Quantification Theory Research Articles

Damage Discrimination Analysis for Sewage Pipe System with Quantification Theory

Damage Discrimination Analysis for Sewage Pipe System with Quantification Theory

Translatable Self-Reference

Stephen Read has advanced a solution of certain semantic paradoxes recently, based on the work of Thomas Bradwardine. One consequence of this approach, however, is that if Socrates utters only ‘Socrates utters a falsehood’ (a), while Plato says ‘Socrates utters a falsehood’ (b), then, for Bradwardine two different propositions are involved on account of (a) being self-referential, while (b) is not. Problems with this consequence are first discussed before a closely related analysis is provided that escapes it. Moreover, this alternative analysis merely relies on quantification theory at the propositional level, so there is very little to question about it. The paper is the third in a series explaining the superior virtues of a referential form of propositional quantification.

Analysis of Behaviors along the Waterside in a Chinese Residential Quarter

The aim of this study is to investigate the behaviors of residents along the waterside in a Chinese residential quarter. Based on Hayashi's Quantification Theory Type III and Cluster Analysis and information collected through this study, the waterfront spaces are classified into nine types, each of which have unique statistical characteristics concerning behaviors. The results show that the residents tend to wait for companions of their respective defined groups frequently while they are walking along the brook. They rarely play with water in the pond if they are uncertain about the water depth, and also stay longer chatting with friends if they can find vacant benches on the deck along the pond. The residents typically hang around more frequently in waterfront spaces to either play in shallow water, if the weather permits, or enjoy the view of the brook although they may stop for a shorter time on stepping-stones. Scientifically identified human behaviors have shown that they are influenced by these different types of waterfront spaces that are described in detail in this paper.

Rebuttal to the Response of Chou

We appreciate the opportunity to clarify and refute the serious issues raised by Dr. Chou in the rebuttal to our response to his letter. The main question he posed is how a probabilistic/statistical approach can lead to a quantitative/deterministic equation based on the mass-action law. He also

Analyzing facial expressions with fuzzy quantification theory II: indefinite generalized eigenvalue problem

Machine understanding of human interactive behaviour is a challenging task. In this paper, facial expressions are used to induce emotions on a group of subjects and sense fuzzy human interactive behaviour. When fuzzy quantification theory II is used to analyze the emotions induced by facial expressions, the relationship between induced emotions and facial features is linearized by solving a dense generalized eigenvalue problem. As the matrices are ill-conditioned and indefinite when small data set of facial expressions is used, the theory describing the possible solutions of the eigenvalue problem gets complicated. This paper proposes a perturbation of the eigenvalue problem by using the Moore–Penrose pseudoinverse that keeps the error bounds of the solution within the error bounds of the widely used GUPTRI algorithm. Experimental results show that GUPTRI algorithm fails in some cases where the number of samples is very small while the solution provided by proposed approach never fails and is more accurate.

Does colored pavement make non-signalized intersections safer? A case study in Japan

In Japan, colored pavement has become popular recently because of having been evaluated for improving intersections to be safer. This paper aims to evaluate the effects of the colored pavement for traffic safety at the non-signalized intersection in the residential area by statistical analysis method “Quantification Theory II”, based on various residents perspectives such as “car”, “bicycle” and “pedestrian”, and to confirm the change in the traffic conditions triggered by the colored pavement. As the result, it is found that the colored pavement promotes the change especially in the car drivers consciousness, but does not bring about a significant change in traffic conditions such as the traffic volume and the vehicle speed.

Kansei Analysis of the Japanese Residential Garden and Development of a Low-Cost Virtual Reality Kansei Engineering System for Gardens

Residential garden design using Kansei engineering is a challenging problem. Landscaping components, such as rocks, trees, and ponds, are widely diversified and have a large number of possible arrangements. This large number of design alternatives makes conventional analyses, such as linear regression and its variations like Quantification Theory Type I (QT1), inapplicable for analyzing the relationships between design elements and the Kansei evaluation. We applied a partial least squares (PLS) model that effectively deals with a large number of predictor variables. The multiple correlation coefficient of the PLS analysis was much higher than that of the QT1 analysis. The results of the analyses were used to create a low-cost virtual reality Kansei engineering system that permits visualization of garden designs corresponding to selected Kansei words. To render complex garden scenes, we developed an original 3D computation and rendering library built on Java. The garden is shown in public-view style with stereo 3D graphic projection. The rendering is scalable from low to high resolution and enables drop object shadowing, which is indispensable for considering the effect of daytime changes in insolation. Visualizing the garden design based on Kansei analysis could facilitate collaboration between the designer and customer in the design process.

Application of distance discriminant analysis method to headstream recognition of water-bursting source

Based on the principle of Mahalanobis distance discriminant analysis (DDA), a distance discriminant analysis model of headstream recognition is established, including six indexes reflecting the mine water-bursting; Na + + K + , Cl -1 , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , HCO - 3 , SSO 4 2- Linear discriminant functions are obtained through training the initial data for headstream recognition of mine water-bursting of 35 groups in Jiaozuo mining area. After the DDA model is trained, the ration of mistake distinguish is considerably low zero. In order to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the model, the cases of other aquifer of groundwater in Jiaozuo mining area are analyzed using the proposed method, and the obtained results are also compared with the results of quantification theory model, support vector machines model and practical conditions. The results show that the results predicted by DDA model are both in good agreement with the practical conditions and the results obtained from quantification theory model and support vector machines model. The method offers a new way in headstream recognition of mine water-bursting.

Applying a cognitive model of mental imagery to neuropsychological results

Event Abstract Back to Event Applying a cognitive model of mental imagery to neuropsychological results Jan Frederik Sima1* 1 University of Bremen, Germany We present a new theory of mental imagery, termed attention-based quantification theory. Qualitative spatial relations and shape information are quantified and made conscious by spatio-analogical attention shifts. There is no quasi-picture or percept. The theory is implemented as a computational cognitive model. The model is able to explain and reproduce two important neuropsychological results, i.e., the functional and neural distinction between spatial and visual mental imagery and the phenomenon of imaginal neglect. The latter, in particular, poses explanatory problems for the traditional theories of mental imagery, i.e., quasi-pictorial and propositional theory. The components of the model are related to neural correlates and these links are supported by the model's behavior after selectively disabling components to simulate specific brain damage. Furthermore, the model makes clear predictions about the differences and similarities of spatial and visual mental imagery tasks. The processing levels inherent to the model’s structure pose a new way of understanding the relationship between spatial and visual imagery. Funding: Project R1-[ImageSpace] of the SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). Keywords: Attention, Mental Imagery Conference: XI International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON XI), Palma, Mallorca, Spain, 25 Sep - 29 Sep, 2011. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Poster Sessions: Neurophysiology of Cognition and Attention Citation: Sima J (2011). Applying a cognitive model of mental imagery to neuropsychological results. Conference Abstract: XI International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON XI). doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2011.207.00316 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 22 Nov 2011; Published Online: 28 Nov 2011. * Correspondence: Dr. Jan Frederik Sima, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany, sima@tzi.de Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Jan Frederik Sima Google Jan Frederik Sima Google Scholar Jan Frederik Sima PubMed Jan Frederik Sima Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Remarks on the iconicity and interpretation of existential graphs

In the 1890s, Peirce reformulated quantification theory by expressing it in a language of diagrams, called existential graphs. Peirce thought that the iconicity of his graphs made them suitable for analyzing logical reasoning. Iconic signs can be said to show their meaning, and this paper studies the ways in which graphs do this. Peirce's pragmatic analysis of propositions resembles game-theoretical semantics, and existential graphs show what they mean by displaying the structure of the semantic game for the proposition represented by a graph.

The relationships between automobile head-up display presentation images and drivers’ Kansei

This study explored the relationships between automobile head-up display (HUD) presentation image designs and drivers’ Kansei, using quantitative and qualitative analysis. There were two major stages in this study. The objective of the first stage was to find representative Kansei factors from a large semantic space, using factor analysis and cluster analysis. In the second stage, a prediction model for the relationships between the representative Kansei factors and HUD physical image design properties were created, using Quantification Theory Type 1. Results were discussed based on the whole subject population, age differences, and gender differences, respectively. Finally, two existing HUD presentation images on the market were used to test the validity and feasibility of the prediction model, using a one-sample t-test. The results show that our model can successfully predict drivers’ Kansei for a given HUD presentation image. The results can also be used to customize a HUD presentation image which caters to the drivers’ feelings and emotions.

Xinhe Mine water inrush risk assessment based on quantification theoretical models

Taking the Xinhe mine’s structure, mine pressure, structural fissure, fault and fault displacement, the distance between fault and water inrush point, thickness of block, water pressure those geological factors which influenced the water inrush as the independent variable, based on these data of water inrush point and water uninrush point, using the method of quantification theory(I,II), it would quantitatively disposes the qualitative variable, applied to calculation to evaluate the risk of Xinhe’s water inrush.

Statistical analyses on winter energy consumption characteristics of residential buildings in some cities of China

The purposes of this paper are to analyze winter energy use of residential buildings in different cities of China, and to figure out the influence factors of winter residential energy use. The investigated residences were located in seven typical cities of five architectural thermotechnical design zones. Questionnaire surveys revealed building characteristics, household characteristics, the utilization of domestic appliances, and thermal environment in winter. Winter energy consumption in different cities bears obvious regional characteristics. In south China, Hong Kong has the largest mean household energy use amount, and Changsha and Chongqing follow Hong Kong; Kunming in the warm zone has the small energy use. In north cities, if district space heating is excluded from total energy use, Urumqi and Xi’an have the energy use at the smallest level, but space heating use is very huge. The energy use amounts of space heating of Tangshan, Urumqi and Xi’an are several times as large as the amounts of all the end uses in the southern cities. The analysis on influence factors of winter energy use are made for Chongqing and Hong Kong, respectively, by Quantification Theory I, and the results show there exist obvious differences in influence factors between the two cities.

Polyadic Quantification via Denoting Concepts

The question of the origin of polyadic expressivity is explored and the results are brought to bear on Bertrand Russell's 1903 theory of denoting concepts, which is the main object of criticism in his 1905 On Denoting. It is shown that, appearances to the contrary notwithstanding, the background ontology of the earlier theory of denoting enables the full-blown expressive power of first-order polyadic quantification theory without any syntactic accommodation of scopal differences among denoting phrases such as 'all φ', 'every φ', and 'any φ' on the one hand, and 'some φ' and 'a φ' on the other. The case provides an especially vivid illustration of the general point that structural (or ideological) austerity can be paid for in the coin of ontological extravagance.

An Evaluation of the Pelvic Score by the Quantification Theory for Categorical Data

The scoring system for pelvic examination used in Tsukuba University Hospital was evaluated by the quantification theory to investigate the precision in predicting the date of labor onset. The objects of this study were 137 nulliparous gravidae and 142 multiparous gravidae who had spontaneous onset of labor at full-term. In this analysis, we used 15 categories of findings in the examination as independent variables, and as the objective variable we used the interval from the examination to the labor onset. The multiple correlation coefficients in nulliparae was 0.593 and in multiparae 0.598. The following conclusions were reached concerning the assessment of labor onset: (1) The consistency of the cervix and the engagement of the vertex in nulliparous gravidae should be given more consideration. (2) In multiparous gravidae the dilatation of the cervix and the engagement of the vertex are important factors. (3) A different scoring system should be employed for both nulliparae and multiparae.

To be (something) or not to be: Existence and predication in Aristotle’s logic and metaphysics

This paper offers a new interpretation of Aristotle’s logical system that allows us to break away from a presumably inescapable dilemma inherent to any attempt of justification from a strictly formal standpoint; namely, either the system stands apart from any standard system of mathematical logic — propositional logic, class theory, quantification theory, etc. — or it is lacking in consistency . While some other attempts have been made that seem to avoid this dilemma, they have always resulted in an intolerably strong restriction of the Semantics underpinning the Aristotelian system. These are, therefore, unsatisfactory solutions that undermine some of the key principles of Aristotelian metaphysics. One by-product of the solution presented here is a reappraisal of some elements in Aristotle’s theory of Being that breaks down several contemporary misconceptions on the subject. Key words: logic, Aristotle, justification, mathematical logic.

There is No Easy Road to Nominalism

Hartry Field has shown us a way to be nominalists: we must purge our scientific theories of quantification over abstracta and we must prove the appropriate conservativeness results. This is not a path for the faint hearted. Indeed, the substantial technical difficulties facing Field’s project have led some to explore other, easier options. Recently, Jody Azzouni, Joseph Melia, and Stephen Yablo have argued (in different ways) that it is a mistake to read our ontological commitments simply from what the quantifiers of our best scientific theories range over. In this paper, I argue that all three arguments fail and they fail for much the same reason; would-be nominalists are thus left facing Field’s hard road.

Product-form design model based on genetic algorithms

Industrial design attempts to enhance quality of life by designing products that meet consumer requirements. Combining concepts from various fields, including design, computer technology, aesthetics, and economics, industrial designers seek to improve quality of life by designing products that meet consumer needs. Industrial designers focus on customers' perceptions of products and their preferences for certain shapes, textures, colors, styles, linguistic variables, prices, and functions. Because new products are continuously being released, manufacturers must continually design products to satisfy customer needs to avoid displacement by market competitors. When planning strategies for marketing products to various users and consumers, managers must often consider multiple combinations of product shapes and must design products that cater to consumer tastes to minimize the risk of their products being rejected by the market. Companies with highly-skilled designers have more ideas, better and more competitive products, and shorter production times than companies with weak designers. This study analyzed product styles by applying genetic algorithms and Kansei Engineering Type II (AHP and Quantification Theory Type I). This research transforms the psychological conceptions of consumers into linguistic variables. A MATLAB program was constructed to enable designers to simulate consumer logic. The cognitive dissonance between virtual and real models was minimized by using a 3D CAD model, and the virtual model of optimum solutions in this study employed a rapid prototyping machine to generate real models efficiently. Future genetic algorithm models applying different decision theories may achieve even faster and more accurate results. Relevance to industry Component diversification enables rapid improvement in product competitiveness. This study proposes a support model that conforms to the psychological preferences of consumers by applying a genetic algorithm method. Therefore, the model is applicable to electronic commerce websites or to other unmanned shops.

Study of uneven pulmonary ventilation by sequential bolus method

We report a new method of measuring the sequential ventilation associated with the primary mechanism for ventilation inhomogeneity. Four types of sequential curves were examined using simultaneous washouts of multiple tracer boluses inhaled from residual volume (RV) and at volumes above RV. The factors that affected the classification of curves were analyzed by the theory of quantification from the statistical data of blood gases, lung function tests, X-ray and clinical diagnosis. This method was applied to evaluate the ventilation distribution in 100 patients with pulmonary disease. It provided clinical information on certain types of disease which cannot be detected by traditional lung function tests. Sequential bolus method may permit determination of whether the disease has predominantly intra or inter-regional inhomogeneity.

Intercultural problems in data analysis of national characters

This paper investigates the intercultural conflict in the data analysis of national characters and values. Statistics is contradictory between the mathematically universal deduction method and the data-based induction, the latter of which often depends on the national way of thinking. This is particularly critical in analysing national values. A group of mathematical statisticians in Japan developed a set of statistical theories (called the quantification theories) in the process of analysing the data of Japanese behaviours, characters and values. But international statistical communities ignored the quantification theories as deviated from the worldwide stream of mathematical statistics, while the majority of behavioural scientists in Japan supported the quantification theories as suitable to the analysis of Japanese data, frequently used them, and evolved them from mathematical statistics techniques to data science and further to a rather general philosophy of informatics. This paper uses the bibliometric method to analyse this Japanese-specific informatics.