Selection Of Texts Research Articles

Педагогическата компетентност на родителя – литературни прочити на лирически произведения за деца от Българското възраждане до 1944 г.

Abstract: The focus of this article is the pedagogical competence of the parent as reflected in children's literature, particularly in children's lyrics from the Bulgarian Renaissance to the end of World War II in 1944. The aim is to delineate at an intertextual level the image of the parent as a bearer and translator of values, pat¬terns of thinking and behaviour that are universal regardless of their contextual ex¬istence. The hypothesis is that transformations in the image, which are the result of cultural changes, give rise to modifications in the structure of parental peda¬gogical competence, while preserving basic elements in it, reflecting archetypal characteristics in the universal image of the parent. The analysis is made after a selection of lyrical texts by Bulgarian poets, in which they write on the themes of parenthood, the family world, motherhood, the family, the upbringing of children, patriarchal values, and traditions. The features of the artistic images, including that of the mother and the father, are highlighted, the linguistic and stylistic pecu¬liarities in the lyrical works are established. Quotations and examples are given from lyrical texts of children’s literature in Bulgaria, which serve an illustrative and evidential function. Keywords: parenting, pedagogical competence, children's literature, lyrical works.

Greening the mind: exploring the link between vertical gardens, urban forests, and mental health

Abstract Background Mental disorders impose a significant global burden, affecting millions of individuals, contributing to disability, reduced quality of life, and economic costs worldwide. Between 1990 and 2019, the global number of disability-adjusted life-years due to mental disorders increased from 80.8 million to 125.3 million. The economic costs are projected to rise to 6,000 billion euros by 2030. Urbanization has been associated with a worsening of mental disorders over the years due to various factors, such as increased stress, social isolation, reduced access to green spaces, and higher levels of pollution. Decades of research have instead shown that exposure to green space may promote psychological well-being, regulate stress, and endorse social health across the lifespan. In this systematic review, we aim to investigate how proximity to vertical gardens or urban forests, specifically, may affect mental health. Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were followed. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024517969) with the following PECOS question: Is there an association between vertical gardens or urban forests and mental health? Results After performing searches on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, and duplicate removal, we retrieved 556 articles. The main reasons for exclusion after title/abstract screening were mainly wrong outcome (not mental health) and wrong study type (not observational/intervention/cross-sectional studies). The selection of full texts is expected to end shortly and results will be available for November 2024. Preliminary findings support the role of green environmental assets in facilitating physical activity, social contact, and stress reduction. Conclusions In summary, mental disorders are exacerbated by urbanization’s stressors. Our review will further elucidate the potential benefits of urban green spaces like vertical gardens and urban forests on mental health. Key messages • Urbanization exacerbates the issue of mental disorders global burden. • Exposure to urban forests and vertical gardens may promote physiological well-being and mental health.

Indeterminacy and the Role of the Archive: The Eight Extensions of Piaget’s Sociological Studies

What a text means in translation is accepted, canonically, to be indeterminate. Authors can provide additional constraints to interpretation by taking care to explain some of the original context. But this requires making judgments about what counts, and readers can’t generally do that of sources except in retrospect. So the solution to the problem is taken to be “to become bilingual,” and basically do the translation work oneself. This means immersing in that foreign culture for long enough that its ways of being, and ways of meaning, become one’s own. When the subject of one’s interest is the undiscovered country, however, this goal remains forever inaccessible. That’s just not somewhere you can go and report back from. The true meanings of deceased authors are therefore forever inscrutable. Except, of course, in cases where historical traces can stand in their stead. Interactions with archival sources are thus offered as a new solution to the problems of indeterminacy and inscrutability: archives provide anchors to stabilize the received meaning of historical texts by offering evidence of what those involved in their production intended them to mean. Here, that is demonstrated with reference to (1) the difficulty of translating Jean Piaget’s (1896–1980) collection of essays entitled Sociological Studies and (2) the broader misunderstanding of Piaget’s sociality in relation to the popularity of its critique by Lev Vygotsky (1896–1934). We then find, in the process, new ways to consider a consistently thorny question: what is the means by which one attains truth? Here, we therefore articulate and illustrate the “Interpretation Game” by providing access to a curated selection of archival texts drawn from several collections never before considered in relation to the question of the meaning of “Piaget” as a holophrastic utterance. The result is then also a new look at Cold War-era developmental psychology, social psychology, educational theory, and genetic epistemology (the study of the construction of knowledge).

Teacher gestures bridge meaning: Unpacking teacher gesture in storybook read alouds to support vocabulary

Teacher gesturing is an effective strategy for promoting vocabulary learning during book reading in early childhood settings. While studies find significant variation in teachers’ use of gesture, existing studies have not explored within-teacher and across-book differences in gesturing, reducing the ability to better understand how teachers and books drive gesturing to support language learning. To address this gap, this study investigated the gestures of nine teachers across 108 observations of the same 12 books to understand factors that explain teachers’ frequency of gesturing and the ways in which teachers gesture. Using mixed methods, we estimated multilevel models and descriptive statisics to examine whether books and teacher characteristics explained teachers’ frequency of engaging in representational and iconic gestures and employed multimodal content analysis and a grounded theory approach to better understand how and why certain books elicit more of these gestures across teachers. Study findings show greater within teacher variability in frequency of gesturing as a function of book, a positive association between teacher expertise and frequency of representational gesturing, and that teachers gestured to create emotive, conceptual, and animation bridges to connect the text and illustration to support student understanding of the language in picture books. Results showed that the content of the text also explained teacher gesturing, and thus that gesturing is not solely a teacher trait, but also reflects qualities of the text. Gesture research and practice should continue to consider text selection as critical to promoting this pedagogical strategy.

Psalm No.8 in Ukrainian Choral Music of the Late 20th – Early 21st Centuries: Analysis of Composer Interpretations

The purpose of the article is to identify the distinctive features of the embodiment of the spiritual content of Psalm No. 8 in the choral works “Lord, Our Master” by Yevhen Stankovych and “Psalm No. 8” by Oleksandr Yakovchuk. The research methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach that includes historical-cultural, religious-philosophical, textual, and musicological aspects. The methods employed include historical, sociocultural, textual, musicological, interpretative, and comparative approaches. Scientific novelty. For the first time, different interpretations of the spiritual content of Psalm No. 8 in contemporary Ukrainian choral music are considered. Based on a comparative analysis of Y. Stankovych’s choral concert “Lord, Our Master” for mixed a cappella choir and O. Yakovchuk’s choral miniature “Psalm No. 8” for solo tenor and male a cappella choir, distinct and common features in the figurative-emotional, dramaturgical, and stylistic aspects of these works are revealed. Conclusions. It was found that the composers revealed the figurative-emotional, substantive, and semantic potential of the psalm text in different ways. The differences in interpretation concern the choice of genre, performance ensemble, text selection, embodiment of figurative content, emotional filling, and textural techniques. The common features of both works are manifested in the use of a cappella choir, a tendency towards harmonic colourfulness, the organic combination of chordal structure, imitative polyphony techniques, and folk polyphony. It is proven that the concept of the choral concert implied an elevated, solemn sound, while the choral miniature aimed for deep meditative concentration in prayer.

Narrating Bodies

This special issue examines representations and constructions of pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding in contemporary Japanese fiction in a selection of literary texts from the 2010s to the 2020s. It thus joins ongoing conversations and existing studies concerned with the representation of reproduction and motherhood in modern and contemporary Japanese culture (Saito, 1994; Seaman, 2016; Castellini, 2017; Harada, 2021). However, the essays in this section focus on depictions of pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding in terms of narrating bodies as a way to articulate women’s experiences of physical and psychological oppression within Japanese society and redefine new forms of mothering, fathering, and parenting. This research investigates the ambivalence and complexity around motherhood and embodiment in contemporary women’s fiction. At the same time, it explores the connections between literary studies and contemporary sociocultural dynamics of gender and family.

Development of a Natural Language Processing (NLP) model to automatically extract clinical data from electronic health records: results from an Italian comprehensive stroke center

IntroductionData collection often relies on time-consuming manual inputs, with a vast amount of information embedded in unstructured texts such as patients’ medical records and clinical notes. Our study aims to develop a pipeline that combines active learning (AL) and NLP techniques to enhance data extraction in an acute ischemic stroke cohort. Materials and methodsConsecutive acute ischemic stroke patients who received reperfusion therapies at IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital were included. The Italian NLP Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model was trained with AL to automatically extract clinical variables from electronic health text. Simulated active learning performances were evaluated on a set of labels representing patients’ comorbidities, comparing Bayesian Uncertainty Sampling by Disagreement (BALD) and random text selection. Prognostic models predicting patients’ functional outcomes using Gradient Boosting were trained on manually labelled and semi-automatically extracted data and their performance was compared. ResultsThe active learning process initially showed null performance until around 20% of texts were labelled, possibly due to root layers freezing in the BERT model, yet overall, active learning improves model learning efficiency across most comorbidities. Prognostic modelling showed no significant difference in performance between models trained on manually labelled versus semi-automatically extracted data, indicating effective prediction capabilities in both settings. ConclusionsWe developed an efficient language model to automate the extraction of clinical data from Italian unstructured health texts in a cohort of ischemic stroke patients. In a preliminary analysis, we demonstrated its potential applicability for enhancing prediction model accuracy.

Comparative analysis of Russian language textbooks for primary school using quantitative methods

Despite the intense scientific and practical interest in assessing the textual content quality of a school textbook, there is still no transparent algorithm and objective criteria for such evaluation. This article aims to outline objective linguistic criteria for textbook text assessment using quantitative methods on the example of one of the main components of a Russian language textbook, i. e. exercise texts. The analysis was performed on the material of 8 lines of modern Russian language textbooks for primary school and 1 line of the digital educational service Yandex Textbook. The research employed the methods of automatic natural language processing, statistics, and corpus analysis of texts. As a result, we propose an algorithm for analysing the text library of a Russian language textbook according to the criteria of structural and lexical complexity, genre, stylistic and thematic diversity, and the degree of correspondence between the text library and the current state of the Russian language. The obtained results form an idea of the textual content of a modern Russian language textbook for primary school. Moreover, they highlight the specific features of text selection for modern traditional and digital Russian language textbooks and resources. Finally, the research outcomes raise questions concerning the methodological optimality of certain authorial decisions when compiling the text library of a textbook. The results of the study will be useful to authors of school textbooks on the Russian language and specialists in educational and methodological work.

“Making Sure the Books Check Every Box”: Preservice Teachers Learning to Select Texts for Reading Instruction

ABSTRACT A key consideration in providing effective reading instruction is the selection of a text. However, little is known about how preservice teachers are prepared to understand text complexity and how they leverage that knowledge in their text selection practices. Accordingly, this design/development study explored how preservice teachers (n = 81) gained declarative knowledge of text complexity, procedural knowledge of text selection practices, and conditional knowledge of activity, reader, and text considerations in their teacher education program. Findings indicate that following a two-course reading methods sequence in which they selected texts for small group instruction, typically performing preservice teachers gave the most attention to activity considerations (e.g. lesson-to-text match, instructional sequence) and the least attention to reader considerations (e.g. student interest). When noting text features teachers considered important, they described word-level features such as multisyllabic words, vocabulary, and decodability as most influencing text complexity. Furthermore, preservice teachers who held more declarative knowledge of text complexity tended to be more critical of text leveling systems whereas those with less knowledge of text complexity tended to view levels as an acceptable method of selecting texts. Together these findings suggest an emergent learning continuum on the topic of text selection for teacher education.

On The Politics of Arabic Literary Translation

This paper examines the external factors influencing the selection and reception of literary texts in translation, with a focus on the representation of Arab culture in the West. Drawing on Andre Lefevere's (1992) concept of patronage, the author discusses how patrons, including institutions and individuals, shape the translation and publication of Arabic literary works and explores their impact on the representation of Arab culture in the West. The paper gives examples of several translated Arabic works, reading through the external factors that have influenced their selection, translation, and reception in their target culture. The study contends that the translation of Arabic literature is often driven by ideological and financial motivations, resulting in a restrictive representation of Arab culture that perpetuates stereotypes and exoticism. Furthermore, the paper argues that the “decontextualization” of translated texts leads to a loss of their original identity and purpose, as they are re-inserted within their new context and reinterpreted according to the socio-cultural background of the target audience. By shedding light on the complex dynamics governing literary translation from Arabic, this study highlights the need for understanding the external factors that shape the translation and representation of Arabic literature in the West.

Methodology of Using Large Language Models to Solve Tasks of State and Municipal Government for Intelligent Abstracting and Automatic Generation of Text Content

Large language models (LLM) are finding new areas of application in practice, including the sphere of public and municipal administration. To increase the efficiency of the practical application of large language models rules and methods of interaction with them are developed, taking into account the specifics, a wide range of their possible use and increasing accessibility. The article examines the issues of improving the efficiency of large language models with various types of content using prompt engineering techniques. An analysis of a significant number of prompts for large language models and methods for their formation is presented. The article discusses the possibilities of using large language models, trained (customizable) using creative prompting for intelligent abstracting of various content with the subsequent generation of original texts and text documents for the sphere of state and municipal administration. The proposed methodology makes it possible to effectively integrate knowledge from various sources into LLM training and turn it into a truly intelligent tool that expands the possibilities of its work. When applying this approach, the LLM acts as a powerful intelligent assistant that allows you to generate a document authored by the user of the system. The use of large language models opens up wide opportunities for employees in the field of state and municipal administration to automate the process of creating thematic texts, text reports, qualification papers, reviews and analytical notes. It also allows users to see possible new meanings, previously unnoticed associations, and even generate new ideas in the field of management in the process of analyzing the texts received during the abstract. The authors have shown that in order to improve the quality of intellectual abstracting, it is necessary to carry out the iterative use of different methods of teaching (tuning) LLM. At the same time, the initial selection of texts for training, which is made by the user based on his/her own knowledge of the subject area, is important.

Analyzing Park Choonghungong Yeonbo : Features of Text Selection and Their Historical Significance

Analyzing Park Choonghungong Yeonbo : Features of Text Selection and Their Historical Significance

System networks as a resource in L2 writing education

Abstract This paper argues for the value of system networks as a diagnostic tool in L2 writing education. We report on an investigation of Chinese students learning to write in English over a period of a year in Year 9 of high school, characterizing their choices in the system of modality in different writing tasks over that period, and we also report on an extension of this investigation based on two additional sampling points, Year 12 of high school and Year 3 of university. Our findings indicate that even when we sample L2 texts from three different periods in education, the expansion in the use of the meaning potential embodied in the system of modality is quite limited – as long as we focus on texts from one register. We have also seen from Xuan’s (2015. A longitudinal study of Chinese high school students learning English based on systemic functional text analysis. The Hong Kong Polytechnic University PhD thesis) study of Year 9 writing tasks from a few different registers that there was no clear sense of progression throughout the year. The results show that careful selection and ordering of texts from registers that afford learners with complementary opportunities over time to engage with and master different parts of the resources of the system of modality can be recommended in L2 writing education.

Ciąża i macierzyństwo jako doświadczenia transgresyjne we współczesnej literaturze polskiej – próba ujęcia queerowego

This article discusses a selection of texts by contemporary Polish feminist female authors who explore the transgressive and queer aspects of pregnancy and motherhood. The analysis, indebted to the observations of Maggie Nelson’s essay The Argonauts (Polish transl. by K. Gucio, Wołowiec 2020), explore the ways in which Martyna Bunda, Izabela Morska, Barbara Klicka and Inga Iwasiów present motherhood as act of transgression and liberation from a reproductive control system. As a rule this type of discourse includes, the article notes, some elements of the illness narrative.

Sleep duration associated with feelings but not with test scores: an observational study

Sleep and mood/emotion influence learning and academic achievement. However, inconclusive/contradictory findings have been reported. Unlike previous studies that examined either sleep or mood and grade-point-average (combined result of several assessments over long period), this study examined UK university students for the relationship of test scores with both, previous night’s sleep-duration, and mood/emotion approximately an hour before the test. Mood/feelings data were collected by presenting a selection of emojis and text. Here, test scores did not associate with night sleep-duration. There were no differences in distribution of scores across sleepers of 5, 6, 7 and 8 h and sleeping for less than these hours did not increase the odds of scoring low (scoring ≤ 25%). There was no significant difference in distribution of night-sleep-hours between high scorers (score ≥ 75%) and low scorers (score ≤ 25%). Furthermore, test scores did not associate with feelings/emotions. There were no significant differences in the distribution of scores across different feelings. Unhappy/negative feelings did not increase the odds of scoring low. However, feelings (specifically expressed through selection of words/phrases) predicted scores (p = 0.01) and both negative and positive feelings associated with increased odds of high score (p ≤ 0.04). Night-sleep-duration positively associated with feelings (p < 0.001). Distribution of night-sleep-duration differed between feelings (p ≤ 0.003). Night sleep of less than 5, 6, 7 or 8 h increased the odds of feeling unhappy/negative (p ≤ 0.01). This data (i) defies the generic notion of a night of sub-optimal sleep-duration negatively affecting scores, (ii) provides empirical evidence of association between night-sleep-duration and emotions/mood/feelings, and (iii) proposes that sleep may affect learning via mood.

Analysis of Prefixes in the Novel "Belahan Jiwa" By Nuniek Kr: Exploration of the Purpose and Impact of Writing

The aim of this research is to analyze the prefixes contained in the novel "Belahan Jiwa" by Nuniek KR. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Several instruments that can be used in this research are text selection, text annotation, morphological classification, context analysis, meaning interpretation, analysis notes and validation. The technique used in this research is the reading and note taking technique. The steps used in this technique include reading, analyzing and understanding the structure, marking certain parts according to analysis needs, recording data in the form of sentences and words related to the word formation process, grouping data or classifying data based on the word formation process and analyzing and concluding data based on the results of reading and recording the word formation process in the novel "Belahan Jiwa" by Nuniek KR. Based on the results of the analysis carried out, there are 8 (eight) uses of prefixes, namely the prefixes ber-, me-, mem-, per-, se-, di-, ke-, and ter-. In the novel "Belahan Jiwa" by Nuniek KR, it can be seen that there are 51 words that use the prefix ber-, for the prefixes me- 59, mem- 19, per-11, se-24, di-13, 14th and ter-25th.

Integrating Text Structure Instruction in Science Education: A Design-Based Study

ABSTRACT Integrated science-and-literacy programs have proven to positively affect both language proficiency and science knowledge. Because making connections is important in both text comprehension and understanding the disciplinary core ideas taught in science, it seems worthwhile to explore the potential of integrating text structure instruction in science education. Therefore, we conducted a design-based research (DBR) in collaboration with teachers in the upper levels of primary education in the Netherlands. A set of four design principles directed both the design process and the analysis of this process. Research questions were aimed at the viability of these principles and at gaining knowledge about the application of DBR within the field of an integrated science curriculum. The study demonstrates the potential of DBR as a vehicle for translating research outcomes into educational practice. The four design principles eventually resulted in materials that worked well in grades 4–6. Still, since several design principles were new to the teachers, the design task was a challenge to the teachers and required support by the researchers. Especially the selection of suitable texts proved difficult. The study yields insights and recommendations for future DBR studies in the field of science-and-literacy integrated education. Given the abundance of cross-cutting concepts that can be tied to specific text structures, there is ample room for the development of integrated materials.

The translator’s sociological biography and life telos: the case of John Minford

ABSTRACT The ‘human turn’ in Translation Studies has recently drawn attention to the translator’s personal motivation, or ‘telos.’ However, this concept is largely underdeveloped due to a lack of proper conceptual and methodological frameworks. This study aims to propose a theoretical model for constructing the translator’s life teloi based on the structural analysis of their sociological biography. This approach, which draws upon Bernard Lahire’s sociology at the level of the individual and borrows conceptual tools such as ‘biographical ruptures’ and ‘existential problems’, is used to examine the life teloi of the Chinese-English literary translator John Minford. Minford’s sociological biography is reconstructed and then broken down to highlight his sociological ruptures and existential problems. The structural analysis of Minford’s biography indicates that he has a life telos of ‘translation as utopia’, which was forged before his entry into a translation career and had considerable influences on his translation activities. This suggests that there may be complex links between a translator’s life and practice. As such, it seems promising to investigate the translator’s personal history and explore the genesis of their motivations for engaging in translation, their selection of source texts, their preferences among translation norms, and their unique translation choices.

The smell of paper or the shine of a screen? Students’ reading comprehension, text processing, and attitudes when reading on paper and screen

With the increasing prevalence of digital devices such as smartphones, tablets and e-readers, more and more reading is happening in digital formats – also in classrooms across the world. The present study focuses on lower secondary school students and their reading comprehension and attitudes toward reading on paper and screens. The study uses an innovative methodological approach were eye-tracking technology is used to observe ten carefully sampled eight grade students with different reading levels. The students read a selection of texts and answered questions from the Norwegian national reading assessment on comparable versions on paper and on screen. By analyzing eye movement data (reading transitions), including more than 25000 fixations, in combination with text reading comprehension outcomes, students' cued retrospective reporting from reading, and interview data we have obtained detailed and comprehensive data on students' reading comprehension, reading behavior, and reading experiences across different media. A key result is that reading on screen leads to more shallow processing and can hinder reading comprehension. Importantly, our results from the students' cued retrospective reporting of their eye tracking, showed that they were unaware of their reading behavior and didn't reflect much on reading in different media. These findings have implications for the increasing shift to digital learning environments in the educational context. It is important to recognize the difference between reading processes, and policymakers and practitioners cannot assume that these processes are the same across individuals and different delivery modes.

Ionescu-Ionesco, voix d’un exilé ? Proposition d’une relecture théorique

Ionescu-Ionesco, Voice of an Exile? Proposal for a Theoretical Rereading. In this paper, we propose a different reading of Eugène Ionesco’s exile by drawing from a selection of texts from the 1930s and afterwards. As our purpose is to challenge the prevailing discourse surrounding the topic, we have opted to focus on critical and theoretical elements rather than biographical details. We keep in mind that the author’s contributions and the research on his work are two intertwined discourses. In post-1989 Romania, Ionesco is widely regarded as one of the leading literary figures of the Romanian exile. It is our opinion that his exiled status has not been sufficiently investigated, and our aim is to demonstrate that prudence and close reading could uncover some striking nuances that could lead scholars to the solution of a central question: Should Ionescu-Ionesco be regarded as an exile or rather as an expatriate? Keywords: Eugen Ionescu – Eugène Ionesco, exile, expatriate, ideology, reception