3 (4.5 nm) C-S NWs exhibited a high response of 152.54 to H2 (10 ppm) at 350°C. Furthermore, they showed excellent selectivity, where response to H2 gas (10 ppm) was more than 33 times higher than that to NO2 gas (10 ppm). Additionally, they displayed excellent repeatability as well as long-term stability in detection of low-concentration H2 gas. The improved H2 sensing capability was related to the high base resistance, the formation of the SnO2-Al2O3 heterojunction, the optimization of the Al2O3 shell thickness on SnO2 NWs, and the partial reduction of SnO2 and Al2O3 in an H2 gas atmosphere. This study sheds light on the development of H2 sensors based on present material.

Exploring the potential of black soldier fly live larvae as a sustainable protein source for laying hens: A comprehensive study on egg quality

Live insect larvae were recently proposed for use in laying hens in intensive chicken farming as an innovative form of environmental enrichment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of laying hen age and feeding with live Black Soldier Fly larvae (BSFL) on egg quality attributes, i.e., chemical composition, fatty acid (FA) profile, and metabolic profile using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. To this aim, 108 Lohman Brown hens were housed in 27 cages (9 replicates per treatment, 4 birds per pen) and monitored between 16 and 34 weeks of age. The hens were split into three experimental groups: a control group fed a commercial diet, and two experimental groups fed the same commercial diet plus 15% or 30% of live BSFL, as fed basis on the expected daily feed intake (DFI). The experimental treatments did not affect the egg and eggshell quality attributes. The supplementation with live BSFL did not influence the chemical composition in terms of macronutrients or the main NMR profiles of egg yolk and albumen. The FA profile of the egg yolk significantly changed as the eggs from hens fed BSFL presented higher rates of SFA and PUFA (P<0.05), lower rate of MUFA (P<0.001), and higher rates of C18:2n 6 (P<0.05) and C18:3 n3 compared to the control eggs (P<0.001). There were no significant differences in the ratio of n-6 to n-3 PUFA. The age of the hens strongly affected egg quality traits (P<0.001), mainly the egg weight, shell weight, shell thickness, eggshell-breaking strength, and eggshell redness (a*) and yellowness (b*), besides the metabolic profile of both egg yolk and albumen. Considering the interaction diet * age of hens, only a few significant effects occurred on egg quality attributes and FA profile. In conclusion, a supplementation with live BSFL up to 30% of DFI may be safely used in laying hen feeding without impairing egg quality.

Reduction in Heavy Rare Earth Diffusion Sources in Sintered Nd-Fe-B Magnets via Grain Boundary Diffusion of Dy70Ce70−xCu30

This study investigates the effect of Ce on the diffusion behavior of Dy-Cu alloys. The addition of Ce reduces the diffusion source melting point and promotes the formation of low-melting alloy phases, benefiting the diffusion behavior. The diffusion source with 10 wt.% of Ce shows the best magnetic performance, the coercivity of the magnet increases from 18.47 kOe to 23.60 kOe, and the incremental coercivity reaches 5.13 kOe. Ce diffusion improves the utilization of Dy, enhances diffusion uniformity, and promotes coercivity improvement. Ce also optimizes and regulates grain boundary phase structure distribution, consistent with magnetic property changes. Dy70Cu30 with an excessive thick shell layer wastes Dy and reduces utilization, while Dy60Ce10Cu30 has a relatively thin and uniform shell layer. Ce mainly distributes in the intergranular phase region, promoting Dy diffusion from the intergranular phase to form a shell layer. Excessive Ce can distort the magnet’s crystal structure, hindering magnetic property improvement. This study provides insights into optimizing the diffusion process and improving the Dy-Cu alloy.

High-Performance Giant InP Quantum Dots with Stress-Released Morphological ZnSe-ZnSeS-ZnS Shell.

Indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots (QDs) are increasingly considered potent alternatives to traditional cadmium-based QDs. Notwithstanding, the material stability of InP, especially when juxtaposed with its cadmium-based counterparts, poses significant challenges in its application. Generally, a thick ZnS shell is applied to InP cores to thwart photo-oxidation and diminish nonradiative recombination. Yet, the pronounced lattice mismatch between the InP core and the ZnS shell can introduce lattice defects, consequently attenuating the luminescence efficiency. This makes the cultivation of a flawless thick shell a paramount challenge. In the present research, a synthetic methodology is elucidated to fabricate highly efficient InP QDs with dimensions exceeding 20nm, achieved by alleviating the lattice mismatch strain during the shell growth. By regulating the shell composition and morphology, InP/ZnSe/ZnSeS/ZnS QDs with shield-like morphology are prepared and demonstrate a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of ≈90%, exhibiting significantly enhanced photostability and thermal stability. This discovery is expected to greatly advance the preparation of highly efficient InP-based or other QDs, expanding their potential in various applications such as environmentally friendly displays and energy-saving lighting.

Encapsulation and controlled release of Streptomyces sp. herbicidal metabolites for pre-plant weed germination control

ABSTRACT Streptomyces sp. herbicidal metabolite encapsulation with controlled release properties is considered an innovative method for weed control without negatively affecting the environment. This research reports the preparation and application of new herbicidal metabolites-core/alginate-shell encapsulation systems with controlled release properties of Streptomyces sp. metabolites with pre-plant herbicidal activity for the control of weeds, Lolium perenne, Amaranthus retroflexus and Bidens pilosa showing good germination inhibition capacity. The production of Streptomyces sp. metabolites was performed by the liquid fermentation method. Three alginate polymer-coated Streptomyces sp. herbicidal metabolites-controlled release systems with an encapsulation efficiency of > 94%, were successfully prepared using the dripping extrusion method. Well-defined and compact release systems were obtained with a spherical shape and average diameters of 4.4-4.5 mm and an alginate shell thickness in the order of 400 µm with different pore sizes (26-5 µm). An increase in the alginate concentration of 0.75-2.0% (w/v) during the preparation resulted in a decrease in the shells' porosity size and a decrease in the release of the Streptomyces sp. herbicidal metabolites. The release activity of the herbicidal metabolites was evaluated by UV-Vis optical absorption spectroscopy. The statistical results showed that porous shell release systems with a lower release rate over time have a higher potential for the inhibition of germination in > 91% of weeds than the direct herbicidal metabolite application and the control group (P < 0.05). These results indicate that Streptomyces sp. herbicidal metabolites-controlled release systems represent a potentially sustainable alternative for pre-plant weed management.

Improvement of the magnetization and heating ability of CoFe2O4/NiFe2O4 core/shell nanostructures

Abstract In this study, the effect of the shell thickness on the structural and magnetic properties of the CoFe2O4/NiFe2O4 core/shell is studied. A single-phase core/shell nanocomposite was prepared by the hydrothermal method. The shell thickness was found to control the magnitudes of saturation magnetization and coercive field of the prepared samples. The thickness of the NiFe2O4, which covered cubic CoFe2O4 particles of 15 nm, was 1.8 nm, leading to an increase in the saturation magnetization by 26% and a decrease in the coercive field by 50% compared to bare CoFe2O4. However, a further increase in shell thickness caused interfacial dislocations due to the lattice mismatch between the core and the shell. Finally, the heating ability at high frequency was measured for all samples. Comparing the temperature rise under the influence of AC magnetic field, which indicates power loss, relative to bare CoFe2O4, it was enhanced by 100% for a shell thickness of 26 nm. The results of this study point to potential applications for these samples in the field of magnetic hyperthermia for cancer therapy and drug delivery.&amp;#xD;

Core Double-Shell FeCo@SiO2@PPy Nanocomposites for Tunable and Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

Electromagnetic wave absorption materials are essential for dealing with military stealth and electromagnetic pollution. However, challenges remain in regards to material stability and achieving broadband absorption. Constructing magnetic-dielectric core-shell structural composites with good morphology is one of the effective strategies to realize high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption. Herein, FeCo@SiO2@polypyrrole (PPy) core double-shell nanocomposite with uniform shell thicknesses is synthesized by environmentally friendly polyol method, sol-gel method and in-situ oxidative polymerization method. FeCo@SiO2@PPy nanocomposites with different PPy shell thicknesses were synthesized, and tunable electromagnetic wave absorption had been achieved. The reasonable combination of magnetic and dielectric components and the design of core double-shell structure optimized impedance matching and attenuation characteristics, resulting in strong and broadband electromagnetic wave absorption (minimum reflection loss: -62.7 dB, effective absorption bandwidth: 7.0 GHz). This work could initiate a new insight into the design and modulation of advanced electromagnetic wave absorption materials with strong and broadband absorption properties.