Thick Band Research Articles

Novel Histologic Finding: Adipose Tissue Is Prevalent Within Penile Tunica Albuginea and Corpora Cavernosa

Adipose tissue, along with arteries, veins, and peripheral nerves, is a normal constituent of mesenchymal tissues encasing the corpora cavernosa at the level of the penile shaft, variously designated as penile fascia or Bucks fascia. To our knowledge, the presence of fat has not been previously reported within the corpora cavernosa. One or 2 transversal histologic sections at the level of the surgical margin at the shaft of 63 consecutive partial penectomy specimens for squamous cell carcinoma were evaluated. From outer to inner tissues, 3 anatomic levels were identified: (1) outer fascia composed of a loose fibrovascular mesenchyme containing some nerve branches. Adipose tissue was present in the majority of the cases. (2) The tunica albuginea, a thick and dense fibroelastic band of tissue separating the outer fascia from the erectile tissues of the corpora cavernosa. Adipose tissue within the albuginea was present in 21 specimens (19%). (3) Erectile tissues of corpora cavernosa. Besides the typical erectile tissues, adipose tissue was present in 33 cases (52%). The fatty tissue was focal or multifocal and scant and peripherally located at the junction of the tunica albuginea with the corpora. In some cases, it was associated with small amounts of fibrous tissue, small vessels, and nerves. We are reporting the presence of adipose tissue in the tunica albuginea and the corpora cavernosa. It is possible that adipose tissue, along with small nutritional vessels and nerves perforates from the fascia, in which fat is usually present, through the tunica albuginea to reach the corpora. In a previous examination of the local routes of cancer spread, we found this pathway to be one of the mechanisms of cancer invading the penile corpora from the penile fascia.

Characterization of a Putative S-layer Protein of a Colonial Microcystis Strain.

Cell surface structure plays a key role in Microcystis colony formation. The S-layer is a crystalline array of monomolecular proteins that constitute the outermost component of the cyanobacterial cell envelope. To date, no biochemical characterization of the S-layer protein in Microcystis has been reported. Here, we compared S-layer on the cell wall of the unicellular strain Microcystis aeruginosa PCC7806 with the colonial strain M. aeruginosa XW01. We observed crystalline S-layers in XW01 cell walls; however, similar structures were not observed in PCC7806. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis revealed a thick putative S-layer protein band with an apparent molecular weight of 70kDa extracted from XW01 cells, as well as an S-layer peptide fragment with the sequence ETYPLLAAPGAATDATR, similar to the translated product from PCC7806 unknown gene CAO89090.1. The amino acid composition of the translated CAO89090.1 product shared biochemical characteristics with those of bacterial S-layer proteins. Furthermore, a 1002-bp DNA fragment amplified from XW01 displayed 95% similarity with the CAO89090.1 gene, while the S-layer gene expression in XW01 was 36-fold higher than that observed in PCC7806. These data suggested that the S-layer protein plays a key role in Microcystis colony formation due to its significant contribution to cell surface hydrophobicity.

Ultrasonographic motion analysis of lower eyelid compartments in patients with chronic thyroid associated ophthalmopathy

PurposeTo present the qualitative and quantitative ultrasonographic findings of lower eyelid compartments in patients with chronic thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) compared to normal subjects. MethodsIn a prospective study, dynamic and static ultrasonographic investigation, applying high resolution (15 MHz) ultrasound was performed to assess the lower eyelid, in 15 TAO patients that were in chronic phase and 10 normal subjects. The thickness and echogenisity of dermis, orbicular oculi muscle, lower eyelid retractor muscle, lower eyelid fat pads, and their qualitative relationships during vertical excursion of the globe were evaluated in static and dynamic investigation. Correlation of ultrasonic and clinical findings was evaluated. ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 41.82 ± 7.4 years, and the controls were age-matched (mean age, 42.8 ± 5.6 years). Mean proptosis of the involved eyes was 3.3 mm, and mean lower lid retraction was 2.4 mm in chronic TAO group. Pattern of fat motion was blocky in chronic TAO patients compared to normal jelly motion of the fat in normal cases. In analyzing the range of motion, the difference was significant in the motion of both superficial and deep fat pockets between the two groups (P < 0.001). Limitation of fat motion correlated both with proptosis and lower eyelid retraction (Pearson correlation coefficient = −0.77 vs −0.43, P < 0.001). Fibrotic changes of lower lid fat pads appear in the tissue around the septum on observation. Considering the ultrasound findings, a new staging method is proposed in this study that starts with the appearance of echodense points, getting worse in fine bands, progresses to thick bands and ends in cord formation in the lower lid fat pocket that determines total fibrosis. ConclusionDevelopment of a series of static and dynamic changes in ultrasound is related to the clinical findings in chronic phase of TAO. The limitation of motion and fibrotic changes of lower eyelid fat pads were more detectable in cases with a more severe proptosis and lower lid retraction. It is considered that ultrasound findings can be a representative of the severity of involvement in the chronic phase of the TAO.

Crystallographic Analysis of Fatigue Crack Initiation Behavior in Coarse-Grained Magnesium Alloy Under Tension-Tension Loading Cycles

Plane bending fatigue tests are conducted to investigate fatigue crack initiation mechanisms in coarse-grained magnesium alloy, AZ31, under the stress ratios R = −1 and 0.1. The initial crystallographic structures are analyzed by an electron backscatter diffraction method. The slip or twin operation during fatigue tests is identified from the line angle analyses based on Euler angles of the grains. Under the stress ratio R = −1, relatively thick tension twin bands are formed in coarse grains. Subsequently, compression twin or secondary pyramidal slip operates within the tension twin band, resulting in the fatigue crack initiation. On the other hand, under R = 0.1 with tension-tension loading cycles, twin bands are formed on the specimen surface, but the angles of those bands do not correspond to tension twins. Misorientation analyses of c-axes in the matrix grain and twin band reveal that double twins are activated. Under R = 0.1, fatigue crack initiates along the double twin boundaries. The different manners of fatigue crack initiation at R = −1 and 0.1 are related to the asymmetricity of twining under tension and compression loadings. The fatigue strengths under different stress ratios cannot be estimated by the modified Goodman diagram due to the effect of stress ratio on crack initiation mechanisms.

Composite Materials Processing with the Band Saw Blade Crack Before and After the Experiment Analysis (1)

This article takes the MJ3210 type woodworking band saw machine as the research object. Under no load, using advanced Beijing pop vibration analyzer and the Vib sys vibration signal acquisition, processing and analysis software for vibration signal acquisition and analysis, through the saw blade transverse vibration displacement, the power spectrum analysis: The saw blade transverse vibration displacement effect on the most significant factor as the spindle speed, followed by the tension of saw blade and belt tension is not significant factors. And draw the best process parameters. Adjust the saw under optimal process parameters. Use 120 mm width is 1.02 mm thick band saw blade type MJ3210 fine woodworking band saw machine, through to the saw blade crack before and after the vibration signal correlation analysis showed that the determination of lateral vibration displacement if between 4.48μm ~ 5.14μm microns, vibration main frequency between 494 Hz ~ 528Hz, and is the saw blade has had at least one more than 3 mm crack defects, need to timely change the band saw blade.

Organic geochemistry of funginite (Miocene, Eel River, Mendocino County, California, USA) and macrinite (Cretaceous, Inner Mongolia, China)

Funginite from the Miocene Sand Bank coal from outcrops along the Middle Fork Eel River in Mendocino County, California, and coprolitic macrinite from the Lower Cretaceous Shengli Formation No. 6 coal, Inner Mongolia, were investigated using optical microscopy, confocal scanning laser microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Raman micro spectroscopy, and micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The examinations showed that the Sand Bank funginite has a higher reflectance than the surrounding vitrinite and that the Shengli macrinite has a 0.41–1.13% reflectance range, lower than the reflectance of the adjacent fusinite but higher than the 0.36–0.37% Rr of the vitrinite. CLSM revealed fine structure and morphology of multicellular fungal sclerotia with distinct smooth to granular margins, thick bands enveloping the entire fungal body, and thin- or thick hyphae and hyphae lumens. SEM-EDS indicated that the rootlet interior to the funginite contained Si, Al, S, and Ca; the funginite and macrinite contained S and Ca; and the surrounding matrix contained illite and, perhaps, the phosphates gorceixite-crandallite. The coprolitic macrinite contained quartz and clay. The funginite proved to be more aliphatic than the surrounding vitrinite. The coprolitic macrinite and the macrinite have shorter and more branched aliphatic chains than the associated vitrinite. The obtained results contribute to the assessment of funginite and macrinite in terms of morphology and maceral chemistry, indicating an interaction of plant hosts with mutualistic fungi and decomposers.

On the genus Armina (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Nudibranchia) in Thailand

The marine sea slug heterobranch fauna from Thailand is composed of a total of 240 species, and Armina semperi is the only representative of the genus Armina recorded in the country. This species, described in the Philippines in the nineteenth century, has an uneasy taxonomic history and appears to be part of a complex of morphologically similar species, which has made its real identity difficult to determine. Comparison of samples of the genus Armina from Thailand with the original description of A. semperi showed that they were different. Furthermore, additional sampling allowed the discovery of a second species of the genus, similar to the so-called A. semperi and living in sympatry with it. In this paper, the taxonomic history of A. semperi is summarized and both species from Thailand are described as new to science. Armina scotti n. sp. is characterized by its black dorsum with pale yellowish notal ridges, widened forming three rounded blotches, not divergent posteriorly, not bifurcated; oral veil white, with a pale blue submarginal band and yellow edge; white rhinophores with a black subterminal band, which is pale blue on the inner-front sides, orange tips, and a black stripe running to the sides of the oral veil. The cutting edge of the jaws with up to four rows of denticles; radular formula 28 x 20.1.1.1.20; rachidian tooth with 5–6 strong denticles on each side of the median cusp; lateral teeth denticulate to smooth. Hermaphrodite duct very thin. Ampulla very long and wide; bursa copulatrix absent; prostate not differentiated; and penis proportionally very large and unarmed. Armina occulta n. sp. is characterized by its black dorsum with white notum narrowed forming two transverse dark bands, divergent and bifurcated posteriorly; orange mantle edge; black foot with a thick marginal band of deep blue; rhinophores deep blue with yellow tips, and a black subterminal band. The radular formula is 50 x 29.1.1.29; broad rachidian teeth, bearing 4–6 strong denticles only on the left side of the median cusp; a very thin hermaphrodite duct; very long and wide ampulla; undifferentiated prostate; large bursa copulatrix; and a penis bearing a stylet.

Serotonin transporter protects the placental cells against apoptosis in caspase 3-independent pathway.

Serotonin (5-HT) and its specific transporter, SERT play important roles in pregnancy. Using placentas dissected from 18d gestational SERT-knock out (KO), peripheral 5-HT (TPH1)-KO, and wild-type (WT) mice, we explored the role of 5-HT and SERT in placental functions in detail. An abnormal thick band of fibrosis and necrosis under the giant cell layer in SERT-KO placentas appeared only moderately in TPH1-KO and minimally present in WT placentas. The majority of the changes were located at the junctional zone of the placentas in SERT. The etiology of these findings was tested with TUNEL assays. The placentas from SERT-KO and TPH1-KO showed 49- and 8-fold increase in TUNEL-positive cells without a concurrent change in the DNA repair or cell proliferation compared to WT placentas. While the proliferation rate in the embryos of TPH1-KO mice was 16-fold lower than the rate in gestational age matched embryos of WT or SERT-KO mice. These findings highlight an important role of continuous 5-HT signaling on trophoblast cell viability. SERT may contribute to protecting trophoblast cells against cell death via terminating the 5-HT signaling which changes cell death ratio in trophoblast as well as proliferation rate in embryos. However, the cell death in SERT-KO placentas is in caspase 3-independent pathway.

Clinical value of MRI in treatment choice of anterior disc displacement with reduction

Objective To investigate the clinical value of MRI in treatment choice of anterior disc displacement with reduction. Methods 1.5 T superconducting MR was used to scan bilateral temporomandibular joints in 72 consecutive patients who were diagnosed by MRI as unilateral (66 patients) /bilateral(6 patients) anterior disc displacement with reduction at closed and open mouth. MRI sequences included oblique sagittal T2 weighted image and proton density weighted image, and 78 joints' images were acquired. According to the severity of clinical symptoms, all joints were divided into severe symptom group (45 joints) and mild symptom group (33 joints). Treatment was performed in severe symptom group, while follow up was conducted in mild symptom group. Disk position(angle between posterior margin of the disc and the condyle vertical line), disk morphology(biconcave, biplanar, biconvex, rounded, folded, thick posterior band), and joint effusion (none effusion, mild effusion, moderate effusion, marked effusion) were evaluated by two radiologists. The observer agreement for image evaluation was calculated using Kappa statistics. Group difference in disk position was compared using t-test and Chi-square test was used to compare group difference in disk morphology and joint effusion. Results The Kappa value between two radiologists were 0.816 and 0.832 (P<0.01) on evaluation of disk morphology and joint effusion. Statistical results indicated that the angles between posterior margin of the disc and the condyle vertical line in severe symptom group (54.2±10.9)° were larger than those in mild symptom group (46.4±9.0)° (t=3.37, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in disc deformation incidence between the two groups (χ2=1.18, P=0.277). The common deformation in sever symptom group was thick posterior band (χ2=5.65, P<0.05), and in mild symptom group was biplanar (χ2=5.67, P<0.05). No statistical difference in joint effusion incidence was observed(χ2=1.02, P=0.312). Moderate and marked effusion were more common in sever symptom group than that in mild symptom group (χ2=6.55, P<0.05). Conclusions MRI is a useful tool for making treatment choice in anterior disc displacement with reduction. Treatment should be given when the following occurred on MRI: moderate anterior disc displacement, disc deformation (excepting for biplanar), moderate or marked joint effusion. Key words: Temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome; Temporomandibular joint disk; Magnetic resonance imaging; Anterior disc displacement with reduction

CTLA-4 haploinsufficiency in a patient with an autoimmune lymphoproliferative disorder

CTLA-4 haploinsufficiency in a patient with an autoimmune lymphoproliferative disorder

Anomalous muscle bundle in the right atrium; Implication to trans atrial device closure

Intracavitary muscle bands or aberrant bands have been well described in all four chambers of the heart but rarely seen thick muscular band crossing right atrium. We report a case of devisable secundum atrial septal defect with an intra-atrial anomalous muscular band, crossing right atrial wall to the rim of the secundum atrial septal defect warranting surgical closure.

Evaluation of the Grafted Fascia in the Vocal Fold of Dogs: A Histologic Study

There is no consensus on the ideal graft for medialization surgery of the vocal folds in the literature. One of the most favorable proposals is the use of autologous fascia, which seems limited by the lack of information regarding the integration of grafted tissue. Our study aims to evaluate the degree of fully engrafted fascia integration in the vocal fold lamina propria of dogs. Fourteen adult mongrel dogs that underwent intravenous general anesthesia were selected and kept under spontaneous ventilation. A fascia lata fragment of 4 cm2 was obtained from the right leg of each dog. The dogs underwent laryngoscopy; a 3 mm incision was made in the vocal process, next to the vestibular process, and the fascia was grafted into the right vocal fold. The left vocal fold was used as a control. The animals were divided into two groups: group A, evaluated after 2 months of the procedure, and group B, evaluated after 6 months of the procedure. Histologic analysis was made semiquantitatively regarding the presence of inflammatory reaction, fibrosis, and neovascularization. Our final studied group comprised 12 dogs. Microscopic examination of the larynx revealed the absence of any detectable inflammation in the incision site. The lamina propria of the grafted vocal fold showed identifiable compact, thick, and eosinophilic collagen bands. The surrounding tissue showed thin collagen bands with some organization, similar to the contralateral vocal fold. The grafted fascia integrates into the vocal fold lamina propria and seems not to cause inflammatory reaction response.

Експериментальне зараження поросят вірусом епідемічної діареї свиней

There were infected neonatal piglets in the first days of their lives PED virus suspension derived from pigs previously PED patients. Diagnosis for PED in piglets donor virus PED was inserted complex method for clinical and epizootic performance and confirmed the identification PEDV by PCR-RT using the test system «EZ-RED/TGE/PDCoV MPX 1.0 Real time RT-PCR» company Tetracore (USA) Thermocyclers CFX 96 Real-Time System company BIO RAD (USA). Homogenate small intestine of pigs PEDV donor, prepared in a blender for PCR in a thick band of 18 animal carcasses, frozen at -18 °C without cryopreservation and kept 359 days. Before infecting pigs and strip defrost by RT-PCR identified the concentration of the virus genome equivalents (GE) without establishing viable virions quantitative pathogen. For Sample 20 selected analog neonatal piglets, divided them into 3 experimental groups (group 1 – 5 piglets, group 2 – 5 piglets and group 3 – 7 piglets) and one control (3 piglets). Research pigs infected per os virus-containing suspension with a concentration PEDV 1.03×106 GE/cm3. The dose for infection first group was 6 cm3 (6.18×106 GE/cm3), for the second – 5 cm3 (5,15 × 106 GE/cm3), for the third – 4 cm3 (4.12 GE×106/cm3) homogenate. The fourth group – control (not infected). All the pigs were in identical conditions that fully meet the physiological needs of the body. Of the 17 infected pigs only 2 was infected PEDV. PED was confirmed by laboratory methods. In bacteriological examination of internal organs of pigs that came out of a research experiment and control group were diagnosed colibacteriosis. In the control group was isolated from heart and intestinal non-pathogenic for white mice E. coli. From pigs 1 and 2 research groups has been allocated to white mice nonpathogenic E. coli, is set colibacteriosis; 2 experimental group found in one pig hemolytic E. coli; 3 experimental group from the internal organs of pigs in conjunction with non-pathogenic for mice intestinal former cane isolated Klesiella spp., is diagnosed with mixed infection (E. coli, Klesiella spp.). From the intestine of experimental and control pigs do not identified beneficial microflora – aerococcus, lactobacteria, bifidobacteria and cultured putrefactive anaerobic spore facultative and non spore microflora.

A new insight into the fabella at knee: the foetal development and evolution.

Using longitudinal semiserial sections of 12 lower extremities from 8 human foetuses at 15-18 weeks, we compared foetal morphologies of the knee in specimens with and without fabellae. We also compared the fabella, if present, with the hallucal sesamoid in the same foetus. Cartilaginous fabella, positive for versican and tenascin by immunohistochemistry, was found in 5 of the 8 foetuses. This structure was embedded in a thick and tight lateral fibrous band, providing a common origin of the plantaris muscle and the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle. The plantaris was covered by the lateral head of the gastrocnemius, but these 2 muscles were separated by a distinct fascia or space. Notably, the foetal fabella did not attach to the joint capsule. In the 3 specimens without fabellae, the lateral fibrous band was thin, containing a fibrous mass, negative for versican and tenascin, in place of the fabella. The "medial" head of the gastrocnemius faced or covered the plantaris, while the lateral head was continuous with the plantaris. A hallucal cartilaginous sesamoid, positive for versican and tenascin, was present in all 8 specimens. It carried a flat surface facing the joint cavity and was covered by tendons of the short muscles of the foot. Because of the difference in topographical relation of muscles between specimens with or without fabella, rather than mechanical stress to the tendon, fabella development may require a distinct plantaris muscle independent of the gastrocnemius. We discussed about an evolutionary aspect of the fabella and plantaris muscle.

The Impacts of TRR14-Overexpression on Arabidopsis thaliana Growth and Photosynthetic Parameters

Background TRR14 protein is a small protein, a member of a multigene family in Arabidopsis which was found as the fi rst protein during screening seedlings for their resistant to the trehalose sugar. Objectives A number of TRR14-overexpressing plants were subjected to the characterization in the present research, among which, the associated morphological features and changes accompany growth pattern and photosynthesis related parameters. Materials and Methods TRR14 gene was isolated from Arabidopsis Thaliana and cloned into the pBin-35S vector. Recombinant vector was transferred to the Arabidopsis (Col-0) via Agrobacterium tumefaciens using the Floral Dipping method. Seeds from the TRR14 overexpressed (TRR14) and the Col-0 wild-type (WT) plants were shown on soil under long day conditions. Several measurements were then performed including determination of the fresh and dry weights, leaf area, chlorophyll a and b (Chl a and Chl b) content, Chl a/b ratio, total chlorophyll and carotenoids content, soluble and insoluble sugars content, total and soluble protein content, the Hill reaction rate, chlorophyll fl uorescence, as well as photorespiration rate. Meanwhile, the chloroplastic proteins were investigated by SDS-PAGE analysis. Results TRR14 plants showed a signifi cant increase in fresh and dry weights, leaf area, and total and soluble protein content along with a signifi cant decrease in the insoluble sugar contents was observed in comparison to the WT plants. Chl a, Chl b, total chlorophyll content, Chl a/b ratio, carotenoids content, Hill reaction rate, and chlorophyll fl uorescence didn’t show a signifi cant diff erence between TRR14 and WT plants. The SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis of the chloroplastic proteins showed a thick band with a molecular mass of 25 kDa in TRR14-overexpressed plants, compared to the WT plants. Remarkably, photorespiration rate was decreased in TRR14 plants compared to WT plants. Conclusion The increased biomass of TRR14 transformed plants might be due to its ability in reducing photorespiration through concentrating CO2 in the leaf’s intercellular spaces.

Steatohepatitis-like Changes in Focal Nodular Hyperplasia, A Finding to Distinguish From Steatohepatitic Variant of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Steatohepatitis-like change has not been described in focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). Steatohepatitis-like change in FNH may show overlapping features with steatohepatitic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This problem can be compounded if seen in FNH with widened cell plates or hepatocyte rosettes, other features that can also be seen in HCC. This study examined steatotic FNHs for the frequency of steatohepatitis-like change, especially in the setting of FNH with rosettes and/or widened cell plates. Thirty-three resection specimens of steatotic FNH from 3 institutions were evaluated for degree of steatosis, background liver steatosis, ductular reaction, and lymphocytic infiltrate, as well as presence of thick fibrous bands, thick-walled vessels, ballooned hepatocytes, Mallory-Denk bodies, dilated sinusoids, hepatocyte rosettes, and thick hepatic plates. Steatosis was distributed along fibrous septa as well as diffusely throughout the FNH. Steatohepatitis-like changes were focally present in 54% (18 cases). Thick plates>3 cells were focally found in 14 cases (42%); rosettes were common (70%). All cases showed at least 2 of the histologic features highly suggestive for the diagnosis of FNH such as thick bands of fibrosis, thick-walled vessels and/or ductular reaction and the typical map-like pattern of glutamine synthetase immunostaining. More than half of fatty FNH examined for this study had features of at least focal steatohepatitis-like changes. This finding should not be confused with steatohepatitic variant of HCC. Common typical features of FNH including thick-walled vessels, ductular reaction and thick fibrous bands are helpful for discrimination of FNH from HCC.

Assessment of the most reliable sites in mandibular bone for the best deoxyribonucleic acid yield for expeditive human identification in forensics.

Background:In recent years, the techniques used to identify human remains post accidents, trauma or in case of criminal investigation have been expanded, improved and rendered more complex by the emergence of technologies based on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis. In the head and neck area, tooth has been proven to be the best quantitative source for DNA but in certain cases where the mandible specimen is edentulous or the tooth is extensively destroyed with caries, large dental restorations, mobile, or if they show any perimortem or postmortem fractures, sampling of such tooth specimen is usually avoided. In such situations, bone is considered the next best site for DNA analysis. Mandible being the largest, strongest and dense cortical bone is the most prominent facial bone that can be easily disarticulated. It can be analyzed for the best short tandem repeat (STR) segment qualitative amplification using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for forensic analysis which can be used for gender and age determination.Aim:The aim of this study is to determine the best site for optimum quantitative and qualitative yield of DNA for amplification using specific and standard STR segment by conventional PCR technique.Methodology:Fifteen mandibular samples exposed to different environmental conditions were collected. Bone pieces of 1 cm × 1 cm were cut from each mandible from three sites, i.e., the ramus, angle and body, wherein the genomic DNA was isolated and was subjected to PCR using restricted number of 25 cycles.Results:The STR segment D3S1358 from clone RP11-438F9 used for the study showed very good amplification in restricted number of PCR cycles in the ramus region with number of repeats in every 15th genomic region.Conclusion:This study highlights the use of mandibular bone for the expeditive human identification. As per the study, the ramus of the mandible gave high quantitative and qualitative yield of DNA with thick amplification band of the STR segment as compared to the body and angle of the mandible. Thus ramus of the mandible can be preferred over other sites for molecular forensic investigations.

右下腹部痛を繰り返して診断に苦慮した,太いmesodiverticular bandによる腹痛の1例

右下腹部痛を繰り返して診断に苦慮した,太いmesodiverticular bandによる腹痛の1例

Low-temperature volume radiation annealing of cold-worked bands of Al-Li-Cu-Mg alloy by 20-40 keV Ar+ ion

The processes of radiation-dynamic nature (in contrast to the thermally-activated processes) in the course of short-term irradiation of 1 mm thick bands of cold-worked aluminum alloy 1441 (of system Al-Li-Cu-Mg) with Ar+ 20-40 keV were studied. An effect of in-the-bulk (throughout the whole of metal bands thickness) low-temperature radiation annealing of the named alloy, multiply accelerated as compared with common thermal annealing processes was registered (with projected ranges of ions of considered energies definitely not exceeding 0.1 μm). The processes of recrystallization and intermetallic structure changes (occurring within a few seconds of Ar+ irradiation) have the common features as well as the differences in comparison with the results of two hour standard thermal annealing.

Komparasi Metode Isolasi DNA Patogen Antraknosa dan Bulai untuk Deteksi PCR

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an important tool for detection, identification and monitoring of quarantine pests in Indonesia. DNA isolation method from target organism is an important step to provide adequate DNA template for performing PCR. Objective of the research was to compare conventional, commercial kit, FTA-card and its modification methods of DNA isolation to be used in PCR detection for Colletotrichum acutatum and Peronosclerospora sorghi from chili and maize, respectively. DNA obtained from various isolation methods were measured using UV-vis nanodrop-spectrophotometry. DNA amplification was performed using DNA concentration of 15 ng µL-1 from each isolation method with gradual primer concentrations of 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; and 1.0 mM. The highest concentration of DNA was achieved with conventional methods for C. acutatum from pure culture and P. sorghi from maize leaf. Best DNA purity was obtained from isolation method using commercial kit for C. acutatum from infected fruit (1.94) and from conventional method for C. acutatum from pure culture (1.91). The highest total yield of isolated DNA was achieved by modified FTA-card for C. acutatum from pure culture. In general DNA amplification using various primer concentration gave positive results although DNA bands intensity was varied from faint to very bright. Furthermore PCR optimization using the best primer concentration from previous reaction showed that all DNA templates resulted in thick and bright DNA bands.