Adaptive Systems Theory Research Articles

Multipoint Layout Planning Method for Multienergy Sources Based on Complex Adaptive System Theory

Summary. With the continuous expansion of grid-connected power generation from renewable energy sources, such as wind and light, the forms of power sources are more diversified. The coupling and uncertainty of multiple energy sources will cause significant changes in the characteristics of the power system. Problems like the complexity of the power system lack a scientific and complete explanation. This paper comprehensively considers the regional weather conditions, the uncertainty of the output of wind and solar energy sources, and the time and space complementary characteristics of multiple power sources. Based on the theory of complex adaptive systems, a systematic and holistic optimization planning method is studied. Combining the idea of complementarity because of differences, a multipoint layout planning and design method for multienergy power systems is proposed to give full play to the synergistic effects of natural resources, achieve optimal resource allocation, and provide a theoretical basis for improving the consumption of wind and renewable energy. Taking an actual provincial power system in China as an example, through the comparison of production simulation calculations and multiscenario analysis and planning methods, the proposed method can significantly increase the consumption of wind and solar renewable energy.

FSG-based divinable time-varying formation tracking of multiple Lagrangian agents with unknown disturbances and directed graphs

In this paper, a flexible shape generator (FSG) is designed to achieve the divinable transformation process of the time-varying formation, and consider the FSG-based time-varying formation tracking (TVFT) problem of multiple Lagrangian agents with unknown disturbances and directed graphs. A hierarchical control algorithm is newly designed to achieve the control goal without using the prior information of the system model and bounded disturbances, and the specific implementation of the proposed hierarchical algorithms is also provided. By using the Hurwitz criterion and adaptive system theory, the sufficient conditions are derived and the stability analysis show that the formation tracking errors of the considered system are uniform ultimate bounded. Several simulation examples are performed on five two-degree-of-freedom mechanical arms to show the effectiveness of theoretical results.

CAS Theory Perspective of Community Emergency Management Factors and Coping Strategies

With the rapid development of community culture and economy, people pay more attention to the frequent occurrence of community accidents. In order to protect the life and property safety of community residents and establish a safe and harmonious community, how to carry out rapid and effective emergency management of community accidents has become the focus of every community manager must think. Based on the theory of complex adaptive system, this paper discusses how to form the characteristic emergency management system for community by taking the gas explosion of Shenyang hotel as an example. The results show that in the community emergency management, in addition to the four management elements of human, material, environment and system, a dual emergency mode should be established with the community emergency response team as the leader and the fire medical support force to improve the emergency handling and response capacity of community accidents, and effectively reduce the loss of life and property of residents.

An integrated primary care-based programme of PRE-Pregnancy cARE to improve pregnancy outcomes in women with type 2 Diabetes (The\xa0PREPARED\xa0study): protocol for a multi-method study of implementation, system adaptation and performance

BackgroundThe number of women of childbearing age with Type 2 diabetes(T2DM) is increasing, and they now account for > 50% of pregnancies in women with pre-existing diabetes. Diabetes pregnancies without adequate pre-pregnancy care have higher risk for poor outcomes (miscarriages, birth-defects, stillbirths) and are associated with increased complications (caesarean deliveries, macrosomic babies, neonatal intensive-care admissions). The risks and costs of these pregnancies can be reduced with pregnancy preparation (HbA1c, ≤ 6.5%, 5 mg folic acid and stopping potentially harmful medicines). However, 90% of women with T2DM, most of whom are based in primary care, are not adequately prepared for pregnancy. This study will evaluate a programme of primary care-based interventions (decision-support systems; pre-pregnancy care-pathways; pregnancy-awareness resources; professional training; and performance monitoring) to improve pregnancy preparation in women with T2DM.MethodsThe study aims to optimise the programme interventions and estimate their impact on pregnancy preparation, pre-pregnancy care uptake and pregnancy outcomes. To evaluate this multimodal intervention, we will use a multi-method research design following Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) theory, refining the interventions iteratively during the study. Thirty GP practices with ≥ 25 women with T2DM of reproductive age (18–45 years) from two South London boroughs will be exposed to the intervention. This will provide > 750 women with an estimated pregnancy incidence of 80–100 to study. The research involves: a clinical audit of processes and outcomes; a process evaluation informing intervention feasibility, implementation, and behaviour change; and a cost-consequences analysis informing future economic evaluation. Performance data will be collected via audits of GP systems, hospital antenatal clinics and pregnancy outcomes. Following CAS theory, we will use repeated measurements to monitor intervention impact on pregnancy preparation markers at 4-monthly intervals over 18-months. We will use performance and feasibility data to optimise intervention effects iteratively. The target performance for the intervention is a 30% increase in the proportion of women meeting pre-pregnancy care criteria.DiscussionThe primary output will be development of an integrated programme of interventions to improve pregnancy preparation, pre-pregnancy care uptake, and reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with T2DM. We will also develop an implementation plan to support the introduction of the interventions across the NHS.Trial registrationISRCTN47576591; February 8, 2022.

Algorithmic support of low-altitude aircraft flight based on the hazard analysis of the flight situation

Low-altitude flight of an aircraft is an effective, but at the same time, a very complex tactical technique, during which the crew does not always have the opportunity to timely recognize the occurrence of an abnormal case, determine the way out of it and counteract an aviation accident development. Despite many advantages of the automatic mode of low-altitude flight performing, its practical implementation is associated with a number of features and disadvantages, which determined the preference for the manual mode of low-altitude flight control. These are the presence of telltale factors, limited ability of performing flights at night and in difficult weather conditions, insufficient reliability etc. The considered features determined the relevance of the of low-altitude flight safety ensuring problem in relation to the manual control mode. As a result of an experimental study of the low-altitude flight performing process in a manual control mode, it was found that when performing manually-controlled low-altitude flight, a hazard assessment of the flight situation becomes pivotal. However the crew being under such conditions is not always able to correctly assess the flight situation hazard due to a combination of objective reasons. The current state of the adaptive and on-board flight safety systems theory makes it possible to increase the safety of the manuallycontrolled low-altitude flight by using adaptive control algorithms based on the flight situation hazard assessment. To solve this problem an adaptive control algorithm is proposed that ensures the formation of a security corridor in the longitudinal control channel, where the upper limit is determined by the critical value of the aircraft detection hazard, and the lower limit is determined by the critical value of the error in maintaining a given flight altitude. For a continuous assessment of the flight situation hazard and the timely formation of control signals the complex information about the current true flight altitude and the foreground is needed. Taking into account the peculiarities of low-altitude flight a digital terrain map containing data on natural and artificial obstacles along the flight route is a more rational source of information, that will make it possible to predict the development of the flight situation hazard. The above reasoning makes it possible to form an aircraft low-altitude flight adaptive control algorithm. A distinctive feature of the proposed algorithm is the implementation of a combined control variety where the pilot is provided with ample manual control opportunities within the security corridor, and the automatic flight control system is assigned the role of a safety subsystem that ensures control and timely return of the flight situation to normal flight conditions. The presented algorithm will allow to increase the crew logical-analytical activity information support during continuous analysis of the existing flight situation due to the formation of protective control actions based on the current flight situation hazard analysis.

Developing a methodology to assess the financial market security based on the actor-network theory

Subject. The article addresses problems related to assessing the level of the national financial market security in condition of strengthening the inter-system connections between financial and non-financial sectors of the economy. Objectives. The aim is to develop a methodology to assess the security of the national financial market through the application of the actor-network theory approach to the analysis of occurring processes. Methods. The study rests on methodologies of the actor-network theory and the theory of complex adaptive systems. Results. The study underpins the applicability of the actor-network theory for assessing the financial market security. It highlights the system properties of the financial market that determine the level of its security, i.e. structural complexity, functioning efficiency, sensitivity, and adaptability. It also offers an approach to assessing the security of the financial market. Conclusions. The proposed approach to assessing the security of financial market function will enable to develop priorities of its reform by the market regulator and the professional community, through early identification of risks and threats caused by the increasing role of the financial market in the socio-economic development, and the interpenetration of financial and non-financial economic sectors.

Understanding Complexity in Freshwater Management: Practitioners’ Perspectives in The Netherlands

Ecosystems have been stabilized by human interventions to optimize delivery of certain ecosystem services, while at the same time awareness has grown that these systems are inherently dynamic rather than steady state. Applied research fields have emerged that try to increase adaptive capacity in these ecosystems, using concepts deriving from the theory of complex adaptive systems. How are these concepts of complexity interpreted and applied by practitioners? This study applies a mixed-methods approach to analyze the case of freshwater management in The Netherlands, where a management paradigm promoting nature-fixating interventions is recently being replaced with a new paradigm of nature-based solutions. We find that practitioners have widely varying interpretations of concepts and of how the ecosystems they work in have evolved over time when described with complex system attributes. This study allows for the emergence of key complexity-related considerations among practitioners that are not often discussed in literature: (i) the need for physical and institutional space for self-organization of nature; (ii) the importance of dependency and demand management; and (iii) trade-offs between robustness and flexibility. This study, furthermore, stresses the importance of using practitioners’ views to guide applied research and practice in this field.

A Research Agenda for Self-Organizing Ecosystems: The Case for Maritime Informatics

Shipping, an important factor in the operation of the world economy is a digital age laggard. Digitization can make it more efficient, sustainable, and safer. For IS researchers this domain is also relatively unexplored, and there are opportunities for IS scholars to provide theoretical advances in describing, modeling, and redesigning the maritime ecosystem. This article introduces a research agenda for maritime informatics. Building on complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory, capital creation systems thinking, and episodic tight coupling, the maritime industry is conceived as a self-organizing ecosystem (SOE). In an SOE, autonomous organizations emerge to meet the various needs of a central, but not coordinating, entity. A systematic approach is applied to develop eight research questions about SOEs, based on three of their major characteristics identified by network analysis, namely (1) An SOE is an aggregation of agents whose diverse capabilities are identified by tags; (2) Actions by agents, both intentional and unintentional, change an ecosystem’s environment and can have non-linear effects on other agents, including the initiating agent; (3) As part of the capital creation process, agents episodically tightly couple to create physical and informational flows and capital. System dynamics and object orientation are applied to provide validity for, and to suggest methods for answering the research questions. These questions provide a grounding for maritime informatics research, as well as exploring SOEs generally.

Evolution of Financial Ecosystem from the CAS and EGT Perspective

In recent years, there is a large amount of literature that studies the theory of business ecosystem, but there is rarely literature on the financial system which plays a critical role in the good running of the enterprise. To fill this gap, the purpose of this paper is to address the evolution of financial ecosystem from an ecological and dynamic perspective. In order to provide a better presentation of the evolutionary process, based on complex adaptive system (CAS) theory and evolutionary game theory (EGT), this paper analyzed the adaptability of financial ecosystem and built an evolutionary game model of financial ecosystem to confirm the point of the view. The results show that the evolution of financial ecosystem is a dynamic adaptive process. Under the assumption of limited rationality, the financial ecosystem gradually finds the optimal strategy through adaptive learning, and finally the evolution reaches an equilibrium stage.

Simulation of Knowledge Transfer Process Model Between Universities: A Perspective of Cluster Innovation Network

Combined with the basic properties of the cluster innovation network, with the cluster innovation network, which can be composed of different universities that have knowledge potential difference as the research object, the knowledge transfer process is divided into four stages: knowledge externalization, knowledge sharing, knowledge innovation, and knowledge internalization, and the article constructs a knowledge transfer process model through introducing explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge conversion effect mechanism. According to the theory of complex adaptive system, the principle of network connection oriented the knowledge potential difference and the characteristic of the explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge within universities. We research the knowledge transfer process of universities using the system simulation method and focus on the evolution mechanism of the cluster innovation network’s knowledge level at knowledge externalization and knowledge sharing stage. It further reveals the basic topology structure and dynamic evolution law of universities cluster innovation network. We find that both knowledge externalization efficiency and knowledge learning ability have positive correlation with the general knowledge level of network. The evident small-world network characteristic emerges during the dynamic evolution of universities cluster innovation network. Meanwhile, there exists a coupling evolution between the knowledge level of universities and the topology structure of the cluster innovation network.

Exploiting of Adaptive Multi Agent System Theory in Modeling and Simulation: A Survey

Exploiting of Adaptive Multi Agent System Theory in Modeling and Simulation: A Survey

The complex adaptive character of spring fens as model ecosystems

Predicting the ecological effects of environmental perturbations remains challenging due to complex interactions between species and the environment, which constantly adapt the ecological memory and, thus, the future response of ecosystems. General theoretical frameworks like the Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) theory might provide a solution. Here I discuss the applicability of the CAS theory for ecosystems by examining its three major principles (interaction, adaptation and scale dependence) for spring fens. For these ecosystems, adaptation of plant communities to historical environmental stressors (acidification) affecting the resilience to subsequent perturbations (climatic extremes) is empirically shown. Alternative stable states in community composition initiated by acidification turned out to be stabilized by abiotic-biotic feedbacks. Furthermore, ecological response of species to temperature showed high cross-scale similarity. I argue that the exceptional environmental character of spring fens qualifies these ecosystems as ideal model systems to test and further develop CAS theory for ecology and biogeography.

A UGAS Sensorless Observer for Permanent Magnets Synchronous Machines including Estimation and Compensation of Dead-Times Effects

In this work, a novel sensorless observer is proposed for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines, formally dealing with stator voltage actuation non-idealities. Rotor speed, position and stator fluxes, as well as the unknown parameters of the voltage perturbations are reconstructed considering a fixed reference frame for both the machine and the voltage actuator non-linear effects. Stator currents and commands for the voltage actuator are assumed to be the only known signals. The estimation scheme is proven to be Uniformly Globally Asymptotically Stable by means of rigorous results from adaptive systems theory. The effectiveness of this solution is validated by realistic simulation tests, including a detailed model of the power converter. Discretization of the presented solution is addressed accurately. A comparison is provided to show the advantages of the proposed observer against a solution which does not adopt any mechanism to compensate for the mismatch between ideal and actuated stator voltages.

New MRAS secondary time constant tuning for vector control of linear induction motor considering the end-effects

Purpose The end-effects is a well-recognized phenomenon occurring in the linear induction motor (LIM) which makes the analysis and control of the LIM with good performance very difficult and can cause additional significant non-linearities in the model. So, the compensation of parameters uncertainties due to these effects in the control system is very necessary to get a robust speed control. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new technique of LIM end-effects estimation using the inverse rotor time constant tuning in order to compensate the flux orientation error in the indirect field-oriented control (IFOC) control law. Design/methodology/approach First, the dynamic model of the LIM taking into consideration the end-effects based on Duncan model is derived. Then, the IFOC for LIM speed control with end-effects compensation is derived. Finally, a new technique of LIM end-effects estimation is proposed based on the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) theory using the instantaneous active power and the estimated stator currents vector. These estimated currents are obtained through the solution of LIM state equations. Findings Simulations were carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of LIM speed control with the proposed MRAS inverse rotor time constant tuning to estimate end-effects value. The numerical validation results show that the proposed scheme permits the drive to achieve good dynamic performance, satisfactory for the estimated end-effects of the LIM model and robustness to uncertainties. Originality/value The end-effects causes a drop in the magnetizing, primary and the secondary inductance, requiring a more complex LIM control scheme. This paper presents a new approach of LIM end-effect estimation based on the online adaptation and tuning of the LIM inductances. The proposed scheme use the inverse rotor time constant tuning for end-effects correction in LIM vector control block.

Cancer is the chaotic search for adaptation to previously unknown environments.

Cancer may be the most important global public health problem. The effort of understanding carcinogenesis has been accelerating over the last years on account of its high incidence and impact on the lives of individuals' affected. There are a number of theories of carcinogenesis and these theories may be used to justify various alternative cancer treatments. The small variations in cancer mortality observed during the previous years indicate that the clinical applications of these theories have been very limited. In this article, we tried to explain carcinogenesis based on complex adaptive system (CAS) theory.

A framework for evaluating global policy on sustainability

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the global policy on sustainability, United Nations Global Compact (UNGC), is in alignment with the complexity of the sustainability landscape utilizing complex adaptive system (CAS) theory and theory of change.Design/methodology/approach– An original Complex Adaptive Policy System (CAPS) framework is used as a qualitative instrument with a constant comparison of 11 CAS themes in analyzing 117 UNGC speeches listed on the Global Compact Web site.Findings– Although this study is intended as a preliminary study, the findings raise important questions regarding the long-term impact of the Global Compact as a global policy on sustainability.Research limitations/implications– The limitations of the study include the preliminary study design and limited source of information. Future research should include a comprehensive evaluation of the UNGC to yield specific recommendations for aligning policy with the landscape.Originality/value– The study offers an original systems framework to evaluate public and private organizational polices on sustainability.

Agent Behavior-Based Simulation Study on Mass Collaborative Product Development Process

Mass collaborative product development (MCPD) benefits people by high innovation products with lower cost and shorter lead time due to quick development of group innovation, Internet-based customization, and prototype manufacturing. Simulation is an effective way to study the evolution process and therefore to guarantee the success of MCPD. In this paper, an agent behavior-based simulation approach of MCPD is developed, which models the MCPD process as the interactive process of design agents and the environment objects based on Complex Adaptive System (CAS) theory. Next, the structure model of design agent is proposed, and the modification and collaboration behaviors are described. Third, the agent behavior-based simulation flow of MCPD is designed. At last, simulation experiments are carried out based on an engineering case of mobile phone design. The experiment results show the following: (1) the community scale has significant influence on MCPD process; (2) the simulation process can explicitly represent the modification and collaboration behaviors of design agents; (3) the community evolution process can be observed and analyzed dynamically based on simulation data.

Inverse infrastructures: self-organization in the water services

In urban communities, infrastructures that support living are indispensable. There is increased interest in alternative ways of providing such support systems, including semi-autonomous infrastructures resulting from the self-organization of local actors. In this study, we analyze the emergence and management of such infrastructures in light of the theory of complex adaptive systems, within which they are called ‘inverse infrastructures’. Empirical evidence is drawn from the case of water cooperatives in the town of Ikaalinen, Finland. Our analysis shows that, with favorable preconditions in place, inverse infrastructures may contribute significantly to local infrastructure services and so also to the functioning of society.

Industry Clusters Innovation Action Model Based on the CAS Theory – Shanxi Magnesium Industry

Based on complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory, using the method of case studies to explore the Shaanxi Province magnesium industry cluster knowledge innovation behavior. Based on the complexity stimulus—response rules, build the knowledge innovation system of metallic magnesium industry cluster main body behavior patterns; Based on complex adaptive - learning, building the overall behavior pattern of magnesium metal industry cluster knowledge innovation system; and based on the complex level—emerge theory, build the magnesium industry cluster evolution behavior pattern of knowledge innovation system. Use CAS theory to solve the problem of knowledge innovation in industrial cluster, which offers a basis for realize the sustainable and health development of industry cluster better.

O problema da transdisciplinaridade: ciência e filosofia hoje

The article starts with the question: Why does transdisciplinarity emerge for us as a problem? We will see how the problem of Transdisciplinarity is linked to the crisis of philosophy that is actually a crisis of the very idea of reason and, with it, a deadlock that carries on scientific knowledge also in its entirety. It will be clear that a very specific concept of reason, redolent of a deterministic worldview of modernity, is at the center of this crisis. Theoretical innovations in science and in philosophy illuminate a possible alternative: a new concept of reason, without the bias for the order, emerges from the inner critic to the Hegelian system design and its articulation with the theory of complex adaptive systems and the theory of networks, giving rise to a contemporary proposal of ontology of networks.