Thick Client Research Articles

A novel architecture of Web-GIS for mapping and analysis of echinococcosis in Poland

Echinococcosis is an infectious disease transferred through ingestion of food or water which has been contaminated with eggs of the Echinococcus tapeworm, which are spread by intermediate parasite hosts. Because the latter are primarily territorial, research related to diagnosis and prevention of echinococcosis requires investigation of environmental factors, which can be supported with the use of a Geographical Information System (GIS). In particular, since this type of research is usually performed by a team of medical researchers working individually with many patients, it can greatly benefit from the use of a Web-GIS, which provides remote access to data integration, storage and analysis tools. However, most existing Web-GIS solutions dedicated for disease mapping either exhibit limited functionality and interactivity (often due to the use of a thin-client approach) or are tied to a particular technological platform through a thick client based on a browser plugin. Moreover, few of the existing solutions provide user-friendly tools for data input, and none is directly integrated into the workflow of clinicians. This paper proposes a novel system architecture for Web-GIS dedicated to disease mapping, which attempts to optimize the use of client and server hardware resources while providing the user with a variety of analytic functionalities. The proposed architecture has been implemented in the form of a system for remote mapping and analysis of echinococcosis cases in Poland, which has been designed in cooperation with a major Polish hospital centre.

Dynamic Content Enabled Microservice for Business Applications in Distributed Cloudlet Cloud Network

This study introduces Mob-Cloud, a mobility aware adaptiveoffloading system that incorporates a mobile device as a thick client, ad-hoc networking, cloudlet DC, and remote cloud to improve the performance and availability of microservices services. These cloudlet cloud has emerged as a popular model for bringingthe benefits of cloud computing to the proximity of mobile devices. the microservices preliminary goal is to improve service availability as well as performance and mobility features. The impact of dynamic changes in mobile content (e.g., network status, bandwidth, latency, and location) on the task offloading model is observed by proposing a mobility aware adaptive task offloading algorithm aware microservices, which makes a task offloading decision at runtime on selecting optimal wireless network channels and suitable offloading resources. The decision problem, which is well-known as an NP-hard issue, is the subject of this work. However, for the entire proposed microservices system has the following phases: I adaptive offloading decision based on real-time information, (ii) workflow task scheduling phase, (iii) mobility model phase to motivate end-users to invoke cloud services seamlessly while roaming, and (iv) faulttolerant phase to deal with failure (either network or node). We conduct real-world experiments on the built instruments to assess the online algorithm's overall performance. Compared to baseline task offloading solutions, the evaluation findings show that online algorithm incorporates dynamic adjustments on offloading decision during run-timeand achieves a massive reduction in overall response time with better service availability.

Model Approach to Analytically Identify Stuck Pipe and Its Mechanism in Wellbore

Stuck pipe incidents translate to non-productive time. There is a need to mitigate stuck pipe incidents which can be achieved by conforming to recommended practices. Also, quick diagnosis is necessary in order to free a stuck pipe. Trial-and-error method can further complicate the situation. This work aims at diagnosing stuck pipe mechanisms and recommend practices to free a stuck pipe. spANALYZE also estimates the axial force and torque needed to free a stuck pipe caused by differential sticking. spANALYZE is a thick desktop client application developed in C# using the Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 development environment. It is an object-oriented .NET application that utilizes the Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) architecture for its user interface. Each of the analyzers within spANALYZE were implemented generically as a list of nodes, representing the concept of a flow chart. New analyzers can easily be added simply by programmatically defining each node in the flow chart. Each node has a node identifier, a node type, node text, and the node identifiers of each answer – yes, no and restricted. spANALYZE presents the following benefits: quick and early detection of stuck pipe mechanisms, propose recommended action steps to free pipe, calculate stuck pipe depth, compute the torque and axial force needed to free a stuck string.

Client-server technologies at the enterprises of Industry 4.0

The task is to project the distributed architecture of calculation net for a digital and smart factory of Industry 4.0. The calculation net architecture defines the calculation resources components and their interaction to organize designer project activity or to manufacture a set of items in a serial plant. You may use in Industry 4.0 factory calculation net architecture client and server technologies. All factory technological equipment is classified by the type of the operation being completed: thin client, thick client, universal client and server equipment. Thin client of cyber and physical production is the simplest communication device with installed software which functions as a terminal and being used by the operator. Thick client of cyber and physical production is a complete production machine (test equipment) which is capable to work automatically by the programed algorithm. Universal client of cyber and physical production combines the properties of thin and thick clients. A cyber and physical system is a universal client example of the smart factory calculation net. Digital factory net thin client is a communication device with software which is used to control the modes of digital models virtual tests. Digital factory net thick client is a work station to conduct digital models virtual tests with your own calculation resources. Digital factory net universal client is a PC which is a part of the designer automatic work place and which is used to develop and create construction, program and technological documentation and also item digital models. Server equipment is a terminal server, data server and application server to exchange the information in multi-level hierarchy calculation net. Some schemes of digital and smart factories calculation net architecture are given.

A Critical Analysis of Features and Security Issues in Cloud Computing

A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service‟s provider. Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g. mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs). The provider‟s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand. There is a sense of location independence in that the customer generally has no control or knowledge over the exact location of the provided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher level of abstraction (e.g. country, state, or data centre). Examples of resources include storage, processing, memory, network bandwidth, and virtual machines. This paper entails the features and issues in cloud computing.

Analysis of server-side and client-side Web-GIS data processing methods on the example of JTS and JSTS using open data from OSM and geoportal

The last decade has seen a rapid evolution of processing, analysis and visualization of freely available geographic data using Open Source Web-GIS. In the beginning, Web-based Geographic Information Systems employed a thick-client approach which required installation of platform-specific browser plugins. Later on, research focus shifted to platform-independent thin client solutions in which data processing and analysis was performed by the server machine. More recently, however, the rapid development of computer hardware as well as software technologies such has HTML5 has enabled the creation of platform-independent thick clients which offer advanced GIS functionalities such as geoprocessing. This article aims to analyse the current state of Open Source technologies and publicly available geographic data sources in the context of creating cost-effective Web-GIS applications for integration and processing of spatial data. For this purpose the article discusses the availability and potential of Web-GIS architectures, software libraries and data sources. The analysis of freely available data sources includes a discussion of the quality and accuracy of crowd-sourced as well as public sector data, while the investigation of software libraries and architectures involves a comparison of server-side and client-side data processing performance under a set of real-world scenarios. The article concludes with a discussion of the choice of cost-effective Web-GIS architectures, software libraries and data sources in the context of the institution and environment of system deployment.

Mobility and Fault Aware Adaptive Task Offloading in Heterogeneous Mobile Cloud Environments

Nowadays, Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) has become a predominant prototype for fetching the benefits of cloud computing to mobile devices’ propinquity. Service availability in addition to performance enhancement and mobility features is a preliminary goal in MCC. This paper proposes a mobility aware adaptive offloading framework, known as Mob-Cloud, which includes a mobile device as a thick client, ad-hoc networking, cloudlet DC, and remote cloud services, to augment the performance and availability of the MCC services. However, the impact of dynamic changes in a mobile content (e.g., network status, bandwidth, latency, and location) for the task offloading model observes through proposing a mobility aware adaptive task offloading algorithm (MATOA), which makes a task offloading decision at runtime on selecting optimal wireless network channels and suitable resources for offloading. In this paper, we are formulating the decision problem, and it is well-known as an NP-hard problem. Nonetheless, MATOA has the following phases for the entire Mob-Cloud model: (i) adaptive offloading decision based on real-time information, (ii) workflow task scheduling phase, (iii) mobility model phase to motivate end-user invoke cloud services seamlessly while roaming, and (iv) faulttolerant phase to deal with failure (either network or node). We carry out actual real-life experiments at the implemented instruments to evaluate the overall performance of the MATOA algorithm. Evaluation results prove that MATOA adopts dynamic changes on offloading decision during run-time, and meet an enormous reduction in the total response time with the improved service availability whilst in comparison with the baseline task offloading strategies.

Energy-Aware Mobile Edge Computing and Routing for Low-Latency Visual Data Processing

New paradigms such as Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) are becoming feasible for use in, e.g., real-time decision-making during disaster incident response to handle the data deluge occurring in the network edge. However, MEC deployments today lack flexible IoT device data handling such as handling user preferences for real-time versus energy-efficient processing. Moreover, MEC can also benefit from a policy-based edge routing to handle sustained performance levels with efficient energy consumption. In this paper, we study the potential of MEC to address application issues related to energy management on constrained IoT devices with limited power sources, while also providing low-latency processing of visual data being generated at high resolutions. Using a facial recognition application that is important in disaster incident response scenarios, we propose a novel “offload decision-making” algorithm that analyzes the tradeoffs in computing policies to offload visual data processing (i.e., to an edge cloud or a core cloud) at low-to-high workloads. This algorithm also analyzes the impact on energy consumption in the decision-making under different visual data consumption requirements (i.e., users with thick clients or thin clients). To address the processing-throughput versus energy-efficiency tradeoffs, we propose a “Sustainable Policy-based Intelligence-Driven Edge Routing” algorithm that uses machine learning within Mobile Ad hoc Networks. This algorithm is energy aware and improves the geographic routing baseline performance (i.e., minimizes impact of local minima) for throughput performance sustainability, while also enabling flexible policy specification. We evaluate our proposed algorithms by conducting experiments on a realistic edge and core cloud testbed in the GENI Cloud infrastructure, and recreate disaster scenes of tornado damages within simulations. Our empirical results show how MEC can provide flexibility to users who desire energy conservation over low latency or vice versa in the visual data processing with a facial recognition application. In addition, our simulation results show that our routing approach outperforms existing solutions under diverse user preferences, node mobility, and severe node failure conditions.

Ascenso de la casa de los Queipo: de la hidalguía al condado de Toreno

La casa de los Queipo fue una de las más representativas del concejo de Cangas de Tineo, en el sur-occidente asturiano. El poder que ejerció, directo o delegado, a través de tupidas redes clientelares, fue continuo durante la modernidad. Este artículo analiza las principales estrategias utilizadas para la obtención y conservación de su preeminencia social, económica y política en la comarca. La relevancia socio-económica trascenderá al poder ejercido en diversas instituciones: la municipal y la regional, así como en la administración de la Monarquía a través de los servicios al Rey.

Development of High Precision Differential GPS System in Kazakhstan

Objectives: This article describes design and classification of a variety of states and events that form the basis for information model of the local system of differential correction in the post-processing mode. Methods: The article introduces computational methods of differential correction that employ measurements from single-frequency GPS receivers. Experimental results confirmed estimation accuracy of the methods in post-processing mode, which proved that the developed differential GPS system demonstrated appropriate performance when compared with the existing analogous systems in the world. Findings: The research reveals a set of states and events fundamental for developing an LSDC information model in post-processing mode. A GPS-based system of differential correction is one of the main alternatives in solving problems of high-precision satellite navigation. In future, this system under development will be able to operate in real time and post-processing modes, static and dynamic modes, as well in the mode of a thick client (rover coordinates are computed using the mobile station) and a thin client (rover coordinates are computed using the base station). The composition and structure of the model in post-processing mode are examined. As a result of this research, a systematic project of the LSDC GPS was developed. These designs were made using Unified Modeling Language (UML), which represents functional requirements and appropriate system diagrams of mathematical provision, LSDC hardware and software. High accuracy and precision of the developed system are verified by experimental results shown in the paper. Applications/Improvements: The GPS system should be developed further to be able to cover other modes of operation.

A New Technique for Optimizing Resource Allocation and Data Distribution in Mobile Cloud Computing

The emergence of mobile cloud computing (MCC) brings benefits to mobile users and cloud providers. However, due to the inherent limitations of the device such as battery life time, CPU and memory capacity, a mobile thin client device ( e.g. smart phones, tablets, iWatch, Google Glass, etc ) cannot meet the requirements of some demanding applications. To alleviate this limitation, the mobile device should cooperate with external resources to increase its performance. Recently, current research approaches have been unable to offer an efficient, seamless computing experience. In this paper, we present a comprehensive thin-thick client collaboration that involves conventional desktop or laptop computers, known as thick clients, by allowing the thin client to borrow resources from thick clients, particularly for optimizing data distribution and utilizing MCC resources to meet Service-Level Agreements, Quality-of-Service requirements and cloud service customers’ budget. Our work uses both numerical analysis and simulation to prove that our proposed architecture can improve resource allocation efficiency and achieve better performance than other existing approaches in some cases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.22.1.14113

Using the Sorascs Prototype Web Portal

Abstract : This document describes how to use the example portal distributed with SORASCS. The portal is meant as an example of how users may interact with services. It covers three things: 1) Navigating the portal; 2) Registering and managing services; and 3) Using the SORASCS Thick Client interface.

A Generalized Distributed Delegate Object Model for E-com and M-com Applications

There is a growing trend toward the usage of mobile computing for several applications, and it is important that the mobile systems are given adequate support at both system level and communication level. The main aim of the proposed distributed delegate object model is to reduce the round trip time (RTT) of huge number of transaction request in E-Com and M-Com applications. Delegate object is a shared object which acts as a place holder for all valuable mobile business information and updates business-related information to the customer automatically. In conventional model, all transaction requests are forwarded to the server directly, whereas in the proposed model, all the transaction requests are handled by delegate object itself which acts as a middleware component thereby reducing the RTT. The proposed model is simulated and tested in thin client and thick client test bed. The result shows improvement in RTT for both thin client and thick client environments.

An Adaptive Procedure for Task Scheduling Optimization in Mobile Cloud Computing

Nowadays, mobile cloud computing (MCC) has emerged as a new paradigm which enables offloading computation-intensive, resource-consuming tasks up to a powerful computing platform in cloud, leaving only simple jobs to the capacity-limited thin client devices such as smartphones, tablets, Apple’s iWatch, and Google Glass. However, it still faces many challenges due to inherent problems of thin clients, especially the slow processing and low network connectivity. So far, a number of research studies have been carried out, trying to eliminate these problems, yet few have been found efficient. In this paper, we present an enhanced architecture, taking advantage of collaboration of thin clients and conventional desktop or laptop computers, known as thick clients, particularly aiming at improving cloud access. Additionally, we introduce an innovative genetic approach for task scheduling such that the processing time is minimized, while considering network contention and cloud cost. Our simulation shows that the proposed approach is more cost-effective and achieves better performance compared with others.

Mark Online, a Full Scale GIS-based Danish Farm Management Information System

With its oceanic climate with moderate summers and mild winters in combination with a highly organized infrastructure, farming has traditionally been very intensive in Denmark. The cultivated land constitutes 26,000 km² out of a total of 43,000 km². Most of the arable land is used for intensive plant production with a high level of mechanization and management practices. For more than three decades The Knowledge Centre for Agriculture (KCA) has developed and implemented ICT Farm Management Information Systems (FMIS) for planning and documentation of all aspects of crop production. Today, updated field specific information on field size, soil type, crops, varieties, soil tillage, sowing, fertilization, pesticide usage etc. is now hosted in the GIS-based FMIS, Mark Online covering more than 80% of the arable land. A centralized Microsoft SQL data base forms the core base for all the information. Based on a MS .NET framework a number of multi-tier client-server applications have been developed. Most of the desk top applications consist of relative thick clients based on Win forms, whereas HTML5 apps and Android/IOS native apps are used for the mobile platform. Data exchange between the clients and server are based on a web service layer using data compression to improve performance. Farmers are one of the two primary target groups. Local agricultural advisors working on behalf of farmers not having their own software is the other primary target group. Nonetheless, both groups are mainly focusing on field record planning, decision making and documentation. Data is transferred between the Mark Online system and the authorities by XML-based web services or ordinary file upload to official websites. The Open Geospatial Consortium’s Web Feature Service (WFS) provides another interface allowing requests for geospatial features, which is used between Mark Online and external GIS.

Recipes 2.0: building for today and tomorrow

SummaryThe history of science gateway development has, in many ways, been a story of the ‘Haves’ vs. the ‘Have‐nots’. Large infrastructure projects led the way, building thick client portals to provide coherent interfaces to an incoherent environment. Contrast this with the way the modern Web is designed using light, front end components, and outsourcing much of the heavy lifting to a mash‐up of REST application programming interfaces, and it is easy to see why modern web applications can be prototyped and refined into stable products in the time it previously took thick client portals to do an initial release. This paper argues that a ‘build for today’ philosophy can lead to the rapid development of science gateways to serve the ‘Have‐nots’. With this philosophy in mind, we are presenting Gateway DNA, a set of responsive front end components built on top of the iPlant Agave application programming interfaces. This toolkit provides the boilerplate for rapid development of lightweight science gateways using only HTML, JavaScript, and CSS. Using Gateway DNA, developers can easily stand up new gateways or quickly add new functionality to existing ones. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A Novel Approach for Optimal Multimedia Data Distribution in Mobile Cloud Computing

With the integration of mobile computing and cloud computing, more diverse services can be provided to the users, supporting the mobility feature of mobile computing along with the power of cloud computing. This new paradigm still faces challenges, especially in terms of performance. When it comes to multimedia data communication, thin clients (such as smart phones and tablets) suffer because of performance and power constraints. Previously done studies have trivially addressed this problem. Therefore, in our paper, we present a framework in which thick clients (laptop or desktop computers) are incorporated into mobile cloud paradigm with attention paid to user mobility. Its objective is to optimize the distribution of multimedia content between the cloud and the thin clients. Our work comes up with both numerical analysis and simulation to justify the validity and the effectiveness of the proposal approach.

Optimal collaboration of thin–thick clients and resource allocation in cloud computing

Cloud computing (CC) has recently become a rising paradigm in the information and communications technology industry, drawing a lot of attentions to professionals and researchers. During the last d...

Optimizing Storage Performance for VM-Based Mobile Computing

This article investigates the transient use of free local storage for improving performance in VM-based mobile computing systems implemented as thick clients on host PCs. We use the term TransientPC systems to refer to these types of systems. The solution we propose, called TransPart , uses the higher-performing local storage of host hardware to speed up performance-critical operations. Our solution constructs a virtual storage device on demand (which we call transient storage ) by borrowing free disk blocks from the host’s storage. In this article, we present the design, implementation, and evaluation of a TransPart prototype, which requires no modifications to the software or hardware of a host computer. Experimental results confirm that TransPart offers low overhead and startup cost, while improving user experience.

Heterogeneous 멀티 코어 환경의 Thick Client에서 VDI 성능 최적화를 위한 혼합 병렬 처리 기법 연구

Recently, the requirement of processing High Definition (HD) video or 3D application on low, mobile devices has been expanded and content data has been increased as well. It is becoming a major issue in Cloud computing where a Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) Service needs efficient data processing ability to provide Quality of Experience (QoE) in Cloud computing. In this paper, we propose three kind of Thick-Thin VDI Service which can share and delegate VDI service based on Thick Client using CPU and GPU. Furthermore, we propose and discuss the VDI Service Optimization Method in mixed CPU and GPU Heterogeneous Environment using CPU Parallel Processing OpenMP and GPU Parallel Processing CUDA.