Innovation Adoption Theory Research Articles

Customer Perception Towards Pharmaceuticals' Private Labels in Malaysia: Extending DOI Integrated Framework

In recent years, Malaysia's pharmaceutical sector has experienced substantial changes, most notably the emergence of a thriving private label market in response to shifting users’ preferences and market dynamics. Product labels, which are alternatively referred to as store brands or own labels, pertain to items produced or procured by a retailer for sale under its own brand. Private labels provide consumers with cost-effective alternatives to branded pharmaceuticals, while still offering the assurance of comparable efficacy and quality. Despite the increasing use of private labels in the pharmaceutical business, there is still a lack of understanding about customer perception towards these products in Malaysia. This concept paper aims to address the research gap in Malaysia by thoroughly investigating the factors that influence the adoption of private label pharmaceutical products. This research uses an integrated conceptual framework from buyer perception models and innovation adoption theories to explain the complex relationships between information, relative advantage, compatibility, risk and complexity, and intentions to adopt in retail pharmacy brands. By taking a holistic approach, we want to gain a deep understanding of consumer perception of pharmaceutical private labels across disciplines. The study strives to accomplish these goals by building a complete knowledge of the determinants that effect buyers’ conduct with regard to pharmaceutical private labels in Malaysia. Furthermore, it intends to provide pharmaceutical industry stakeholders with knowledge that can be utilized to formulate efficacious marketing approaches and strengthen consumer confidence in private label products.

Factors Affecting the Adoption of E-HRM Practices in Public Service Organizations in Tanzania: A Case Study of the Tanzania Judicial Service Commission Headquarters

The scanty understanding on the factors affecting the adoption of e-HRM practices among public service organizations in Tanzania posed a rationale of undertaking this study. The study took place at the Judicial Service Commission of Tanzania. This study sought to address three specific objectives; to assess HRM practices which are under e-HRM, factors influencing the adoption of e-HRM practices and challenges facing the adoption of e-HRM practices in the study area. This study was guided by innovation adoption theory. The study used descriptive case-study research design with a mix of qualitative and quantitative research approaches. Simple random sampling was used to sample 77 respondents out of 96 employees who constitute the target population from the study area. Data collection was done through interview and questionnaire methods where contents analysis and descriptive statistics analysis were used in data analysis. The study findings revealed seven HRM practices in the study area are under e-HRM namely planning, recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, compensation, health related, safety and labour relations practices. The study findings further revealed social, economic and institutional factors as the major factors influencing the adoption of e-HRM practices in the study area. This study concluded inadequate ICT skills among employees, competent ICT experts, financial resources, e-HRM practices awareness, capacity building programs, supportive laws and policies as the major challenges facing the adoption of e-HRM practices. The study further concludes the e-HRM having strong contribution to the entire organizational performance. In the view of the revealed study findings, the study hereby recommends to the public service organizations to conduct routine capacity building programs for creating awareness and strengthening the adoption of e-HRM practices in the organizational undertakings.

Evolutionary Marketing Strategies for New High-Technology Product Sales: Effects of Customers’ Innovation Adoption

The level of product innovation is a prerequisite for high-technology product manufacturers to remain competitive. However, the customers of such products may behave differently in adopting innovative products, as proven by the innovation-adoption theories. Accordingly, the marketing strategy of distributing firms becomes critical in promoting the customers’ innovation adoption. Such distributors also face competitive markets where the rivals may choose dominant strategies. Regarding these issues, this article proposes a model for strategy adoption of competitive high-technology distributors, considering the impacts of external factors (including customers’ innovation-adoption behavior and rival's actions). To this end, an evolutionary game model is developed for the competitive distributors’ strategy adoption. Meanwhile, the impacts of customers’ behaviors are modeled based on the innovation-adoption theories and applied in the demand functions that are inputs for the evolutionary game model. If replacement and sales services are two alternative strategies that the competitive distributors can choose, this model determines which one is the evolutionary stable marketing strategy for them. The analyses demonstrated that the replacement service is the strategy that will finally be adopted by a plethora of distributors in the long run. The results shed light on the determination of marketing strategies.

Challenges for implementing biophilic strategies in Australian building design

Although biophilic design, particularly, direct nature integration (DNI) strategies like green roofs and green walls are associated with multiple benefits including building occupants’ well-being and carbon sequestration, their adoption in building design is limited in some developed countries like Australia. Architects and building sustainability consultants significantly influence design decisions; however, research focused on exploring DNI adoption barriers from their perspective is limited. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the challenges limiting adoption of DNI strategies in Australia through the lens of innovation adoption theories. Semi-structured interviews with 24 architects and sustainability consultants focused on identifying barriers stemming from “organisation”, “building client”, “designer”, “innovation”, and “socio-political influencers”. Like in previous studies, “budget constraints” and “maintenance burden” were identified as key barriers in this research, thus, affirming their persisting negative impact on DNI adoption. However, the innovation adoption framework led to identifying new barriers like “builder influence” (socio-political influencers), “employment circumstances” (designer), and “business constraints” (organisation). The new barriers discovered in this research may be relevant to other countries; however, further studies are needed to identify dimensions relevant to other contexts. These studies will benefit from the research framework developed in this research.

Nexus Among ICT Support for Core Competencies, Competitive Advantage and Firm Performance: A Managerial Phenomenology Approach

This study analysed the nexus among ICT support for core competencies, competitive advantage and firm performance using data obtained from managers of firms in Harare, Zimbabwe. The qualitative phenomenological approach focused on the manufacturing and service sub-sectors that informed the analysis. The study used purposive sampling to select a sample of 10 participants, five business managers and five ICT experts. In-depth interviews with chosen ICT experts from business organisations in Harare, Zimbabwe, were conducted to gather qualitative data. The study's findings were from using within-case and cross-case qualitative data analysis. Key results from the study indicate that ICT support for management talent is perceived to impact business performance and competitive advantage positively. ICT support for core competencies gives businesses a competitive advantage that positively impacts operational performance. When ICT investments combine with ICT management skills, a company's value maximises. For ICT-enabled core competencies to influence firm performance, firms need complementary managerial and strategic capabilities. This study is distinctive because it addresses the dynamic organisational capabilities and resource-based perspective as the base theories. The methodology goes against the innovation adoption theories of comparable earlier studies on ICT acceptability. Thus, this study contributes to the growing body of ICT literature by demonstrating that ICT-enabled core competencies are insufficient to establish and maintain a competitive advantage and singularly influence firm performance. It made it even more essential for a firm to consider how to meet better customer needs and capture value by having a well-thought-out ICT-embedded business model, business strategy, and innovation alignment

ADOPSI INOVASI TEKNOLOGI KOMUNIKASI KPU DIY DALAM MENYAMPAIKAN PESAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT

The development of information and communication technology (ICT) in the era of globalization is increasingly advanced and its development is growing rapidly. Indonesia as a democratic country, it is appropriate to use ICT for various needs in the government sector. One of them is innovation in the use of new media, which is expected to be a transformation step from conventional media to digital. This study aims to see how the process of adopting innovations in the use of communication technology carried out by the DIY KPU, as well as the obstacles they face in conveying messages to the public. This study uses a qualitative approach and case study methods. The theory used is the theory of innovation adoption proposed by Everett Rogers. There were three people who became informants in this study, namely the Head of the Division of Socialization of Voter Education for Community Participation and Human Resources of the DIY KPU, then the Secretary of the DIY KPU and one staff of the Technical and Community Participation Relations section. Research findings show that in realizing innovation there are new prospects for the development of communication. The results of interviews with informants also show that there are several obstacles in terms of human resources, facilities and infrastructure, digital media infrastructure, and budgets in the use of ICT in KPU DIY.

Innovation adoption of blockchain technology in supply chain finance

This paper presents a multiple case study analysis on how blockchain technology (BCT) has been adopted in organisations to support supply chain finance (SCF) based on secondary data. Findings from the multiple case analysis indicate that BCT can cope with challenges in traditional SCF, including financing range, financing cost, financing efficiency, and risk management. Before the implementation of the BCT, multiple parties’ decision on jointly operating the blockchain-based SCF platform enables them to take full advantage of their inherent resources and blockchain characteristics. Also, both the BCT and enterprises need internal and external adjustments, which are interrelated. The unexpected issues may emerge from the pilot stage, but the adjustments are still involved in the previous stages, leading to a feedback loop from the pilot stage to the redefining/restructuring stage. To realise large-scale implementation of blockchain-based SCF solutions, more stakeholders need to be motivated to adopt the BCT, and new laws and regulations should be developed to promote the BCT adoption. Based on these findings and by applying innovation adoption theory, an overall implementation framework is proposed to provide a meaningful guidance for organisations to adopt BCT in SCF.

Transactions Involving Electric Vehicles for Green Technology

This study focuses on using consumer motivation to encourage the adoption of cleaner technologies. Consumers are varied since they may be driven by internal or external reasons. Though information provision methods may be helpful in encouraging some consumers to purchase electric vehicles. Also, financial incentive schemes such as discounts or penalties may be more persuasive to extrinsically driven customers. This article offers a sophisticated theory of environmental innovation adoption in which information-provision methods are complemented with economic incentives. The different studies have been done to find out the policies for encouraging customers to reduce the harmful impacts of transportation system on environment. The projection of electric cars sales by 2030 is examined. Finally, the different reasons fueling development of electric cars are explored in depth. The results of this study would be of particular relevance to legislators who seek to push consumers toward greener technologies.

Farmer Cards: Model, Database, Accuracy, and Improvement in Goverment Quality Service

This study aims to test the model adoption of farmer card innovation by farmers. Data were collected through the use of the survey technique. The respondents were obtained through cluster sampling from six districts that included the greatest numbers of farmer card users in central Java. Data analysis was done through the SEM technique. As a result, from the five variables included, reconstruction and merging of the independent variables were then carried out so that three important antecedent variables appeared regarding influencing the adoption of farmer cards, namely leadership, facility conditions, and the role of government mediated by perceptions of card technology. The application of farmer cards produced such a farmer database, accuracy improvement, and government service to farmers. Future research needs to be directed toward carrying out development research related to increasing the capacity of information technology regarding farmer cards; hence it will bring better welfare to farmers. No previous research has explained how small farmers adopt information technology provided by the government. Many events have transpired, but these dynamics have not been revealed in previous research. This research resulted in an adoption model that enriches the previous Rogers’ innovation adoption theory, especially how leadership factors play an important role in the adoption of information technology innovations

Effects of Social Media on Consumer Brand Awareness and Patronage of Nike Lake Resort Services in Enugu: An Innovation Adoption Theory & Hierarchy of Effects Model Exposition

Communication has initiated a paradigm shift from the traditional to new the new social media. This study investigated the influence of Twitter messages and Facebook messages on consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services in Enugu: an innovation adoption theory & hierarchy of effects model exposition. The specific objectives of the study were to ascertain the extent of the influence of Twitter messages on consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services. Also, to determine the extent of the influence of Facebook messages on consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services. This study contributed to the extant gap in marketing literature by using Twitter messages and Facebook messages to promote Nike Lake Resort services in Enugu. The population of the study includes guests of Nike Lake Resort selected through a convenient sampling technique. The survey method was adopted and the sample size of 384 was determined using Freud and William’s formula known as the Z-score method. Cronbach’s alpha was used to determine the reliability of the instrument of 0.870. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was used to analyse data. Findings revealed a significant positive influence of Twitter messages on consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services (r = 0.937, p < 0.05). Also, it was revealed that there is a significant positive influence of Facebook messages on consumer brand awareness and patronage of Nike Lake Resort services (r = 0.943, p < 0.05). Twitter messages and Facebook messages are effective marketing tools for communicating Nike Lake Resort services to consumers. There is need for Nike Lake Resort to continuously improve on the use of Twitter messages and Facebook messages channels to help boost consumer awareness and patronage in future.

Blockchain adoption in food supply chains: a review and implementation framework

Blockchain technology has received significant attention from the food industry; however, due to the scarcity of successful Blockchain projects and sector-specific studies, a step-by-step approach for implementing Blockchain in food supply chains (FSCs) is still missing. A systematic literature review of 69 high-quality, peer-reviewed articles is utilized to capture Blockchain adoption drivers and barriers, applications, and implementation stages within FSCs. Current Blockchain issues such as scalability, regulations, privacy, and incentivization are identified as future research opportunities. Following innovation adoption theory, a three-stage conceptual framework for Blockchain implementation in FSCs is developed. The proposed framework is novel and is expected to benefit food chain managers in establishing the suitability of Blockchain for their organization and/or wider supply network. Identified influential factors, case examples, and implementation stages are expected to guide practitioners in developing a roadmap for adopting Blockchain in the food industry.

Digital forest information platform as service innovation: Finnish Metsaan.fi service use, users and utilisation

Abundance of information characterises decision-making about forest use. This challenges forest owners. Digitalisation and diverse e-services may enhance the delivery of forest resource information and decision support. However, little is known on how e-services engage forest owners. This study explores the Finnish state-funded Metsaan.fi e-service portal as a service innovation. We use web-based survey data about forest owners' views on aforementioned e-service (N = 5170) and register data about Finnish forest owners. The identified factors explain the respondents' activity in using the service. Theories of innovation diffusion and e-service quality framed the content analysis of the open-ended questions of the survey. According to the quantitative analysis, owners with timber production objectives and multi-objective owners were the most active users. Forest owners who were compliant with the service's recommendations of silviculture and harvesting operations, used the service actively. This implies that these forest owners had found the service useful. The qualitative analysis shows that independence from time and place and the ease-of-use make the service more inviting. The lack of forest inventory data or its perceived low quality detract forest owners from using it. Many forest owners expect the service to replace forest management plans as decision support tool but the information content there does not fully fulfil those expectations. The study produced knowledge for developing further the online platform and its services. Furthermore, it created understanding about e-government services in the management of natural resources. Specifically, the results argue for noticing attitudinal patterns of intended users when designing governmental e-services. Further research is suggested to integrate innovation adoption theory and service-research theory to dig deeper into the value creation and service needs of different user groups.

Management information system adoption at the farm level: evidence from the literature

PurposeThis paper reviews the academic contributions that have emerged to date on the broad definition of farm-level management information systems (MISs). The purpose is twofold: (1) to identify the theories used in the literature to study the adoption of digital technologies and (2) to identify the drivers of and barriers to the adoption of such technologies.Design/methodology/approachThe literature review was based on a comprehensive review of contributions published in the 1998–2019 period. The search was both automated and manual, browsing through references of works previously found via high-quality digital libraries.FindingsDiffusion of innovations (DOIs) is the most frequently used theoretical framework in the literature reviewed, though it is often combined with other innovation adoption theories. In addition, farms’ and farmers’ traits, together with technological features, play a key role in explaining the adoption of these technologies.Research limitations/implicationsSo far, research has positioned the determinants of digital technology adoption mainly within the boundaries of the farm.Practical implicationsOn the practical level, the extensive determinants’ review has potential to serve the aim of policymakers and technology industries, to clearly and thoroughly understand adoption dynamics and elaborate specific strategies to deal with them.Originality/valueThis study’s contribution to the existing body of knowledge on the farm-level adoption of digital technologies is twofold: (1) it combines smart farming and existing technologies within the same category of farm-level MIS and (2) it extends the analysis to studies which not only focus directly on adoption but also on software architecture design and development.

Identification of facilitators of sustainability innovation adoption by hoteliers of India

Purpose This study aims to unfold the factors which influence the sustainability innovation (SUSINNOV) adoption initiatives taken by the hoteliers in India. Also, an empirical approach has been used to develop a scale entitled “sustainability innovation adoption scale”. Design/methodology/approach Churchill’s (1979) scale development methodology has been used in the current study. An exhaustive literature review was done for item generation. For scale refinement, an empirical study was conducted on managers of hotels in India to understand the sustainability initiatives taken by them. Structural equation modelling has been implemented to know about the causal effects between the various unobserved variables. Findings A scale to measure factors influencing SUSINNOV adoption by hoteliers has been developed and validated empirically. The findings highlight that there are three major factors which influence SUSINNOV adoption: diffusion of innovation (DIT) within the industry, environmental marketing strategy adopted by organisations and sustainability initiatives taken by companies and customers. Moreover, current study also attempts to highlight that DIT has a significant positive influence on environmental marketing system. Research limitations/implications This study has multiple implications for hotel industry practitioners as well as academicians. The present three-dimensional conceptual model can be used for novel causes by implementing the sustainability initiatives in the hotel industry which can result in socially acceptable, economically viable and environment-friendly practices. An important contribution of the current study is that it proposes a theoretical model and develops a scale which will enrich the innovation adoption theories. Managers can use this scale to evaluate the status of SUSINNOV adoptions in their business practices. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first temporal and spatial study which tries to make a scale by including a holistic view of the facilitators of sustainable innovation adoption in the hotel industry.

Deep learning diffusion by infusion into preexisting technologies – Implications for users and society at large

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the form of Deep Learning (DL) technology has diffused in the consumer domain in a unique way as compared to previous general-purpose technologies. DL has often spread by infusion, i.e., by being added to preexisting technologies that are already in use. We find that DL-algorithms for recommendations or ranking have been infused into all the 15 most popular mobile applications (apps) in the U.S. (as of May 2019). DL-infusion enables fast and vast diffusion. For example, when a DL-system was infused into YouTube, it almost immediately reached a third of the world's population. We argue that existing theories of innovation diffusion and adoption have limited relevance for DL-infusion, because it is a process that is driven by enterprises rather than individuals. We also discuss its social and ethical implications. First, consumers have a limited ability to detect and evaluate an infused technology. DL-infusion may thus help to explain why AI's presence in society has not been challenged by many. Second, the DL-providers are likely to face conflicts of interest, since consumer and supplier goals are not always aligned. Third, infusion is likely to be a particularly important diffusion process for DL-technologies as compared to other innovations, because they need large data sets to function well, which can be drawn from preexisting users. Related, it seems that larger technology companies comparatively benefit more from DL-infusion, because they already have many users. This suggests that the value drawn from DL is likely to follow a Matthew Effect of accumulated advantage online: many preexisting users provide a lot of behavioral data, which bring about better DL-driven features, which attract even more users, etc. Such a self-reinforcing process could limit the possibilities for new companies to compete. This way, the notion of DL-infusion may put light on the power shift that comes with the presence of AI in society.

An integration of TAM with usage barriers and ability to understand consumers intention to use SSTs

This study examined the factors that influence consumers’ acceptance and use of self-service technology by integrating a ground theory model such as the technology acceptance model and the theory of innovation adoption. The variables that affect consumers’ attitudes and intentions were investigated; this included perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, relative advantage, complexity and knowledge. Further, the variables from the resistance theory, which consist of usage barriers and ability, were investigated. Interviews and surveys were conducted with two business operators that provide TVM services; eight hundred online and offline consumers who experienced the TVMs were selected as a sample. The research model of this study was developed, and the correlations between the variables analyzed, using structural equation modeling. Our results confirm that the factors such as relative advantage, knowledge, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use positively affected the attitude and intention toward using the TVM; factors such as usage barriers and complexity negatively impacted the intention to use the top-up machine. These results can be used as baseline data for developing or designing self-service technology. Entrepreneurs should consider these factors to make technology continue to be recognized and persisted in the use of technology.

Digital innovations in rural micro-enterprises

Abstract Digitalization gives micro-enterprises and rural areas new possibilities and it can support their competitiveness. In this paper, we have presented one way of supporting the diffusion and adoption of digital innovations in rural micro-enterprises. First, we examined the challenges and digital competence of the micro-enterprises in the rural areas of Central Finland to better understand what they needed. The second step was to develop a workshop concept. Theories of innovation diffusion and adoption were used as a base for these workshops. The last step was to evaluate the developed concept, its effects and challenges. We found that the workshop concept worked well for spreading information, for encouraging a positive attitude towards digital innovations, and for planning the use of innovations. Important factors in order for this concept to work were trust, communication, and changing the roles of agents and opinion leaders.

Motives for solar photovoltaic (PV) adoption in urban Nigeria

Microgeneration technologies like residential solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have been shown to have immense potential for energy security and climate change mitigation. At over 50% private power systems ownership, the majority of urban Nigerian households rely on conventional self-generation utilising expensive petrol and diesel-powered generators. Despite the high upfront costs of a sizeable PV module, some households are choosing such sustainable alternative power. This paper investigates the motives for PV adoption in urban Nigeria following innovation diffusion and adoption theories. Using interviews, PV adopter data were collected on key drivers for uptake and results analysed. Field survey analysis established the key motives for uptake as power outages, energy cost-savings, including generator use fuel fraud, awareness and access to finance while key barriers include high capital costs and lack of finance. The results point to the need for regulatory and political intervention. Effective PV awareness creation campaigns and promotional strategies would also be necessary in the changing face of electricity supply in Nigeria.

Perubahan Perladangan menjadi Perkebunan dan Dampaknya terhadap Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan di Provinsi Riau

Swidden agriculture is often associated on forest and land fires. Meanwhile, swidden agriculture do not always cause forest and land fires because the community applied their local knowledge. This study aim to describe the changes of swidden agriculture practices to plantation, and explain the impact of the swidden agriculture and plantation practice on forest and land fires in Riau Province. Theory of cultural change dan theory of innovation adoption were used to explain it. Survey method was used in this study. The data were collected from interview techniques, observation and recording of secondary data from various sources. The results of this study show that law enforcement is the main reason in the technological changes. The results of this study also indicate that forest and land fires were not caused by swidden agriculture. In other words, swidden agriculture did not cause forest and land fires.

Do strategy, processes, personnel and technology affect firm’s propensity to adopt cloud computing?

PurposePrevious empirical research on cloud computing (CC) adoption factors has examined the effects of only a small number of firm’s characteristics on CC adoption. The purpose of this paper is to investigate empirically the effects of a wide set of firm’s characteristics, which concern four important aspects of it, its strategy, processes, personnel and technology, on the propensity to adopt CC.Design/methodology/approachHaving as theoretical background the technology, organization and environment (TOE) theory of technological innovation adoption, in combination with Scott-Morton’s framework on firm’s main elements, ten research hypotheses have been developed based on previous CC and management literature. They were tested using data collected through the e-Business W@tch Survey of the European Commission from 676 European firms from three traditional manufacturing sectors.FindingsThe results reveal three characteristics of a firm that affect positively its propensity to adopt CC for all firm sizes: the adoption of ICT investment reduction strategy, the adoption of product/service innovation strategy and the sophistication of firm’s administration support ICT infrastructure. Furthermore, they reveal four additional characteristics of a firm that affect positively the propensity for CC adoption only in the small firms: the adoption of process innovation strategy, the employment of ICT personnel, as well as the sophistication of firm’s production support and e-sales ICT infrastructures.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, this study provides a theoretical foundation for the elaboration of the organizational perspective of the TOE theory of technological innovation adoption, which opens a new stream of CC adoption factors research, investigating the effects of a wide range of firm’s characteristics on CC adoption. Second, based on the above foundation, this study enriches substantially the empirical literature on CC adoption factors. The main limitation of this study is that it has been based on data from only three European manufacturing sectors.Practical implicationsThe findings provide new interesting insights concerning specific firm’s characteristics and therefore internal conditions that increase its propensity for CC adoption, and reveal specific kinds of strategy and ICT infrastructures for which CC is more appropriate and beneficial.Originality/valueThe authors have developed a theoretical foundation for extending our knowledge concerning the characteristics and internal conditions of firms that favor/promote the adoption of CC, which supports and enables the substantial extension of the existing knowledge base on CC adoption factors. Based on this theoretical foundation, the authors have formulated and tested ten research hypotheses concerning effects of firm’s strategic directions, processes, ICT infrastructures and ICT personnel, which have not been investigated previously, on CC adoption propensity.