Utilization Of Thermal Energy Research Articles

Study of a Novel Updraft Tower Power Plant Combined with Wind and Solar Energy

This study presents a novel solar updraft tower power plant (SUTPP) system, which has been designed to achieve the simultaneous utilization of solar and wind energy resources in desert regions, in response to the pressing demand for sustainable and efficient renewable energy solutions. The aim of this research was to develop an integrated system that is capable of harnessing and converting these abundant energy sources into electrical power, thereby enhancing the renewable energy portfolio in arid environments. The methodology of this study involved the design and construction of a prototype SUTPP, comprising a 53 m high tower, a 6170 m2 collector, five horizontal-axis wind turbines, and a thermal energy storage layer made up of pebbles and sand. The experimental setup was meticulously detailed, and experiments were conducted to collect data on the system’s performance under various environmental conditions. Subsequently, three-dimensional numerical simulations were performed to explore the effects of ambient wind speed and solar radiation on the output power of the SUTPP. The results indicate that the output power of the system increases with the increase in ambient wind speed and solar radiation. The impact of solar irradiation on output power was observed to diminish as ambient wind speeds increased. Notably, as the inlet wind speed rose from 4 m/s to 12 m/s, the output power showed a substantial increase of 727%. The numerical simulations revealed that ambient wind speed has a more pronounced effect on power output compared to solar radiation. Furthermore, it was found that the influence of solar radiation is significant at low wind speeds, with its impact decreasing as wind speed increases. This research provides essential guidance for the design and engineering of highly efficient solar thermal energy utilization projects, representing a significant advancement in the field of renewable energy technology deployment in desert environments.

Economic Dispatch of Integrated Energy Systems Considering Wind–Photovoltaic Uncertainty and Efficient Utilization of Electrolyzer Thermal Energy

Economic Dispatch of Integrated Energy Systems Considering Wind–Photovoltaic Uncertainty and Efficient Utilization of Electrolyzer Thermal Energy

Numerical study of an energy storage unit based on zeolite-water adsorption for mobilized thermal energy storage

Mobile energy storage heating trucks present a promising solution to address current challenges associated with low energy utilization and reliance on a singular heat supply method. This technology seamlessly integrates waste heat recovery and thermal energy utilization, offering potential advantages such as streamlining construction cycles and providing timely energy supply in scenarios with diverse energy demands. To enhance the energy delivery efficiency of mobile heating, this paper employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to thoroughly examine the heat accumulator at the core of an adsorption-based mobilized thermal energy storage. Furthermore, the paper conducts simulations and analyses of heat and mass transfer within a zeolite-water accumulator, closely scrutinizing variations in temperature, vapor content, and water content within the zeolite field. The results indicate that, during the heat storage process in the 3 m/s to 5 m/s system, the zeolite sensible heat storage capacity increases by 6.48 %, accompanied by a reduction in latent heat. Specifically, when the inlet steam velocity is 5 m/s compared to 3 m/s, the equilibrium heat transfer time shortens by 24.6 %. Furthermore, for an inlet steam temperature ranging from 180 °C to 220 °C, the average temperature can be elevated by 28.8 °C, resulting in a 10.6 % increase in sensible heat storage capacity. However, the heat storage time experiences a 3.4 % increase. In the exothermic process, with an inlet air velocity of 5 m/s compared to 3 m/s, there is a 22.2 % reduction in latent heat exothermic and a 16.7 % reduction in exothermic time. The inlet air temperature during the exothermic process is 8.9 °C lower than the final temperature of 20 °C, leading to a 3.2 % increase in exothermic quantity and a 20 % improvement in exothermic efficiency.

Helical Micropillar Processed by One-Step 3D Printing for Solar Thermal Conversion.

Solar thermal utilization has broad applications in a variety of fields. Currently, maximizing the photo-thermal conversion efficiency remains a research hotspot in this field. The exquisite plant structures in nature have greatly inspired human structural design across many domains. In this work, inspired by the photosynthesis of helical grass, a HM type solar absorber made in graphene-based composite sheets is used for solar thermal conversion. The unique design promoted more effective solar energy into thermal energy through multiple reflections and scattering of solar photons. Notably, the Helical Micropillar (HM) is fabricated using a one-step projection 3D printing process based on a special 3D helical beam. As a result, the solar absorber's absorbance value can reach 0.83 in the 400-2500nm range, and the surface temperature increased by ≈128.3% relative to the original temperature. The temperature rise rate of the solar absorber reached 22.4°Cmin-1, demonstrating the significant potential of the HM in practical applications of solar thermal energy collection and utilization.

Progress on Material Design and Device Fabrication via Coupling Photothermal Effect with Thermoelectric Effect.

Recovery and utilization of low-grade thermal energy is a topic of universal importance in today's society. Photothermal conversion materials can convert light energy into heat energy, which can now be used in cancer treatment, seawater purification, etc., while thermoelectric materials can convert heat energy into electricity, which can now be used in flexible electronics, localized cooling, and sensors. Photothermoelectrics based on the photothermal effect and the Seebeck effect provide suitable solutions for the development of clean energy and energy harvesting. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of recent developments in photothermal, thermoelectric, and, most importantly, photothermal-thermoelectric coupling materials. First, the research progress and applications of photothermal and thermoelectric materials are introduced, respectively. After that, the classification of different application areas of materials coupling photothermal effect with thermoelectric effect, such as sensors, thermoelectric batteries, wearable devices, and multi-effect devices, is reviewed. Meanwhile, the potential applications and challenges to be overcome for future development are presented, which are of great reference value in waste heat recovery as well as solar energy resource utilization and are of great significance for the sustainable development of society. Finally, the challenges of photothermoelectric materials as well as their future development are summarized.

Optimization of Eucalyptus essential oil extraction by applying response surface methodology in traditional distillation and its adaption to solar thermal process

This work reports the utilization of solar thermal energy to generate Eucalyptus essential oil, reducing the dependence on conventional energy and minimizing the environmental impact. The study optimized oil extraction by traditional steam distillation using response surface methodology and applied the results to a Scheffler concentrator-driven solar steam distillation setup. The optimum factors included leaf size (0.02 m), extraction temperature (97.76 ℃), solid/solvent ratio (0.61), and extraction time (206 min), with temperature being crucial. The major oil components were 1–8 cineole (57.53–78.45%) and α-Pinene (15.27–27.83%). The outdoor experiments achieved an efficiency of 27% and produced 2 kg/h steam at an average solar insolation of 700 W/m2. Despite consistent processing temperatures favouring conventional steam distillation, the solar extraction process offers an eco-friendly alternative. In line with the sustainable development goals, this initiative is well-suited for sunny regions and small businesses targeting niche markets.

Multi-perspective analysis of adiabatic compressed air energy storage system with cascaded packed bed latent heat storage under variable conditions

Adiabatic compressed air energy storage (A-CAES) with advanced thermal energy storage systems has enormous potential in applications. In particular, the extent of thermal energy utilization determines the comprehensive performance of an A-CAES system. In this paper, a cascaded latent heat packed bed storage system is used as a thermal energy storage under variable conditions of A-CAES. The transient thermal characteristic of the packed bed under variable conditions are further studied. Moreover, the key parameters that affect the thermal energy utilization of the system are also parametrically investigated. The results show that the proposed system has a roundtrip efficiency of 63.42 %, an exergy efficiency of 66.58 %, and a payback period of 4.63 years. The economic analysis shows that the proposed system is more advantageous in comparison with A-CAES with heat transfer oil as heat storage system.

Progress and prospects of low-grade thermal energy utilization technologies

Despite significant recent progress, which has focussed and relied mainly on improvements to the generation, storage, transmission/distribution and consumption of electricity, the decarbonization of heat remains a challenge. Dominant within this problem description is the vast amount of low-grade thermal energy currently rejected from diverse processes across many sectors – but especially the industrial sector, which leads to a significant energy waste. However, sustainability, energy security, environmental protection and emission control will continue to be significant concerns, so the recovery and utilization of this energy resource is expected to be increasingly recognized as an important element of future energy systems; this, in turn, relies critically on the development and widespread deployment of appropriate technologies. This vision article aims to highlight the significance of low-grade thermal energy utilization and to emphasize the need to explore and to develop innovative approaches to harness the potential of this resource. Specifically, recent progress in five of the most common technological options for low-grade thermal energy utilization, namely heat pumps, power cycle systems, thermoelectric generators, thermal regenerative cycles, and thermal energy storage, are reviewed briefly. Based on a general introduction of the operating principles and research trends in each case, directions for the further development of these technologies are discussed. Finally, future challenges are identified in terms of fundamental technological advancement, system-level application, economic viability, and environmental considerations. Additionally, this article calls for appropriate policies to support the development and further uptake of low-grade thermal energy utilization solutions.

Theoretical perfection and application of entransy analysis method on absorption systems

In thermal energy utilization scenarios, absorption systems have been widely and effectively utilized as heat exchange devices. However, existing thermal research methods on absorption systems for these scenarios have limitations. Therefore, the entransy parameter, which is applicable for analyzing the heat exchange process is chosen to study. The entransy balance relationship of the absorption system is theoretically analyzed, and the entransy analysis method is further perfected to break through the limitations. First, the entransy imbalance of the reversible absorption cycle is proved, and the reason for this imbalance is clarified that two heat-work conversion processes at different temperatures occur inside the cycle. Then, the working fluid’s entransy change during the conversion process is theoretically derived and defined, and a new parameter: conversion entransy is defined based on it. Moreover, the comprehensive entransy balance equation and comprehensive entransy analysis method of absorption systems are further proposed. Finally, a specific case study is carried out, and this method is compared with the existing exergy analysis method and entransy analysis method without considering the conversion entransy respectively. By using this method, the optimal process form of the absorption heat exchanger can be directly obtained without numerical simulation calculations, demonstrating significant advantages.

Machine learning assisted multi-objective design optimization for battery thermal management system

The rapid expansion of the electric vehicle (EV) industry necessitates the development of advanced battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) to safeguard the cyclic properties and security of lithium-ion batteries. However, the assessment of the performance of BTMS often overlooks the importance of considering not only the thermal regulation effectiveness on batteries but also its own energy efficiency. This study investigated the synergistic effects of BTMS design and control strategies on both thermal performance and energy utilization of its own. A multiphysics-based model was developed, featuring an 18,650 Lithium-ion battery module with curved cooling channels, to systematically evaluate the impact of cooling channel width and warping angle, inlet coolant temperature and velocity, and charging rate on system performance and efficiency. To further expedite the design optimization process, a Gaussian process (GP)-based surrogate model was implemented. An uncertainty quantification analysis was subsequently performed to validate the robustness of the optimized designs against stochastic variations. The findings indicate that the channel width and coolant velocity play a pivotal role in enhancing BTMS efficiency. Through a rigorous multi-objective optimization process, the energy efficiency was improved by 126 %, while maintaining battery temperatures below 28.4 °C and coolant pressure drops under 3.6 kPa. The integration of multiphysics simulation and machine learning assisted optimization technique represents a pioneering step forward in the development of sophisticated and efficient BTMS solutions for future electric vehicles.

Molten salt synthesis of MnO2/Mn2O3 composite as a high-performance cathode material for rechargeable button zinc‑manganese ultra-high temperature battery

Herein, a novel rechargeable button zinc‑manganese ultra-high temperature battery is first reported for the efficient utilization and conversion of thermal and electrical energy. The battery system uses zinc anode, Zn-K-Cl molten salt electrolyte and MnO2/Mn2O3 composite cathode to work at 300 °C. In this study, MnO2/Mn2O3 composites were synthesized by molten salt method, and the crystal structure of the materials was adjusted by adding reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The results showed that the spherical nanoparticles and nanobelts of MnO2/Mn2O3 composite cathode materials increased the active sites and ion transport channels of the electrochemical reaction, thus providing high coulombic efficiency. By modifying with rGO, the MnO2/Mn2O3 (Mn-O-2) composite cathode material exhibits excellent electrochemical performance in the button zinc‑manganese ultra-high temperature battery. The as-prepared button ultra-high temperature battery exhibits a relatively high specific capacity (300 and 175 mAh g−1 at 1 mA cm−2 and 30 mA cm−2) and competent cyclability (> 95 % coulombic efficiency after 50 cycles). This work firstly and systematically reveals the role of the Mn cathode materials and shows that the application in button molten salt batteries.

Magnetically assembled flexible phase change composites with vertically aligned structures for thermal management and electromagnetic interference shielding

Phase change material (PCM) is promising in achieving zero-energy thermal management because of its prominent thermal storage capacity and steady phase-change temperature. However, low intrinsic thermal conductivity (TC), liquid leak, and solid rigidity are long-standing bottlenecks for heat-related applications. Here, we report an innovative dual-encapsulation strategy to develop multifunctional phase change composite (FMP) with vertically aligned NdFeB@Ag arrays and styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene (SEPS) crosslinked network in paraffin (PA). The NdFeB@Ag arrays induced by magnetic-field driven procedure can offer the consecutive/oriented highways for efficient heat-transfer, and an electric/magnetic heterostructure for electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency (EMI SE). The flexible SEPS block copolymer not only ensures the high flexibility of PCM, but also combines with oriented NdFeB@Ag arrays for dual encapsulating PA. This multifunctional FMP can achieve high TC of 2.59 W m−1 K−1, attractive EMI SE of 35.42 dB, prominent enthalpy density of 120 J g−1, and impressive Joule heating performance, together with leakage-proof, dynamic assembly, and salient charging/discharging durability. Furthermore, the FMP-supported device is demonstrated for thermal energy harvesting and utilization. This dual-encapsulation design opens a new avenue for exploiting multifunctional PCMs for thermal management, anti-EM radiation, and low-grade exhaust heat utilization.

Analysis of the influence of asymmetric V-shaped fins on the melting of phase change materials in latent heat storage units

Improving the melting performance of latent heat storage devices is highly important for achieving efficient utilization of thermal energy. To achieve this goal, this paper proposes an innovative thermal storage unit with asymmetric V-shaped fins. The influence of structural parameters including eccentricity, fin angle, height and shape on the melting process of phase change materials is analysed. The results show that compared with concentric tubes without eccentricity, when the eccentricity is increased to the point where the bottom fins are in contact with the outer tube, the total melting time is shortened by 33.56%, and the average heat storage rate is increased by 32.95%. At the same time, increasing the angle and height of the top branch fins can strengthen the natural convection in the heat storage unit and shorten the total melting time by 13.54%. It is worth noting that changing the upper-side branch fin parameters has little effect on the melting process. In addition, when the shape of the branch fins constituting the V-shaped fin changes from rectangular to trapezoidal, the total melting time decreases by 3.11%. In summary, the use of asymmetric V-shaped fins can improve the melting performance and heat storage performance of eccentric heat storage units, and changing the fin shape can further shorten the total melting time and increase the average heat storage rate.

Experimental study on convection heat transfer properties in rough-walled fractures of granite: The effect of fracture roughness

The fracture-dominated convection heat transfer behavior is commonly involved in the development, utilization and storage of thermal energy in fractured rock engineering. An experimental system assembled by a peristaltic pump drive, a liquid preheater and an electric blast drying oven is developed to quantify the effect of fracture roughness on the convection heat transfer characteristics. The overall heat transfer coefficient (OHTC) and the amount of heat transfer quantity from six fracture samples with different inlet temperatures and flow rates are calculated by the data acquisition at five observation points. In general, the average convective heat transfer efficiency between water and rock decreases gradually with time, and then enters a stage of thermal equilibrium while the temperatures at the five observation points become constant. The increasing flow rate can lead to the gradual increase of the OHTC and the slowdown of its growth rate. The OHTC is negatively correlated with the inlet temperature. With the increase of fracture surface roughness, the dominant flow effect is significantly enhanced, which leads to the weakening of heat transfer characteristics and the gradual reduction of OHTC. Finally, the heat transfer quantity decreases with the increase of roughness, and exists an inflection point with the flow rate.

A novel vacuum-photovoltaic glazing integrated thermoelectric cooler/warmer for environmental adaptation: thermal performance modelling

Vacuum-photovoltaic glazing, renowned for exceptional thermal insulation and solar energy utilization, faces limitations in its adaptability to varying seasons. While it effectively reduces heat transmission into indoor spaces during summer, it becomes detrimental during winter. To address this challenge, this study introduces an innovative solution: vacuum-photovoltaic-thermoelectric (VPT) glazing, which integrates vacuum, photovoltaic and thermoelectric cooling/warming technologies. The theoretical models were developed and validated through WINDOW and Fluent simulations. A comparative analysis is conducted considering thermal performance under various environmental parameters. The results demonstrate that VPT glazing exhibits enhanced thermal performance, with interior glass temperature decreased by 3.0–9.6oC in summer while increased by 2.5–6.2oC in winter, accounting for ∼55.0 % reduction in air-conditioning load. Compared to vacuum-photovoltaic glazing, VPT glazing reduces the coupling U-value from 7.88 to 5.87 W m−2 K−1 in summer and increases from −0.31 to 2.61 W m−2 K−1 in winter. The solar heat gain coefficient decreases from 0.37 to 0.30 in summer and increases from 0.24 to 0.29 in winter. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of VPT glazing in adapting to different seasons and achieving better thermal environment performance. This study provides insights into VPT glazing design for environmental adaptation and offers implications for future research and applications in energy-efficient building technologies.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ РОЗРОБКИ ТА ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ АВТОМАТИЗОВАНОГО ЕНЕРГОЕФЕКТИВНОГО КЕРУВАННЯ ТЕПЛОНАСОСНИМИ СИСТЕМАМИ МЕТОДАМИ КОМП’ЮТЕРНОГО ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТУ

The development of energy-efficient indoor management systems, involving the current engineering and technical solutions to control and optimize energy consumption, is both relevant and promising area. This allows addressing the issues of saving energy resources; improving energy efficiency; and strengthening energy independence. The use of geothermal heat pumps and air conditioning systems with heat utilization are the advanced areas for the development of energy-efficient technologies in the construction sector. The paper concerns the study of technical-functional and energy characteristics, and parameters of a residential building heat supply system with integrated automated control means by synthesizing computer-oriented and computer-integrated models of heating and air conditioning systems using a geothermal heat pump and a thermal accumulator which will increase the energy efficiency of the building and optimize the use of thermal energy throughout the year. The object of study is the processes of accumulation, distribution and utilization of thermal energy in heating and air conditioning systems. The subject of the study is computer-aided models of indoor heat supply including a geothermal heat pump, a thermal accumulator and a radiator heating system as well as an air conditioning system with the possibility of heat utilization. The main scientific and practical effect of the obtained results is the development of computer-oriented models of indoor heating and air conditioning systems which, unlike the previously known ones, implement adaptive heat utilization to the heat accumulator for hot water supply needs. Further promising research in the areas will expand and deepen the scientific substantiation of software and hardware solutions aimed at improving the energy efficiency of heat engineering industrial and household facilities and processes.

Removal of impurities accumulated on the surface of nanosecond laser-treated Titanium

Due to the efficient utilization of thermal energy by the interfacial evaporation, more and more research is attempting to apply it to concentrate wastewater. However, photothermal materials tend to accumulate impurities on their surface during the concentration process, which affects their subsequent use and requires periodic removal. Acidic, ultrasonic, and heated water cleansing methods are used to remove impurities from the surface of nanosecond laser-treated titanium (NLTI). Both acidic and ultrasonic cleansing are effective in removing impurities without damaging the micro-nano structure on the surface. After undergoing acidic cleansing, NLTI exhibits an evaporation rate of 1.25 kg/m2/h, which is 86.2% of its original performance. Similarly, after ultrasonic cleansing, NLTI exhibits an evaporation rate of 1.24 kg/m2/h, which is 82.6% of its original performance. It is worth noting that even after undergoing multiple cleansing cycles, both acidic, and ultrasonic cleansing maintain stable evaporation rates. Additionally, these cleaning methods are straightforward to implement, offering safeguard for the engineering application of solar thermal materials.

Robust and Superhydrophobic Polydimethylsiloxane/Ni@Ti3C2Tx Nanocomposite Coatings with Assembled Eyelash-Like Microstructure Array: A New Approach for Effective Passive Anti-Icing and Active Photothermal Deicing.

To solve the problem of ice condensation and adhesion, it is urgent to develop new anti-icing and deicing technologies. This study presented the development of a highly efficient photothermal-enhanced superhydrophobic PDMS/Ni@Ti3C2Tx composite film (m-NMPA) fabricated cost-effectively and straightforwardly. This film was fabricated utilizing PDMS as a hydrophobic agent, adhesive, and surface protector, while Ni@Ti3C2Tx as a magnetic photothermal filler innovatively. Through a simple spraying method, the filler is guided by a strong magnetic field to self-assemble into an eyelash-like microstructure array. The unique structure not only imparts superhydrophobic properties to the surface but also constructs an efficient "light-capturing" architecture. Remarkably, the m-NMPA film demonstrates outstanding superhydrophobic passive anti-icing and efficient photothermal active deicing performance without the use of fluorinated chemicals. The micro-/nanostructure of the film forms a gas layer, significantly delaying the freezing time of water. Particularly under extreme cold conditions (-30 °C), the freezing time is extended by a factor of 7.3 compared to the bare substrate. Furthermore, under sunlight exposure, surface droplets do not freeze. The excellent photothermal performance is attributed to the firm anchoring of nickel particles on the MXene surface, facilitating effective "point-to-face" photothermal synergy. The eyelash-like microarray structure enhances light-capturing capability, resulting in a high light absorption rate of 98%. Furthermore, the microstructure aids in maintaining heat at the uppermost layer of the surface, maximizing the utilization of thermal energy for ice melting and frost thawing. Under solar irradiation, the m-NMPA film can rapidly melt approximately a 4 mm thick ice layer within 558 s and expel the melted water promptly, reducing the risk of secondary icing. Additionally, the ice adhesion force on the surface of the m-NMPA film is remarkably low, with an adhesion strength of approximately 4.7 kPa for a 1 × 1 cm2 ice column. After undergoing rigorous durability tests, including xenon lamp weathering test, pressure resistance test, repeated adhesive tape testing, xenon lamp irradiation, water drop impact testing, and repeated brushing with hydrochloric acid and particles, the film's surface structure and superhydrophobic performance have remained exceptional. The photothermal superhydrophobic passive anti-icing and active deicing technology in this work rely on sustainable solar energy for efficient heat generation. It presents broad prospects for practical applications with advantages such as simple processing method, environmental friendliness, outstanding anti-icing effects, and exceptional durability.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BAWANG MERAH TERHADAP PENURUNAN PANAS PADA BALITA DI KLINIK PRATAMA BERTHA PASAR IV MABAR HILIR TAHUN 2023

hyperthermia > 37.5. The thermal effect of shallots is based on the utilization of thermal energy through conduction and evaporation, or insulation from other objects through direct contact. The aim is to carry out midwifery care by providing intervention and observation by applying the red onion technique to reducing heat in toddlers at the Pratama Bertha Pasar IV Mabar Hilir clinic in 2023. There This is a pre-treatment test and a post-treatment test that can be more accurately identified and compared to the pre-treatment test. This research activity aims to determine sthe effect of giving crushed shallots To lower the body temperature of a febrile infant. Result is, 15 respondents after being given the Crush of Shallots, most of the Toddlers experienced a decrease in body temperature, namely as many as 13 respondents (86.7%).Conclusion: This can be seen from the research results as many as 15 toddlers with fever before being given shallots had an average increase in heat of 15 respondents (100) while after being given shallots experienced an average increase in temperature of 2 respondents (1.13) Keywords: Shallots, Toddlers, Fever

Mineral‐based Composite Phase Change Materials Assembled into 3D Ordered Aerogels for Efficient Wearable Filtration and Thermal Management

AbstractThe emerging concept of aerogel composite phase change materials (PCMs) represents a promising approach for thermal energy storage and utilization. However, the thermal storage aerogels currently reported usually lack essential aerogel properties, thereby constraining their potential for functional design and advanced applications. Herein, multifunctional thermal storage aerogels with aerogel characteristics and thermoregulation performance are prepared by chemically crosslinking and unidirectional freezing to make functionalized mineral‐based composite PCMs as cavity walls. Thanks to the cross–linked continuous skeleton and retained hierarchical porous, this novel thermal storage aerogel possesses an 89.7% porosity and demonstrates excellent resilience under 80% compression. As the PCMs in the cavity walls can convert phonon transport modes through phase transitions, the thermal storage aerogel has enhanced thermal insulation properties, reaching a thermal conductivity of 29.6 mW m−1 K−1. Drawing upon the multifunctional properties of thermal storage aerogels, it is demonstrated that thermal storage masks with thermal comfort and health protection, as well as passive thermal management wrist guards capable of harnessing solar radiation for temperature regulation. This work encompasses the exploration of novel approaches in developing advanced thermal management materials to cater to the diverse thermal regulation requirements of PCMs across various domains.