Counseling Theory Research Articles

The Adoptee Consciousness Model: Integration with Family Counseling Theory and Practice

Transracial adult adoptee storylines are increasingly represented across media platforms, yet counseling practice guidelines for the population remain limited. The authors provide updated counseling strategies by applying the Adoptee Consciousness Model (ACM). Via a fictitious case study of one adult transracial adoptee, the authors integrate the ACM with three family systems theories. Recommendations for individual, couple, and family counselors and therapists are provided.

서울시민 힐링프로젝트 마음온 치유활동가의 치유적 경험에 대한 사례연구

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the healing experiences of healing activists participating in the Seoul Citizens’ Healing Project Maeum-on Program and to examine the implications of these experiences to the counseling site. Methods Using qualitative case study methods, we selected five healing activists who were part of a team as research participants from June to August 2020. Participatory observation journal was prepared from the moment the activists first met until their disbandment. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted 17 times befor, during, and after the program. Also, activity diaries, o-site sketches, and promotional materials written by activists were collected. The data Analysis was carried out using emic oding and etic coding metionds. To ensure the reliability of the study, expert meetings, member checks, and preliminary investigations were conducted. Results First, good participation experiences, interest in fields such as psychological counseling, and the belief that one’s activities make the world good became the context for healing activists to participate in healing projects. Second, the activists’s healing experience consists of receiving at the same time as giving, and was quite similar to he healing factors in counseling theory. Third, the moment of recognizing the need for conflict with colleagues, a lot of energy and time consumption, and counseling expertise was confirmed as a difficulty as a healing activist. Conclusions As the first study on the Maeum-on program, a new type of psychological program model that can spread social values was identified, and it was confirmed that a citizen-centered healing movement was possible. It can be used as basic data when developing group programs in the future.

Optimal conceptual theory: Integrating spirituality, mind, and body through Africana concepts

AbstractOptimal conceptual theory (OCT) is a holistic model espousing a person's reality is simultaneously spiritual and material, encapsulating biological, social, cognitive, and spiritual elements, conceptualized through an Africana worldview. Although created over 31 years ago, very little literature exists examining OCT as a viable counseling theory with clients. The purpose of this article is to correct that trend and provide a brief case example illustrating how to utilize OCT in a counseling setting.

Exploring Loneliness among Korean Adults: A Concept Mapping Approach.

In South Korea, the proportion of adults experiencing severe loneliness has been increasing rapidly. Accordingly, this study examines the elements of loneliness experienced by Korean adults and investigates their structural relevance using concept mapping. Korean adults (47) were recruited for individual in-depth interviews based on their scores on the UCLA Loneliness Scale. The interviews yielded 80 unique statements, which were then evaluated using multidimensional scaling and a hierarchical cluster analysis. A cluster map of loneliness was derived, with three clusters: (1) emotional distress due to the actual or anticipated absence of connection in relationships, (2) emotional distance from oneself or from others in a relationship, and (3) powerlessness and emptiness due to being directionless. Two dimensions distinguished these clusters: the lack of a sense of connection or self-assurance, and an inward or outward focus. These findings reveal that loneliness encompasses more than unmet relational needs; it also involves self-attentional focus, indicating a need to reconceptualize the notion of loneliness. The study's implications extend to counseling theory and practices by highlighting the importance of addressing both relational connections and self-perceptions in interventions for loneliness. By expanding the understanding of loneliness through empirical data, this research provides a more comprehensive framework for addressing loneliness.

Teori Konseling Adlerian: Pandangan Tentang Hakikat Manusia Dengan Melihat Persepsi Subjektif dan Pola Kepribadian Ditinjau Oleh Urutan Kelahiran Dan Sibling Relationship

Adlerian counseling is a counseling approach developed by psychologist Alfred Adler which focuses on understanding individuals as part of a social and cultural context, as well as individual motivation to achieve life goals, by paying attention to power dynamics, motivation, self-confidence and interpersonal relationships in an effort to help individuals overcome problems and grow personally. The method used in this research is qualitative with a type of literature study. Literature study is solving problems by tracing sources of writing that has been written before. The sources obtained are used as literature study material and are arranged according to the rules of scientific writing. The aim of this research is to find out in depth about Adlerian counseling theory. The research findings discuss: (1) Views on human nature, (2) Subjective perceptions of reality, (3) Unity and patterns of human personality, (4) Social interests and feelings of community, (5) Birth order and sibling relationships.

Konseling Analisis Transaksional: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur

Transactional analysis counseling was developed from Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and the discovery of the workings of the brain. The aim of this research is to find out about transactional analysis counseling philosophically based on the results of literature studies. This research uses qualitative methods with a literature study type. The method used in this type of literature study is to search for data or material by reviewing and collecting information from various credible and relevant sources such as scientific journals, articles, books and others related to the topic discussed, namely transactional analysis counseling based on ego state counseling theory. Then note down the important points that are appropriate to the research problem. (1) The results of this research include the Basic Philosophy of Transactional Analysis Counseling. (2) Main Concepts of Transactional Analysis Counseling (3) Objectives of Transactional Analysis Counseling, (4) Ego state theory, (5) Role and function of the counselor in transactional analysis counseling, (6)Counselee experience in counseling. (7) Procedure for Transactional Analysis Counseling Stages. (8) Transactional Analysis Counseling Techniques.

Teori Konseling Psikoanalisis: Studi Literatur

Psychoanalytic Counseling is one of the counseling methods that uses psychiatric concepts to help individuals overcome psychiatric/mental/personality problems. The writing of this article discusses the theory of psychoanalytic counseling as a counseling method in solving problems faced by each individual. The method used in writing this article is a qualitative method using literature studies. Data collection by tracing, collecting, analyzing, and understanding data related to academic sources and related research. The final results of writing this article are (1) Historical Perspectives of Psychoanalytic Counseling, (2) Basic Concepts of Psychoanalytic Counseling, (3) Personality Development in Psychoanalytic Counseling, (4) Objectives of Psychoanalytic Counseling, (5) Processes of Psychoanalytic Counseling, (6) Relationship Situations of Psychoanalytic Counseling, and (7) Changing Mechanisms of Psychoanalytic.

심리상담 중 내담자의 점복 상담 경험을 들은 상담사의 경험에 대한 탐색적 연구

Objectives Research shows that so-called ‘fortune-telling’, such as tarot, fortune telling, and divine fortune counseling, has been popular in Korean society even before the introduction of psychological counseling. Korea has a unique cultural background where divination culture exists as a larger market than psychological counseling. During psychological counseling, we will explore the experiences of counselors who have heard about clients' fortune- telling experiences and provide basic data through this. Methods A survey was conducted on a total of 50 counselors who had heard about their experiences with divination counseling from clients during counseling. The collected response data were analyzed through an exploratory research method, an experienced survey method, and a modified consensus qualitative research method. The collection period of research data was from October to December 2021, and the collected data was analyzed. Results The counselor's view on why the client talks about his fortune-telling experience during psychological counseling, the counselor's reaction when the client talks about his fortune-telling experience during psychological counseling, the counselor's view on the pros and cons of the fortune-telling culture, and the counselor's view on the client's religion. The relationship between fortune-telling counseling, the differences between psychological counseling and fortune-telling counseling that counselors think of, the evaluation of satisfaction after the counselor listens to the client's fortune-telling counseling experience, things that a counselor should consider when counseling a client about their fortune-telling counseling experience, and applied counseling theory. and explored counseling theories that would be recommended to beginning counselors. Conclusions Based on the research results, basic data that counselors can refer to in counseling education and practice was presented.

Understanding counselors’ experiences of treating racial trauma: a qualitative study

The purpose of this generic qualitative study is to understand how U.S. counselors describe their training and experiences in treating racial trauma with clients of color. By exploring the perspectives and practices of counselors, this study sought to provide an in-depth understanding of how mental health professionals navigate the complexities of addressing racial trauma within their therapeutic settings and how well their CACREP-accredited counseling programs prepared them. The findings revealed that counselors use various counseling approaches, including traditional counseling theories and evidence-based modalities, and often had to modify their approach to better serve the clients due to their experiences with racism. Further research should include incorporating education and training about racial trauma into counseling program curriculum, the impact of counselors’ intersectional identities on their ability to treat racial trauma effectively, and the role of clinical supervision in supporting counselors in their work treating racial trauma with clients of color.

Cross Cultural Counseling on Conflict Resolution in Early Children

Conflict during a child's development can occur when the child has the awareness that he is part of a group. This conflict arises in interactions between children and requires counseling from adults to be able to teach them how to resolve the conflict. In a multicultural society, conflict resolution can be different. Early childhood children and educators at PAUD Institutions in the city of Pangkalpinang come from various ethnicities including Malay, Chinese, Javanese, Sundanese and Bugis. This research aims to find out the implementation of cross cultural counseling in conflict resolution for children in PAUD in Pangkalpinang City. This research is field research using qualitative descriptive research methods with a cross-cultural counseling theory approach. Data collection was carried out by interviewing 10 educators and observing for two months the learning process from five PAUD institutions in Pangkalpinang City. The results of this research show that educators at PAUD Pangkalpinang have provided integrated cross-cultural counseling with the learning process in TK/RA. In the guidance process, educators understand the values held by students who have different cultures. Educators provide guidance by advising and listening to children about the differences in cultural values that exist in Indonesia.

Incorporating Creativity into Relational Cultural Theory in Couples Counseling

This article explores the integration of creativity into relational-cultural therapy (RCT) with couples, emphasizing the potential for creative interventions to enhance clients’ understanding of self and others while promoting relational growth. RCT, rooted in the acknowledgment of chronic disconnection as a source of human suffering, focuses on meaningful interdependence and connection as essential for well-being. Despite the documented benefits of creative techniques in couples therapy, there is a gap in the literature regarding the use of creative interventions within RCT couples counseling. The article argues that incorporating creativity within RCT couples counseling facilitates the development of a common language and understanding of RCT concepts among couples. It provides an overview of RCT concepts, discusses the rationale and research supporting the integration of creativity with RCT and couples work, and offers five creative RCT-based interventions: Reflecting on the relationship, creating a context constellation, honoring strategies of disconnection, visualizing relational images, and exploring shame and authenticity. Each intervention is designed to align with RCT principles, encouraging clients to explore their identities, relational dynamics, and strategies of disconnection in a creative and experiential manner. The article emphasizes the importance of creating a safe and non-judgmental therapeutic space, where clients and counselors can collaboratively engage in these creative activities. Overall, the integration of creativity into RCT couples counseling aims to promote vulnerability, mutual empathy, and strengthened connection within the therapeutic relationship and the couple's dyad.

Mechanisms of Change in School Counseling Intervention Studies: A Content Analysis

The purpose of this content analysis was to examine the use of theory in school-counselor-led interventions. Specifically, we examined intervention characteristics, evaluation design, and use of theory in school-counselor-led intervention studies that were published by the American Counseling Association, the American School Counselor Association (ASCA), and in other school-counseling-related journals from 2003 to 2022. Drawing from 45 published articles, results indicated that few school counseling articles explicitly included ASCA Mindsets & Behaviors (ASCA, 2021) or integrated formal counseling theory to inform student outcomes.

PERAN GURU BIMBINGAN KONSELING ISLAM DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA

Guidance and counseling services often rely on human thinking. Guidance and counseling theories are usually built on past experiences. However, in the context of Islamic guidance and counseling, this approach is based on principles that can be found in the Al-Qur'an, the Hadith of the Prophet, as well as human thought processes and experiences. Motivation in a learning context can be increased by creating a pleasant classroom environment, maintaining positive relationships between students, and interacting with students in a friendly way. applying this research method, a qualitative literature review was carried out which discussed the concept of the role of Islamic guidance and counseling teachers in increasing student learning motivation. It was concluded that this motivation can originate from within the individual (intrinsic motivation) or through the efforts of other parties (extrinsic motivation). The role of the Islamic counseling teacher also involves understanding the dimensions and elements of student learning motivation and providing an appropriate Islamic counseling approach to overcome motivational factors in learning.

양육스트레스를 겪는 어머니의 부정적 정서 감소를 위한 통합적 접근 상담에 관한 사례연구

Objectives This study was conducted to examine a case of using an integrated counseling theory to reduce the negative emotions of mothers experiencing parenting stress.
 Methods One participant experiencing parenting stress underwent nine counseling sessions over two months and one follow-up session six months later. The counseling was conducted using person-centered and cognitive-behavioral counseling techniques. The counselor maintained a person-centered and cognitive-behavioral attitude, utilized coaching and advice in the areas related to parenting methods.
 Results The participant reported difficulties with emotional regulation when her child behaved differently from what she considered as common sense, as well as difficulties in raising two children alone due to her husband's busy work schedule. Positive changes were observed regarding these issues after the counseling sessions. Upon examining the changes in pre- and post-counseling assessments on the reduction of parenting stress, it was found that the scores of the parenting stress inventory significantly decreased from previously elevated levels to within the normal range. Positive changes were also observed in the expression of negative emotions and the presence of irrational thoughts, as assessed through sentence completion tests.
 Conclusions The participant reported that there was no aggression towards her children even after the end of the counseling period until the follow-up session, indicating a significant positive change. Additionally, she reported trying new things for herself, which suggests that the intervention had a positive impact on her life beyond just reducing negative emotions related to parenting stress.

REBT와 ACT의 상담이론 비교

The purpose of this study is to present the theoretical basis for the causes of human maladaptive behavior and solutions through an integrated review of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) and Acceptance & Commitment (ACT). . To this end, a literature study was conducted to compare and analyze the definitions, human views, main concepts, counseling processes, and techniques of the two counseling theories to lay a theoretical foundation for the causes of human maladaptation and countermeasures. As a result of the study, it was discovered that REBT and ACT have a common view that the combination of language and cognitive structure causes maladaptive emotions and behaviors. As a solution to maladaptive emotions and behaviors formed by distorted cognition, REBT focuses on cognitive restructuring, while ACT also proposes cognitive defusion and acceptance of experience. However, ultimately, both theories urge us to break away from maladaptive emotions resulting from distorted cognition and live our lives toward values with an attitude of unconditional acceptance of ourselves, others, and the world. This study is significant in that it is a comparative study between REBT and ACT, which has been rarely studied, but has a limitation in that it has a rather comprehensive topic. By overcoming these limitations and compromising and integrating the theories of REBT and ACT, which have a common goal of accepting life, we propose a more effective treatment plan that can improve maladaptive human behavior and follow-up research to verify effectiveness.

Processing the process: Reflections on genetic counselor-led student supervision groups and practical tips for future facilitators.

Genetic counseling graduate students face growth and challenges across a variety of axes both personally and professionally throughout their training. The formation of leader-led supervision groups for second-year genetic counseling students has created a safe space for students to give and receive feedback, process their positionality in complex clinical scenarios and the medical system at large, dissect psychosocial counseling theory, and share personal and professional experiences with the overall aim of supporting their growth. This work requires faculty facilitators who are invested in student growth and operate from a framework of empathy, humanism, curiosity, and vulnerability. The authors share their reflections on stepping into the facilitator role with no prior experience other than their work in clinical genetic counseling in varied practice settings. Common themes across four cohorts of students are presented along with reflections on facilitator growth, consideration of student developmental stages, and the parallel process between providing clinical services to clients and educating students. The authors hope to highlight the value of processing cases, inspire other genetic counselors to engage in this work, and normalize the experiences of those already running genetic counseling student process groups.

Indigenous Counseling: Suphistic Counseling Practices in Pesantren

One problem in the implementation of counseling in Indonesia is related to cultural bias. This is because counseling theories originally derive from theories based on Western cultural values. Indigenous counseling with a Sufistic approach is one way to address this cultural bias. This research aims to deeply explore counseling practices in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) and the Sufistic values in their counseling services. The study is a qualitative-exploratory descriptive-research using a qualitative-ethnographic-interpretive approach. Data collection techniques involve participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings of this research indicate significant differences in characteristics between professional counseling (western) and counseling in pesantren, including inequality between counselors and clients (unequal relationship). Moreover, their relationship is likened to that of a father and son, appearing as a superior-inferior relationship. The Sufistic values applied in counseling services include humility (tawadu), obedience to the advice of the kyai as a counselor, limiting the principle of client confidentiality, and providing solutions directly through advice and religious prayers (wirid). Further research can be conducted to measure the effectiveness of Sufistic values in counseling services in pesantren.

An Action Study of Feminist Group Counseling on the Self-Identity of Children Who Self-Injured

<p>本研究旨在以女性主義取向團體輔導方案的介入，探討具有自傷行為兒童在團體歷程中的自我認同發展。本研究採取行動研究，招募五名國小六年級學童為研究對象（四女一男），進行每週一次，一次四十分鐘，為期八次的小團體輔導。團體設計以女性主義諮商理論為本，涵蓋身份覺察、賦能、敘說、平權等重要議題。透過省思札記、成員及師長的訪談記錄、觀察員的觀察與回饋等多種方式蒐集資料，結合三角驗證方式分析，以瞭解具有自傷行為兒童在女性主義團體輔導歷程之經驗內涵。重要結果如下：一、女性主義取向強調團體敘說、平權關係與支持關懷，促使學童有機會自我揭露生命故事，從而連結彼此。二、女性主義團體輔導方案的介入，有助於學童對社會角色的覺察，轉化以正向觀點定義自己，增進改變的行動力。三、學童在團體的普同經驗，促使學童降低孤獨感，進而坦然面對自傷與真實自我。四、學童覺察與肯定其優勢能力，提升我能感，促使增進自信心與自我認同。五、在團體歷程中的行動與改變，促進學童對自我的賦權，進而提升自我認同與悅納，進而將改變實踐於日常生活。</p> <p> </p><p>This study explored the self-identity development of children with non-suicidal self-injury behavior through a feminist-oriented group counseling program intervention. This study adopted an action research approach and included five participants from the sixth grade: four females and one male. The group met once a week for 40 minutes each time, for eight weeks. The group project involved doctrines of feminist counseling theory, including awareness, empowerment, narrative, and equality. Data were collected through the researcher’s reflections, observer’s notes, and interviews with the participants and with the participants’ teachers and parents. The researcher analyzed data and verified the analysis by using the triangulation method. This study’s findings are summarized as follows: 1. The narratives, equality, and supportive care that the feminist group counseling approach emphasizes provided the self-harm student participants the opportunities to tell and re-tell their life stories; disclosing their stories helped them connect to the other participants. 2. The group counseling intervention helped students aware of their social roles, transform their thoughts into a positive perspective, and enhance their capacities to change. 3. The common experience that the students shared during the group process helped reduce their loneliness, rethink their self-harm behaviors, and face their true selves openly. 4. Through the group process, students gained more awareness and confidence regarding their strengths in abilities, enhanced their sense of power, and fostered a strong sense of self-identity. 5. The action and change during the group process facilitated the students’ self-empowerment, enriched their self-identity and self-acceptance, and finally, helped them implement changes in everyday life.</p> <p> </p>

Pendampingan Pastoral Terhadap Mahasiswa Yang Terikat Kuasa Okultisme: Studi Kasus Mahasiswa STT Abdi Sabda

Occultism is a belief in dark powers, spiritual forces outside of God's power. Some members of the community practice occultism, such as belief in the spirits of the dead, talismans believed to protect the body, and immunity skills passed down by ancestors, which cause their descendants to suffer from frequent manifestations and possessions by evil spirits. Some STT Abdi Sabda Medan students are still bound by occultism, affecting them physically, psychologically, and spiritually. Therefore, there is a need for counseling for healing and recovery from their occultism attachment. This paper examines the need for counseling through pastoral counseling theories. The author conducted qualitative research and gathered data by interviewing seven students who were previously bound by occultism and experienced manifestations. They were also served by the Abdi Sabda Medan deliverance ministry team. Of the seven students, five recovered completely, three of whom joined the deliverance team, two did not join, and one is not yet fully recovered, while another refused to release their occult attachment. The author also interviewed Jaharianson Saragih, the deliverance ministry team's mentor, to strengthen the field data. This study aimed to explore how pastoral counseling is conducted on STT Abdi Sabda Medan students bound by occultism.

Assessing Theories and Strategies Regarding Career Transition for Students with Visual Impairments

The purpose of this paper is to examine evidence-based theories and strategies that can aid in comprehending and fostering the career transitioning of students with visual impairments. Understanding the various career transitioning theories will enable career professionals and visually impaired students to achieve a successful career counselling encounter. The suggested theoretical models highlight the importance of psychological and social variables in predicting a successful transition and the attainment of good and meaningful jobs by visually impaired students. The theories discussed in this paper include Schlossberg's transition theory; Bridges’ transition framework; Psychological model for student retention; Psychology of working theory; Opportunity structure theory; Liquid modernity and life design; and Career construction theory. This article contributes to the literature on career counselling by arguing and elucidating the theoretical significance of these vocational counselling theories and strategies as they pertain to promoting career transition for visually impaired students. Theoretical knowledge could help to inform counselling methods and enable professionals, and various institutions to understand the contextual drivers of career transitioning, advocate for more inclusive workplaces, and explore solutions to reduce the number of unemployed visually impaired graduates. Career counsellors can adapt many techniques if they use an integrated theoretical approach to help visually impaired students transition from school to their potential employment.