Test-retest Reliability Scores Research Articles

Adaptation and Validation of the Meteoropathy Questionnaire to the Turkish Sample

The present study aimed to adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Meteoropathy Scale (METEO-Q) for the Turkish population. Furthermore, it aims to suppress some limitations of the original study by examining construct validity and test-retest reliability, and associations between certain variables. A total of 603 participants (M=34,92, SD=13,57) were recruited. METEO-Q, Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ), and sociodemographic form were utilized to collect data. To test the construct validity, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were carried out. The exploratory factor analysis result pointed out the presence of a two-factor structure. Two-factor structure exhibited a reasonable model fit in the confirmatory factor analysis. The two factors (meteorosensitivity and meteoropathy), structured checklist and, total score of METEO-Q indicated good reliability (α = .86, .88, .95, .93, respectively). Test-retest reliability scores demonstrated good reliability. The METEO-Q score was positively associated with SPAQ, gender, self-mutilation, and suicidal behaviors. In conclusion, the Turkish version of METEO-Q provides a valid and reliable measurement tool for the general population.

Reliability and validity of the Italian Version of the Chase Nurse Manager Competencies Scale

ObjectivesThis study aimed to translate and test the psychometric properties of the Chase Nurse Manager Competency Instrument (CNMCI) among Italian nurse managers and to provide further support for the scale’s validity testing. MethodsAn instrument translation and cross-sectional validation study was conducted. The English version was translated into Italian using the translation method, which included pre-translation (establishing equivalence), initial translation, pretesting, review, and administration. From August 2022 to June 2023, 349 nurse managers were recruited through a web survey from 31 public and private healthcare organizations in North, Central, and Southern Italy. Validity assessments included content and structural validity. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s α coefficient and test-retest reliability. ResultsThe content validity confirmed all the items of the CNMCI in the Italian version, including the two measurement sections, “knowledge and understand” and “ability to implement and/or use.” The instrument’s item-content validity index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.83 to 1.00, while the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) for both instrument sections was 0.97. The confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable fit. In the “knowledge and understand” section, Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.978, and in the “ability to implement and/or use” section, Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.976. The correlation coefficient between each dimension was 0.494–0.908. The test-retest reliability score was 0.82, suggesting good instrument consistency. ConclusionsOverall, the Italian CNMCI demonstrates good reliability and validity for measuring nurse managers’ core competencies and supports the construct’s multi-dimensionality. Also, our findings support the hierarchical nature of the factors, further supporting the validity of the instrument.

Psychometrics of inertial heading perception.

Inertial self-motion perception is thought to depend primarily on otolith cues. Recent evidence demonstrated that vestibular perceptual thresholds (including inertial heading) are adaptable, suggesting novel clinical approaches for treating perceptual impairments resulting from vestibular disease. Little is known about the psychometric properties of perceptual estimates of inertial heading like test-retest reliability. Here we investigate the psychometric properties of a passive inertial heading perceptual test. Forty-seven healthy subjects participated across two visits, performing in an inertial heading discrimination task. The point of subjective equality (PSE) and thresholds for heading discrimination were identified for the same day and across day tests. Paired t-tests determined if the PSE or thresholds significantly changed and a mixed interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) model examined test-retest reliability. Minimum detectable change (MDC) was calculated for PSE and threshold for heading discrimination. Within a testing session, the heading discrimination PSE score test-retest reliability was good (ICC = 0. 80) and did not change (t(1,36) = -1.23, p = 0.23). Heading discrimination thresholds were moderately reliable (ICC = 0.67) and also stable (t(1,36) = 0.10, p = 0.92). Across testing sessions, heading direction PSE scores were moderately correlated (ICC = 0.59) and stable (t(1,46) = -0.44, p = 0.66). Heading direction thresholds had poor reliability (ICC = 0.03) and were significantly smaller at the second visit (t(1,46) = 2.8, p = 0.008). MDC for heading direction PSE ranged from 6-9 degrees across tests. The current results indicate moderate reliability for heading perception PSE and provide clinical context for interpreting change in inertial vestibular self-motion perception over time or after an intervention.

Development and Preliminary Validation of an Equine Brief Pain Inventory for Owner Assessment of Chronic Pain Due to Osteoarthritis in Horses.

An owner-completed questionnaire was designed to monitor the level of chronic pain and impact on quality of life in horses with osteoarthritis (OA). A standardized approach to develop and validate subjective-state scales for clinical use was followed. Scale items were generated through literature review, focus group meetings, and expert panel evaluation. The draft tool was tested for reading level and language ambiguity and piloted in 25 owners/caregivers of horses with osteoarthritis, with factor analysis performed on responses. The resulting revised questionnaire is currently undergoing validation in a larger sample population of 60 OA and 20 sound control horses. In the pilot group, 21 people (84%) found the questionnaire easy to complete and 22 people (88%) found it useful. It could be completed within 5 min by all participants. Readability scores (Flesch Reading Ease Score, Flesch-Kincaid grade level, SMOG index) indicated an English language reading level comparable to that of 6th to 7th grade in the U.S. system (age 11-12 years). Cronbach's alpha of all items in the tool was 0.957, indicating excellent inter-item correlation. Interim analysis for 23 OA horses from the sample population showed good test-retest reliability and higher scores compared to 5 control horses. Full validation must be completed for the instrument to be used in clinical practice.

Quantifying Improvement in V˙ o2peak and Exercise Thresholds in Cardiovascular Disease Using Reliable Change Indices.

Improving aerobic fitness through exercise training is recommended for the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, strong justifications for the criteria of assessing improvement in key parameters of aerobic function including estimated lactate threshold (θ LT ), respiratory compensation point (RCP), and peak oxygen uptake (V˙ o2peak ) at the individual level are not established. We applied reliable change index (RCI) statistics to determine minimal meaningful change (MMC RCI ) cutoffs of θ LT , RCP, and V˙ o2peak for individual patients with CVD. Sixty-six stable patients post-cardiac event performed three exhaustive treadmill-based incremental exercise tests (modified Bruce) ∼1 wk apart (T1-T3). Breath-by-breath gas exchange and ventilatory variables were measured by metabolic cart and used to identify θ LT , RCP, and V˙ o2peak . Using test-retest reliability and mean difference scores to estimate error and test practice/exposure, respectively, MMC RCI values were calculated for V˙ o2 (mL·min -1. kg -1 ) at θ LT , RCP, and V˙ o2peak . There were no significant between-trial differences in V˙ o2 at θ LT ( P = .78), RCP ( P = .08), or V˙ o2peak ( P = .74) and each variable exhibited excellent test-retest variability (intraclass correlation: 0.97, 0.98, and 0.99; coefficient of variation: 6.5, 5.4, and 4.9% for θ LT , RCP, and V˙ o2peak , respectively). Derived from comparing T1-T2, T1-T3, and T2-T3, the MMC RCI for θ LT were 3.91, 3.56, and 2.64 mL·min -1. kg -1 ; 4.01, 2.80, and 2.79 mL·min -1. kg -1 for RCP; and 3.61, 3.83, and 2.81 mL·min -1. kg -1 for V˙ o2peak . For each variable, MMC RCI scores were lowest for T2-T3 comparisons. These MMC RCI scores may be used to establish cutoff criteria for determining meaningful changes for interventions designed to improve aerobic function in individuals with CVD.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Korean Synkinesis Assessment Questionnaire: A validation study.

The Synkinesis Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ) is a reliable tool to assess synkinesis symptoms; however, it is yet to be validated in Korea. Thus, this study aimed to translate and validate the Korean SAQ. This validation study was set in a clinic in Seoul, Korea, that provides general integrative medicine services. A total of 100 participants with facial palsy were enrolled. Participants completed the SAQ, House-Brackmann grade (HB grade), Sunnybrook Facial Grading System (SB), and Facial Disability Index (FDI). The forward-backward translation method was followed. Of the 100 participants, 31 underwent a second assessment for test-retest reliability. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The construct validity of the Korean version of the SAQ was tested using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The internal consistency score for the SAQ was 0.789, and the test-retest reliability score was 0.787. According to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the SAQ correlations to the synkinesis subdomain of SB score, total SB score, HB grade, and physical function domain in the FDI score were 0.366 (p < .001), -0.386 (p < .001), 0.315 (p = .001), and -0.269 (p = .007), respectively. All values were statistically significant. The Korean SAQ is a valid and reliable tool used to evaluate synkinesis in patients with facial palsy. Level 3.

Test-Retest Reliability of the Electronic Instrumental activities of daily living Satisfaction Assessment (EISA): A Cohort Study.

Currently, no self-report instruments exist for assessing satisfaction with performing instrumental activities of daily living and occupations for people with disabilities using internet-connected assistive devices like accessible smartphones, tablets, laptops, and apps. To assess the test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the Electronic Instrumental activities of daily living Satisfaction Assessment (EISA) self-report outcome tool. Repeated-measures cohort study with a time frame of 7 to 21 days. Multicity online recruitment at assistive technology clinics, nongovernmental organizations, advocacy and peer support groups for people with disabilities, and higher education institutions. Eighty-four participants with disabilities, age 18 yr or older, with a mean age of 43.3 yr (range = 19-75 yr), and 57% female. Not applicable. The a priori study hypotheses were that the EISA test-retest reliability scores would be above the minimum acceptable level (Rs > .80) and that internal consistency would be good (Cronbach's α = .70-.90). On the basis of the study data, the EISA, Version 1.0, demonstrated good test-retest reliability (Rs = .81) and excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .88). The results of the test-retest reliability and internal consistency analyses provide good support for the EISA to be used in clinical settings. What This Article Adds: This article documents the reliability and internal consistency of, to our knowledge, the first-ever self-report instrument for assessing satisfaction with performance of everyday occupations for people with disabilities using internet-connected assistive devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and apps.

The Psychometric Properties of the Adlerian Courage Scale in a Sample of Turkish Adolescents

Courage has received considerable attention in recent years. However, courage research has been limited due to a lack of appropriate measurement tools for adolescents. In this field, there is a measurement tool for courage from an Adlerian perspective for adults, but it is lacking for adolescents. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Adlerian Courage Scale – Adolescents Form within an adolescent sample in Türkiye. The scale was administered to 618 Turkish adolescents aged between 14-18. The confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the scale's one-dimensional structure was confirmed with high factor loadings for the items. Additionally, the internal reliability coefficient (α = .93) and test-retest reliability score (.95) illustrated that the items of the scale were reliable. Overall, considering reliability and validity results, the findings suggested that Adlerian Courage Scale – Adolescent Form is a valid and reliable measure to investigate the concept of courage in the context of positive psychology within the Turkish adolescent context.

Development and initial validation of the menstrual sensitivity index.

The present study sought to develop and perform the initial validation of a scale assessing sensitivity to menstrual pain and symptoms. Data were taken from a larger parent study in which participants were recruited from a nationwide sample of individuals via the UniVox platform (www.univoxcommunity.com). In that study, participants were stratified by age and self-reported menstrual pain. Participants in the parent study completed 2 online surveys, one at baseline and one at a 3-month follow up. Participants who provided complete responses to the potential scale items, as well as a variety of validated questionnaires, were included in the present analyses. Final item selection was determined by factor analyses, and measures of validity and reliability were examined. Factor analyses support an 8-item scale assessing menstrual sensitivity. This scale, the Menstrual Sensitivity Index, demonstrates excellent internal consistency, good item-total correlations, and good total score test-retest reliability. Convergent validity emerged for menstrual- and pain-specific measures, and divergent validity emerged for anxiety sensitivity, anxiety, depression, nonmenstrual bodily pain, and premenstrual symptoms. Menstrual sensitivity is a unique construct that reflects women's attunement to and fear of menstrual symptoms, and the Menstrual Sensitivity Index is a valid and reliable measure of this construct. This scale could be useful in advancing research and clinical work targeting menstrual pain.

The BTPI: An online battery for measuring susceptibility to visual illusions.

Visual illusions provide a powerful tool for probing the mechanisms that underlie perception. While most previous studies of visual illusions focused on average group-level performance, less attention has been devoted to individual differences in susceptibility to illusions. Unlike in other perceptual domains, in which there are established, validated tools to measure individual differences, such tools are not yet available in the domain of visual illusions. Here, we describe the development and validation of the BTPI (Ben-Gurion University Test for Perceptual Illusions), a new online battery designed to measure susceptibility to the influence of three prominent size illusions: the Ebbinghaus, the Ponzo, and the height-width illusions. The BTPI also measures perceptual resolution, reflected by the just noticeable difference (JND), to detect size differences in the context of each illusion. In Experiment 1 (N = 143), we examined performance in typical self-paced tasks, whereas in Experiment 2 (N = 69), we employed a fixed presentation duration paradigm. High test-retest reliability scores were found for all illusions, with little evidence for intercorrelations between different illusions. In addition, lower perceptual resolution (larger JND) was associated with a larger susceptibility to the illusory effect. The computerized task battery and analysis codes are freely available online.

A review of the Rett Syndrome Behaviour Questionnaire and its utilization in the assessment of symptoms associated with Rett syndrome.

The Rett Syndrome Behaviour Questionnaire (RSBQ), which is completed by the caregiver, is one of the most widely used efficacy measures in clinical studies of Rett syndrome (RTT) due to its specificity to the core features of RTT. As healthcare providers participate in routine healthcare assessments of individuals with RTT in clinical practice, there is a need for these providers to understand the psychometric properties of the RSBQ and how it relates to the core clinical features of RTT. Here, we describe the characteristics of the RSBQ, review the literature on its validity and reliability as well as its performance in a phase 2 study and the recent phase 3 LAVENDER study. The RSBQ was first shown to discriminate RTT from other intellectual disorders with good inter-rater and test-retest reliability scores. It was subsequently validated as an appropriate instrument for measuring behavior in females with RTT and adopted as a clinical trial outcome. In LAVENDER, the FDA-approved drug trofinetide significantly improved the RSBQ total score over placebo in girls and women with RTT and change from baseline for all RSBQ subscores were directionally in favor of trofinetide. The change in RSBQ was aligned with the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scale, suggesting that improvement in behavioral components may be related to overall clinical status. Given its validity and ubiquity in RTT clinical studies, it is important that the interplay of the domains and the psychometric profile of the RSBQ are understood.

Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of English Version of Kiddy-KINDL to Filipino Language in Assessing the Children's Health-Related Quality of Life (CHRQoL)

Background: Children's health-related quality of life (CHRQoL) involves a child's aim, expectations, standards, or concerns regarding overall health and its domains. The Kiddy-KINDL questionnaire is a tool to measure CHRQoL from information directly derived from children. It has been translated to various languages, except Filipino. This study would provide Filipino healthcare professionals with another functional tool for pediatric evaluation. Objective: To translate the English version of Kiddy-KINDL to Filipino and to determine its validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency of the Kiddy-KINDL in assessing the children's health-related quality of life (CHRQoL). Methods: The study involved 3 Phases: Translation, Pilot Testing, and Reliability Phase. The English version of Kiddy-KINDL was cross-culturally adapted and translated into Filipino through a forward and backward translation process. Face validity was performed with 40 participants during the pilot testing phase. Test-retest reliability testing was performed with a total of 116 pairs of children, ages four to six, and their guardian living in Metropolitan Manila. Results: In phases 1 and 2, there were a total of 5 versions before the final Filipino version was considered acceptable. In phase 3, the test-retest reliability score of each dimension ranged from 0.18 to 0.98. The total reliability scores were 0.77 and 0.98 for adults and children, respectively. The internal consistency score was found to be acceptable in both questionnaires. Conclusion: The Filipino-translated Kiddy-KINDL has acceptable face validity results, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency scores.

Measurement Properties' Evaluation of the Arabic Version of the Patient-Specific Functional Scale in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the patient-specific functional scale (PSFS-Ar) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) disorder. Materials and Methods: Reliability and validity were examined in patients with multiple sclerosis using a longitudinal cohort study design. One hundred (N = 100) patients with MS were recruited to examine the PSFS-Ar, test-retest reliability (using the interclass correlation coefficient model 2,1 (ICC2,1)), construct validity (using the hypothesis testing method), and floor-ceiling effect. Results: A total of 100 participants completed the PSFS-Ar (34% male, 66% female). The PSFS-Ar showed an excellent test-retest reliability score (ICC2,1 = 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.75-0.93). The SEM of the PSFS-Ar was 0.80, while the MDC95 was 1.87, indicating an acceptable measurement error. The construct validity of the PSFS-Ar was 100% correlated with the predefined hypotheses. As hypothesized, the correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between the PSFS-Ar and the RAND-36 domains of physical functioning (0.5), role limitations due to physical health problems (0.37), energy/fatigue (0.35), and emotional well-being (0.19). There was no floor or ceiling effect in this study. Conclusions: The study results showed that the PSFS-Ar is a self-reported outcome measure that is useful for detecting specific functional difficulties in patients with multiple sclerosis. Patients are able to express and report a variety of functional limitations easily and effectively, as well as to measure their response to physical therapy. The PSFS-Ar is, therefore, recommended for use in Arabic-speaking countries for clinical practice and research for patients with multiple sclerosis.

Validation of the Turkish version of the Lewy body composite risk score

The Lewy Body Composite Risk Score (LBCRS) has been developed to increase the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis attributable to Lewy body pathology outside of specialty centers. We aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the LBCRS in patients with dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) and investigate the discriminative power of the test in Turkish patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and DLB, and control group. The sample population (n = 512) comprised DLB (n = 113), DLB-Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)(n = 12), AD (n = 42), AD-MCI (n = 21), and control group (n = 324). A significant group difference was observed in the Turkish version of the LBCRS scores of the five groups (p < .001). The Cronbach’s α value was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.799–0.868). The test–retest reliability score of the scale was r = 0.94 and p < .001. The subscales of the LBCRS (motor and nonmotor subdomains of the disease) were determined to explain 65.961% of the total variance with an eigenvalue >1. In patients with DLB, the cutoff score of ≥3 showed sensitivity (92%) and specificity (81%) (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.883, 95% CI: 0.815–0.951), p < .001) compared with the AD. Compared to the control group, the cutoff score of ≥3 showed a sensitivity of 98% and specificity of 97% (AUC = 0.994, 95% CI: 0.989–0.999, p < .001). The Turkish version of LBCRS permits accurate diagnosis of DLB with high sensitivity and specificity. Also, it can be useful to inform the caregivers regarding the course of the disease during the follow-up.

Çok Boyutlu Mevcut Kontrol Ölçeği geliştirme ve geçerlilik çalışması

The most commonly used perceived control scales focus on persistent general control beliefs or the control over personal reactions. These scales are not applicable to various adult groups and fail to represent main life domains. In addition, previous research shows that current control feelings explain health outcomes better than general control beliefs. This study aimed to develop a general current control scale based on the degree of perceived control at five main life domains, targeting various adult groups. Five main life domains (i.e., health, interpersonal relations, personal growth, economy, and societal issues) and their subsections were determined based on the perceived control literature. Five academics assessed the scale’s content validity, and its feasibility was tested via a pilot study. 376 participants (281 females, mean age 30.5) completed Demographic Information Form, the Multidimensional Current Control Scale (MCCS), the Domain General Perceived Control Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Psychological Wellbeing Scale online. Results show that the scale has a good degree of factor, convergent, and criterion validity. In addition, the scale has high internal reliability (a = .89) and test-retest reliability scores (r = .69) with a two-week interval. These findings helped us develop a multidimensional current control scale targeting various adult groups with good psychometric characteristics.

Reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the modified falls efficacy scale

Purpose The purpose of this study was to adapt Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES) into Arabic and determine the reliability and validity of the instrument. Materials and methods The study was conducted in two phases: (i) translation and adaptation by the systematic approach of the ‘forward-back’ translation method and (ii) psychometric testing of the Arabic version of the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale among 207 community-dwelling older adults (≥ 60 years). Results The Arabic version of the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.98) and test–retest reliability scores (ICC = 0.96, 95% CI; 0.95–0.97). And also showed strong correlations with both the Falls Efficacy International (r = −0.82) and the activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (r = 0.87). Sampling adequacy for factor analysis was proven by a Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin value of 0.962. Goodness-of-fit (GFI) statistics for the model were in the acceptable range (Chi-Square/Degree of Freedom (CMIN/DF) = 2.59, Goodness-of-fit index (GFI) = 0.9, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.97, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.79). Conclusion The Arabic version of the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale has demonstrated excellent psychometric qualities to measure the level of fear of falling.

Dutch translation, adaptation and validation of the OT-10 scale for orthostatic tremor

IntroductionThere are currently no effective treatments for primary orthostatic tremor (POT). An adequate disease-specific POT severity scale is a prerequisite to conduct clinical trials and monitor disease severity in clinical practice. Recently, the English OT-10 scale has been developed for this purpose. Here we aimed to obtain a scale to measure the severity of POT in Dutch speaking individuals. MethodsAn established translation, adaptation and validation approach was employed to obtain a Dutch version of the OT-10 scale. Validation was performed in a Dutch POT cohort (n = 46). ResultsA Dutch OT-10 scale was obtained which showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.80), total score test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.80), and concurrent validity (Pearson correlation > 0.80). Item-to-total correlation was good (weighted kappa > 0.40) for all items, and item test–retest reliability was good (weighted kappa > 0.40) for eight out of ten items. Overall, the Dutch OT-10 scale demonstrated acceptable validity. ConclusionsWe obtained and validated a Dutch version of the OT-10 scale, capturing POT severity. Next to its use in clinical practice, translation and validation of the OT-10 scale in more languages will help to find evidence-based treatments for POT.

Test-retest reliability of time-varying patterns of brain activity across single band and multiband resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy older adults.

Leading Eigenvector Dynamics Analysis (LEiDA) is an analytic approach that characterizes brain activity recorded with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) as a succession of discrete phase-locking patterns, or states, that consistently recur over time across all participants. LEiDA allows for the extraction of three state-related measures which have previously been key to gaining a better understanding of brain dynamics in both healthy and clinical populations: the probability of occurrence of a given state, its lifetime and the probability of switching from one state to another. The degree to which test-retest reliability of the LEiDA measures may be affected by increasing MRI multiband (MB) factors in comparison with single band sequences is yet to be established. In this study, 24 healthy older adults were scanned over three sessions, on weeks 0, 1, and 4. On each visit, they underwent a conventional single band resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) scan and three different MB rs-fMRI scans, with MB factors of 4, with and without in-plane acceleration, and 6 without in-plane acceleration. We found test-retest reliability scores to be significantly higher with MB factor 4 with and without in-plane acceleration for most cortical networks. These findings will inform the choice of acquisition parameters for future studies and clinical trials.

Development and evaluation of the perceived variety-support in physical education scale (PVSPES)

ABSTRACT The provision of variety has been posited to influence motivation in physical education. Therefore, the aim of this 3-phase study was to design and evaluate a brief scale to assess ratings of variety-support in physical education. In Phase 1, 20 experts were invited to review the developed items of the Perceived Variety-Support in Physical Education (PVSPE) scale. In Phase 2, factorial validity of item responses was assessed in a sample of adolescents aged 12–14 years (n = 265). In Phase 3, test-retest reliability was determined over a one-week period (n = 100). A one-factor model resulted in “good” fit to the data (χ2(21) = 43.265, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.968, TLI = 0.952, RMSEA = 0.089; factor loading estimates showed that indicators were highly related to the factor (range: 0.60 to 0.93); and ICC was 0.98, 95% CI [0.97 to 0.98]. Our results provide initial evidence for the validity, measurement invariance, and test-retest reliability of scores derived from the VSPE scale for use with adolescents.

The Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory Screening Scale (HHIE-S) among Older Adults

BackgroundThere is a great need for a valid hearing loss measurement tool in the Persian language to help identify hearing handicaps and potential communicational difficulties among Persian-speaking older adults. The present study aimed to validate and adapt the original English version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE) into the Persian language. MethodsA tool development study was designed and data were collected from August to November 2019 in Tabriz, Iran among the older adults aged 60 years and above whose hearing loss had been confirmed by audiometry. The construct validity was assessed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The reliability of the tool was calculated by internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 (SPSS and STATA 14). ResultsThe CFA was conducted to examine the construct validity of the HHIE-S. According to the results, the model fit indices were acceptable (TLI = 0.93, CFI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.07 (90% CI: 0.04 to 0.10), and SRMR = 0.03). Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.85) and the test-retest reliability score (0.73) indicated good internal consistency. ConclusionThe results showed that HHIE-S is a valid and reliable tool for assessing hearing handicaps among Persian-speaking and Iranian older adults.