Thermophysical Properties Of Solids Research Articles

Guy Kendall White 1925–2018

Guy Kendall White graduated from the University of Sydney, obtaining a BSc (Hons) (1st class) in 1945 and an MSc in 1947. He attended the University of Oxford and obtained a DPhil, studying low-temperature physics in the Clarendon Laboratory. He had a productive research career as a condensed matter experimental physicist, focusing on transport and thermophysical properties of solids at low temperatures. He had an extensive network of international collaborators and, in 1959, authored Experimental Techniques in Low-Temperature Physics, which came to be regarded as an essential handbook for those doing low-temperature physics. He was a world leader in the field of thermal expansion in solids at low temperatures. He produced important compilations of thermophysical data that are of great value to technologists, scientists and engineers. He was influential in the development of the discipline of solid state physics in Australia, and his mentoring launched the careers of many young scientists.

Steady‐state estimation of thermal contact conductance between sliding disk and stationary cylinder with similar/dissimilar materials under the isothermally heated boundary condition

AbstractAn accurate understanding of the thermal contact conductance (TCC) is imperative for the enhancement of the performance and service life of metallic cylindrical joints. However, the evaluation of the TCC between conforming cylindrical solids is quite intricate, as it depends on the temperature, pressure, roughness, relative sliding speed, and thermophysical properties of solids. Instead of generating contacting surfaces stochastically, in this communication, an experimental setup in the lab‐scale consisting of a stationary cylinder and a sliding hot disk has been fabricated in which temporal evolutions of the temperature on both solids are recorded by thermocouples. Effects of the disk temperature and relative sliding speed on the steady‐state TCC have been investigated. There is a cylindrical interface between two conforming smooth solids of similar/dissimilar materials. As there is the differential expansion of cylindrical solids due to the temperature gradient, the diameter of sliding disks has been truncated to fix the radial gap (contact pressure). Inverse solution with the conjugate gradient method along with the adjoint problem has been applied to estimate the steady‐state TCC. One‐dimensional heat transfer analysis shows that frictional heating is negligible. The steady‐state TCC is almost constant longitudinally along the axis of the steel cylinder. Under identical initial and isothermally heated boundary conditions, the TCC between the aluminum disk and cylinder is higher than that between steel disk and cylinder. Also, the TCC has been increased with a rising slope when the working temperature is enhanced. However, the augmentation of the relative sliding speed engenders a decreasing slope in the TCC graph.

Induction and detection of pressure waves by pulsed thermal lens technique in water-ethanol mixtures.

The mode-mismatched dual-beam thermal lens technique is widely applied in the characterization of optical and thermo-physical properties of solids and liquids. The technique has also been used to investigate transient acoustic waves induced by pulsed laser excitation at the nanosecond time scale. In this paper, we developed a semi-analytical model to describe the transient acoustic wave that allows a fitting procedure to get the physical properties of fluid samples. The method was used to investigate samples with different mixtures of ethanol and water, and quantitative information of piezo-optic coefficient and sound speed are evaluated for the fluid mixtures.

Thermal-hydraulic performance of printed circuit heat exchangers with zigzag flow channels

Printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) is one of the leading candidates to be employed in advanced nuclear reactors and next generation concentrated solar power applications due to its compactness and capability for high-temperature, high-pressure applications with high effectiveness. In the current study, thermal-hydraulic performance of a zigzag-channel PCHE with high-pressure, high-temperature helium on both the hot and cold sides was simulated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package STAR-CCM + . Comparisons between the experimental data and CFD simulation results showed good agreement with some discrepancies in the pressure drop and heat transfer results. Local thermal-hydraulic performance analyses indicated that a fully-developed flow condition was not observed in the PCHE, mainly due to the nature of the zigzag channels, leading to periodic flow disturbance at each of the zigzag bends. It was also found that the local and global heat transfer coefficients were considerably different in the PCHE. Furthermore, thermal boundary conditions showed that the fluid temperatures and heat fluxes were not uniform along the azimuthal direction of a cross section of the flow channel and that the helium temperature distribution for each segment along the flow direction presented a wavy profile. However, the distribution of the helium bulk temperature along the flow direction was approximately linear. For the heat flux distributions, although they were significantly different at different segments, the trend of the heat flux for each segment along the fluid flow direction was similar. Finally, effects of several parameters on the thermal-hydraulic performance of the PCHE were investigated, including the fluid and solid thermophysical properties, radius of curvature at zigzag bends, channel configuration, channel length pitch in the flow direction, and zigzag pitch angle. No considerable enhancement in the Nusselt numbers was observed when the zigzag pitch angles were greater than 30°.

Thermal energy storages analysis for high temperature in air solar systems

In this paper a high temperature thermal storage in a honeycomb solid matrix is numerically investigated and a parametric analysis is accomplished. In the formulation of the model it is assumed that the system geometry is cylindrical, the fluid and the solid thermo physical properties are temperature independent and radiative heat transfer is taken into account whereas the effect of gravity is neglected. Air is employed as working fluid and the solid material is cordierite. The evaluation of the fluid dynamic and thermal behaviors is accomplished assuming the honeycomb as a porous medium. The Brinkman–Forchheimer–extended Darcy model is used in the governing equations and the local thermal non equilibrium is assumed. The commercial CFD Fluent code is used to solve the governing equations in transient regime. Numerical simulations are carried out with storage medium for different mass flow rates of the working fluid and different porosity values. Results in terms of temperature profiles, temperatures fields and stored thermal energy as function of time are presented. The effects of storage medium, different porosity values and mass flow rate on stored thermal energy and storage time are shown.

Numerical investigation on sensible thermal energy storage with porous media for high temperature solar systems

In this paper different high temperature TES components are numerically analyzed. The difference is defined by the different type of porous medium employed in the storage. Two different porous media are considered: spheres or foams. In all cases a ceramic material is considered. In the formulation of the model it is assumed that the system geometry is cylindrical, the fluid and the solid thermophysical properties are temperature independents, the radiation heat transfer mechanism is taken into account. The commercial CFD Fluent code is used to solve the governing equations in transient regime and in local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE). Numerical simulations are carried out at different mass flow rates of the heat-carrying fluid. The results show the effects of the porosity and of the working fluid mass flow rate on the stored thermal energy and on the storage time.

505 点接触式温度プローブによる熱物性値測定法 : プローブ先端形状の影響(GS-7 熱(1))

505 点接触式温度プローブによる熱物性値測定法 : プローブ先端形状の影響(GS-7 熱(1))

Thermophysical properties of some key solids: An update

In 1985, the CODATA Bulletin published a Report of its Task Group on Thermophysical Properties of Solids which analyzed available data on, and gave recommended values for, the heat capacity of Cu, Fe, W, and Al2O3, the thermal expansion of Cu, Si, W, and Al2O3, the electrical resistivity of Cu, Fe, Pt, and W, the thermal conductivity of Al, Cu, Fe, and W, and the absolute thermopower of Pb, Cu, Pt, and W. The analysts for the different properties were R. B. Castanet, S. J. Collocott, P. D. Desai, C. Y. Ho, J. G. Hust, R. B. Roberts, C. A. Swenson, and G. K. White. The present paper is an updated version of the earlier report and includes more recent data which change some of the recommended values. notably the heat capacity of Cu and W and the thermal expansion of Si and W.

A PC program to standardize the description of measurement results of thermophysical properties of solids

One of the most serious problems of factual databases is the data input, especially when the relation between the properties of interest and the material or experimental parameters is complex. In order to enable data input in the field of thermophysical properties, a new special PC program has been developed, which facilitates the data input by means of a windows technique. In these windows, the user is presented with input fields where alphanumerical values or integers can be inserted corresponding to a given list of descriptors. In principle, this list can be extended by each user. The problem, however, is then to keep all other users informed about the updated list of descriptors. It is intended to establish a community of users of this programme for the purposes of standardization of data input and acceleration of information exchange about measurement results.

Thermophysical Properties of Some Key Solids

In 1995 the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) published a Report of its Task Group on Thermophysical Properties of Solids which analyzed available data on, and gave recommended values for, the heat capacity of Al2O3, Cu, W, and Fe, the thermal expansion of Cu. Si, W, and Al2O3, the electrical resistivity of Cu, Fe, W. and Pt, the thermal conductivity of AI, Cu, Fe, and W, and the absolute thermopower of Pb, Cu, and Pt, The Chairman of the Task Group was Professor Y. S. Touloukian. until his death in 1981, and later was Dr, Merrill Minges, Since that publication there have been more measurements of heat capacity (Cu), thermal expansion (Si and W), and thermopower (W). particularly at high temperatures with subsecond techniques, which have led us to reanalyze some of the data and change some “recommended” values, Revised tables and some algebraic expressions are presented here.

Determination of thermophysical properties of solids at high temperatures by measuring phase characteristics of a plane temperature wave at two frequencies

The authors propose and substantiate a procedure to determine thermal diffusivity and the ratio of integral emissive power to thermal conductivity of solids by measuring the phase delay of a plane temperature wave at two frequencies. The method is applicable for a wide range of heat loss parameters and does not need calorimetric measurements. Errors are calculated and the domains of applicability of the given procedure are pointed out.

Prediction of the thermophysical properties of solids

Proceeding from the established interrelations between thermophysical, elastic, and structural characteristics, the article analyzes the possibility of predicting the thermophysical properties of solids.

Thermal Analysis, Vol. XII. Part D. Thermophysical Properties of Solids, Their Measurement and Theoretical Analysis

Thermal Analysis, Vol. XII. Part D. Thermophysical Properties of Solids, Their Measurement and Theoretical Analysis

Japanese research on thermophysical properties of solids

The research activities on thermophysical properties in many engineering fields in Japan have been promoted for the past 10 years. In this paper, the outlook is reviewed on recent research work on thermophysical properties, mainly on thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of solids, in Japan. The research activities are described in such areas as measuring methods, metals, nuclear fuels and ceramics, building materials and insulators, soils and rocks, energy storage materials and compound materials, and dispersed materials.

A radiation instrument for determining the thermophysical properties of solids

A radiation instrument for determining the thermophysical properties of solids

CODATA Task Group on thermophysical properties of solids

CODATA Task Group on thermophysical properties of solids

Criteria for the presentation in the primary literature of scientific and technical information on thermophysical properties of solids

We have attempted to set forth the important aspects of numerical data presentation so as to promote the usefulness of the quantitative results of scientific research. It may seem that there is an apparent conflict between these recommendations and the usual exhortations to authors by editors for brevity as well as clarity in their papers. Although these recommendations call for somewhat more detail than is commonly provided, they do not exceed what appears in the better papers today. The required statements may be terse and factual.

Some thermophysical properties of pyrographite: V A Petrov et al, Thermophysical Properties of Solids, Coll, Nauka Moscow 1973, 74–79 ( in Russizn)

The values of emf in the cell W/Th, ThF4/CaF2/ThF4, ThCx/W were measured at the temperatures of 720° to 950° C and at the compositions of 0.13 ⩽ x ⩽ 1.60. Thermodynamic informations of nonstoichiometric thorium monocarbide were obtained. Lattice parameters and densities of thorium monocarbides were measured. Phase boundaries and lattice defects of this compound were discussed from these results. The anomaly at about 830° C of the sample of ThC0.76 observed in the temperature dependences of emf is discussed on the basis of superlattice formation of carbon atoms and vacancies.Les valeurs de la force électromotrice de la cellule W/Th, ThF4/CaF2/ThF4, ThCx/W furent mesurées aux températures de 720° à 950° C et pour les compositions de x comprises entre 0,13 et 1,60. Ces mesures donnent des informations thermodynamiques sur le mono-carbure de thorium non stoéchiométrique. Les paramètres réticulaires et les densités des monocarbures de thorium ont été mesurées. Les limites de phase et les défauts réticulaires sont discutées sur la base de ces résultats. L'anomalie à 830° C environ, observée pour ThC0,76 du point de vue force électromotrice, est discutée sur la base de la formation d'une surstructure des atomes de carbone et des lacunes.Es wurden Messungen der EMK bei 720–950° C in den Zellen W/Th, ThF4/CaF2/ThF4, Thx/W mit Zusammensetzungen von 0,13 ⩽ x ⩽ 1,60 durchgeführt. Auf diese Weise konnten thermodynamische Daten von nichtstöchiometrischen Monokarbiden erhalten werden. Gitterparameter und Dichte von Thorium-Monokarbiden wurden gemessen. Die Phasengrenzen und die Gitterdefekte wurden aufgrund dieser Ergebnisse diskutiert. Bei über 830° C tritt in der Probe der Zusammensetzung ThC0,76 eine Anomalie in der Temperaturabhängigkeit der EMK auf, die auf der Basis einer Überstrukturbildung durch Kohlenstoffatome und Leerstellen diskutiert wurde.

Investigation of thermophysical properties of dielectrics at high temperatures: R P Yurkchak et al, Thermophysical Properties of Solids, Coll, Nauka Moscow 1973, 83–87 ( in Russian)

Investigation of thermophysical properties of dielectrics at high temperatures: R P Yurkchak et al, Thermophysical Properties of Solids, Coll, Nauka Moscow 1973, 83–87 ( in Russian)

Procedure for measuring the thermophysical properties of polymers at high hydrostatic pressures

A procedure is suggested for determining the thermophysical properties of solids under hydrostatic pressure conditions by the instantaneous cylindrical heat source method without allowance for heat exchange at the sample-liquid boundary. A calculation performed showed that the temperature field of a cylinder of finite radius is identical to the temperature field of an infinite body up to Fo=0.05–0.07 with an accuracy far better than 0.5%. It is shown that the sample dimensions can be small thereupon at measurement times sufficient for performing the measurements on a standard apparatus of the order of 40–70 sec.