Theory Of Cognitive Therapy Research Articles

The Impact of Conclusion-Checking Technique on Altering Catastrophic Thinking among Those about to Divorce

The current research aimed to investigate the impact of the inference checking technique on altering catastrophic thinking among those about to divorce. To achieve the research objective, the researchers constructed the Catastrophic Thinking Scale based on Beck's Cognitive Therapy theory. After verifying the psychometric properties of the scale, it was administered to a research sample consisting of 200 males seeking divorce, distributed across the Personal Status Courts in Basra province. They were selected randomly. Ten individuals who scored highest on the catastrophic thinking scale were selected and divided into two groups randomly: one control and one experimental. Equivalence between the two groups was ensured. Both groups underwent pre-testing, after which the experimental group was exposed to a counseling program based on the inference-checking approach, while the control group did not undergo any activities or programs. After completing the counseling program, the experimental group underwent a post-test. The researchers arrived at the following results: 1- There were statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test results for the experimental group. Therefore, the researchers reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis, which states that there are statistically significant differences between the experimental group's performance on the pre-test and post-test.2-There were statistically significant differences between the dimensional measurement results of the experimental and control groups, indicating significant statistical differences between the two groups. When comparing the total ranks of the two groups, the differences favored the experimental group. The total rank sum for the first experimental group was (15.00), smaller than the total rank sum for the control group, which was (40.00). In light of the researchers' findings, they concluded with a set of recommendations and proposals.

Shame Memory's Impact on Depression among Junior Middle School Students: A Moderated Mediation Model.

(1) Objective: While recent studies have shed light on the effects of shame memories on mental well-being, there is still limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms linking shame memories and depression. Based on the biopsychosocial model and cognitive therapy theory, this study examined the association between shame memory and depression and the indirect role of emotion management and self-criticism. (2) Methods: A total of 1004 junior high school students were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the event impact scale, the self-criticism scale of the depressive experiences questionnaire, and the emotional intelligence scale. (3) Results: Shame memory had a significant positive correlation with depression. The relationship between shame memory and depression was partially mediated by self-criticism. Emotional management was found to regulate the latter half of the mediating effect of shame memory on depression. (4) Conclusions: Self-criticism plays a mediating role in the relationship between shame memory and depression, as well as emotion management plays a moderating role between self-criticism and depression. This perspective will contribute to the growing body of knowledge about the impact of shame memories on depression among junior high school children but also offers a feasible plan for follow-up intervention.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Tokoh Sata Senda dalam Manga Keppeki Shounen Kanzen Soubi!! Karya Touya Tobina.

This research discusses about “Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Tokoh Sata Senda in Manga Keppeki Shounen Kanzen Soubi!! By Touya Tobina”. The research aims to provide psychology knowledge about Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The research metdod used was descriptive analysis. There were five theories used in this research, they were the psychology literature theory by Wellek and Austin (1989), theory of OCD by Wilson (2001) ,Oltmanns and Emery (2003), theory of Cognitive therapy by Aron T Beck (1976) semiotics by Danesi (2007). The result obtained from this research , Sata Senda is suffer from OCD with behavior (1) , Washing and Cleaning, (2) Ordering, (3) Checking, (4) Ritual. Physiology, Sata Senda has a neat and reclusive appearance to avoid germ and disease. Psychology, Senda OCD can be seen from his excessive behavior like washing and cleaning, ordering all things around, over checking a things again and again, and do ritual repeatly everyday. Sociologically, Senda OCD can affect people around him like ordering his friends to washing everytime they touch something. The Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Sata Senda caused by two factors there is internal factors that can from trauma ans stress and external factors that came from people around him. The efforts of Sata Senda figure to decrease his OCD behaviour is from internally is Senda has intention to be a normal person, which is make Senda trying to overcome his OCD by decreasing his anxiety from the things that are surrounding him. Except from Senda desired to control his OCD , his friends has important rule to overcame Senda OCD

Three Problems with the Theory of Cognitive Therapy

Three problems with the theory of cognitive therapy are presented. Each is argued as a problem for the model of change in cognitive therapy, not for their impact (if any) on treatment. They are (a) the unpredictability of cure and relapse, (b) the epistemologically irreconcilable differences between the model of pathology and the model of change, and (c) the inability to conceive of ambivalence. Each problem is discussed, and some counterarguments are offered.

The Integrative Power of Cognitive Therapy

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Book Forum: PSYCHOTHERAPYFull AccessThe Integrative Power of Cognitive TherapyJOHN C. MARKOWITZ, M.D., JOHN C. MARKOWITZSearch for more papers by this author, M.D., New York, N.Y.Published Online:1 Jun 1999https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.156.6.963AboutSectionsView EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Aaron Beck, paterfamilias of cognitive therapy, has written extensively as his research and clinical offspring have grown: books on depression, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, and more. He can take just pride in this family. Practicality and clinical empiricism rank among the great attractions of cognitive therapy, but Beck has also long been interested in the theory behind these pragmatic advances. The first author of this volume, Brad Alford, seems more concerned with abstract cognitive theory than with clinical empiricism, but the book may be read in part as a genogram of cognitive therapy, summarizing and integrating Beck’s widespread accomplishments to date.The authors propose that cognitive theory has a universality that could provide the basis for psychotherapy integration. Cognition, they point out, subsumes all psychotherapeutic communication. Psychotherapy integration is a topic of circumscribed interest, and some of the authors’ arguments sound syllogistic and abstract, but several are important. The emphasis on coherence in a psychotherapeutic system and its presentation to patients is clinically undeniable. Nonetheless, a tension exists in the book between theory and therapeutic practice. The Integrative Power of Cognitive Theory might have been a fairer title.The two opening chapters, “Theory” and “Metatheory,” are thoughtful, clearly written, and review cognitive therapy principles. “Metatheory” contains a small treatise on “the nature of theory” and develops a syllogism to demonstrate the utility of cognitive theory for psychotherapy integration. If occasionally tendentious, the argument is informed and informative. Still, the idea of a universal theory runs counter to clinical trends toward differential therapeutics and a diversity of treatments rather than a Procrustean approach: the search for a single formula contrasts with pragmatic clinical relativism.Chapter 3, “Cognitive Mediation of Consequences,” builds on Dr. Alford’s 1984 doctoral dissertation and explores conflicts between short-term and long-term goals. There is an unfortunate suggestion that these conflicts are “psychopathogenic for a wide range of conditions seen in clinical psychological practice” (p. 70). “Psychopathogenic” denotes an etiological explanation of cognitive processes that has not been demonstrated: we do not know whether cognitive phenomena are cause, effect, or epiphenomena of clinical syndromes. Theory here appears to supersede, and perhaps to misguide, clinical empiricism.The second section of the book discusses psychotherapy integration. One chapter neatly reviews the controversies and ideologies of this area, conceding that integration is a theoretical goal rather than an accomplished fact. The integrationists themselves are divided. The authors usefully distinguish among technical eclecticism, theoretical integration, and a common-factors approach to integration. The next chapter makes a spirited effort to present cognitive therapy as the basis for psychotherapy integration. It remains unclear why any single universal approach is desirable.The volume culminates in two chapters on the application of cognitive therapy to clinical disorders. The chapter on panic disorder maintains the emphasis on theory, discussing how cognitive theory accords with and adds to behavioral theory. Since few therapists now practice behavior therapy without a cognitive component, this appears to be a convincing attempt to accommodate theory to clinical developments.The final chapter, “Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders,” is an exciting discussion of a relatively new clinical frontier for cognitive therapy. Many clinicians, having been taught that “you can’t talk a delusional patient out of his belief,” may find it counterintuitive that a talking therapy can help psychotic patients. Cognitive therapy can help such patients, but the authors might have designated cognitive therapy more modestly as adjunctive to pharmacotherapy, rather than vice versa (p. 139). Cognitive therapy for psychosis attempts to address distortions of cognitive process as well as cognitive content. It requires a strong therapeutic alliance, building meta-cognitive awareness while protecting patient self-esteem, and seeks to test delusional beliefs collaboratively rather than challenge them directly.The authors conclude that cognitive therapy theory and practice are congruent and that the theory is “internally consistent, parsimonious, testable,…broad in its scope of application,” and empirically supported (p. 165).Although Dr. Beck is a psychiatrist, for several reasons cognitive therapy has become principally the domain of psychologists. Unfortunately few psychiatrists practice this potent treatment. Focusing as it does on theory more than on practice, this book may not provide the ideal introduction for psychiatrists who wish to learn cognitive therapy, but it does provide an overview of this still evolving and critically important treatment modality.by Brad A. Alford, and Aaron T. Beck. New York, Guilford Publications, 1997, 197 pp., $25.00; $16.95 (paper, published 1998). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited ByNone Volume 156Issue 6 June 1999Pages 963-964 Metrics History Published online 1 June 1999 Published in print 1 June 1999

The application of cognitive-behavioural therapy for depression to people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Over the past decade the cognitive approach to depression has received considerable attention. The impetus for this stems from empirical and theoretical reports of its efficacy in its application to the treatment of depressed individuals (Beck, 1976, 1976; Seligman, 1975; Abramson et al., 1978). This paper examines the theory and practice of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and questions whether it has anything to offer clinicians working with people affected by acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) given that it was originally developed, and has traditionally been used, to treat mood disordered psychiatric patient populations. The theory of cognitive therapy is examined with specific emphasis on Beck's contribution. Reference is made to the literature on the psychological problems experienced by people with AIDS (PWAs), and an assessment is presented of the contribution of cognitive therapy to ameliorate problems experienced by PWAs.

Random sampling of cognitions in alleviating anxiety attacks

The cognitive therapies (e.g., Beck, 1976; Ellis, 1970; Meichenbaum & Cameron, 1973; Mahoney & Arnkoff, in press) attempt to alter what the client thinks and thus to produce significant affective or behavioral change. Cognitive therapy theory states more or less explicitly that particular frequently occurring cognitions elicit particular undesirable behaviors or affective states, and that therapy should aim at reducing the frequency of the particular cognitions involved. The assessment of the cognition frequencies has usually been by the client's retrospective report (e.g., " I don't think about it as much as I used to") or ex hypothesi by counting the "resultant" affective or behavioral undesirable states. Hurlburt (1976, in press) has demonstrated the unreliability of retrospective reports of cognitive frequencies, and since the circularity of the latter counting method prohibits applying that evidence to the cognitive therapy theory, we are at this time unjustified in uncritically accepting the reduction-of-frequency-of-undesirable-cognitions explanation for the efficacy of cognitive therapy (Mahoney, 1977, p. 10). Hurlburt proposed cognition sampling as a means of making unbiased estimates of cognitive frequencies, and thus provided a way of bringing reliable, noncircular evidence to bear on the important issue of the cognitive frequency-affective/behavioral relationship. The present case applies Hurlburt's method for the first time to a clinic client, and serves as a hueristic for further research as well as a model for clinical application. The method uses