Tertiary Channels Research Articles

Evaluation of the Drainage Channel Capacity of Air Ukah in Ngabang

Flooding in Ngabang, Landak Regency, Kalimantan Barat often results from high rainfall, urban expansion, and limited drainage. This study analyzes the Air Ukah drainage system, including primary, secondary, and tertiary channels, to assess current capacities against projected rainfall intensities. Hydraulic and hydrological analyses were performed using primary field data and validated rainfall records from 1999-2020. Findings reveal that the existing drainage, with the primary channel’s 5.20 m³/s capacity, the secondary channel at 0.36 m³/s, and tertiary channels at 0.82 m³/s, cannot accommodate maximum discharge, particularly for a 100-year return period rainfall of 114.27 mm/hour. To address this, channels were expanded: the primary channel was widened to 6.5 m and deepened to 3.5 m, increasing its capacity to 11.83 m³/s. The secondary and tertiary channels were similarly upgraded, now accommodating 2.40 m³/s and a cumulative 34.07 m³/s. These modifications significantly enhance drainage capacity, preparing Ngabang to handle intense rain events and mitigating flood risks, particularly in urban areas. This upgraded system now meets the need for resilience against extreme rainfall, ensuring improved water management and community safety.

Enhancing Rice Cultivation Efficiency in Tidal Lowland of Delta Saleh, Indonesia: Precision Farming Practices for Water Management and Soil Health Improvement

Tidal lowland is a marginal land characterized by low pH, deficient nutrients, and salinity. Despite these challenges, El Niño phenomenon often occurs during the second planting season, resulting in long droughts. However, tidal lowland must be used for cultivation due to the need for rice and the land should be treated accurately. Therefore, this research aimed to address the issues by improving the efficiency of rice cultivation on tidal lowland through precision farming practices. A survey and land analysis were conducted in tidal lowland of B typology in Delta Saleh, Indonesia, from March 2023 to June 2023. In this precision farming practice, water management was highly prioritized, starting from tertiary channels such as optimizing sluice gate operations and monitoring water levels in channels and groundwater. Additionally, pH, CEC, and C-Organic analysis were also carried out in rice cultivation, as showed by the equation Y = 0.15 - 0.001 pH + 0.000 CEC + 0.000 C-Organic. The highest production yield was 2.05 tons/ha in P5, with the SEW-10 value during cultivation activities being 778 cm and the number of days above -10 reaching 84. Moreover, the efficiency of rice cultivation was improved through precision agricultural practices by using valve sluices and levees.

Enhancing Rice Cultivation Efficiency in Tidal Lowland of Delta Saleh, Indonesia: Precision Farming Practices for Water Management and Soil Health Improvement

Tidal lowland is a marginal land characterized by low pH, deficient nutrients, and salinity. Despite these challenges, El Niño phenomenon often occurs during the second planting season, resulting in long droughts. However, tidal lowland must be used for cultivation due to the need for rice and the land should be treated accurately. Therefore, this research aimed to address the issues by improving the efficiency of rice cultivation on tidal lowland through precision farming practices. A survey and land analysis were conducted in tidal lowland of B typology in Delta Saleh, Indonesia, from March 2023 to June 2023. In this precision farming practice, water management was highly prioritized, starting from tertiary channels such as optimizing sluice gate operations and monitoring water levels in channels and groundwater. Additionally, pH, CEC, and C-Organic analysis were also carried out in rice cultivation, as showed by the equation Y = 0.15 - 0.001 pH + 0.000 CEC + 0.000 C-Organic. The highest production yield was 2.05 tons/ha in P5, with the SEW-10 value during cultivation activities being 778 cm and the number of days above -10 reaching 84. Moreover, the efficiency of rice cultivation was improved through precision agricultural practices by using valve sluices and levees.

Analisis Sistem Jaringan Tata Air Pada Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut, Desa Telang Karya, P87S, Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan

The world's growing population is increasing the need for land, prompting the conversion of productive agricultural land into non-agricultural purposes. This has led to a shift in agricultural development to sub-optimal lands, such as tidal swamplands. However, several problems arise along the way, including water management. A good water management network is necessary for supporting efficient water use. This study aims to analyze the water system network on tidal swamps to support agricultural activities. The survey and field observation methods were used to collect data. The results showed that the water system in Telang Karya Village, P87S, Banyuasin, South Sumatra, experienced sedimentation in the tertiary channel. In channel 3, the thickness of sediment reached 72 cm, resulting in silting, which reduces water discharge. Field observations revealed that sedimentation occurs due to the channels being overgrown by wild plants. This hampers the water flow, causing it to slow down or even stop. In some tertiary channels, the watergate operation needs to be carried out optimally. Maintaining the ideal conditions of tertiary channels is crucial, and watergate operations should be performed based on the needs of the plants.

ANALYSIS OF WATER GOVERNANCE IN IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT INSTITUTIONS IN THE BENA IRRIGATION AREA, SOUTH AMANUBAN DISTRICT, SOUTH CENTRAL TIMOR REGENCY

Purpose: The aim of this research is to identify problems and evaluate the effectiveness of institutions in irrigation management in the Bena region, as well as understand the impact on farmers. This research also aims to provide comprehensive information about institutional governance and behavior of the government, private sector and community in irrigation management, as well as identifying strategies to increase the effectiveness of water management in the future. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework for this research includes the following concepts: clean water crisis, the link between water availability and food security, governance paradigms, the concept of sustainable development, the role of irrigation management institutions, institutional challenges, conflict and inefficiency in the allocation of water resources, and principles -environmental principles. This theoretical framework helps analyze water management problems in the Bena irrigation area and develop recommendations to improve the effectiveness of water management in the future. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research was carried out using the descriptive analysis method, namely, by displaying or explaining clearly and in detail the conditions and realities in the region's irrigation management institutions. Results: The results of the research show that there is no synergy between primary, secondary, and tertiary channels, increasing irrigation water conflicts, implementation of planting procedures without paying attention to water management conditions, construction results are not followed by asset management due to lack of budget allocation, and the empowerment, strengthening and participation of institutional water user farmer associations (P3A) has not been optimal so that the capacity of local governments, especially districts, in managing Bena water resources and irrigation is not optimal. Therefore, it is recommended that in the institutional context of irrigation management, each party involved must complement each other's work culture framework so that no one party dominates the running of the water governance. It is strong enough to replace the hierarchy. Research, practical and social implications: The implications of this research include: providing an analytical model of water governance, identification of water governance challenges, recommendations for the adoption of customary water management practices, emphasis on stakeholder involvement in policy making, cultural adaptation and integration, and increased communication and collaboration. It provides a platform for researchers and policymakers to improve the effectiveness of water governance, while strengthening community engagement and paying attention to local cultural values. Originality/Value: The originality of this research lies in the application of a new water governance analysis model, identification of specific challenges in water governance, recommendations for adopting indigenous water management practices, emphasis on stakeholder engagement, cultural adaptation, and improved communication and collaboration. It makes an important contribution to enriching understanding of water governance and offers practical guidance for improving the effectiveness and sustainability of water management at the local level.

PERAN DANA GAMPONG DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN ACEH UTARA

Village funds are funds sourced from the state budget (APBN) which are prioritized for the implementation of development and community development based on the potential in the village. prioritized for the implementation of development and community development based on the potential that exists in the village. Muara Batu Sub-district is one of the recipients of the village fund or the largest ceiling, has a large agricultural area, the majority of the farming community work as farmers but the initial survey of village funds for agriculture was only a small part realized in North Aceh District. Gampong Cot Trueng, Meunasah Baro, Teupin Banja are the highest, medium and lowest ceiling recipients selected as research areas. This study aims to determine the contribution of gampong funds in agricultural development in Muara Batu sub-district and to identify the role of gampong funds in agricultural development in Muara Batu sub-district. The analysis method used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the role of gampong funds in agricultural development in 2018 contributed 42%, in 2019 contributed 11%, in 2020 contributed 44%, and the identification of the role of gampong funds in agricultural development in 2020 contributed 44%. 2020 contributed 44%. and identification of the role of village funds in agricultural development, namely procurement of seeds, procurement of fertilizers, procurement of agricultural capital, training of horticultural crops, construction of irrigation channels, construction of tertiary channels, construction of farm roads, construction of agricultural centers. The contribution and identification of the role of village funds in agricultural development was able to increase rice production from 7.2 tons/ha to 8.5 tons/ha.

Numerical Analysis of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Novel Microchannel Heat Sink

Microchannel heat sinks have gained prominence in the field of thermal management, offering compact and efficient solutions for dissipating heat flux from high performance electronic devices. Escalating heat flux in modern electronic devices, such as those found in telecommunication equipment, industrial automation equipment, solar devices, and data centre servers has driven the continuous development of microchannel heat sink to achieve efficient thermal management. The critical challenge in thermal management for these devices is to develop a microchannel that enhances heat transfer performance and minimises pressure drop. Heat transfer and pressure drop are two competing factors that determine the practicability of the design for real world application. Improvement in heat transfer performance usually results in an increase in pressure drop and pumping power. This study addresses the challenges of designing microchannel through comprehensive numerical analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of a novel design that combines ribs, secondary channels, and tertiary channels. The numerical results showed that the novel microchannel design achieves a favourable balance between heat transfer and pressure drop, demonstrating its potential to be used in application where high heat transfer and efficiency are paramount. To assess the performance of the microchannels, thermal resistance, a measure of system’s resistance to heat transfer is used. At the same pumping power, thermal resistance in the new design is consistently lower compared to other designs.

Characteristics and Management of Drainage Infrastructure in Medan Sunggal District, Medan City

Climate change, characterized by high-intensity rainfall, coupled with inadequate drainage systems, small and shallow river dimensions, and a lack of community awareness, has caused flooding and inundation in Medan Sunggal District. This study aims to understand the characteristics and management of drainage infrastructure in Medan Sunggal Subdistrict, Medan City, to identify its characteristics and implement suitable management efforts. The research adopts a positivism paradigm with a positivistic approach, relying on empirical facts (sensual empiricism). The research methodology used is purely qualitative descriptive, focusing on an in-depth understanding related to the characteristics, context, and research subjects. Data collection methods include Guest Tour and comparative techniques. The results of this study show that the characteristics of drainage infrastructure in the study area form a network pattern. The types of channels in the study area are primary channels, secondary channels, and tertiary channels. They consist of artificial channels with open concrete construction, located above the ground with a combined drainage system. While most of the physical conditions are good, some exhibit minor damage. A significant portion of the drainage water is stagnant. Flood-prone areas constitute 41%, areas with infrequent flooding are at 43%, and areas that have never experienced flooding are at 16%. Management recommendations for the study area include providing green open spaces, creating biopore infiltration holes, constructing detention and retention ponds, using paving blocks/grass blocks, conducting maintenance (normalization and rehabilitation) of drainage, and involving the community in each management aspect.

Mengatasi Genangan Jalan Donowati Kota Surabaya Melalui Perbaikan Drainase

Surabaya plays a crucial role as the economic center in eastern Indonesia. However, it is identified as a waterlogging-prone area. Several regions have experienced flooding with water heights ranging from 10 to 70 cm, lasting up to 6 hours. This issue also happened in the Donowati area, Surabaya where mismatches in the construction of urban drainage channels with design criteria were found, resulting in inundation. These inundations cause infrastructure damage, health risks, disruption of activities, and economic losses. This research aims to evaluate and optimize the drainage system in Jalan Donowati, Surabaya. The research was conducted by collecting existing canal dimension data and hydrological data. Furthermore, data analysis was carried out, including hydrological and hydraulics analysis. Repairs will be carried out if an overflow occurs so the channel can run normally. The results showed drainage channels on Jalan Donowati could not accommodate rainwater due to their small capacity, namely one secondary and three tertiary channels. The channel redesign obtained dimensions of 1 m x 1 m for the secondary channel and 0.7 m x 0.6 m for the tertiary channel. The validation results show that the new dimension is safe against high rainfall. In addition to channel re-dimensions, inlet additions were also made to allow rainwater to enter the drainage canals more efficiently. So that with this new dimension, it can prevent inundation that occurs during the rainy season.

Efficiency Analysis of Tertiary Channels in Mataram Irrigation. Special Region of Yogyakarta

Mataram irrigation canal is an agricultural infrastructure built around 1942 with a channel length of ± 34.5 km. Changes in land use patterns that occur in Yogyakarta will certainly have an impact on changing the demand for water discharge in the canals and the ability of the canals to drain water. The tertiary network in the Mataram irrigation canal is the most influential on land use change. where the network connects the Mataram main network with the surrounding rice fields. This study reviews how much efficiency and water loss occurs in the Mataram irrigation tertiary channel. Analysis of the efficiency of the Mataram irrigation canal was carried out by comparing the discharge inflow and outflow in the channel while the analysis of water loss in the channel is carried out by calculating the amount of evaporation and seepage that occurs in the channel. Efficiency results in 25 Mataram tertiary channels. there are 9 channels where water utilization is greater than water demand indicated loss that occurs in the channel. Loss in the channel is caused using water for other factors or water leakage occurs in the channel. This is indicated by the fact that the water supplied to the canal is greater than the required amount of water. so that the percentage of water usage in this channel is more than 100%. Different conditions were obtained from the other 16 canals. where water utilization was less than the water requirement. so there was excess water in the canals. This incident occurred because the irrigation service area had experienced a change in land use or a lot of land that did not need water. This causes the downstream water discharge to be greater than the given discharge because there is additional discharge from other sources.

Design of Irrigation Channel Network Connectivity and Tertiary Channels in Menten Village, Rambutan District South Sumatra to Optimize Agricultural Land

South Sumatra Province is a province that is flowed by many rivers, including the Musi River, the longest river on the island of Sumatra. The condition of inadequate irrigation infrastructure means that farmers in Menten Village can only plant one crop per year. This study aimed to determine the irrigation water needs of tertiary canals and design the dimensions of connectivity and tertiary channels. Repairing the irrigation network in the village is planned to increase the productivity of agricultural land to two plantings in one year with a cropping pattern of rice and crops. This research was conducted following the following stages Calculation of Irrigation Water Needs, Calculation of Surface Runoff Discharge, Calculation of Channels Design Discharge, Calculation and determination of the dimensions of Connectivity and Tertiary Irrigation Channels. The study results obtained a Need Field Requirement (NFR) value of 1.572 l/s/ha with a maximum irrigation water requirement of 2.418 l/s.ha. To increase menten agricultural yields, a planting pattern of 2 times is planned. The planned channel is an open trapezoidal channel that functions as a carrier channel and a discharge channel namely rice and crops. There are three connectivity irrigation channels. While there are 25 tertiary irrigation canals. The results of this research can be used reference to improve irrigation systems that are still not optimal.

Enhancing of micro water management in dry season at Dadahup lowland irrigation area

The Indonesian government in 2020 initiated a food estate program to revitalize Ex-PLG areas in order to strengthen national food security. Dadahup lowland irrigation area (DIR Dadahup) was part of the food estate program. Water insufficiency during the dry season has been Dadahup’s problem to date. The channel’s water level during the dry season drops to +0.48 m, which is lower than the average ground level of +1.00 m and +1.30 m at the left and right banks, respectively. This causes stunted growth of the cultivated paddy. The use of gates in secondary and tertiary channels serves to maintain the water level of the channels so that it is possible to irrigate paddy fields whose elevation is +1.00 to +1.20 m. This can be achieved by placing and regulating the opening and closing of the gates with the assistance of flow simulation using the HEC-RAS program.

Study Of Evaluation Of Drainage Waterways System In Catchment Area Kertomenanggal Kota Surabaya

Kertomenanggal secondary channel is a channel that passes from the upstream of the Pagesangan Timur 1 channel to the downstream of the Surabaya-Sidoarjo Border Channel Primary Channel along 2.68 km, has a catchment area of ​​1.3 km2. In the rainy season, inundation often occurs at STA 1,455 to STA 1,819 in the Kertomenanggal Channel. This can cause disruption of population activities. Inundation can occur due to flood discharge that is too high, so that the channel capacity is unable to accommodate the existing flood discharge. There are 4 tertiary channels leading to the Kertomenanggal Channel that need to be analyzed, namely, the Menanggal Indah channel, Wisma Menanggal 7, Cipta Menanggal 2, and Wisma Menanggal 1.The method used to find the capacity of the drainage channel includes hydrological analysis used to find the maximum daily average rainfall in the area and catchment area of ​​the Kertomenanggal channel, as well as analysis of channel calculations using the rational method to determine the existing discharge and the planned Kertomenanggal channel.The existing Kertomenanggal channel drainage is 9.530 m3/second, while the incoming design discharge is 11.252 m3/second. The existing size of the Kertomenanggal Channel which is now unable to accommodate the water discharge when it rains, so it is necessary to normalize the channel and change the dimensions of the overflowing channel. Pump optimization needs to be done in order to cope with the planned flood discharge which is greater than the existing discharge of the Kertomenanggal Channel.

Potential Study of The Utilization of Rawa Rantau Panjang Irrigation for Farmers of Lawang Wetan District Musi Banyuasin Regency

This study is where from September 2020 to December 2020. The approach of irrigation areas is based on hydrological areas ranging from the main primary channel of the river, secondary channels to tertiary channels in the farmers’ rice fields. At the same time, the approach of potential utilization of irrigation water Rantau Panjang used the pra method (participatory rural appraisal). In addition to knowing public perception and field facts, conducting Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with questionnaire tools. Furthermore, the data is processed, tabulated, and analyzed with SWOT analysis. This study aims to determine the potential of long-term swamp irrigation utilization for farmers of Lawang Wetan Subdistrict, Musi Banyuasin Regency. The result of the study on the potential benefits of irrigation of Rantau Panjang swamp is 1. The potential of local resources strength to restore the activities of gotong royong in all activities. 2. potentially increase the functional area from 300 ha to 1.000 ha. 3. The potential of the formation, strengthening, and empowerment of water-use farmers associations (P3A). 4. soil fertility rates at the study site based on the availability of nutrients are generally classified as low to moderate so that rice paddy plants are more suitable to be cultivated at this location.

Integrated Duflow-Drainmod model for planning of water management operation in tidal lowland reclamation areas

The research objective was to develop field operational model to control water table level at reclaimed area of tidal lowland for food crop cultivation. DUFLOW computer model was used to evaluate the perfomance of water management network at secondary and tertiary levels, whereas DRAINMOD computer model is used to evaluate soil water status at tertiary block. Results of DUFLOW model simulation can be used to improve water management by passing the Secondary Irrigation Chanel (SPD) and Secondary Drainage Chanel (SDU) through tertiary channels, water gate installation of stop-log type and weir construction in Drainage Secondary Channel (SDU). The weir construction has function as long storage and capable to control or maintain soil water level in land not quickly drawdown. Drainmod simulation model is acceptable, this is indicated by the results of statistical analysis where the correlation coefficient value reaches 0.89. Analysis of DUFLOW-DRAINMOD computer model software showed mutually supportive results in which DUFLOW simulation results can provide water potential information in channel for supply purpose. This water level condition is an important part in DRAINMOD model because it has effect on soil water level dynamics as targeted on tertiary block as well as on capacity to applied drainage operation system.

Kinerja Jaringan Irigasi Tingkat Tersier untuk Wilayah Pertanian Daerah Irigasi Kenconorejo UPTD-P2PU Wilayah II Subah

Irrigation is an important factor in the world of agriculture, Batang Regency is one of the regencies where the majority of the population is farmers. There are several sources or uses of water in agricultural irrigation, including by making a weir or dam. Batang Regency has several technical weirs including the Kenconorejo weir. Kenconorejo Weir Building has several complementary buildings including the weir lighthouse, weir drain door, intake gate, drainage gate and tertiary channel. The tertiary network of the Kenconorejo Irrigation Area has a total length of 8,050 m and a total agricultural area of 712 ha. With quite a long tertiary channel in the tertiary network of the Kenconorejo Irrigation Area, some of the tertiary buildings were damaged, including in the Jrakahpayung Village and Karanggeneng Villages. The results of the calculation of the discharge of tertiary channels in Kenconorejo are obtained, Jrakahpayung Village 36 l/sec with a land area of 18 ha, Kedungsegog 320 l/sec with a land area of 210 ha, Kenconorejo1 212 l / sec with an area of 150 ha, Kenconorejo2 260 l/sec with an area of 148 ha, Ponowareng Village 185 l / sec with an area of 120 ha, and the last is Karanggeneng Village with a total discharge of 94 l / sec and an area of 66 ha. And with the existence of several damaged small complementary buildings, this is of course homework for the PSDA Office which has the authority to manage irrigation systems in a government agency.

The amelioration of tidal peatland to improve liberica coffee productivity in Jambi

Liberica coffee is a type of coffee that is adaptable to peatlands. The farmers in Jambi has been using peatland to grow Liberica coffee. However, after more than 15 years the productivity started to decline by 25%. This study aims to increase the productivity of Liberica coffee in tidal peat soils. The study used a randomized block design with soil ameliorants as treatments, namely (P0 as control) no ameliorants, (P1) dolomite, (P3) manure, (P4) biofertilizer, (P5) dolomite + manure, and (P6) manure + biofertilizer. Four replications were used with plot size 2 x 5 plants. The total samples of the study were 280 plants. Maintenance of the area and plants includes weeding, cleaning tertiary channels, cleaning the plant areas. Simultaneously, parameters observed, including the number of branches, number of bunch/branches, number of berries, berries production, number of berries/100 g. Vegetative parameters were the increase in plant height and number of branches. Another parameter was soil analysis. The results showed that amelioration of peatland increased nutrition in the Liberica coffee leaf. Dolomite application increased the P, Mg, and Fe levels. In contrast, manure increased N, K, and Fe, biofertilizers or dolomite combined with manure increased N, P, K, and Fe. In contrast, the combination of dolomite and biofertilizer increased P, K, and manure, and biofertilizer increased N, P, and Fe in Liberica coffee leaf. Dolomite increased plant height up to 0,76 cm and the number of branches up to 5,05 branches/plant of the Liberica coffee. Dolomite application also increased productivity up to 47.96%, manure 30.69%, while other soil ameliorants can increase productivity by 4.11% to 11.87%. Dolomite, manure, and biofertilizer application can improve berries quality by 5%.

Pengaruh Variasi Arah Aliran Udara pada Stove terhadap Karak-teristik Pembakaran Wood Pellet

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of inlet airflow direction on the combustion characteristics of a wood pellet stove. The direction of the airflow into the wood pellet stove is varied for four methods, namely inlet I, inlet II, inlet III, and inlet IV. At inlets, I, II, and III air is injected into the plenum in the radial direction with the injection points at r = -8, 0, and 8 cm respectively, whereas at inlet IV the direction of airflow into the plenum is in the axial direction with the injection point at r = 0. The combustion characteristics were observed in the wood pellet stove with a continuous fuel feeding system. The combustion characteristics investigated in this research consist of flame visualization, flame temperature, combustion rate, and the efficiency of the wood pellet stove. The results showed that wood pellet stoves with inlet IV had a lower combustion rate and flame height, however, this stove indicates a higher flame temperature and stove efficiency. Air entrance through the inlet IV induces most of the airflow to enter the combustion chamber through the primary channel, compared to that through the secondary and tertiary channels. The primary airflow through the wood pellet encourages a better devolatilization and combustion process. These conditions conduce the flame dimension which is a zone where the combustion reaction occurs is smaller with a higher flame temperature, due to higher volumetric heat release rate. This matter results in better heat transfer from the flame to the test fluid and higher stove efficiency.

Optimization of Water Distribution to Support the Balance of Water Usage: A Case Study of the Sempor Irrigation System, Central Java, Indonesia

The existence of irrigation in Indonesia is commonly quite influenced by environmental and social cultural characteristics, which the people have lived by and developed for a long time. Many factors cause changes in the pattern of water availability, which increases competition among stakeholders, as in the Sempor irrigation system area. It has four main dams, which are the Bojong Dam, Watubarut Dam, Rowokawuk Dam, and Sindut Dam; it provides approximately 5900 ha of services and receives supplies from the Great Sempor Dam (38 million m3). Currently there is a decline in the function of this dam due to sedimentation, making operational services less optimal, especially during the dry season. The methodology of this study is to perform water optimization for the balancing of water in the irrigation area. Meanwhile, the implementation of the water supply on the field considers the calculation of water availability, space, and time. In practice, the operation of water supply is held by a group system in the secondary blocks. In certain conditions, the water rotation in tertiary channels was performed by local cultural wisdom.

Rekayasa Sistem Tata Air Lokasi Transmigrasi Palingkau Asri Lahan Usaha Satu SP-2 Di Wilayah Kabupaten Kapuas Propinsi Kalimantan Tengah

Agriculture land in the transmigration location of Palingkau Asri is one of the development locations for tidal land development in Kalimantan. In its development this location has been divided into three settlement areas (SP), one of them is the SP-2. The focus of this research is Lahan Usaha Satu at SP-2. There are already irrigation networks consisting of irrigation channels (a simple drainage system) in the form of primary pilot channels, primary auxiliary channels, and tertiary channels. The main problems of this location include the excess of water that occurs in rainy seasons and a water system that does not function properly. To overcome these problems research was carried out in the following steps. Firstly, primary and secondary data were taken. Secondly, the water system optimization was examined using a mathematical model that was solved by using the HEC-RAS software package. Lastly, the problem of the excess water (floods) was solved by determining a dike height for a period of 25 years and optimizing the water system with water management structures such as watergates. The results indicated that the existing water management system still can handle the excess of water although the tertiary channels were overflowed (channel of T2, T4, T6, T12) especially at T6, where the overflow reached a maximum value of 1.1 m. The simulation with HEC-RAS