Testing Tools Research Articles

Fabrication of pbs films for air mass filter of solar simulator

The production of solar panels is continuously increasing due to increasing demands at industrial and residential levels. This also leads to an increasing demand for solar simulator testing tools. A solar simulator is a tool to assess a solar panel's performance in lab and industry scales. One of the main components of the solar simulator is the Air Mass Filter (AMF). The primary function of AMF is to remove unwanted wave bands from the solar simulator light source (e.g., Xe arc lamp) so that the filtered spectrum is commensurate to that of solar irradiation. An AMF can be produced by fabricating a thin material layer on a transparent substrate like glass. The film would absorb certain wave bands in different ways. This paper reports the fabrication of the chalcogenide PbS thin films for applying AMF. The thermal evaporation technique is used for the film fabrication. PbS is known for its versatility for applications in different optical devices due to its tailorable optical properties. Different amounts (in grams) of PbS source powders are used to deposit the PbS thin films. The optical properties of the films are then examined using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The distributions of the transmittance intensity of the Xe-arc-lamp light with and without the use of the films as an optical filter are then examined using a solar simulator. From the experiments, the film deposited using a 0.012 g PbS powder source is regarded as the optimum one regarding the transmittance intensity distribution.

Effect of Yogic Practices on Concentration of Senior Secondary School Students

Aim of this study is to find the effect of yogic practices on concentration of senior secondary school students. There were 100 participants (50 from control group and 50 from experimental group) in this study. Yogic practices for 6 months (daily for 1 hour) were done by experimental group students and control group students did no yogic practices. Digit letter Substitution Test (DLST) tool was used for measuring the concentration of students. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for determining the nature of data. T-test was used to find the significant difference between the pre-test and post - test scores. Results show that there is a significant and important difference in concentration of experimental and control group of senior secondary school students

Analysis of the Effect of Temporary Syirkah Funds and Operational Efficiency on Profitability with NPF as a Moderating Variable (Study on Islamic Commercial Banks 2017-2022)

This study aims to examine the effect of Temporary Syirkah Funds and Operational Efficiency on Profitability with NPF as a moderating variable. This study uses a type of quantitative research with a causal associative approach. The sampling technique used purposive sampling so that it was collected by 8 Sharia commercial banks. Data is obtained secondary through annual reports published on the website of each bank for 2017-2022. This study uses hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression testing tools. Data is processed using the Eviews-10 software application. The results showed that temporary syirkah funds had a positive and significant effect on profitability, operational efficiency did not affect profitability, Non-Performing Finance (NPF) was able to moderate the effect of temporary syirkah funds on profitability, Non-Performing Finance (NPF) was unable to moderate the effect of operational efficiency on profitability in Islamic commercial banks. Keywords: temporary syirkah fund, operational efficiency, profitability, non-performing finance

학급긍정훈육법을 활용한 초등 교육과정 연계 인성교육 프로그램 개발

Objectives The purpose of this study is to develop a character education program linked to the elementary school curriculum using positive classroom discipline. Methods The research method used to conduct this study was the ADDIE model, a representative ISD model. A design strategy was derived through requirements analysis such as literature analysis, case analysis, and expert interviews, and a draft of the program based on the design strategy was developed. An expert formative evaluation was conducted using FGI. Based on the results of the expert formative evaluation the program was modified and supplemented to produce the final version of the program. The final version of the program was verified for validity in five categories. Results The results of this study are as follows. First, a program design strategy was derived through literature analysis, case analysis, and needs analysis. Second, based on the program design strategy, a draft character edu-cation program using PDC was designed. Third, the final version of the program was derived through expert for-mative evaluation of the draft program. Fourth, as a result of verifying the program with a feasibility test tool, it was overall evaluated positively that the character education program using PDC had explanatory power, usefulness, validity, understanding, and universality. Conclusions As a result of the above research, it is expected that the character education program linked to the elementary curriculum using PDC developed in this study will be a useful program that can be used immediately by teachers in elementary schools. However, since this program consists of content suitable for use in upper grades, it is necessary to develop a program for lower grades of elementary school with easier questions and activities.

Leveraging Digital Advertising Platforms for Consumer Research

Abstract Digital advertising platforms have emerged as a widely utilized data source in consumer research; yet, the interpretation of such data remains a source of confusion for many researchers. This article aims to address this issue by offering a comprehensive and accessible review of four prominent data collection methods proposed in the marketing literature: “informal studies,” “multiple-ad studies without holdout,” “single-ad studies with holdout,” and “multiple-ad studies with holdout.” By outlining the strengths and limitations of each method, we aim to enhance understanding regarding the inferences that can and cannot be drawn from the collected data. Furthermore, we present seven recommendations to effectively leverage these tools for programmatic consumer research. These recommendations provide guidance on how to use these tools to obtain causal and non-causal evidence for the effects of marketing interventions, and the associated psychological processes, in a digital environment regulated by targeting algorithms. We also give recommendations for how to describe the testing tools and the data they generate and urge platforms to be more transparent on how these tools work.

Enhancing GUI Exploration Coverage of Android Apps with Deep Link-Integrated Monkey

Mobile apps are ubiquitous in our daily lives for supporting different tasks such as reading and chatting. Despite the availability of many GUI testing tools, app testers still struggle with low testing code coverage due to tools frequently getting stuck in loops or overlooking activities with concealed entries. This results in a significant amount of testing time being spent on redundant and repetitive exploration of a few GUI pages. To address this, we utilize Android’s deep links, which assist in triggering Android intents to lead users to specific pages and introduce a deep link-enhanced exploration method. This approach, integrated into the testing tool Monkey, gives rise to Delm (Deep Link-enhanced Monkey). Delm oversees the dynamic exploration process, guiding the tool out of meaningless testing loops to unexplored GUI pages. We provide a rigorous activity context mock-up approach for triggering existing Android intents to discover more activities with hidden entrances. We conduct experiments to evaluate Delm’s effectiveness on activity context mock-up, activity coverage, method coverage, and crash detection. The findings reveal that Delm can mock up more complex activity contexts and significantly outperform state-of-the-art baselines with 27.2% activity coverage, 21.13% method coverage, and 23.81% crash detection.

Fingerprinting of Octane Rating Gasoline and its Contaminants Using Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy.

Fuel fraud has proliferated due to underlying economic advantage in nearly every nation. For the purpose of detecting adulteration and providing real-time quality assurance, non-destructive oil analysis is crucial. This paper reports the simple approach for fingerprinting undiluted petroleum products including gasoline from various brands, diesel, and kerosene oil in comparison with organic solvents using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy and hierarchical cluster analysis. Fluorescence-based successful detection of adulterated samples is demonstrated in imported RON 92 gasoline, synthetically adulterated with kerosene oil (KO) in proportions up to 70%. Compared to gasoline, kerosene oil has a lower relative poly aromatic hydrocarbons, as the amount of kerosene oil (KO) increases, the KO peak at 352nm rises, but the gasoline's peak intensity decreases in the range of 371-500nm. It is noteworthy that imported fuel grades RON 92 and RON 95 are comparable to each other and surprisingly clustered with RON 91 from the Attock refinery presenting concerns about quality. Similarly, the Shell website mentions that Shell V-Power is RON 99 but interestingly it clusters with retail fuel samples acquired from PSO filling stations and PSO RON 95 showing disagreement with the claim that the fuel is high octane. Another use for this technique in oil exploration was the detection of adulterants and successfully spotted methanol, ethanol, and kerosene oil in the tainted samples. These findings suggest SFS as an accurate, and low-cost testing tool for gasoline fingerprinting and contamination screening.

The Effect of Employee Engagement and Work Happiness on Employee Satisfaction

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing and analyzing the effect of Employee Engagement and Work Happiness on Employee Satisfaction . Research data collection used questionnaires which were distributed to 55 respondents who worked as employees of the Regional Research and Development Agency for North Maluku Province. The model testing technique uses multiple linear regression. The analytical test tool uses SPSS version 25. The results of this study indicate that: (1) Employee engagement has a positive and significant effect on Employee Satisfaction. (2) Work happiness has a significant positive effect on employee satisfaction, (3) Employee engagement, work happiness both have a simultaneous and significant effect on employee satisfaction.

Optimizing Wireless Networks Performance Through Adaptive Machine Learning Strategies

This research aims to enhance wireless network performance through the development and implementation of a novel machine learning-based algorithm. The methodology involves comprehensive data collection in the Uttarakhand region, specifically in Dehradun, Haridwar, and Rishikesh, through LTE network drive tests. The collected data, over six months, serves as the foundation for the proposed algorithm. The research design focuses on parameterizing essential factors of path loss to optimize coverage. Various drive test tools, including NEMO, Agilent, TEMS, and XCAL-Mobile, are employed to measure and analyze field Received Signal Strength Indicators (RSSI) data. Statistical tools are utilized to collect network parameters, assess coverage, and analyze real-time mobile network data. The research objectives include the development and evaluation of the machine learning algorithm, comparing its performance across diverse network scenarios, and benchmarking against existing state- of-the-art algorithms. The proposed methodology provides a structured and relevant framework to achieve these objectives, fostering advancements in wireless network optimization through innovative machine-learning approaches.

한국어교육학과 언어병리학 그리고 청각학의 학문 간 융합 연구 시론

In order to expand the research area of Korean language pedagogy, this paper attempted to explore convergence research tasks with academic fields that have the commonality of Korean, such as Speech-Language Pathology and auditory studies. Speech-Language pathology is essentially an academic field that seeks ways to solve problems for people who have communication problems. Audiology is also an academic field that focuses on how to overcome communication difficulties using speech sounds based on the perception characteristics of speech sounds. As such, the need for convergence research to solve tasks that are difficult to solve independently in each academic field is great in that they are interested in the nature of Korean and its usage patterns. In the field of Speech-Language Pathology, in order to solve problems related to language development, standards for accurately measuring the degree of language development and treating people with delayed development or disabilities are needed. Although there is a need for convergence research with the Korean Language Pedagogy on how to prepare standards and guide language functions such as reading, writing, speaking, and listening, as well as essential vocabulary and grammar dlements used in everyday life, according to age and school age, such research has not been sufficiently conducted. There is no standard for treating this because it does not clearly present clear standards for language ability development, and it is difficult to present appropriate and effective educational methods in terms of educational methodology. In this regard, it was argued that future research on the development and rehabilitation methods of language development diagnostic tools should be conducted. In the field of Audiology, research related to the development of speech perception test tools is needed. For full communication, it is necessary to develop a tool that can test the communication ability of words, phrases, sentences, and discourse units beyond the stimulation of speech sounds at the phoneme level. Although there are differences in educational methods depending on the subject of education, linguistic pathology, and audiology, the fundamental content of education is very large. In the case of researchers, there may be a tendency to think that Korean language pedagogy has conducted relatively more research related to the characteristics of the Korean language than speech-language pathology and audiology. However, it is necessary to acknowledge that the research results on the nature of the Korean language required by neighboring disciplines are insignificant, and to conduct research to identify the nature and usage patterns of the Korean language through communication and cooperation with neighboring disciplines.

The influence of work culture and leadership style on employee job satisfaction with work discipline as an intervening variable PT Hutama Karya Infrastruktur Jakarta

This study discusses how the influence of work culture and leadership style on employee job satisfaction with work discipline as an intervening variable of PT Hutama Karya Infrastruktur Jakarta. This research uses quantitative methods, with a population of 168 employees at PT HKI Jakarta. The sampling technique is a purposive sampling technique using the slovin formula, which is 113 respondents. The analytical test tool used is Smart PLS with SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis method. The results of this study show that directly work discipline and leadership style have no effect on job satisfaction, organizational culture does not affect work discipline, organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, and leadership style has a positive and significant effect on work discipline. The results of the indirect test showed that organizational culture variables and leadership style did not have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction through work discipline as an intervening variable.

The Pittsburgh Impairment Testing Tool (PITT) for Spina Bifida Can Predict Ambulation and Transfer Ability in Adults with Spina Bifida.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive accuracy of the Pittsburgh Impairment Testing Tool (PITT). It was hypothesized that PITT would have a good overall accuracy (>80%) for predicting both ambulation and transfer ability and that overall accuracy of PITT would be higher than that of other scales. A retrospective chart review was used to classify 409 adults with spina bifida according to seven neurological scales. A Naïve Bayes classifier was used to obtain accuracy estimates for predicting both ambulation and transfer ability as a function of each scale. PITT was the only scale demonstrating >80% overall accuracy for predicting both ambulation and transfer ability. While several scales demonstrated >80% overall accuracy in predicting transfer ability, none were useful in predicting inability to transfer. Inability to transfer was difficult for all tools to predict. PITT demonstrated good overall accuracy for predicting both ambulation and transfer ability. Sensory and anatomic levels were less useful than motor level in predicting functional ability.

Pengaruh Popularitas Influencer terhadap Niat Pembelian Scarlett Whitening Melalui Sikap Influencer

This research aims to analyze the influence of influencer popularity on purchase intemtions for Scarlett Whitening through the influencer’s attitude. The data collection method for this research uses primary data. The population used in this research is the general public who intend to purchase Scarlett Whitening products. This research uses a purposive sampling technique and the sample size in the research is 150 respondents. This research model uses the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model as a test tool, namely Partial Least Square (PLS). the results of this research show that the popularity of influencers has a positive effect on purchase intentions. The influencer’s attitude has a positive effect on purchase intentions and the influencer’s popularity through the influencer’s attitude has a positive effect on purchase intentions.

Membrane-Free Lateral Flow Assay with the Active Control of Fluid Transport for Ultrasensitive Cardiac Biomarker Detection.

Membrane-based lateral flow immunoassays (LFAs) have been employed as early point-of-care (POC) testing tools in clinical settings. However, the varying membrane properties, uncontrollable sample transport in LFAs, visual readout, and required large sample volumes have been major limiting factors in realizing needed sensitivity and desirable precise quantification. Addressing these challenges, we designed a membrane-free system in which the desirable three-dimensional (3D) structure of the detection zone is imitated and used a small pump for fluid flow and fluorescence as readout, all the while maintaining a one-step assay protocol. A hydrogel-like protein-polyelectrolyte complex (PPC) within a polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) was developed as the test line by complexing polystreptavidin (pSA) with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), which in turn was layered with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) resulting in a superior 3D streptavidin-rich test line. Since the remainder of the microchannel remains material-free, good flow control is achieved, and with the total volume of 20 μL, 7.5-fold smaller sample volumes can be used in comparison to conventional LFAs. High sensitivity with desirable reproducibility and a 20 min total assay time were achieved for the detection of NT-proBNP in plasma with a dynamic range of 60-9000 pg·mL-1 and a limit of detection of 56 pg·mL-1 using probe antibody-modified fluorescence nanoparticles. While instrument-free visual detection is no longer possible, the developed lateral flow channel platform has the potential to dramatically expand the LFA applicability, as it overcomes the limitations of membrane-based immunoassays, ultimately improving the accuracy and reducing the sample volume so that finger-prick analyses can easily be done in a one-step assay for analytes present at very low concentrations.

Cross-project concurrency bug prediction using domain-adversarial neural network

In recent years, software bug prediction has shown to be effective in narrowing down the potential bug modules and boosting the efficiency and precision of existing testing and analysis tools. However, due to its non-deterministic nature and low presence, concurrency bug labeling is a challenging task, which limits the implementation of within-project concurrency bug prediction. This paper proposes DACon, a Domain-Adversarial neural network-based cross-project Concurrency bug prediction approach to tackle this problem by leveraging information from another related project. By combining a set of designed concurrency code metrics with widely used sequential code metrics, DACon uses SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling TEchnique) and domain-adversarial neural network to mitigate two challenges including the severe class imbalance between concurrency bug-prone samples and concurrency bug-free samples, and shift between source and target distribution during bug prediction implementation. Our evaluation on 20 pair-wise groups of experiments constructed from 5 real-world projects indicates that cross-project concurrency bug prediction is feasible, and DACon can effectively predict concurrency bugs across different projects.

Advancements in automated testing tools for Android set-top boxes: a comprehensive evaluation and integration approach

Advancements in automated testing tools for Android set-top boxes: a comprehensive evaluation and integration approach

The Effect of Virtual Reality Technology in Teaching Mathematics on Students’ Ability to Process Data and Graphic Representation

The study focused on the impact of using augmented reality (AR) in teaching mathematics to tenth-grade students in the 2022–2023 academic year. The sample consisted of 70 students from schools in the city of Amman, who were divided into 35 students in the experimental group and 35 students in the control group. The researcher utilized the quasi-experimental method and collected data through questionnaires and testing tools. Data were statistically analyzed using the MANOVA test, outcome analysis techniques, and GLM test. The results indicate the quality of virtual reality (VR). Students’ ability to process data improved by 94% in the experimental group and 88% in the control group. The experimental group demonstrated an effective contribution of 97% in improving graphic representation ability, while the control group showed a contribution of 92%. The study relied on the descriptive-analytical method. The study concluded that AR technology and its usage have become largely dependent on preparing technical and material requirements. It also highlighted that this technology aids students in learning scientific facts, concepts, and instructions in an easy and effective manner. The results indicate the necessity of expanding scientific research and studies on the advantages and disadvantages of AR technology and its optimal utilization.

ИНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СРЕДСТВА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ТЕСТИРОВАНИЕМ

The functional features of testing tools for manual and automated testing are considered

Analysis and construction of evaluation index system for tourism management classroom teaching based on regression model

In order to construct an evaluation index system suitable for tourism management classroom teaching, this article evaluates the teaching effectiveness of teachers and improves the teaching quality of tourism management courses. This article is based on developmental evaluation theory, using Analytic Hierarchy Process, Project Response Theory, and CIPP model to construct an indicator system suitable for tourism management classroom teaching. Then, based on the collected data of 5763 students, the reliability and effectiveness of the tool and indicator system were first verified. Then, the variable of teacher teaching style was introduced to construct an OLS regression model for empirical research. The research will summarize teacher and student data collected through the platform and conduct reliability analysis in SPSS 22.0 software, using Cronbach α The credibility of coefficient testing and evaluation tools. Cronbach in Environmental Fundamentals α The cβoefficient value is 0.8350. Cronbach for resource allocation α The coefficient is 0.735, and the Cronbah of the implementation process α Cronb Bach with a coefficient of 0.7 47 for teaching performance α The coefficient is 0.7240, indicating that rat ings has high reliability. Research has found that among the four specific types, the holistic type has the greatest impact on the specific situation, the holistic type has the greatest impact on the environmental foundation and resource allocation, and the legislative type has the greatest impact on the implementation process and teaching performance.

Development and Employment of Cyber Security of e201 File Web Application for Data Center College of the Philippines of Laoag City, Inc.

Web-based systems in today's interconnected world play a vital role and need of enhanced cybersecurity measures to protect sensitive information since cybercrimes are increasing rapidly. The focus of the study is on the development of an e201 file web application for the Data Center College of the Philippines which will be accessed through a web browser. The objective study is to evaluate the cybersecurity of the developed application, particularly in handling essential personnel records using confidential data OWASP ZAP security testing tool and its software quality based on ISO 25010 specifically in software functionality, usability, and security to determine if it is ready for live deployment. The study utilizes the Research and Development model as its research design to achieve its purpose. The conceptual framework of the study utilized the used of Input-Process-Output model and the Agile Iterative model in the development. The result of the security testing and suggestions of the OWASP ZAP, cyber security was employed in the web application including Content Security Policy Header, HTTOnly Cookie flags, SameSite attribute, X-Content-Type-Options Header, and Anti-CSRF Token. With an overall mean of 4.41 in the result of Users Acceptance Testing, it implies that the system is a great help for the institution. The positive feedback received from evaluators confirmed that the development of the e201 files web application were successful. This study implies that utilizing the OWASP Zap is a great help in strengthening cybersecurity and ISO 25010 in the software quality assurance of web applications of educational institutions.