IntroductionProstate cancer (PC)11Prostate cancer - PC is the second most common cancer among men around the world. Several smaller studies have explored the relationship between elevated PSA and mortality, but results have been conflicting. Additionally, studies have shown that Black men are more likely to be diagnosed with PC at late-stages and may have a twofold increase in mortality risk. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between PSA levels and mortality in patients with PC and differences between Black vs White patients. MethodsIn this retrospective study, the TriNetX database, was used to extract de-identified EMRs of 198,083 patients. Patients were included if they were diagnosed with PC and had obtained a PSA level (measured in ng/mL) within 6 months prior to diagnosis. Cohorts were separated into 7 groups based on intervals of PSA, ranging from <2 to ≥500 and compared to a control cohort with a PSA of 4-20 for differing 2-year mortality rates. A subgroup analysis was performed to compare mortality differences between Black and White patients. A post-hoc analysis evaluated 5- and 10-year mortality amongst all patients with PC. ResultsAfter propensity matching, mortality risk was significantly lower for patients with PSA <2 (5.9% vs 7.5%; RR 0.784; p<0.001) when compared to the control cohort. Mortality was significantly higher for all other subsequent PSA intervals >20, with the lowest risk ratios at PSA 20-100 (24.1% vs 10.0%; RR 2.419; p<0.001) and highest at PSA 200-500 (50.4% vs 10.8%; RR 4.673; p<0.001). The sub-group analysis showed that when compared to White patients, Black patients with PSA <20 had similar mortalities, but had significantly lower 2-year mortality rates at PSA levels ≥20. The post-hoc analysis of PSA levels and 5- and 10-year mortality of all patients with PC showed similar trends to the 2-year outcomes. ConclusionThis study found that prostate cancer patients with significantly elevated PSA levels have a greater mortality, and Black patients have lower 2-year mortality rates than their White counterparts when matched for PSA levels greater than 20. MicroabstractWithin the domain of genitourinary oncology, this study evaluates prostate specific antigen as a predictive marker for mortality in patients with established prostate cancer. A retrospective cohort study utilizing the TriNetX database was implemented, analyzing 198,083 patients from 01/2003 – 01/2021. We conclude that increased PSA concentration, drawn prior to time of diagnosis, is associated with increased mortality and that Black patients have a lower 2-year mortality rate compared to their White counterparts at elevated PSA concentrations. These results suggest that in addition as its usage as a marker of therapeutic response, PSA levels can also be used to help determine the prognosis of prostate cancer patients.