Thermal Conversion Technology Research Articles

Enhancing biofuel production in hydrothermal liquefaction of cassava rhizome through alkaline catalyst application and water-soluble product recirculation

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) possesses an outstanding biomass thermal conversion technology for producing biocrude oil (BO). Here, cassava rhizome (CR) was converted into BO via catalytic HTL using 1.0–10.0 wt% of K2CO3 and Na2CO3 with water-soluble product (WSP) recirculation at 275 °C for 15 min. The catalysts and WSP recirculation could enhance the BO fuel properties. The dominant BO yield of 38.00 and 34.80 wt% and HHV of 25.42 and 25.92 Mj/kg were derived using 4.0 wt% of K2CO3 and Na2CO3, respectively. Chemical compositions of the BO were principally phenols and hydrocarbons, which can be further upgraded and fractionated into alternative biofuels. On the other hand, the mass yield and HHV of the hydrochar (HC) co-product were reduced by the alkaline catalysts, while being maintained by WSP recirculation. The HC fuel characterization elucidated that the HC can be used as an alternative to coal. Furthermore, WSP characterization determined that organic acids were the major composition of the WSP. Thus, WSP recirculation can enhance CR decomposition according to the proposed reaction mechanism. These results indicate that the alkaline application and WSP recirculation constitute a dominant method for enhancing biofuel production via HTL.

DFT analysis of Cs2NaBiCl6, Cs2NaBiBr6, and Cs2NaBiI6 perovskites for optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications

In this theoretical study, we examined the structural, electronic, optical, elastic, and thermoelectric properties of Cs2NaBiX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) halide double perovskites. The calculated formation energies are negative, affirming the stability of these compounds and their suitability for experimental synthesis. Our investigation has revealed the presence of strong covalent bonds within the [Bi/NaX6] clusters. The electronic properties demonstrate the indirect bandgap of 1.94, 3.15, and 3.24 eV for Cs2NaBiI6, Cs2NaBiBr6, and Cs2NaBiCl6, respectively, calculated using modified Becke-Johnson potential plus spin–orbit coupling (mBJ + SOC) approximation. In the visible spectrum, Cs2NaBiI6, Cs2NaBiBr6, and Cs2NaBiCl6 exhibit average rate transmittance of 53 %, 83 %, and 84 %, respectively. The absorption spectrum, extending from visible to ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths, reaches 25 × 104/cm in the case of the iodine-based perovskite. The thermoelectric characteristics, involving Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and power factor, demonstrate the use of these perovskites as a suitable for solar cells and solar thermal energy conversion technologies.

Cost-efficient sunlight-driven thermoelectric electrolysis over Mo-doped Ni5P4 nanosheets for highly efficient alkaline water/seawater splitting

Thermoelectric water spitting to hydrogen systems has great potential in the production of environment-friendly fuel using renewable solar energy in the future. In this work, we prepared porous nanosheet Mo doping Ni5P4 catalysts on nickel foam with efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance in alkaline media. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and experimental studies have shown that Mo doping deadeneds the interaction between H and O atomic orbitals of transition state water molecules, effectively weakening the activation energy of H2O dissociation. Therefore, Mo doping is favorable for enhancing HER activity with overpotential at 10 mA cm–2 of 93 mV and Tafel slope of 40.1 mV dec–1 in 1 M KOH. Besides, it exhibits high alkaline OER activity with an ultra-low overpotential of 200 mV at 10 mA cm–2. Moreover, this catalyst only needs 1.537 V in a dual-electrode configuration of the electrolytic cell, which is much lower than the commercial Pt/C-RuO2 couple (1.614 V). In addition, we have developed and constructed a solar thermoelectric generator (TEG) that is capable of floating on water. This TEG has a continuous power output and an exceptionally long lifespan, providing a stable power supply to the synthesized catalyst electrolyzer. It can produce a maximum power output of over 90 mW, meeting the requirement of converting solar radiation heat into usable electricity. As a result, the system achieves productivity of 0.11 mL min–1 H2. This solar thermal energy conversion technology shows the possibility of large-scale industrial production of H2 and provides a new idea for exploring heat source utilization.

Biosolids management and utilizations: A review

Biosolids, derived from wastewater treatment processes, have garnered increasing attention as a valuable resource due to their rich organic and inorganic constituents, which can be beneficially utilized in multiple sectors, including agriculture, civil engineering, and energy recovery. The present review article begins by providing an overview of biosolids, including their production methods and classification based on treatment processes. Subsequently, the chemical composition of biosolids is explored, highlighting the diverse array of organic and inorganic components present. The characterization techniques employed for analyzing biosolids, such as spectroscopy, chromatography, and microscopy, are thoroughly discussed, emphasizing their role in determining the quality and suitability of biosolids for different applications. Furthermore, the environmental impacts associated with biosolids disposal are extensively examined. This includes the potential risks posed by heavy metals, pathogens, and emerging contaminants, as well as strategies for mitigating these risks through proper treatment and management practices. In addition to environmental considerations, the article explores the various products that can be derived from biosolids. These include organic matter-rich soil amendments for agricultural applications, inorganic nutrient supplements for enhancing plant growth, and the potential for energy recovery through anaerobic digestion and thermal conversion technologies. The utilization of biosolids in civil engineering projects, such as landfill capping and construction materials, is promising. Land application of biosolids also can have economic and waste management benefits (e.g., conservation of landfill space; reduced demand on non-renewable resources like phosphorus; and a reduced demand for synthetic fertilizers).

CO2 utilization for methanol production: a review on the safety concerns and countermeasures.

The catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide is one of the important ways to achieve the goal of carbon neutralization, which can be further divided into electrocatalysis, thermal catalysis, and photocatalysis. Although photocatalysis and electrocatalysis have the advantages of mild reaction conditions and low energy consumption, the thermal catalytic conversion of CO2 has larger processing capacity, better reduction effect, and more complete industrial foundation, which is a promising technology in the future. During the development of new technology from laboratory to industrial application, ensuring the safety of production process is essential. In this work, safety optimization design of equipment, safety performance of catalysts, accident types, and their countermeasures in the industrial applications of CO2 to methanol are reviewed and discussed in depth. Based on that, future research demands for industrial process safety of CO2 to methanol were proposed, which provide guidance for the large-scale application of CO2 thermal catalytic conversion technology.

Quantifying the removal of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in physical, chemical, and biological sludge treatment systems

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) are priority contaminants historically used as flame retardants. PBDEs are known to occur in wastewater biosolids posing potential concerns with the beneficial land application of the biosolids. This study evaluated the removal of 21 congeners in nine full-scale sludge treatment systems including pelletization (P), alkaline stabilization (AS), and aerobic (AE) and anaerobic (AN) digestion. It is the first study to conduct a mass balance analysis of a broad spectrum of PBDEs during physical, chemical, and biological sludge treatment. The PBDE congener pattern in raw sludge and biosolids samples was consistent with commercial formulations. The fully brominated congener BDE-209 dominated biosolids from all sites with an average concentration of 620 ng/g dry weight (dw), followed by BDE-99 (173 ng/g dw) and BDE-47 (162 ng/g dw). Mass balance analysis on the P and AS processes showed no change in PBDE mass flows with treatment. However, aerobic and anaerobic digestion processes reported significant levels of removal and formation of individual congeners, though the results were not consistent between facilities. One aerobic digestion process (AE2) reported an overall average removal of 48%, whereas the other (AE1) reported very high levels of accumulation of tri- and tetraBDE congeners. Similarly, there were significant variations in PBDE behavior across the five anaerobic digestion plants studied. The plant with the longest solids retention time (SRT) (AN1) reported a moderate removal (50%) of overall PBDE loading and lower congeners, whereas other plants (AN2-AN5) showed significant low (−19%) to high (−166%) levels of formation of lower congeners. The results suggest that reduced SRTs result in formation of lower congeners while extended SRTs can lead to moderate removal of some PBDEs. Conventional sludge treatment result in low to moderate PBDE removal and advanced thermal conversion technologies may be needed to improve the contaminant removal during sludge treatment.

Counter electrode dependence of germanium-sensitized thermal cells

Semiconductor-sensitized thermal cells (STCs), which generate electricity by converting the photoexcitation of dyes in a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) into thermal excitation in a semiconductor, have attracted attention as a new thermal energy conversion technology. This paper examines the role of the counter electrode (CE) on the STC battery characteristics. The results suggest that, similar to DSSCs, the chemical stability, surface resistance, and electron transfer resistance at the CE/electrolyte interface affect the performance of STCs. The similarities between STCs and DSSCs partly shown in this manuscript indicate that the scientific arguments of DSSCs may be applicable to the STC discussion.

Metallurgical slag modified monolayer graphene hybrid SA-based composite phase change materials for high thermal conductivity

Phase change materials are thermal energy storage materials with high heat storage density, low temperature loss and long cycle life. However, they also show a weak light absorption ability and low thermal conductivity, limiting their applicability for solar thermal conversion and storage technologies. In this paper, in order to improve the relatively low thermal conductivity of stearic acid and enhance its thermal conductivity, SGC-T composites with enhanced thermal conductivity were prepared using metallurgical slag, via the melt blending method. The SEM and EDS, surface scanning tests, were used to determine the morphology characteristics of the composite phase change materials and verify the addition of metallurgical slag. The physical phase composition, structure, and absorption coefficients were analyzed by XRD, FT-IR, and UV-Vis-NIR analyses. The thermophysical properties were analyzed by DSC. The thermal stability was explored using TG testing. The thermal conductivity was explored by measuring the thermal conductivity coefficient value of the samples at the testing temperature of 25 ℃ using the hot disk method/transient flat plate heat source method. The heat storage and exothermic capabilities of the samples were evaluated by the photo-thermal warming system/infrared thermography test. The results showed that the thermal conductivity of SGC was 0.663 W·(m·K)−1, and that of SGC-2 T, SGC-6 T, SGC-10 T, SGC-14 T, were 0.695 W·(m·K)−1, 0.758 W·(m·K)−1, 0.824 W·(m·K)−1 and 0.872 W·(m·K)−1, respectively, which are comparable to SGC. Compared with SGC, the thermal conductivity values of the four composite phase change materials increased by 4.8%, 14.3%, 24.3%, and 31.5%, respectively. SGC-14 T has the best heat transfer performance, which significantly improves the heat transfer performance during latent heat storage and release. Therefore, the SGC-14 T material reported in this work is a promising candidate in the field of energy-saving conversion, and further expands the applicability of phase change materials.

Performance enhancement of the combined power-refrigeration cycle using a liquid-gas-gas ejector for ocean thermal energy conversion

The practical implementation of ocean thermal energy conversion technology faces constraints due to the low temperature differentials, resulting in limited energy conversion efficiency. This research introduces a novel combined power-refrigeration cycle that utilizes a hybrid liquid-gas-gas ejector to amplify the conversion efficiency. The gas extracted from the turbine is employed as auxiliary fluid within the liquid-gas-gas nozzle, effectively countering the low ejection coefficient associated with conventional liquid-gas ejectors. To elucidate the mechanism behind the liquid-gas-gas ejection process involving an ammonia-water-based absorption working fluid, a comprehensive fluid flow model for ejector is developed. This model facilitates the clarification of the non-equilibrium phase transition process occurring within the ejector. Parametric analysis was conducted to assess cycle performance under various operating conditions. The results show the innovative cycle can attain power/refrigeration efficiencies of 1.58 %/17.45 % while maintaining a refrigeration temperature of −18 °C. Performance comparisons indicate that the proposed liquid-gas-gas ejector based cycle reduces the minimum refrigeration temperature by 20.5 % in contrast to the cycle employing only the liquid-gas ejector, all while preserving power output. Furthermore, despite a mere 26 °C temperature difference, the refrigeration capacity of this cycle significantly outperforms those operating at greater temperature differentials. These findings demonstrate a substantial enhancement in the refrigeration and power capabilities of ocean thermal energy conversion.

Evolution of structure and pyrolysis characteristics of coal tar residue after extraction

Coal tar residue (CTR) is a type of hazardous waste with potential utilization value. Pyrolysis is a promising thermal conversion technology, and a comprehensive knowledge regarding the pyrolysis behavior of CTR is crucial. In this study, the extract fraction (ECTR) and solid residual fraction (RCTR) of CTR are separated by toluene Soxhlet extraction. The structure features and pyrolysis characteristics of raw CTR, ECTR, and RCTR are investigated. The results shows that the ECTR is primarily composed of small molecule aromatics, aliphatic and aromatics with long alkyl side chains, branched alkyl or alicyclic structures. The condensed macromolecular aromatic carbon skeleton is remained in RCTR with some of the oxygenated structures exposed. The low volatile content and high aromaticity results in high thermal stability of RCTR, while the high fixed carbon content and carbonization product yield demonstrates its potential for high value-added applications. When postulated by Z(α) master plot, the reaction-order model fit best with the pyrolysis experimental data of CTR and its isolates. Both the Coats-Redfern (CR) model and Arrhenius model validate the reaction-order mechanism. The kinetic analyses reveals that the reaction order, activation energy and pre-exponential factor for RCTR all increased after extraction.

Efficient solar thermal energy utilization and storage based on phase change materials stabilized by MOF@CuO composites

Solar thermal conversion technology employing phase change composites is an available strategy for solar thermal energy utilization and storage. In this work, a novel metal-organic framework (MOF)-based phase change composites were successfully constructed through vacuum impregnation method. The stearic acid (SA) was served as phase change materials, and the SA-modified MOF (HS) with CuO derived from MOF (HS@CuO composites) was assembled to be support materials, which composed the SA/HS@CuO phase change composites. HS@CuO composites could well prevent the SA leakage over phase change point and endowed the phase change composites outstanding form stability (SA loading rate: 71.8 %) and thermal storage ability (ΔHm: 158.24 J/g). Furthermore, the SA/HS@CuO possessed greatly strengthened thermal conductivity (improved by 3.8 times over SA) and extraordinary solar thermal conversion performance (η: 95.9 %). These results powerfully suggest that the innovative phase change composites own promising potentials in not only solar energy utilization and development but also thermal storage and management fields.

A DFT insight into magnetic, optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties of h-Zn1-xCuxS monolayer

In this study, we used the density functional theory (DFT) method to analyze the effect of Cu insertion on the structural stability, electronic, magnetic, optical and thermoelectric properties of the hexagonal ZnS monolayer (h-ZnS-2D). Our findings show that Cu replaces zinc sites by giving a stable planar structure in Ferromagnetic (FM) phase with slight decrease in the lattice parameter. A p-type semiconductor with a direct band gap that decreases with increasing Cu concentration was obtained. The half-metallic character found for low Cu concentrations let consider the h-Zn1-xCuxS-2D for potential applications in spintronic devices. The optical properties show that the h-Zn1-xCuxS-2D monolayers have high absorption and low transmittance in the UV range. The improved figure of merit of h-Zn1-xCuxS-2D due to increased electrical conductivity and decreased thermal conductivity with Cu content, makes these nanostructures a promising absorber for thin-film solar cells and suitable for solar thermal energy conversion technologies.

Optimization of distribution networks for water and energy in isolated regions: A multi-objective approach incorporating ocean thermal energy conversion technologies

The limited resources and increased vulnerability to climate change and environmental degradation in isolated regions such as islands and archipelagos make the development of sustainable technologies for water and energy provision a crucial factor in addressing resource scarcity and mitigating anthropogenic impact. This work presents a multi-objective optimization analysis incorporating an Open Cycle Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OC-OTEC) plant in the water and energy distribution networks of an isolated region. The optimization considers three interrelated objectives: economic viability measured by annual profit, environmental sustainability reflected in reduced CO2 emissions and aquifer water usage, and social impact through job creation. The optimization results demonstrate the positive impact of integrating the OC-OTEC plant into the Tahiti distribution network, achieving an optimal configuration that balances economic, environmental, and social considerations. Finally, the proposed model is applied to Tahiti of French Polynesia as a case study.

Study on the influence of different side chain structures on the pyrolysis behavior of polyolefin plastic wastes

As an important component of organic solid wastes, disposal of plastic wastes (PWs) has always been a thorny issue. Thermochemical conversion is an efficient method. In-depth research on the influence of structural differences on their pyrolysis behavior is beneficial to promote the development of thermal treatment and conversion technology of PWs. The differences in the chemical structure of different polyolefin plastics at the molecule level are mainly reflected in their side chains. Herein, a series of typical polyolefin plastics with similar backbone structure and different side chain structures, including high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), were selected for comprehensive pyrolysis characterization in this work. Advanced experimental analysis methods such as in-situ DRIFT and 2D-PCIS were adopted to investigate the evolution of two weak oxygen-containing side chains during pyrolysis of PVA and EVA, respectively. Besides, typical product distribution of six samples were systematically studied by combining SVUV-PIMS and GC/MS. Spectral analysis showed that OH side chain in macromolecular structure of PVA had the weakest thermal stability, and its oxidation reaction occurred earlier than dissociation and dehydration, while the acetoxy side chain in EVA polymers could not only be directly dissociated via deacetoxylation, but also be transformed into OH side chain via deacetylation that occurred simultaneously with deacetoxylation. Further combined with SVUV-PIMS and GC/MS, the distribution characteristics of pyrolysis products of polyolefin plastics and the rules of generation and release of typical products with temperature were obtained in detail. It was found that the release of typical oxygen-containing products was earlier or slightly earlier than the release of hydrocarbons in pyrolysis of PVA or EVA. However, the release of all hydrocarbons was almost simultaneous during the respective pyrolysis process of HDPE, PP and PS, suggesting that the evolution of oxygen-containing side chains with weak thermal stability occurred earlier under the drive of temperature. Based on the characterization results, the main evolution pathways of different side chains were proposed to explain the influence mechanism of different side chain structures on the pyrolysis behavior of polyolefin plastics. The cleavage of CC bonds mainly occurred in HDPE, PP and PS, while the evolution of side chains occurred first in PVC, PVA and EVA, and exerted different influence on the degradation of carbon skeleton.

Opportunities and challenges of ocean thermal energy conversion technology

OPINION article Front. Energy Res., 18 May 2023Sec. Process and Energy Systems Engineering Volume 11 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2023.1207062

Recent Advances and Perspectives of Copyrolysis of Biomass and Organic Solid Waste

Pyrolysis is one of the substantial thermal conversion technologies for high-value reutilization of biomass and organic solid waste (OSW). Adding some typical OSWs to biomass pyrolysis can achieve directional regulation of target products that are considered potential alternatives to fossil energy. Understanding copyrolysis behaviors is vital for the optimizing pyrolysis process to minimize environmental pollution and efficiently utilize biomass and OSW. However, there is no overall review on the copyrolysis of biomass and various OSWs. This paper reviews and discusses recent advances in the copyrolysis mechanism, thermal–chemical processes of some typical OSWs and biomass, and effects of chemical compositions of raw materials and pyrolysis parameters on thermal–chemical conversion behaviors, synergistic effect, and copyrolysis product characteristics. Recent reports show that the synergistic effect in copyrolysis effectively improves the quality of bio-oil and biochar. Moreover, adding OSW to biomass pyrolysis can promote the secondary reaction of pyrolysis intermediates. The reaction mechanism and relative numerical simulation work of copyrolysis are summarized. Finally, the current challenges to energy- and environment-oriented conversion of biomass and OSW are discussed, and perspectives for further developing the copyrolysis process are highlighted. This paper provides valuable information for optimizing sustainable copyrolysis processes of OSW and biomass and improving the efficiency and selectivity of recycled OSW.

Revisiting China's domestic greenhouse gas emission from wastewater treatment: A quantitative process life-cycle assessment

The wastewater treatment industry could alleviate water pollution but consume a large amount of energy and resources. China has over 5000 centralized domestic wastewater treatment plants and produces an unignorable amount of greenhouse gases (GHG). By considering the wastewater treatment, wastewater discharge, and sludge disposal processes, and employing the modified process-based quantification method, this study quantifies wastewater treatment's on-site and off-site GHG emissions across China. Results showed that the total GHG emission was 67.07 Mt CO2-eq in 2017, with approximately 57% of on-site emissions. The top seven cosmopolis and metropolis (top 1%) emitted nearly 20% of the total GHG emission, while their emission intensity was relatively low due to the huge population. This means that a high urbanization rate may be a feasible way to mitigate GHG emissions in the wastewater treatment industry in the future. Furthermore, GHG reduction strategies can also focus on process optimization and improvement at WWTPs as well as the nationwide promotion of onsite thermal conversion technologies for sludge management.

Effect of various metallic nanoparticles on plasmon-enhanced solar absorption efficiency.

Solar thermal conversion technology has attracted significant attention because it ensures sustainable and modern clean energy generation. The usage of plasmonic nanofluids as the working media is a useful strategy to collect solar energy. In this study, the optical properties of various individual nanospheres (NPs) and nanorods (NRs)--Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Pb, Ti, Li, and Al--and their effect on the solar absorption efficiency factor (SAEF) with a solar wavelength between 300nm and 1100nm are determined using COMSOL Multiphysics software. For NPs, the SAEF is divided into three parts. In the first part with a radius lower than 35nm, an Li NP has the highest SAEF of 1.3992. In the second part, with a radius between 35nm and 50nm, the Au and Cu NPs have the highest SAEFs of 1.1963 and 1.2469, respectively. In the third part, with a radius between 50nm and 90nm, the maximum SAEFs of Fe (1.5682 at radius of 75nm), Pt (1.4914 at radius of 90nm), Ti (1.4348 at radius of 75nm), and Mn (1.4614 at radius of 75nm) can be obtained. Compared to NPs, the SAEF of an NR greatly depends on the aspect ratio (AR) and the effective radius (r e f f ). We observe that the SAEFs of Ag, Al, Au, Cu, Fe Mg, Mn, Mo, and Ti NRs are much stronger than that of corresponding NPs with the same r e f f . The results obtained from the present study provide fundamental information and guidelines to choose optimal NPs for enhancements in solar energy harvesting.

Biochar influence on the development of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and acidity of soddy-podzolic soil in Western Siberia

The paper purpose was to establish the effect of applying biochar obtained from various organic wastes of agriculture (cow manure, straw), woodworking (pine sawdust) and food industry (pine nut shell), which are typical of Western Siberia, on the morphometric characteristics of plants (using spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as the example) and the soddy-podzolic soil properties. The assessment of biochar influence was performed by a series of vegetation experiments using climatic chambers. As a result, it was found that the introduction of all the noted biochar types into the soil layer leads to a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the morphometric characteristics of spring wheat. For example, when applying the straw biochar to the soil, it results in growing the plant height to the node by 19%, while the number of leaves increased by 8% compared to the control variant. The introduction of biochar from manure leads to the increased length of the spring wheat root by 35%. Moreover, straw and manure biochars contribute to the reduction of soil acidity (increase in pH values from 7.1 to 7.4 and 7.8, respectively). The results of the comprehensive analysis indicate that the agronomic advantages of application of biochars obtained from wheat straw and cattle manure are better compared to biochars from pine sawdust and pine nut shells, which is due to higher concentration of nutrients and substances with alkaline reaction (carbonates and oxides) in the former. The results obtained are useful from the point of view of assessing the environmental risks when applying biochar ameliorants in soils typical of the boreal bioclimatic zone. Subsequent experiments, including studies of the joint application of biochars and fertilizers to the soil, will make it possible to develop recommendations for applying the thermal conversion technology for recycling the regional organic waste into ameliorants that improve soil quality and increase its fertility.

Comparison of synchronous generators for autonomous gasoline installation system

There are many power plants like thermal, solar, hydro, nuclear etc. but there are some disadvantage of it like CO2 emission pollution, problem of global warming requirement of fuels cost etc. To avoid such factors we developed system is biomass power plant to meet the demands of electricity and environment concern day by day price of fuels that fact to which motivate to use renewable energy. Biomass is renewable in nature, carbon neutral and has the potential to provide large productive employment in rural areas. It is considered as one of the promising sources for generation of power / energy using commercially available thermal and biological conversion technologies. The fossil fuels are depleting very fast, it is very important to replace fossil fuels with best alternative fuel modes which will be available for requirement in abundance at the same time if it is ready at one’s disposal is a eminent balance to the environment. The sanctification for this need is the bio mass power plant; on finding the major advantage of bio mass power plant is the fuel which is agricultural waste (rice husk, wood, etc.) segregation available in unnumbered tons around the world. It is very important to utilize this in the context of energy. It is also found that the sulphur content in the biomass is very less when compared with coal. The wood fuels contains very little ash (-1% or less), so increasing the ratio of wood in biomass coal blends can reduce the amount of ash that must be disposed. In biomass power plants, wood waste or other waste is burned to produce steam that runs a turbine to make electricity, or that provides heat to industries and homes. Fortunately, new technologies including pollution controls and combustion engineering have advanced to the point that any emissions from burning biomass in industrial facilities are generally less than emissions produced when using fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, oil), biomass is burned in a combustor or furnace to generate hot gas, which is fed into a boiler to generate steam, which is expanded through a steam turbine or steam engine to produce mechanical or electrical energy. In this paper were performed comparison of traditional synchronous generator with electromagnetic excitation and permanent magnet generator for autonomous gasoline installation system.