Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of cultural background on language comprehension in Philippines. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Research on the influence of cultural background on language comprehension in the Philippines reveals significant disparities in reading proficiency among students from diverse cultural contexts. Studies indicate that students who identify strongly with their cultural heritage often demonstrate better comprehension of texts that resonate with their cultural experiences, while those encountering unfamiliar cultural references face challenges in understanding materials. Factors such as socio-economic status, access to educational resources, and the prevalence of multilingualism also impact comprehension outcomes. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Cultural-historical activity theory, sociocultural theory & intercultural communication theory may be used to anchor future studies on the influence of cultural background on language comprehension in Philippines. Educators should implement culturally responsive teaching strategies that acknowledge and leverage students' cultural backgrounds in language instruction. Educational policymakers should prioritize the inclusion of cultural diversity in language education frameworks and curricula.