Texturing Process Research Articles

Effect of Laser Surface Texturing Process on Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Used in Airplane

In this study, the effect of laser surface texturing (LST) applied to NiTi Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) on the dry sliding wear behavior of the material was investigated. After polishing and cleaning the material surface, a pitted surface texturing process was performed using a femtosecond laser under atmospheric conditions. After the surface texturing process, dry sliding wear tests were performed at room temperature. When the wear behavior of the laser-applied and non-laser-applied test samples was evaluated comparatively, it was determined that the coefficient of friction (COF) of the laser-applied samples under 1N load was approximately 17% lower. It was determined that the decrease in the COF value decreased with increasing load. However, the wear amount of the LSD-applied NiTi SMA was higher than the untreated sample. It was evaluated that this situation was due to thermal softening that occurred depending on the ablation geometry and dimensions.

Corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of magnesium alloy with bioactive glass-reinforced hydrogel composite coatings

Magnesium (Mg) alloy is a promising candidate for biodegradable implants; however, its rapid degradation can create an unstable physiological environment that hampers tissue regeneration. To address this challenge, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel composite reinforced with bioactive glass (BG) particles was developed as a coating for Mg alloy pellets, which underwent laser surface texturing (LST) and salting-out processes. results demonstrate that these treatments significantly enhance both the adhesiveness and swelling of the hydrogel coating. Notably, electrochemical corrosion assessments reveal a marked improvement in corrosion resistance, with the Mg–B1-L-S specimen exhibiting the highest performance after salting-out treatment. Electrochemical corrosion assessments revealed a significant enhancement in corrosion resistance for Mg alloy with the hydrogel coating, with the Mg–B1-L-S specimen showing superior performance following salting-out treatment. Immersion tests in simulated body fluid (SBF) confirmed the protective effect of the coatings, indicating that the addition of BG particles and salting-out treatment reduced mass loss and maintained pH stability. Biocompatibility evaluations through in vitro viability tests and osteogenic differentiation assays indicate that the Mg–B1-L and Mg–B1-L-S specimens exhibit superior cell activity, surface adhesion, and osteogenic potential. These findings highlight the effectiveness of PVA-BG hydrogel composite coatings in enhancing the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Mg alloy implants, positioning this approach as a significant advancement in the development of biodegradable materials for biomedical applications.

An automated CAD-to-XR framework based on generative AI and Shrinkwrap modelling for a User-Centred design approach

CAD-to-XR is the workflow to generate interactive Photorealistic Virtual Prototypes (iPVPs) for Extended Reality (XR) apps from Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models. This process entails modelling, texturing, and XR programming. In the literature, no automatic CAD-to-XR frameworks simultaneously manage CAD simplification and texturing. There are no examples of their adoption for User-Centered Design (UCD). Moreover, such CAD-to-XR workflows do not seize the potentialities of generative algorithms to produce synthetic images (textures). The paper presents a framework for implementing the CAD-to-XR workflow. The solution consists of a module for texture generation based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). The generated texture is then managed by another module (based on Shrinkwrap modelling) to develop the iPVP by simplifying the 3D model and UV mapping the generated texture. The geometric and material data is integrated into a graphic engine, which allows for programming an interactive experience with the iPVP in XR. The CAD-to-XR framework was validated on two components (rifle stock and forend) of a sporting rifle. The solution can automate the texturing process of different product versions in shorter times (compared to a manual procedure). After each product revision, it avoids tedious and manual activities required to generate a new iPVP. The image quality metrics highlight that images are generated in a “realistic” manner (the perceived quality of generated textures is highly comparable to real images). The quality of the iPVPs, generated through the proposed framework and visualised by users through a mixed reality head-mounted display, is equivalent to traditionally designed prototypes.

Topography of textured surfaces using an abrasive-water jet technology

Surface texturing is a technique that allows for the shaping of surface topography to meet various mechanical and tribological requirements. Abrasive-water jet (AWJ) technology is a promising approach to surface texturing, offering minimal heat impact, flexibility, and compatibility with complex surface geometries. High-pressure abrasive-water jet (AWJ) technology, as an innovative and versatile approach, significantly expands the possibilities of surface texturing for materials. Its advantages, such as precision, minimal thermal impact, sustainability, and a wide range of industrial applications, make it an attractive solution across various sectors. With continuous development and integration with modern digital technologies, AWJ is becoming an increasingly practical and cutting-edge tool in surface processing. The abrasive-water jet texturing process also affects surface geometry during the mating of components, which may be significant in reducing wear. The aim of the research was to determine the feasibility of obtaining specific structures on the surface of 304/1.4301 steel using abrasive-water jet technology. Results show that the highest load-bearing ratio of Smrk1 peaks, approximately 25%, was achieved at a texturing speed of 0.803 m/min. Conversely, the lowest load-bearing ratio of Smrk1 peaks, below 10%, was achieved at a texturing speed of 1.948 m/min. Grinding the surface after texturing increases its load-bearing capacity, leading to a twofold increase in the ability to maintain an oil layer. The obtained results may find application in various fields where controlling surface geometry is essential for improving material functionality and efficiency.

Influence of laser texturing on the properties of fusion joints between aluminum alloys and carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites

Laser texturing is an effective method to enhance the fusion joining of aluminum alloy (Al) to carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastics composite (CFRTP). The enhancement effect is related to the morphology and spacing of the microstructures on Al surface. However, because of the correlation between the morphology and the spacing of the microstructures, excessive dense microstructures change the morphology, leading to a reduction in the enhancement effect, while sparse microstructures are also difficult to significantly enhance the joint. To this end, this paper proposes an improved laser texturing process to enhance fusion joints, through the investigation of the recast layer formation process during laser texturing on the Al surface, which comprehensively reveals the synergistic effects of microstructural morphology and spacing on joint properties. The results indicated that the increase of the number of laser processes and the microstructure spacing increased the height of the recast layer, with the difference that the microstructure spacing had less effect after increasing to a certain value. With the increase of microstructure spacing, the morphology of the microstructure on the Al surface transformed from the serrated microstructure to the double-scale microstructure, and finally to the independent microstructure, affected by the recast layer on sides of the microstructure. Once the dual-scale microstructures were formed on the Al surface, the shear strength of the Al/CFRTP fusion joint was the highest with a value of 25.05 MPa. The findings could provide a basis for laser texturing pretreatment for fusion joining.

Anti-Corrosion Flocking Surface with Enhanced Wettability and Evaporation.

The corrosion protection of tool steel surfaces is of significant importance for ensuring cutting precision and cost savings. However, conventional surface protection measures usually rely on toxic organic solvents, posing threats to the environment and human health. In this regard, an integrated process of laser texturing and electrostatic flocking is introduced as a green anti-corrosion method on a high-speed steel (HSS) surface. Drawing from the principles of textured surface energy barrier reduction and fiber array capillary water evaporation enhancement, a flocking surface with a synergistic optimization of surface wettability and evaporation performance was achieved. Then, contact corrosion tests using 0.1 mol/L of NaCl droplets were performed. Contact angles representing wettability and change in droplet mass representing evaporation properties were collected. The elements and chemical bonds presented on the corroded surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results revealed that the flocking surface exhibited the lowest degree of corrosion when compared with smooth and textured surfaces. Corrosion resistance of the flocking surface was achieved through the rapid spread and evaporation of droplets, which reduced the reaction time and mitigated electrochemical corrosion. This innovative flocking surface holds promise as an effective treatment in anti-corrosion strategies for cutting tools.

Combining transcriptomics and HPLC to uncover variations in quality formation between ‘Benihoppe’ and ‘Fenyu No.1’ strawberries

‘Benihoppe’ and ‘Fenyu No.1’ are representative varieties of red and pink strawberries in China, possess distinct hue and flavor profiles. This study analyzed the underlying biochemical and molecular differences of two varieties utilizing transcriptomics and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Ripening ‘Benihoppe’ fruits accumulated more sucrose and pelargonin-3-glucoside (P3G) with a little cyanidin and higher firmness. Whereas ripening ‘Fenyu No.1’ fruits contained more fructose, glucose, malic acid and ascorbic acid (AsA), but less P3G and citric acid. Moreover, genotype significantly influenced phenolic compounds contents in strawberries. Transcriptome analysis revealed that pectin degradation (PL, PG, PE), sucrose synthesis (CWINV, SUS, TPS) and citric acid metabolism (α-OGDH, ICDH, GAD, GS, GDH, PEPCK, AST) were weakened in ‘Benihoppe’ fruit. In contrast, the synthesis of sucrose (CWINH, SPS), citric acid (CS, PEPC), anthocyanin (F3H, F3′H, F3′5′H, DFR, UFGT and ANS), and citric acid transport (V-ATPase) was enhanced. In ‘Fenyu No.1’ fruit, the degradation of sucrose, citric acid, and pectin was enhanced, along with the synthesis of malic acid (ME) and ascorbic acid (PMM, MDHAR and GaLUR). However, anthocyanins synthesis, glucose metabolism (HK, G6PI, PFK, G6PDH, PGK, PGM, ENO, PK), fructose metabolism (FK), citric acid synthesis and transport, and AsA degradation (AO, APX) were relatively weak. RT-qPCR results corroborated the transcriptome data. In conclusion, this study revealed the distinctions and characteristics of strawberries with different fruit colors regarding texture, flavor and color formation processes. These findings offer valuable insights for regulating metabolic pathways and identifying key candidate genes to improve strawberry quality.

Research progress in the study of textured piezoelectric ceramics

Piezoelectric ceramics have the advantages of uniform composition, excellent performance, good electromechanical coupling performance, and high cost performance. They are currently one of the important materials for manufacturing sensors and semiconductor components on the market. Although piezoelectric ceramic materials are widely used because of their many advantages, how to improve their piezoelectric properties is still a hot and difficult research spot. Previously, the piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric ceramics were affected by adjusting the grain size, but due to its limited enhancement effect, researchers hope to find other ways to improve the piezoelectric properties of ceramics more efficiently. Research has found that texture process can enable isotropic ceramics to obtain similar characteristics to single crystals that exhibit anisotropy. This greatly improves the piezoelectric properties of ceramics. During the texture process, the type and content of the template, texture degree and texture orientation, and other factors will significantly affect the piezoelectric properties of textured ceramics. With the continuous development of texture technology and process, the piezoelectric properties of textured ceramics have been significantly improved, but the practical application is less. Based on this, this article expounds the design principles of textured ceramics, summarizes the progress in the preparation of textured piezoelectric ceramics, and systematically explains the importance of template and texture orientation selection in texture processing. Finally, this paper also analyses the application of textured ceramics, and looks forward to the optimization methods and development prospects of piezoelectric ceramics. It is hoped to help the application and development of piezoelectric ceramics.

Investigation of open air and under water laser surface texturing on surface roughness and wettability of Al-Mg alloy

Aluminum-Magnesium (Al-Mg) alloy is widely used in aerospace and marine related applications due to its high corrosion resistance, tensile strength and ductility properties. However, due to hydrophilic nature, its applications are restricted in areas where water absorption may cause problems like corrosion. In this research work, high speed laser texturing was carried out on Al-Mg alloy (AA5754) to improve hydrophobic properties of the material surface. Four different types of pattern, namely lines, grids, concentric circles and concentric rectangles were created on the material surface using a nanosecond fiber laser. Scanning speed was varied at two levels i.e., 500 mm/s and 1000 mm/s. Line density of texture designs was also varied at two levels of 10 lines per mm and 15 lines per mm. The texturing process was carried out in two different processing environment namely open air and in underwater condition. Distilled water with 1 mm thickness above the surface was used during underwater texturing condition. Surface morphology, surface roughness and wettability of all the surfaces were studied for all the experimental conditions. It was observed that lower scanning speed of 500 mm/s resulted in higher values of surface roughness and contact angles. Also, larger texture density leads to lower surface roughness and contact angles for all the pattern designs. Among all the studied texture patterns, grid structures, textured at 500 mm/s of scanning speed resulted in largest surface roughness and surface hydrophobicity.

Task-dependent contribution to edge-based versus region-based texture perception

Texture segregation studies indicate that some types of textures are processed by edge-based and others by region-based mechanisms. However, studies employing nominally edge-based textures have found evidence for region-based processing mechanisms when the task was to detect rather than segregate the textures. Here we investigate directly whether the nature of the task determines if region-based or edge-based mechanisms are involved in texture perception. Stimuli consisted of randomly positioned Gabor micropattern texture arrays with five types of modulation: orientation modulation, orientation variance modulation, luminance modulation, contrast modulation and contrast variance modulation (CVM). There were four modulation frequencies: 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 cpd. Each modulation type was defined by three types of waveforms: sinewave (SN) with its smooth variations, square-wave (SQ) and cusp-wave (CS) with its sharp texture edges. The CS waveform was constructed by removing a sinewave from an equal amplitude square-wave. Participants performed two tasks: detection in which participants selected which of two stimuli contained the modulation and discrimination in which participants indicated which of two textures had a different modulation orientation. Our results indicate that threshold amplitudes in the detection task followed the ordering SQ < SN < CS across all spatial frequencies, consistent with detection being mediated by the overall energy in the stimulus and hence region based. With the discrimination task at low texture spatial frequencies and with CVM textures at all spatial frequencies the order was CS ≤ SQ with both < SN, consistent with being edge-based. We modeled the data by estimating the spatial frequency of a Difference of Gaussian filter that gave the largest peak amplitude response to the data. We found that the peak amplitude was lower for detection than discrimination across all texture types except for the CVM texture. We conclude that task requirements are critical to whether edges or regions underpin texture processing.

Microplastics and cadmium pollution in Chinese sweet potato fields

Context and backgroundMicroplastics (MPs) and heavy metals (HMs) coexist in the farmland of China.MotivationIt still remains unclear the extent of their exposure and distribution in sweet potato fields.HypothesisPolyethylene (PE) or polyamide (PA) is the main MP pollutant in contaminated sweet potato sites, and the MP abundance in low-latitude and eastern areas is highest. Methods: In this study, saturated NaCl solution, a stereo microscope, a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and an electrothermal digester are used for the extraction, observation, identification of MPs, and analysis of Cd elements in soil, respectively.MethodsIn this study, saturated NaCl solution, a stereo microscope, a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and an electrothermal digester are used for the extraction, observation, identification of MPs, and analysis of Cd elements in soil, respectively.ResultsHere, we found an average MP level of 112,400 items/kg in 30 sweet potato field sites based on the items in 5 g soil and the magnification (200x), and the maximum abundance was 197,153 items/kg in Laiyang city, Shandong province, by field survey. The distribution characteristics of MPs are middle-latitude areas &amp;lt; low-latitude areas, and eastern areas &amp;gt; central areas. Most MPs are of the fragment and film shape, which account for 47.96 and 40.22%, respectively. In order to detect MP polymers in three cities named “Liancheng,” “Huanggang,” and “Laiyang” with different degrees of development, a laser infrared imaging system was used as a novel instrument to explore the MPs larger than 10 μm.ConclusionThe results showed that PA is the main MP pollutant in contaminated sweet potato sites, and soil texture, planting time, and urbanization processes may be the main factors affecting MP distribution. The average cadmium (Cd) concentration in 215 field sites is 0.15 mg/kg, and the local Cd pollution is existing, but the overall pollution is low. In addition, Cd concentration was negatively correlated with MP abundance. This study reveals the status of MP and also Cd pollution in sweet potato fields, which provides a theoretical basis for the safe production and utilization of sweet potato fields.

A Study on Micro-Pit Texture Parameter Optimization and Its Tribological Properties

In this paper, the effect of micro-dimple textures (produced by a laser) on the tribological properties of bearings is investigated. This study offers guidelines to reduce the friction torque of the bearing pair and addresses the problem of difficult start-ups after shutdowns. Micro-pits with different texture diameters and depths were machined on the surface of journal bearings. Then, the impact of several different texture parameters on the tribological performance of the bearing pairs was studied using an orthogonal experimental design. Subsequently, the surface morphology of the bearings before and after the friction and wear test was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). These observations were then used to determine the type/state of friction and wear, which also improves our understanding of how texture affects the service life of bearings. The results indicate that the bearings’ micro-pit surface hardness follows an approximate parabolic spatial distribution that decreases along the micro-pit wall. Furthermore, the laser processing of surface textures was found to cause hardening in certain areas, and the chemical composition of elemental carbon and oxygen at the inner surface of processed bearings increased by 31.1% and 7.9%, respectively. Moreover, abrasive wear was identified as the primary form of wear. The textured surface’s antifriction mechanism primarily functioned to trap particles, which acted as a secondary lubrication source and altered the lubrication states by serving as a medium for supplied lubricants. The results confirm that a suitable selection of texture parameters can not only effectively reduce the friction coefficient without shortening the service life of the bearing pair but also facilitate the smooth start-up of the rotor–bearing system.

Laser Produced Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Silicon Surfaces

Two lasers were utilized for silicon processing using photoelectrochemical etching and laser texturing in order to produce nano/micro structures, respectively. Photoelectrochemical etching process utilizes a CW diode laser of 532 nm wavelength was used to support electrochemical etching for both n-type and p-type conductivity. While laser texturing process was employed using pulsed fiber laser of 1064 nm wavelength. Various characterization methods were devoted to examine silicon micro/nanostructures surfaces produced by lasers. These methods include AFM, SEM and Raman scattering to provide clear evidence about formation of micro/nanostructures abundant at silicon surfaces. Moreover, FTIR analysis for the laser produced silicon surfaces could emphasize whether the resultant silicon surface is hydrophilic or hydrophobic. Image analysis software adopted a side view micro image was used to measure the contact angle between the water droplet and silicon micro/nano-surfaces. It is found that the laser produced silicon nanostructure by photoelectrochemical etching creates a hydrophobic surface and even super hydrophobic with contact angle of 130 degrees for 50 nm average size. In addition, utilizing fiber laser of high repetition rate for laser texturing produces microstructures that are super hydrophilic with contact angle could reach 8 degrees for a surface dimension of 50 μm.

Effect of interface laser texture on the bonding property of co-extruded laminate with dissimilar DP600/AA1060 alloys

Steel-aluminum laminates show promise in industrial manufacturing, yet their utilization is limited by unstable interface bonding. This study investigates the influence of laser texturing on the interface bonding properties of DP600/AA1060 obtained through co-extrusion. White-light interference profilometry (WLIP) and MATLAB algorithms are used to quantify different surfaces. A model is established to predict the shear load with different process angles. Furthermore, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are utilized to examine the microstructure of interface fractures and DP600/AA1060 alloys. Notably, the laser texturing process (LTP) significantly enhances the interface bonding strength of the DP600/AA1060, yielding a 37% increase in maximum shear strength compared to the original sample. The prediction holds true for the process angle in the range of 0°–45° but failed between 45° and 90° due to the occurrence of tensile/compressive stress in the laser-textured area, leading to unstable bonding caused by oxides and alloy particles. However, the laser-textured surface of DP600 enhances mechanical interlocking and increases the number of micro-protrusions, thereby strengthening the interface bonding and improving the mechanical properties of co-extruded laminates.

Controlled fabrication of upright and inverted pyramid arrays of silicon via the interaction of copper ions and oxidants in hydrofluoric acid

Recent advances in chemical etching of silicon have allowed its widespread use in the fabrication of microelectronic devices and energy converters, in which shaped silicon exhibits outstanding properties and functions. The texturing process used to fabricate light-trapping structures on silicon surfaces is an indispensable step in preparing solar cells. Here, this manuscript describes the use of a one-step wet chemical etching method with copper as a catalyst to manufacture different structures, including inverted pyramid structures and upright pyramid structures, on silicon surfaces, which can be easily controlled by varying the solution composition and etching time. Moreover, this manuscript demonstrates an exciting method for fabricating random inverted pyramid and random upright pyramid arrays of silicon. The findings provide important contributions that can help improve the fabrication methods for silicon-based solar cell devices and optimize the light trapping structure on the cell surface.

The influence of laser texturing on the tribological behavior of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V in medical applications

This paper analyzes the tribological behavior of the Ti6Al4V ELI alloy subjected to laser texturization for medical purposes. Laser texturing enables one to observe specific patterns of the material surface at established depths. Microtexturing of the samples was performed using a 355 nm picosecond laser. The influence of the microtexturing process (depending on the process parameters) on the geometric parameters of the proposed laser texturing pattern was evaluated. Selected samples were subjected to tribological testing using the ball-on-plate technique in dry and lubricant-sliding methods (in Ringer solution). The wear properties were evaluated by comparing the coefficient friction, wear volumes, and wear ratio. A scanning electron microscope characterized the morphologies of the wear scar and the wear mechanism. The experimental results show that the surface texturing and the changes in microgrooves can reduce wear. The results indicate, that samples after laser texturing were characterized by 15% higher microhardness, compared to those in the initial state. It was found, a 26% reduction in friction coefficient and 29% in the wear volume compared to the smooth, untextured surface samples under lubricated conditions. The decrease in value of the coefficient friction and wear volume for the samples after the laser texturing process is an effect of synergistic of entrapped wear debris in micro-grooves and increased hardness for samples after laser textured.

Effects of component ratios on the properties of sweet potato-oat composite dough and the quality of its steamed cake.

To enhance the value proposition of sweet potato and oat while broadening their applicability in further processing, this study systematically investigated the impact of oat flour incorporation ratios (5%-25% of sweet potato dry weight) on the quality attributes of sweet potato-oat composite dough and its resulting steamed cake products. The results showed that the addition of oat flour could promote the rheological, water retention, and thermomechanical properties of the composite dough and improve the internal microstructure, specific volume, texture, and other processing properties of the steamed cake products. The rheology, water retention, and protein stability of the dough were maximized when the proportion of oat flour was 25%. The textural properties of steamed cakes, hardness, elasticity, cohesion, adhesion, chewiness, and recovery significantly increased (p<0.05) and viscosity significantly decreased (p<0.05) with the addition of oat flour. It is noteworthy that thermodynamic properties, internal structure of the dough, and air holding capacity, which are critical for processing, showed the best results at 20% oat flour addition. Therefore, the addition of 20%-25% oats is recommended to produce composite doughs with optimal quality and processing characteristics. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: As living standards improve, traditional cereals may no longer able to meet people's health needs. Therefore, there is an urgent consumer demand for nutritious, tasty alternatives to staple foods. In this study, oat flour and sweet potato mash were mixed to make sweet potato-oat cake, and the effect of ingredient ratio on the performance and quality of composite dough containing sweet potato-oat flour was analyzed, thus proposing an innovative approach to the research, development, and industrial production of sweet potato and oat food products.

Investigations on Optical Absorption and the Pyro-phototronic Effect with Selectively Patterned Black Silicon for Advanced Photodetection.

A novel property existing in the stain-etching technique that eliminates the need for expensive etchant masks in the texturization process of silicon wafers was identified. Through the combination of grayscale lithography and stain-etching methodologies, selective patterning of silicon with AR-P 3510 T, a positive-photoresist mask, was carried out. The etch area ratio was varied in nine different patterns of various feature sizes ranging from 400 to 1500 μm. The optical characteristics of the patterned substrates were determined from diffuse reflectance spectroscopy analysis, and the results were supported with finite-difference time-domain simulations. Complimenting the improvement in optical properties, the electrical losses in microwell-patterned photodetector devices have been reduced with an electro-optic optimum value of the surface enhancement factor, γ. The photodetecting efficiency of a selectively patterned microwell photodetector device exceeded the planar and black silicon photodetector devices with a considerable improvement in the pyro-phototronic effect. This work suggests an alternative for black silicon optoelectronic devices providing a new route to fabricate selectively patterned substrates with an achieved detectivity 16- and 20-fold higher than black and planar silicon photodetector devices, respectively.

Protein Functionality is Critical for the Texturization Process during High Moisture Extrusion Cooking

Protein Functionality is Critical for the Texturization Process during High Moisture Extrusion Cooking

Surface Texturing and Wettability Modification by Nanosecond Pulse Laser Ablation of Stainless Steels

Laser surface texturing has attracted growing interest, particularly in functional surface modification. Lasers with nanosecond pulse widths and infrared wavelengths are commonly used for metallic surface texturing because of their low cost and potential for fabricating a large range of textures. In this research, a laser with a nanosecond pulse width and infrared wavelength was used for the surface texturing of 316 stainless steels. Standard grooved and near-isotropic surface textures, as well as novel porous texture and feather-like dendrite texture, were fabricated through single-time laser texturing. Water contact angle tests were performed on the post-process surfaces, and they showed wettability changes from superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic according to different types of textures. Discussion on the relationship between water contact angle and surface roughness, groove width/depth ratio, surface carbon and oxygen contents indicated that it is the surface morphology that impacts changes in wettability. The comprehensive formation mechanism of different textures and the wettability control mechanism through different textures have been systematically discussed. For the first time, the three-level (point-line-area) laser surface ablation mechanism has been established. The proposed findings can be used for future laser texturing process designs on metals using lasers with a nanosecond pulse width and an infrared wavelength for various applications including wettability modification.