Changes In Text Research Articles

Recycling impacts of renewable energy generation-related rare earth resources: A SWOT-based strategical analysis

As the global energy mix transforms and renewable energy technologies rapidly develop, there has been a significant increase in the demand for rare earth elements, which play a crucial role in renewable energy systems. By recycling rare earth resources from obsolete equipment, the reliance on newly mined rare earth resources can be reduced, thereby reducing the related environmental and energy footprints and increasing the stability of the supply chain. This study aims to systematically and strategically analyze and discuss the recycling impacts of renewable energy generation (REG)-related rare earth resources in terms of environmental, economic, social, and governance aspects. A SWOT strategical analysis framework integrating a management cycle and intelligent text data mining is built to address the above tasks from an ESG (Environment, Society, and Governance) perspective. The SWOT analysis of the rare earth recycling impacts focuses on strengths (e.g., reduced dependence on rare resources, reduced environmental and emission pressure), weaknesses (e.g., high cost, technology and management complexity), opportunities (e.g., policy support, technological innovations, diversification of the global supply chain), and threats (e.g., market volatility, the emergence of alternative materials). This analysis framework reveals textual topic changes and suggests cyclic and strategical improvement pathways to analyze the multi-dimensional recycling impacts. The text data analysis results indicate that the trend of rare earth recycling is gradually transformed from technologies, supply and demand, and secondary resources into resource and environment sustainable development. Beyond overcoming identified challenges, future pathways should focus more on the integration of advanced emerging technologies, life cycle management, and dynamic adjustment of recycling strategies. This study could provide policymakers and industry practitioners with recommendations and outlook on current development status and improvement strategies to promote REG-related rare earth recycling.

Effects of Automated Feedback on English as a Foreign Language Learners’ Writing Performance: Evidence from a Quasi-experiment

Automated writing evaluation (AWE) is increasingly used to provide formative feedback on second language (L2) students’ writing. A key factor influencing the effectiveness of AWE feedback on L2 writing performance is the learners’ revision behaviors as they process the feedback. Adopting a quasi-experiment, this study aims to evaluate the impacts of Criterion automated corrective feedback (ACF) on English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ writing performance based on two measures of accuracy: overall writing accuracy and accuracy of English article usage. Learners’ textual operations in response to Criterion ACF were examined for possible explanations for recorded gains (if any) in their writing accuracy. The main findings indicate a lack of intervention and retention effects on learners’ accuracy over the semester during which Criterion ACF was incorporated to supplement the writing instructor's feedback on organization and content. In addition, across four writing entries conducted on Criterion, learners’ revisions to their essays following Criterion ACF were primarily at the local level, dominated by addition, deletion, or substitution of individual words or short phrases rather than substantive revisions to their scripts. About one third of all Criterion feedback points did not result in textual changes to the first drafts, indicating a moderate uptake rate of the feedback. Implications related to formative feedback practices in the EFL writing classroom and the adaptation of Criterion's technical capacities are accordingly presented.

Cross-Sectional Associations between Nutrient Intake and Tooth Decay in Older Australian Men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project

Poor nutrition is a risk factor for dental decay in younger people. However, except for sugar, it is unclear if this is true in older age groups. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible associations between overall dietary intake of nutrients and diet quality and the presence of dental decay in community-dwelling older men. A cross-sectional analysis of a longitudinal study with a standardized validated diet history assessment and comprehensive oral health examination in 520 community-dwelling men (mean age: 84 years) participating in the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project. Nutrient reference values were used to determine if individual micronutrients and macronutrients were meeting recommendations. Acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDRs) were attained for fat and carbohydrate intakes and were incorporated into a dichotomous variable to determine if the participants were consuming a high fat-low carbohydrate diet. Diagnosis of coronal caries was based on visual criteria and inspection and was completed on each of the five coronal surfaces. Root surface caries was textual changes across four root surfaces. This diagnosis was used to categorize participants by the presence and severity of coronal and root caries. The adjusted logistic regression showed not meeting the recommended intakes for thiamin (odds ratio [OR]: 2.32 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15–4.67), and zinc (OR: 3.33, 95% CI: 1.71–6.48) were associated with presence of severe root decay. Adjusted analysis also showed that participants who were outside the recommended AMDR for fat (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38–0.98) and those who consumed a high fat and low carbohydrate diet (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.35–0.91) were less likely to have coronal tooth decay. Our study shows associations between micronutrients and macronutrients and coronal and root surface decay. Although this study cannot prescribe causality or be generalized to all older adults, diet has a possible association with dental decay in older men.

Regression test prioritization leveraging source code similarity with tree kernels

AbstractRegression test prioritization (RTP) is an active research field, aiming at re‐ordering the tests in a test suite to maximize the rate at which faults are detected. A number of RTP strategies have been proposed, leveraging different factors to reorder tests. Some techniques include an analysis of changed source code, to assign higher priority to tests stressing modified parts of the codebase. Still, most of these change‐based solutions focus on simple text‐level comparisons among versions. We believe that measuring source code changes in a more refined way, capable of discriminating between mere textual changes (e.g., renaming of a local variable) and more structural changes (e.g., changes in the control flow), could lead to significant benefits in RTP, under the assumption that major structural changes are also more likely to introduce faults. To this end, we propose two novel RTP techniques that leverage tree kernels (TK), a class of similarity functions largely used in Natural Language Processing on tree‐structured data. In particular, we apply TKs to abstract syntax trees of source code, to more precisely quantify the extent of structural changes in the source code, and prioritize tests accordingly. We assessed the effectiveness of the proposals by conducting an empirical study on five real‐world Java projects, also used in a number of RTP‐related papers. We automatically generated, for each considered pair of software versions (i.e., old version, new version) in the evolution of the involved projects, 100 variations with artificially injected faults, leading to over 5k different software evolution scenarios overall. We compared the proposed prioritization approaches against well‐known prioritization techniques, evaluating both their effectiveness and their execution times. Our findings show that leveraging more refined code change analysis techniques to quantify the extent of changes in source code can lead to relevant improvements in prioritization effectiveness, while typically introducing negligible overheads due to their execution.

Visibilizing invisible engagement behind students’ no-revision operation to written feedback

Student engagement with written feedback (WF) in English as a second language (ESL) / English as a foreign language (EFL) learning has been widely researched from cognitive, affective, and behavioural dimensions. Students’ textual change is taken as the only indication of their behavioural engagement with feedback. Students’ no-revision operation or their unaction is usually considered as their disengagement or lack of engagement, or excluded from the examination of students’ WF engagement. How students have possibly engaged themselves with WF before they consequently disuptake (used in the context of feedback engagement, as an opposite to “uptake”) it is hardly touched upon in most studies. To visibilize students’ invisible engagement, we contextualized the study in a natural EFL writing class involving students’ writing and revisions after peer review and automatic writing evaluation (AWE). We used stimulated recalls and screen capturing to investigate students’ cognitive, affective and behavioural engagement with unactioned WF (hereafter UAWF). The findings show that 95.9% of the UAWF have been attended. The three participants, of different English proficiency levels, reported to have variably engaged themselves with their UAWF. Our findings also reveal feedback quality and students’ experience in using AWE system greatly influences their engagement with AWE feedback; student’s language proficiency has a stake in their engagement effectiveness; carefully designed peer review activities can make peer reviews more effective to benefit both feedback receivers and providers.

Textual Changes in 10-Ks and Stock Price Crash Risk: Evidence from Neural Network Embeddings

Textual Changes in 10-Ks and Stock Price Crash Risk: Evidence from Neural Network Embeddings

Traduir a l’edat mitjana: el repte d’editar la Legenda aurea de Jacobus de Voragine en català

The Catalan translation of the Legenda Aurea by Jacobus de Voragine has been considered by Meyer and by Corominesas a version very close to its Latin model. However, a review of the preserved manuscripts allows us to note remarkabledifferences from the Latin model as well as among the Catalan manuscripts. In this work we take as a basis the manuscriptE (ms. N-III-5, Madrid, Real Biblioteca del Monasterio de San Lorenzo de El Escorial) to analyse structural, editorialand textual changes in the Catalan compilation: structural changes, such as those related to the arrangement of chapters;editorial changes, such as the deletion of extensive fragments in some chapters or the replacement of the version of achapter with another one other than that by Voragine; and textual changes, such as the variants that characterize the twobranches into which the translation evolves. These changes allow us to characterize the formation and the evolution of thiscompilation. We take as a point of reference manuscript E, representative of one of the two branches of the translation,in contrast with P (ms. Espagnol 44, Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France), representative of the other. In E thereare important internal differences in the wording of each chapter and differences with respect to the other preservedmanuscripts. In some chapters, the wording of E is very different from that of P, with a less literal version of the Latin text,a wording that will serve as a model for the later print tradition. Editing this compilation based on manuscript E involvestaking into account the rest of the preserved manuscript evidence, as well as the Latin text, in addition to considering thechapters added in this manuscript.

Theatre translation

The article analyses the textual changes that occur in the process of staging a performance based on a translated text. Drawing on Morini’s four types of theatre translation, namely the interlingual, intralingual, intersemiotic, and intrasemiotic aspects of theatre translation (emerging from Jakobson’s classification of translation), the article focuses on the differences between the translated text and the text spoken on the stage through the analysis of the Slovene performance of Sad Songs from the Heart of Europe by the Finnish author Kristian Smeds, translated into Slovene by Julija Potrč Šavli. The play, directed by the Finnish theatre director Jari Juutinen, was performed at the Slovene theatre Slovensko ljudsko gledališče Celje by the Slovene actress Maša Grošelj. As the author of the article participated in staging this play as a language consultant, the article provides an insight into the process, and reveals why and how the changes to the text occurred. As the analyses of the written and staged texts show, the majority of the textual changes were introduced by various agents involved in the production of the play, while some were also due to the multimodal interactions between different theatre modes (speech, scenography, sound, light, props, etc.).

Marriage and Women's Subalternity in the Ecranisation of Layla Majnun’s Story

PurposeThis article aimed to explain the textual changes in adapting Layla Majnun's story to the film Layla Majnun (2021). In addition, this article questioned the textual ideology of both works con-cerning marriage and women's subalternity.MethodThis article was qualitative research using the literature method. The corpus of this article were the novel Layla Majnun by Nizami Ganjavi and the film Layla Majnun (2021) by Monty Tiwa. This article used Linda Hutcheon's adaptation theory, the concept of subaltern initiated by Ga-yatri C. Spivak, and feminist concepts related to marriage.Results/FindingsThe results of this article show significant changes in the form of the adaptation of the story of Layla Majnun to the film. The changes are in the form of narrative structure, the meaning of mar-riage, and women's voices. The story of Layla Majnun focuses more on the storytelling of male characters, while the film focuses more on the storytelling of female characters.ConclusionThe textual shift from novel to film influences changes in the ideology of the text concerning mar-riage and women's subalternity. In the Layla Majnun novel, women are unable to speak out (subaltern) against repression from men concerning marriage. At the same time, the film Layla Majnun attempts to bring out women's voices to articulate their will in marriage.

News in Motion: A Quantitative Analysis of Incremental News Updates by Flemish Online News Outlets

ABSTRACT Online news has rapidly claimed its place in the media landscape, and with it came the practice of incremental news updates being integrated in existing content. Yet, considering this fluid news production, researchers have been struggling with freezing the news flow and capturing the different article versions, implying that incremental news updates form an understudied phenomenon. Therefore, we conduct a large-scale study on the usage of online news updates by applying regular interval content capturing. Using in-house developed software, all 291,666 articles and 197,979 associated updates written by six leading Flemish news outlets in a period of two years (2019–2021) are collected. It is examined how commonly and in what ways updates are applied. Furthermore, a subset of 11,293 articles is manually analyzed to examine the reason(s) for applying updates. Results indicate that updates are commonly applied across all news outlets and topics. 35% of the articles are updated at least once and an updated article is updated 1.94 times on average. Approximately 4.2% of textual changes are made to correct objective or subjective errors, typically without any communication towards the reader. Therefore, we argue that transparency regarding news updates should be enhanced.

Tari Kancah Di Nagari Cubadak, Tanah Datar, Sumatera Barat: Analisis Perubahan Tekstual Dan Signifikansinya Dalam Budaya

The research titled "Kancah Dance in the Life of the Nagari Cubadak Lima Kaum Community, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra Province: A Study of Textual Changes" aims to explore the forms of Kancah Dance in the life of the community in Nagari Cubadak Lima Kaum, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra Province, with a focus on textual change analysis. The research method employed is qualitative and analytical descriptive. Data were obtained through literature reviews and field studies, involving observation and in-depth interviews with five informants. The study applies the theories of change and textual proposed by Sjafri Sairin and Y. Sumandiyo Hadi. The expected results will provide a deeper understanding of the evolution of Kancah Dance and changes in the textual context within the community. This research contributes to the performing arts literature and enriches the understanding of how traditional arts continue to evolve and adapt to changing times.

Measuring non-linearity of multi-session writing processes

When (professional) authors work on their texts, they frequently 'jump' around their document to make textual changes and create new content at a wide range of locations. Currently, a range of linearity measures are available to capture this, some of which requiring time-intensive manual coding. Linearity metrics are commonly calculated based on the leading edge and are mostly used for short texts and single writing sessions. However, especially for longer, multi-session writing processes, text can often be created at various spaces, not necessarily including the leading edge. Accordingly, the leading edge is not enough to distinguish between linear production and non-linear text alterations. Therefore, in the current study, we propose a novel, more flexible, automatized non-linearity analysis, which does not solely rely on the leading edge. In this approach, all backwards and forwards cursor and mouse operations from the point of utterance are extracted from keystroke data, and characterized both based on duration and distance. This results in a detailed list of characteristics per writing episode, allowing us to compare and group episodes of writing at various scales. We illustrate this approach by analysing the writing process of a complete novel based on close to 400 writing sessions totalling 276 h of writing. The results show that the current non-linearity analysis allows us to successfully cluster writing sessions using the non-linearity characteristics. This analysis can be used to find patterns in non-linearity over time, allowing us to chart interactions with the text-produced-so-far and session management strategies in multi-session writing.

The Translators' Take on Three Possible Typos in Jorge L. Borges' Story “Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius”

This article examines how translators tackled the problem given by three possible typos in Jorge Luis Borges' short story “Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius.” Translations to all major Western languages are considered. The translators' decisions are found to display great diversity. Some of them treat the textual changes in question as mere typos, while others incorporate the changes (be it partially, in full, or even in excess). Borges' role in altering the text can only be assessed indirectly as no hard evidence, such as corrected galley proofs or written accounts, is known to exist. The present findings allign well with Sánchez's complementary analysis of the context in which the three textual changes occur and how they indirectly impact the plot. In case they are not mere typos, the changes discussed here could obey Borges' decision to reintroduce a metaliterary element of surprise into the story.

Pelisanan Al-Qur’an: Tinjauan Estetika Kenikmatan Tekstual

Similar to the language of the Qur’an, the terminology will imply pleasure before ideological submission. This study explores several hypotheses regarding the pleasure-related aspects of the Qur’anic text, particularly in the context of the oral Qur’an. It is because achieving an aesthetic experience through the mouth is one way. Some of these issues have been addressed by the concepts of work and text (teks), as well as Roland Barthes’ aesthetics of textual pleasure (The Pleasure of the Text). The use of Barthes concepts is made to carry on semiotics’ work in the study of how to read the Qur’an and incorporate the Barthesian text theory into the same study. In comparison to the findings of this qualitative research, the Qur’an as an authoritative holy book is a work that has absolute and complete truth and completeness, which does not allow any textual changes. Muslims who reject this idea are also rejecting their faith in Almighty Allah. Since the Qur’an is so full of meaning, which is limitless and can never be fully understood, it is also a text. In light of this, the Qur’an will give its readers ample room to create new texts (read: tafsir). This is consistent with the principle, s}ah}ih likulli zaman wa makn, that the Qur’an will always be relevant to the world and its events. The Qur’an, which is mostly read by Muslims, will also make its readers happy at the same time.

Attentive Option Traders: Textual Changes to 10-Ks and Option Volatility Smirk

Attentive Option Traders: Textual Changes to 10-Ks and Option Volatility Smirk

«Красная ржавчина» vs «Желтая ржавчина»: метаморфозы текста советской пьесы на Бродвее

The study focuses on the adaptation of a politically engaged dramaturgical work from Bolshevik Russia — Vladimir Kirshon’s and Andrey Uspensky’s play Konstantin Terekhin (Rust) — to the specific requirements of Broadway, the commercial theater of the USA, and the textual changes of the Soviet original associated with it. The basic principles of the Broadway theater creative and organizational model, drastically different from the repertory theater of post-revolutionary Russia, are defined — the primacy of commerce over artistry, the absence of state support and censorship, a respectable audience that does not accept radical political ideas. On the American stage the Soviet play was produced in 1929, with the changed title (Red Rust), and the text subjected to changes and distortions. The paper considers these changes in the context of American socio–economic life of the Red Thirties. The discrepancy between the original dramaturgical material and the specific requirements of the American commercial theater is analyzed. The free handling of the text from Bolshevik Russia in the US theater is due to the absence of copyright regulations between the two countries. The process of exporting the play to the United States — via Paris and London — is being reconstructed. Three sources that have carried out the textual transformation of the Soviet original are characterized: the authors of the French-language adaptation from Russian (Fernand Nozière and Vladimir Bienstock), British translators from French into English (Virginia and Frank Vernon) and Broadway stage director who previously visited Moscow and sought to introduce into the text what, in his opinion, Soviet censorship would not allow (Herbert Biberman). The study is based on the materials from the Beinecke Library of Rare Books and Manuscripts collections (Yale University), as well as documents from the Houghton Library (Harvard University), the New York Public Library for Performing Arts, the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (Moscow), and the museum of the Mossovet State Academic Theater (Moscow). The study is aimed at expanding the understanding of the stage history of the Russian drama in America.

Textual Changes in 10-Ks and Stock Price Crash Risk: Evidence from Neural Network Embeddings

Textual Changes in 10-Ks and Stock Price Crash Risk: Evidence from Neural Network Embeddings

Beyond Linear Dynamic Functional Connectivity: A Vine Copula Change Point Model

To estimate dynamic functional connectivity for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, two approaches have dominated: sliding window and change point methods. While computationally feasible, the sliding window approach has several limitations. In addition, the existing change point methods assume a Gaussian distribution for and linear dependencies between the fMRI time series. In this work, we introduce a new methodology called Vine Copula Change Point (VCCP) to estimate change points in the functional connectivity network structure between brain regions. It uses vine copulas, various state-of-the-art segmentation methods to identify multiple change points, and a likelihood ratio test or the stationary bootstrap for inference. The vine copulas allow for various forms of dependence between brain regions including tail, symmetric and asymmetric dependence, which has not been explored before in the dynamic analysis of neuroimaging data. We apply VCCP to various simulation datasets and to two fMRI datasets: a reading task and an anxiety inducing experiment. In particular, for the former dataset, we illustrate the complexity of textual changes during the reading of Chapter 9 in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone and find that change points across subjects are related to changes in more than one type of textual attributes. Further, the graphs created by the vine copulas indicate the importance of working beyond Gaussianity and linear dependence. Finally, the R package vccp implementing the methodology from the article is available from CRAN. Supplementary Materials for this article are available online.

Świetliste szczeliny niebios Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski, gwiazdy i „etruski poeta”

Lucent Cracks of Heavens: Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski, Stars and an “Etrurian Poet” The paper tries to display the links between a catalogue of metaphors contained in Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski’s handbook entitled Characteres lyrici, seu Horatius et Pindarus and Giambattista Marino’s Canzone delle stelle. Based upon his college lectures (Połock 1626/1627), Sarbiewski’s work offers practical rules for the composition of lyrical poetry and some theoretical considerations. Among many “ornaments related to the lyrical invention”, a very important stylistic device mentioned by the Jesuit poet and theorist is a “definition by accumulation”(definitio conglobata), that is, a series of extended metaphors or other figurative expressions, for example periphrasis, metonymy or allegory. This rhetorical strategy serves as a useful instrument in reintegrating the art of invention with amplification aimed particularly at the accumulation of different words or figures. As the “ornament of the lyric invention”, the definition described by the author appears no to be restricted only to effective searching for ideas and concepts; it is also a valuable tool for achieving unusual power of expression and for exercising composition and style. Sarbiewski quotes an example concerning the stars, taken, as he says, from „a contemporary Etrurian poet”. In his commentary to the edition of Characteres lyrici, Stanisław Skimina identified this poet as Dante, which was subsequently taken for granted by many scholars. Recently, the poet in question has been proved to be Giambattista Marino, famous for his style characterized by many extravagant conceits, excessive figures, and other complicated rhetorical patterns. The authors analyze Sarbiewski’s catalogue in the context of Canzone delle stelle, dealing with the way the Polish poet understands and changes the original. While translating Marino’s poem into Latin and listing metaphorical “definitions”of stars, he retained freedom of creative interpretation. For this reason, in his catalogue one may find far-reaching textual changes, for example misreading of words, omission of some figures or simplification of meanings.

Academic texts in motion

AbstractKnowledge production in collaborative writing for publication has tended to be studied as fixed in time and place; few studies have focused on the drafting and redrafting of texts and the interactions among the co-authors involved. Using atext historyapproach to a research article co-authored by an exiled academic and his two more experienced co-authors, all using English as an additional language, this study investigates the impact of interactions during text production on the focal academic’s understanding of writing for English-medium international publication. We analysed the co-authors’ comments on the academic’s drafts, examining theirIntervention Levels(levels of directness and explicitness) andIntervention Areas(disciplinary, writing, and publishing conventions) and the academic’s responses to these interventions. Analysis focused oninteraction episodes (written interactions relating to a specific point in the text and relevant textual changes throughout drafts). Findings revealed that interventions focused on multiple areas, with the co-authors acting as knowledge brokers in all domains. The interaction dynamics changed across the drafts, in the focus of interaction episodes and the levels of co-authors’ interventions provided to the academic, which created a space to negotiate interventions and, consequently, to enrich his understanding of writing practices for international publication in English.