Theory Of Marxism-Leninism Research Articles

Академик Нодари Симония – последний марксист

The author traces and analyzes the career and activity of Academician Nodari Aleksandrovich Simoniyа (1932–2019), a prominent orientalist and expert in international relations who headed the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2000–2006. The article reveals the formation of the general worldview and academic views of N. Simoniа, assesses his contribution to the study of the East after the collapse of the colonial system and the formation of young independent states. The author acquaints the reader with the views of the Academician on the European, Asian and Russian revolutions, with his approach to understanding the processes of contemporary world development, explains his civil position, both under the Soviet regime and in post-Soviet Russia. N. Simonia combined a detailed knowledge of realities in the Eastern regions he studied – primarily Southeast Asia – with a deep theoretical approach to the study of complex processes in the East after the end of World War II. Over time, the interests of the Academician went beyond the East, to which he devoted several decades of research. At the turn of the 1990s‑2000s, his attention was attracted by the problems of global world development, as well as the development of post-Soviet Russia. All the works of N. Simonia – he published 18 books and dozens of articles in Russian and foreign academic journals – were written by him, as he himself admitted, on the basis of the Marxist methodology. But Simonia’s Marxism had nothing in common with vulgar ideas in Bolsheviks’ teachings of Marx and their “theory of Marxism-Leninism”. At the same time, the Academician criticized not only Stalin and Lenin, but also Marx himself, who succeeded only in deep analysis of contemporary pre-monopoly capitalism. N. Simonia criticized the Soviet model of socialism as well, believing that there has never been any real socialism in the USSR. He was equally critical of the “liberal” turn of the Russian intellectual elite after 1991, blaming its radical faction, which influenced President Boris Yeltsin, for instilling in Russia a model of the “worst”, as he wrote, “the most parasitic version of bureaucratic capitalism”. For Simonia, the latter was associated with Indonesia under Sukarno. But even there, not to mention Japan and South Korea, the business elite has never been antipatriotic, as it happened in modern Russia. In his opinion, the Russian model of capitalism turned out to be unlike either the Western or the Eastern model, and the modernization, which Russia urgently needs, is inseparable from genuine democratization, but should not represent an imitation of democracy, as is the case.

Whether It Is Suitable or Not When the Communist Party of Vietnam and Vietnamese People Follow the Theory of Marxism-Leninism

This article aims to study Marxism-Leninism that the Communist Party of Vietnam and Vietnamese people have chosen as the ideological foundation. In this research, the author uses the analytical, logical, and historically scientific research methods. It affirms that going to communism is the right way. In this study, the author offers the arguments to prove that the way the Communist Party of Vietnam and the Vietnamese people choose for Vietnam's revolution is suitable with the current trend. The author proposes the research hypothesis that Marxism-Leninism is a scientific theory and law. K. Marx and F. Engels discovered the law on the development of human society - the dialectical relationship between production forces and relations, which is the basis for predicting the inevitability of humans to advance to socialism and communism in the future. V. I. Lenin continued to develop the thought of K. Marx and F. Engels in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century in the new condition when capitalism turned to imperialism. President Ho Chi Minh was a typical example of the creative application of Marxism-Leninism in Vietnam's unique circumstances. The application and selection of Marxism-Leninism as an ideological foundation in Vietnam is right.

Soviet Higher Education at the Stage of Mature Socialism: Trends and Prospects

History is the successive movement of human society; it unfolds in the process of the transformational activity of man, in the course of which people realize their actual intentions and goals. To the chief questions [that have been faced by] every epoch-What actual goals are worthy and accessible to mankind? In what direction is the historical process moving, and what are its paths and prospects?-there is now a scientific answer that has affirmed its vitality in the social practice of the masses. This answer is contained in the theory of Marxism-Leninism, and is laid out in the program of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, its strategy and tactics; the Soviet people are guided by it in their creative activity, and it constitutes the foundation for a scientific approach to determining the role of higher education in social progress, and for defining the real prospects for the development of higher education in our country.

Dėl Tarybų Lietuvos socialinės struktūros antikomunistinių falsifikacijų

Straipsnyje analizuojamos lietuvių buržuazinės emigracijos ideologų teiginių apie Tarybų Lietuvos socialinę struktūrą specifinės ypatybės. Jų leidiniuose spausdinami bei komentuojami marksizmo renegatų, dešiniųjų socialistų, radikaliosios krypties sociologų rašiniai, kurie dažniausiai pristatomi kaip marksistiniai. Rašant apie darbininkų klasę socialistinėje Lietuvoje nevengiama faktinės medžiagos iškraipymų, falsifikacijų. Buržuaziniai ideologai labai tendencingai apibūdina socialistinės Lietuvos kaimo gyventojų, miesto ir kaimo santykius, iškreiptai vaizduodami industrializaciją, kolektyvizaciją, kaimo gyventojų migraciją į miestus. Jie kapitalistinių gamybinių santykius realijas mechaniškai bando taikyti socializmui ir pateikia aiškiai tendencingus socialistinio gamybos būdo vertinimus. Visiškai nekreipiamas dėmesys į pagrindinius socialistinės visuomenės bruožus, kurie ją skiria nuo buržuazinės visuomenės ir kurie labiausiai pasireiškia visuomenės socialinėje struktūroje. Socialistinėje visuomenėje dar egzistuojančius klasinius skirtumus siekiama traktuoti kaip socialinius antagonizmus ir vaizduoti juos kaip realaus socializmo raidos tendencijas.

Mao Tse-tung, Ch'en Po-ta and the “Sinification of Marxism,” 1936–38

Mao Tse-tung's proposal in 1938 for the “Sinification of Marxism” remains one of the most intriguing issues in the ideological history of 4 the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Strangely, although this concept is given passing treatment in any number of studies of the Chinese Communist movement, little attempt has been made to subject it to a more detailed historical or theoretical analysis. Broadly, the concept has two interrelated, though distinct, dimensions. In its political aspect, it refers to the specific ways in which the foreign theory of Marxism-Leninism can be adapted to the concrete historical realities of modern China, including the under-development of capitalism, the absence of a large urban proletariat, the central role of the rural peasantry, and so forth. These are difficult problems of political theory, and they have not yet been resolved satisfactorily either in Chinese or western scholarship. Whether Marxism has been truly Sinified in this sense – and whether it has survived the process intact – are highly controversial issues, and I do not propose to deal with them here.

Problems of the School Under the Tenth Five-Year Plan in Light of the Decisions of the Twenty-Fifth Congress of the CPSU

The Twenty-fifth Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), having generalized the great wealth of experience obtained in socialist construction and the development of the world revolutionary process, inscribed new and glorious pages in the theory of Marxism-Leninism and defined the avenues of our country's movement toward communism.

The Need to Bring All Abilities to Bear

We know that there has been no time in the history of humanity in which animate matter existed and produced only conditions favorable to its existence, without any damage to the environment. Therefore, I agree that changing the relationship of man to the environment must be considered a task of prime importance, because it makes no sense to live and not believe in the possibility that the conditions of life can be improved. It is absolutely essential that all efforts be made - which depends on us - to see that social conditions and, consequently, the biological conditions of life on earth favor life and promote peace on earth - not war, not mutual extermination. The entire history of the past was based on the extermination and suppression of the weak. On the other hand, the theory of Marxism-Leninism holds that it is possible and necessary to create conditions under which life would be continued, but not at the expense of weaker or more poorly organized neighbors. Conditions must be created that favor joi...

Some Problems in the Treatment of the History of Soviet Society

Problems of methodology are vitally important to history, as well as to all science. It is methodology that in the long run determines the degree to which work is scientific, profound, and of practical value in explaining the past, changing the present, and predicting the future. The methodological foundation of Soviet historical scholarship is the theory of Marxism-Leninism. Marxism- Leninism is the basis of the outlook of historians in our country, and makes it possible to discover historical regularities and to analyze facts and events of the past and the present.

The Structure of a Course in Politica1 Economy

Our country has entered a new historical period in its development - the period of all-out upbuilding of communism. At the present stage, the acquisition of Marxist-Lenini st theory, and primarily of economic theory, by the broad masses, takes on special significance. This has to be aided by the development of fully-valid texts, designed for various groups of students of the economic theory of Marxism-Leninism. The contest now being held for a popular textbook of political economy should play an important role in this. The publication not of one, but of a number of textbooks in political economy has long since become a pressing necessity.

School Study of the Economic Basis of Socialist Production

The technical and economic sides of industrial production are known to be inseparably connected to each other. It follows from this that the mastering of the bases of its economics forms a task of polytechnical training just as important as is the study of the bases of technique and engineering. Knowledge of the economics of production is dictated not only by economic needs but also by the tasks of communist education. The 21st Congress of CPSU did not accidentally emphasize that the economic theory of Marxism-Leninism now has an especially important significance. In connection with the adopted law on reform of the public education system, the task of mastering economic facts acquires a special actuality also for the school of the new type.

Thirty years of Soviet science

To really understand and appraise the far-reaching changes which have taken place in science during Soviet times, it is most important to look back on the past and compare it with the present, at this time when our country and with it the entire progressive world are marking the 30th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. In the three decades since the October days of the Soviet Revo lution in 1917, profound social and economic changes have taken place, historical events have unfurled on the territory of the former Russian empire that have changed the life of the state fundamentally. The history of mankind has never witnessed such a revolutionary trans formation in the development of society as that of old Russia into a socialist state, into a close family of fraternal peoples. In the Soviet Union, the far-seeing conclusions and prognoses concerning the development of society contained in the teachings of Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin, began to receive fulfilment. For the first time in the history of mankind a scientific idea ? the scientific theory of Marxism-Leninism ? was consciously made the pivot of the development of a vast state. For the first time a multi-millioned people became active, conscious participants in a great social, scientifically founded process. At the same time science in all its aspects could not but be drawn into this mighty, universal trend of history. It has been decisively transformed during these thirty years ? and not only in scope, quality and specific content. Preserving all the best traditions of pre revolutionary Russian science, it has also acquired features intrinsic to Soviet science, and Soviet science alone. In capitalist society science is employed in the interests of the ruling minority, for the furtherance of antipopular aims. Reactionary forces seek to turn science against humanity, to make it an instrument of plunderous wars, rapacious annexations and the enslavement of nations. In the U.S.S.R. ? the land of triumphant socialism ? science is placed at the service of the people, who are successfully building the new society. The cardinal feature of Soviet Science makes it a genuine people's science. During the years of Soviet rule, our science has made unprece dented progress. This is the truly progressive science, which, as J. Stalin said, "does not fence itself off from the people and does not hold aloof from them, but which is prepared to serve the people and to transmit