Thecontrol Group Research Articles

Effects of 6-Week Weighted-Jump-Squat Training With and Without Eccentric Load Reduction on Explosive Performance.

To compare the effects of 6-week barbell weighted-jump-squat (WJS) training with and without eccentric load reduction on explosive performance. Twenty well-trained male athletes were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 10) or a control group (n = 10). Participants completed 12 WJS training sessions (6 sets of 5 repetitions of barbell back squat at 30% of 1-repetition maximum[1RM]) twice a week over a 6-week period. While thecontrol group used 0% eccentric loading (ie,traditional WJS), theexperimental group utilized a 50% eccentric loading reduction with a mechanical braking unit (ie,eccentric load set at 15% of 1RM). Performance assessments, including countermovement jump, 20-m sprint, standing long jump, and 1RM barbell back squat, were conducted both before (pretests) and after (posttests) the intervention. Both theexperimental group and thecontrol group demonstrated a significant increase in countermovement-jump height (+6.4% [4.0%] vs +4.9% [5.7%]; P < .001) and peak power output (+2.3% [2.7%] vs +1.9% [5.1%]; P = .017), faster 20-m sprint times (+9.4% [4.8%] vs +9.2% [5.5%]; P < .001), longer standing long jump (+3.1% [2.5%] vs +3.0% [3.3%]; P < .001), and higher 1RM back squat (+6.4% [4.0%] vs +4.9% [5.7%]; P < .001) from pretests to posttests. However, there was no significant condition × time interaction for any variable (all P ≥ .294). Both WJS training methods, with and without load reduction in the eccentric phase, effectively enhance explosive performance. Nevertheless, athletes in later stages of injury rehabilitation or intense training may find reducing eccentric load a more tolerable strategy for achieving similar performance gains compared with traditional isoinertial loading.

The Use of Daflon Tablets in Treating Hemorrhoids and Alleviating Symptoms

Background: Varicose-like bulging veins that occur in the anus and lower rectum are known as hemorrhoids. Depending on their degree of prolapse, they can cause symptoms such as bleeding, discomfort, mucous discharge, perianal irritation, and burning. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of Daflon pills on the treatment of hemorrhoids and their associated symptoms, as well as the duration of hospitalization and the likelihood of recurrence. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was used in this investigation. Patients who had been referred to the surgical clinic of the Madani Hospital in 2021 with hemorrhoid complaints were participants in a random selection process. Participants were separated into control groups (getting non-invasive regular treatments) and the intervention group after being informed and given ethical approval (Receiving Daflon 500 mg twice daily for 4 weeks). Patients' symptoms, potential sequelae, and illness recurrence were assessed in both chosen groups at each visit, and data was gathered until the desired sample size was reached. Results: This study was performed on 200 patients who received Daflon 500 mg (intervention, N = 100) or placebo (control, N = 100). The number of visits required to achieve therapeutic goals did not differ statistically significantly between the intervention and control groups (P &gt; 0.05). The mean recovery time was 56.5 ± 12.53 days for the intervention group and 61.04 ± 13.63 days for the control group, which is considered statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). A total of 56 patients (28.0%) relapsed and 144 patients (72.0%) recovered. This rate in the intervention group included 78 (78.0%) recovery and 22 (22.0%) relapsed and in the control group 66 (66.0%) recovered and 34 (34.0%) relapsed, clinically it suggests that treatment Daflon can prevent relapse of the disease, although the statistical results of this study do not support this hypothesis (P = 0.059). Conclusion: The study's findings demonstrated that Daflon therapy is a superior and more effective treatment option for all grades of hemorrhoids. Moreover, the medication's side effects are manageable, making it a well-tolerated choice.

Effect of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Combined With Hyaluronic Acid on Bone Formation in Dental Implant Sockets: An In Vivo Study in Sheep.

The goal was to evaluate the effect of the combined growth factor of hyaluronic acid (HA) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF)on acceleration and maturation of bone formation around titaniumdental implants in the bone-free space (jumping distance) of anover-preparation socket. Thirty-two titanium dental implants were placed in four sheepand distributed into one control group (A) and three experimental groups (B, C, and D) in two different time periods.Each sheep received eight implants. The eight implants in each sheep were distributed into four groups. The first period was one month after the initial placement, 16 implants were used in two sheep. The second period was three months after the initial placement; another 16 implants were used in the other two sheep.All implants were placed in over-prepared implant sockets, resulting in minimal primary stability. In Group A: the space between the dental implant and the bone of the inner wall of the socket was left without a growth substrate material. In Group B: we added HA between the dental implant and the bone of the inner wall of the socket. In Group C: we added A-PRF between the dental implant and the bone of the inner wall of the socket. In Group D: we added a combination of HA and A-PRF between the dental implant and the bone of the inner wall of the socket. Data was collected for each group at one month and three months at the same time. A high-resolution, desktop micro-CT system (Bruker Skyscan 1275, Kontich, Belgium) was used to scan the specimens. The NRecon software (ver. 1.6.10.4, SkyScan) and CTAn (SkyScan) were used for the visualization and quantitative measurement of the samples. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the means of the four study groups in the same period. A post hoc test was used after ANOVA to compare the means of two samples at the same time. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. After one month and three months of using combined HA and A-PRF on Group D, significant acceleration was observed in bone formation in all tests around dental implants compared with other groups, while no significant acceleration was observed when they were used separately; all three study groups showed significant results when compared with thecontrol group. Our data showed that using a combination of HA and A-PRF had a significanteffect on the acceleration of the bone formation and ossification process when added to bone-free space (jumping distance) around implants while leaving space without any growth substrates might delay the boneossification process.

Dry Eye Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

: Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multi-organ autoimmune disease of unknown etiology characterized by widespread inflammation and significant morbidity and mortality. Organ affection includes joint and cutaneous involvement, pulmonary, neurological, and cardiac problems, renal and hematological involvement as well as ocular comorbidities, both posterior but mostly anterior ocular involvement. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate dry eye involvement in lupus patients. A cross-sectional study was performed with the aid of a web-based, anonymous questionnaire that was distributed to both patients diagnosed with lupus erythematosus and to a control group. A total number of 123 patients diagnosed with lupus and 200 responders in the control group completed the questionnaire. Dry eye disease has already been diagnosed in 25 lupus patients (28.9%) compared to 44 (21.9%) individuals in the control group. Dry eye-related symptomatology was reported in 43 (34.60%) patients compared to 57 (28.35%) healthy responders. Upon statistical analysis, more symptoms were reported in the lupus group (p=0.01), in responders diagnosed with dry eye syndrome (p 0.01), and in responders using lubrication (p 0.01) but no association was obtained between the incidence of dry eye symptoms and the presence of the disease. The number of episodes of lupus reactivation since diagnosis was correlated with dry eye syndrome (p=0.15) and the use of lubricating tear drops (p 0.01). Dry eye symptoms and disease are more frequent in lupus patients and further research should be performed to understand the connection between these two disease entities.

Doxorubicin Loaded Nano-Gel Preoperative Application Effect as Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Osteosarcoma

This paper aimed to observe the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy with adriamycin loaded nano-gel on osteosarcoma. 120 patients with osteosarcoma who visited the hospital from January 2018 to February 2022 were selected as control group and nano group by the red blue ball method. The control group received conventional doxorubicin combined with ifosfamide chemotherapy. The nano group was treated with doxorubicin loaded nano-gel as adjuvant chemotherapy before surgery. Both groups received limb salvage surgery. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were compared between two groups before, after, and 1 day after chemotherapy. Follow up records were kept for 12 months to obtain adverse reactions to chemotherapy, postoperative clinical efficacy, and progression free survival time (PFS). No significant difference existed in ALP, LDH, VEGF, and bFGF levels between two groups of patients before chemotherapy (P &gt; 0.05). For the overall comparison, inter group, time, and interaction effects had statistical significance (P &lt; 0.05). For the comparison of two groups, the average ALP, LDH, VEGF, and bFGF in the nano group were lower after chemotherapy. The incidence of grade III–IV adverse reactions in the nano group was 10% lower than the controlling group. The CR+PR rate in the nano group was higher. The preoperative application of adriamycin loaded nano-gel as adjuvant chemotherapy can make the patients’ prognosis with osteosarcoma improved. It can enhance the chemotherapy effect, control the degree of adverse reactions of chemotherapy, and improve the clinical efficiency, thus extending the progression free survival period of patients with osteosarcoma.

EFFECT OF LONG-TERM ADMINISTRATION OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE ON BODY WEIGHT OF RATS AND SOME INDICES OF LIPID METABOLISM

EFFECT OF LONG-TERM ADMINISTRATION OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE ON BODY WEIGHT OF RATS AND SOME INDICES OF LIPID METABOLISM

The Effect of Glycemic Status on P Wave Dispersion.

Background and aim The growing number of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) across the world is a public health concern. The diabetes epidemic involves enormous health costs to the patients, their careers, and society at large. Cardiovascular diseases such as atrial fibrillation (AF) often develop in the diabetic population. An increase in the P wave dispersion (PWD) has been established as an independent risk factor for the occurrence of AF, hence the present study was conducted to establish a possible relationship between PWD and the glycemic status of the individualto predict the occurrence of AF ahead of clinical symptomology. Methodology A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital after obtaining approval from the institutional ethics committee and written consent of each study subject. The main steps included the selection and categorization of the study population based on their glycemic status, collection of demographic data, performing ECGs calculating PWD using digital calipers, and recording the data systematically for evaluation. Results In this study, 234 patients with a mean age of 53.3 ± 13.1 years were studied, of which 121 (51.7%) were maleand 113 (48.29%) were female. The 234 patients were divided into four groups based on their glycemic status - 74 uncontrolled DM patients (31.62%), 51 type 2 DM (T2DM) patients (21.78%), 56 prediabetespatients (23.93%), and 53 patients in thecontrol group (22.64%; not a known case of diabetes with normal HbA1c and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels).Minimal correlation was observed between FBS with PWD (r value0.175)and age with PWD (r value0.161), butstatisticalsignificance was observed only between age and PWD (p-value 0.014).The difference in means between the four different study groupswas found to be not statistically significant (p-value- 0.104); hence, no intergroup variation was noted. Conclusion Advancing age and higher fasting blood sugars have shown minimal correlation with widening P-wave dispersion. With further studies involving larger populations, this can be a promising aid in identifying PWD as a probable early predictor of atrial arrhythmias among diabetic patients.

Effect of adding short foot exercise to hip and knee focused exercises in treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundPatellofemoral pain syndrome is considered a common cause of anterior knee pain that could disturb function and limit daily activities. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of adding short foot exercise on pain, function, balance, and hip abductors, and quadriceps muscles strength in the treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.MethodsTwenty-eight male and female patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome with age ranged from 18 to 35 years old participated in this study. They were equally and randomly assigned into two groups; the study group which received short foot exercise in addition to hip and knee exercises (n = 14) and thecontrol group which received hip and knee exercises only (n = 14). Participants received their interventions during 6 consecutive weeks (12 sessions). Pain intensity, function, abductors quadriceps muscle strength, and balance were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, anterior knee pain scale (AKPS), hand-held dynamometer, and the Biodex Balance System respectively. All measurements were taken before and after 6 weeks of intervention in both groups. Multivariate analysis of variance was performed to compare the within and between groups effects for measured variables.ResultsThe within-group comparison showed significant improvement in pain severity, function, balance, and hip abductors, and quadriceps muscles strength in both groups post-treatment compared with pre-treatment. Between groups analysis, however, showed no significant statistical difference between both groups in all variables, except in pain, function, and mediolateral stability which showed better improvement compared to the control group.ConclusionsAdding short foot exercise to hip and knee exercises improved pain, function, and mediolateral stability in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov. NO: NCT05383781. Date 19/ 5/2022.

Safety and Efficacy of Charakokta Raktapachak Yoga in Patients of Urticaria (Kotha) Caused Due to Dooshivisha – A Randomized Controlled Trial

This controlled clinical study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of Charkokta Raktapachak Yoga in treating DooshivishajanyaKotha (urticaria), a condition known for its challenging recurrence. Two groups, each comprising 30 patients, were formed: a standard groupreceiving Tab. Cetrizine 10mg OD, and an experimental group receiving Tab. Raktapchak Yoga 500mg/day in two divided doses for 42 days.Follow-ups occurred every 7 days. The study evaluated manifestations such as raised edematous swelling (kotha), itching (kandu), burningsensation (daha), and pricking sensation (toda). Objective parameters like Hb, ESR, AEC, and stool examination were assessed before andafter the study. Statistical analysis revealed significant inter-group differences after treatment for urticaria (p = 0.0047), itching (p &lt; 0.0001),pricking sensation (p = 0.0025), and burning sensation (p = 0.0018). In the experimental group, significant improvements were observed inobjective parameters: hemoglobin levels (p = 0.0026), ESR (p &lt; 0.0001), AEC levels (p &lt; 0.0001), and stool examination (p = 0.0176).Symptoms such as the urticarial wheel, itching, pricking, and burning sensation were alleviated more in the experimental group than in thecontrol group. Recurrence of symptoms was reduced in the experimental group post-treatment compared to the standard group. Objectiveparameters improved in the experimental group, affirms the safety and efficacy of Charkokta Raktapachak Yoga in treating urticaria caused byDooshivisha.

Comparative Analysis of Anterior and Posterior Approaches in Hip Replacement Surgery: Enhancing Patient Efficiency

Hip replacement surgery, a significant orthopaedic intervention, is commonly undertaken to address hip pain stemming from aging or injury, particularly among elderly patients. The primary objective of this surgical procedure is to restore the patient's quality of life to its pre-operative state, enabling them to resume normal daily activities. Typically, the posterior approach has been the conventional surgical method for hip replacement, widely practiced both in Indonesia and globally. This evolving trend has sparked interest in comparing the effectiveness and outcomes of the anterior and posterior approaches, particularly concerning critical factors such as operating time, length of hospital stays, need for transfusion, and postoperative mobilization time. In pursuit of a comprehensive understanding, a study was conducted, focusing on patients who underwent hip replacement surgery at Siloam Kupang Hospital. The anterior approach was considered as the case group, while the posterior approach served as the control group. Surprisingly, the study did not identify any statistically significant differences in operating time and transfusion requirements between hip replacement surgeries utilizing the anterior approach and those employing the posterior approach. This suggests that, from a procedural standpoint, both approaches are comparable in terms of efficiency and blood management. However, when assessing postoperative outcomes, distinct trends emerged. The anterior approach demonstrated a notable advantage in terms of faster mobilization times, implying a quicker recovery and the potential for patients to regain their mobility sooner. On the other hand, the posterior approach exhibited a shorter hospital stay, suggesting a streamlined postoperative course. These findings contribute valuable insights to the ongoing discourse within the orthopaedic community regarding the merits of the anterior and posterior approaches in hip replacement surgery. As medical practices continue to evolve, such comparative studies play a pivotal role in refining surgical techniques and optimizing patient outcomes in the realm of orthopaedic interventions.

Computer-Assisted Morphometric Comparative Analysis of Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Regions (AgNORs) in Leukoplakia With Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral leukoplakia (OL) with dysplasia are closely linked conditions in the oral cavity, with the latter often indicating precancerous changes, underscoring the urgency of early detection and intervention. Histopathological confirmation is crucial for accurate diagnosis. The nucleolar organizer region (NOR), specifically analyzed through silver-staining (argyrophilic NORs), provides insights into nuclear changes associated with the lesion. Computer-assisted morphometric analysis enhances precision and objectivity in evaluating AgNOR-related parameters. Aim To conduct a computer-assisted morphometric comparison of AgNORs using various NOR-related parameters in cases of OSCC and leukoplakia with dysplasia and to evaluate their diagnostic significance. Materials and methods A computer-assisted morphometric analysis was conducted using various NOR-related parameters, such as nuclear profile area, single AgNOR profile area per nucleus, total AgNOR profile area per nucleus, and number of AgNOR profiles per nucleus on a total sample of 90 specimens, which includes leukoplakia with dysplasia (30), OSCC (30), and a control group, including 30 samples of normal oral mucosa. A comparison was conducted on the morphometric values between the groups under investigation. Tukey's multiple comparison tests and ANOVA were used to analyze the data and determine the differences between the groups. Results The present investigation revealed a significant difference in all four AgNOR-related parameters between leukoplakia and OSCC in comparison to the control group (normal oral mucosa). Comparing OL (41.78 ± 0.46) and OSCC (62.78 ± 0.47) to the control group (35.93 ± 0.99), the mean value of nuclear profile area (A Nuc) was significantly greater. In comparison to the control group (3.40 ± 0.09), the mean value of a single AgNOR profile area per nucleus (A NOR) was found to be relatively lower in both research groups, OL (2.00 ± 0.02) and OSCC (1.39 ± 0.01). The total AgNOR profile area per nucleus (TA NOR) had a mean value of 10.61 ± 0.69 in OL and 12.05 ± 0.28 in OSCC, respectively, compared to 7.82 ± 0.38 in the control group. The study found that there was more number of profiles of AgNORs per nucleus (n NOR)in the study groups of OL (5.30 ± 0.29) and OSCC (8.69 ± 0.19) than in thecontrol group (2.32 ± 0.11). Conclusion The parameters linked to the NOR are biologically informative and easy to check regularly in a pathology lab. Additionally, AgNORs give us important information that enables us to study the range of nuclear changes in malignant and potentially malignant lesions.

The opioid peptide β-endorphin interferes with the pituitary-testis axis in the Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus.

Although the involvement of β-endorphin (β-ERP) in vertebrate reproduction has been suggested, its role in testicular activity is not clear in fish. We describe the influence of β-ERP on spermatogenesis in a cichlid fish in the present paper. In comparison to the control group, the administration of β-ERP (3µg) caused a significant increase in the number of spermatogonia-A and spermatids. Following treatment with β-ERP (6µg), a significant increase in the number of spermatogonia-A was observed, whereas the numbers of all the other germ cells, excluding spermatogonia-B, significantly decreased in comparison to those in the control group. In addition, treatment of fish with 6µg β-ERP resulted in a significant reduction in the dimensions of the lumen and seminiferous lobules, the level of immunopositive androgen receptor (AR) expression in Sertoli cells, and the percentage of luteinizing hormone (LH) immunolabeled in the pituitary compared to those in the control group or the group treated with 3µg β-ERP. In contrast, the intensity of AR immunoreactivity and the percentage of LH immunolabeling were substantially increased in fish treated with 3µg β-ERP compared to those in thecontrol group. These findings reveal for the first time that a low dose of β-ERP stimulates the recruitment of spermatogonia as well as spermateleosis, whereas a high concentration affects the recruitment of germ cells prior to meiotic division in tilapia. These results suggest that β-ERP exerts modulatory effects at the testicular and hypophysial levels through alterations in AR expression and LH secretory activity, respectively, in teleosts.

Investigating the Effectiveness of Mindfulness Education on the Happiness of Women with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Using Social Media: An Educational Study

Aim:: Numerous studies have investigated the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation education on the improvement of physical and mental conditions in women. However, there is limited information about the effects of mindfulness counseling on happiness. Background:: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) causes not only physical problems in women but also mental problems, such as reduced levels of happiness. Objectives:: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the mindfulness meditation approach on the happiness of women with underlying premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Methods:: The sample size was estimated by power of 90%, confidence interval of 95%, δ1= 6.07and δ2 = 5.11, μ1= 23.05,μ2=19.01, Z1- β= 1.28, Z1- α/2 =1.96 and α = 0.05, the total number of the subjects was 112 respondents (56 in intervention and 56 in the control groups). One hundred twelve participants who had PMS in one interventional-educational study were randomly selected from the health centers in Isfahan. The samples were divided into two groups: intervention and control groups. The intervention group received eight 60-minute sessions of mindfulness education using Google Meet. They taught meditation in a sitting position for 1-10 minutes by using sounds and thoughts as the center of attention, applying the attention technique with a focus on body movements while breathing, and doing yoga and relaxing the muscles to relieve stress. The control group received no intervention. The data were collected using the demographic characteristics questionnaire and the Oxford Happiness questionnaire three times(before, immediately, and one month after the intervention). SPSS 23, chi-square, independent t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA were used to analyze the data. Results:: There was a significant increase in the mean score of happiness in the intervention group immediately and one month after the intervention (P=0.0001). Conclusion:: It was found that mindfulness education was effective on the level of happiness in women with PMS; therefore, this intervention can be used to improve the level of happiness in women with PMS.

Effectiveness of Myofascial Release on Mouth Opening in Subjects with Post Operative Buccal Mucosa Carcinoma

Background: Patient treatment after surgical excision of buccal mucosal carcinoma should prioritise symptomrelief and cancer prevention. Mouth exercise physiotherapy is widely regarded as a staple for expanding themouth, either on its own or in conjunction with other modalities. In order to better understand the manufactureand clinical effectiveness of Triscare mouth exercising devices in subjects with CA buccal mucosa, the currentstudy was conducted.Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Myofascial release for postoperative buccal cancerpatients.Materials and Methods: Subjects with buccal mucosa carcinoma were recruited from Saveetha Dental Collegeand Hospital for an experimental research using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two week postoperative BuccalMucosa Carcinoma subject volunteer. The participants were secretly separated into two groups using envelopes.Before and after treatment, jaw exercise and Myofascial release groups had their mouth opening and quality of lifeevaluated. Statistical analysis was performed on the collected data, and conclusions were drawn.Results: At the 4-week follow-up, the intervention group’s mean MO (48.06mm) was significantly higher than thecontrol group’s (44.66 mm) (p 0.002), and the intervention group also reported significantly higher GTQ scores andhigher health-related quality of life scores across all domains and items.Conclusion: We concluded that Participants in the intervention group improved more than those in the controlgroup, and they also reported higher levels of engagement with and satisfaction with their therapy.

Effect of Task Oriented Exercise with Wrist Flexibility Training among Badminton Players to Improve Wrist Mobility and to Prevent Wrist Injury: Comparative Study

Background: This study was conducted explicitly on the efficacy of task-oriented exercises paired with wristflexibility training on enhancing wrist mobility and reducing wrist injuries in badminton players.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to see how a structured intervention integrating task- oriented exercisesand wrist flexibility training benefited wrist mobility and injury prevention in badminton players.Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial design was used, with a sample of 70 intermediate- levelbadminton players participating. The participants were split into two groups: conventional and intervention. Theintervention group participated in a four-week programme that included task-oriented workouts with badmintonmovements and targeted wrist flexibility training. The typical group continued with their regular training schedule,with no wrist mobility modification. Validated metrics - ROM and Quick DASH score - were used to assess wristmobility and function.(Study period : September 2022-May 2023)Result: Preliminary research found that the intervention group had significantly better wrist mobility than thecontrol group. They also demonstrated enhanced ROM, flexibility, and functional performance of the wrist joint,as well as a significant decrease in wrist injury occurrence.Conclusion: These data indicate that combining task-oriented exercises with wrist flexibility training in badmintonplayers can successfully improve wrist mobility and lower the incidence of wrist injuries.

A114: Promoting Exercise Behavior for College Students by Compensating Intervention of Beliefs

Purpose: Compensatory Health Beliefs (CHBs) are essential to resolving the motivational conflicts between the desired and healthy goal in college students. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework is used to design a multidimensional training model, which compensates belief as a mediator, to research the influence of belief intervention compensation on promoting right exercise cognitive and behavior in college students. The purpose of this study was to discover whether this training model is able to inspire college students to attend exercise more effectively. Methods: A cohort of 218 college students from Guangzhou were involved in the research (20.04±1.5). The objects were divided into two groups. A total of 110 objects in the control group were mentored by professional physical exercise instructor, while for the rest 108 objects in the interventional group who received 45-minute lessons about compensatory beliefs 5 days per week for 12 weeks on top of professional physical exercise instructor. All objects were asked to write a tracker daily for self-monitor daily exercise behavior and mental condition. All objects were asked by the researcher to fill out the Exercise Motivational Conflict Questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire one week before and after the intervention. The correlations of compensated beliefs and other two variables were analyzed with descriptive data analysis, independent sample T-test, and multiple regression. Results: The subjects in the intervention group had higher levels of the exercise behavior than those in the control group. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the exercise motivational conflict has significantly positive correlations to exercise behavior (β = 0.47, SE = 0. 41, P &lt; 0. 01). By adding compensated belief in the intervention group, exercise motivational conflict still has significantly positive correlations to exercise behavior（β = 0.47, SE = 0.41, P &lt; 0.01）. The compensated belief has a significant effect among exercise motivational conflict and exercise behavior (β=0.26，SE=0.16，95% CI= (0.03 ~ 0.11) indirectly. Therefore, the mediating effect of compensated belief plays a significant role in promoting the effect between exercise motivational conflict and exercise behavior. Conclusion: The study indicated that the training model can positively predict college students’ exercise motivational conflict and exercise behavior and encourage college students to do exercise effectively. Meanwhile, compensated belief is an effective mediator which can reduce the problem of lack of exercise among college students.

Obstructive sleep apnea and bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis in women.

The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the frequency of BPS/IC seen in women diagnosed with OSA and in women without OSA. The study included a patient group of women with OSA and a control group of women without OSA. All the study participants were administered the Berlin Questionnaire, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI), and the Interstitial Cystitis Problem Index (ICPI). Differences between the women with OSA and thecontrol group were examined. The study sample consisted of 46 women with OSA and 46 controls.No significant difference was determined between the OSA and control groups concerning age and body mass index (p = 0.810, p = 0.060, respectively). The ESS was greater in the OSA group than in the control group (p = 0.007).The median (IQR) ICSI was8 (4-11.25) in women with OSA and5 (1.75-7.15) in controls (p < 0.001). The median (IQR) ICPI was7 (6.00-10.25) in women with OSA and6(1.75-8.00) in controls (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The ICSI symptoms and subsequent problems in daily life caused by the symptoms (ICPI) were experienced at a higher rate in patients withOSA than in the control group. There is an association between BPS/ICand OSA.

Effect of a Self-Made Herbal Decoction Containing Angelica sinensis Combined with an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Nursing Model on Anxiety, Depression, and Ovarian Function in Patients Undergoing Myomectomy

Angelica sinensis (A. sinensis), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), can tonify the blood, promote circulation, and nourish the body. This study investigates the potential of A. sinensis extract in improving ovarian function at the molecular level and its combined effects with other natural medicinal herbs in patients undergoing myomectomy. The impact of A. sinensis extract was assessed using a rat model of premature ovarian insufficiency. The rats were divided into four groups: control group, model group, low-dose Angelica group, and high-dose Angelica group. Serum levels of estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were determined, and the pathology of ovarian tissue was examined. The results revealed elevated expressions of E2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the treated groups compared to the model group, along with decreased levels of LH, FSH, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. In a clinical trial involving patients after myomectomy, the efficacy of a combination of TCM decoction containing A. sinensis and enhanced recovery after surgery nursing model was evaluated with anxiety, depression, and ovarian function as indicators. The observation group exhibited reduced levels of anxiety and depression, along with improved ovarian function compared to the control group. Moreover, it was observed that A. sinensis extract demonstrated the potential in enhancing ovarian function through molecular pathways, possibly involving Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling. These findings provide insights into novel therapeutic approaches for promoting ovarian health and emphasize the benefits of integrating traditional medicine with modern care strategies.

Synergistic Effect, and Therapeutic Potential of Aqueous Prickly Pear Extract. In vivo Neuroleptic, Catatonic, and Hypoglycemic Activity

Background: Prickly pear "Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. "otherwise known as the Indian fig tree, belongs to the family Cactaceae, and was known as a medicinal plant for its rich source of bioactive substances. Objective: The present work aims to promote prickly pear seeds for traditional therapy by phenolic profiling and pharmacological tests of aqueous extract. Method: An analytical quantification was performed by UV-Visible, and the identification of different bioactive compounds was done by HPLC-DAD. For pharmacological screening, an in vivo evaluation of the various tests, neuroleptic activity which consists of testing the recovery reflex; catatonic activity which is a test to detect catalepsy that can be characterized in animals by the administration of neuroleptic drugs; and for hypoglycemic activity a test was performed to assess glucose tolerance. Results: The administration of aqueous extract of the prickly pear seeds at a dose (400 mg/kg) allows a reduction in blood sugar with a maximum decrease of one and a half hours compared to the control group. Conclusion: This work makes it possible to postulate that the extract of prickly pear seeds is associated with a very interesting antihyperglycemic activity given its high content of phenolic compounds.

Periplaneta Americana Extract CII-3 (PAE CII-3) Triggers the Aging of K562 Cells by Modulating SIRT1/TSC2/mTOR Molecules

Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is considered a type of hematopoietic stem cell disease that affects the bone marrow and blood. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the possible role of the Periplaneta americana extract CII-3 (PAE CII-3) in the aging of K562 cells. Materials and Methods: The proliferation and cell cycle of K562 cells were determined using the CCK-8 assay and the cell cycle assay, respectively. K562 cells were stained with SA-β-Gal to evaluate cell aging. The mitochondrial membrane potential of K562 cells was detected with the JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit. Telomerase activity was verified using the PCR assay. The transcription of silencing information regulator 2 related enzyme 1 (SIRT1), TSC2, and the mTOR gene were evaluated with RT-PCR assay. The expression of SIRT1, p-TSC2, and p-mTOR was examined using a Western blot assay. Results: PAE CII-3 at all concentrations (5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 µg/mL) demonstrated obvious inhibitory effects on K562 cell proliferation, among which 80 µg/mL showed the highest inhibitory effect. PAE CII-3 significantly blocked the cell cycle and reduced the colony-forming unit (CFU) of K562 cells compared to those in the Control group (p &lt; 0.001). PAE CII-3 markedly increased positive SA-β-Gal staining K562 cells compared to the Control group (p &lt; 0.001). PAE CII-3 significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased TERT gene transcription in K562 cells compared to those of the Control group (p &lt; 0.001). The transcription of the SIRT1 gene (p &lt; 0.01) and the TCS2 gene (p &lt; 0.001) was markedly decreased, and the transcription of the mTOR gene (p &lt; 0.05) was significantly increased in K562 cells treated with PAE CII-3 compared to those of the Control group. PAE CII-3 significantly decreased the expression of SIRT1 (p &lt; 0.01) and p-TSC2 (p &lt; 0.001) and upregulated the expression of p-mTOR (p &lt; 0.01) in K562 cells compared to those of the Control group. Conclusion: PAE CII-3 treatment could trigger aging in K562 cells by activating the SIRT1/TSC2/mTOR signaling pathway. This study would provide a potential hypothesis of the mechanism by which PAE CII-3 treatment induces the aging of chronic myeloid leukemia cells.