Tertiary Care Hospital In Central India Research Articles

Review on Scrub Typhus: An Important Etiology of Acute Undifferentiated Fever Illness.

One of India's predominant public health issues is acute undifferentiated fever illness (AUFI), a typical response to an infectious agent. Diagnosisbecomes challenging when the disease has been reported with fever as the primary symptom. Among thecases presenting at a tertiary care hospitalin central India, 88% had an acute undifferentiated fever, the most common being dengue infection. In India, rural communities are at more risk from AUFI than cities. Most of those in danger are those who reside in remote areas, and one of the most significant risksis for those who reside close toforests. AUFI is a complex condition for physicians to deal with and is one of the most frequent clinical conditions for which empirical treatment is required. Nowadays, AUFI can be managed by a syndromic approach with the judicial use of antibiotics. Symptoms of AUFI, along with myalgia, headache, and anorexia, can be caused by various illnesses. Patients are recommended to undertake a battery of investigations, which may delay the therapy and increase expenses because many diseases may present with the same symptoms. In the developed world, viral illness is the primary cause of AUFI. However, in developing countries like India, it can also be brought on by potentially curable but life-threatening conditions such as malaria, leptospirosis, hantavirus infection, and Japanese encephalitis. Lack of knowledge of the locally prevalent illnesses, which might be the causeof AUFI, and lack of preliminary screening and diagnostics at the point of care to identify the etiologies make it difficult to control these generally curable causes of the burden of AUFI, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. A deeper understanding of AUFI is required to develop better diagnostics and cures for various etiologies, especially scrub typhus.

Premarital screening of college students for carrier detection in thalassemia and sickle cell disease: need of the hour

Background: Hemoglobinopathies are a group of inherited conditions characterized by quantitative and qualitative abnormalities in the synthesis of hemoglobin. In India, the most prevalent hemoglobinopathies are thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. To reduce the burden of highly prevalent monogenic disorders, it is essential that disease progression be halted at the carrier stage. This can be done by carrier detection and genetic counseling in young individuals. In Central India, where prevalence of thalassemia and sickle cell anemia is high, premarital screening is being implemented for the first time in medical students for identification of asymptomatic carriers of these hemoglobinopathies and possible prevention of future high-risk marriages by genetic counseling. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the prevalence of asymptomatic carriers of sickle cell disease and thalassemia in first-year MBBS students; and (2) know the frequency of hemoglobinopathy carriers in different ethnic groups of this study group. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at a Regional Hemoglobinopathy Detection and Management Centre of a tertiary-care hospital in central India in newly admitted medical students and was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Venous blood samples were analyzed for blood counts and solubility test positivity. Electrophoresis for pattern analysis and high-performance liquid chromatography for confirmation of diagnosis were used on each student. Results were analyzed with the help of statistical analysis. Results: Overall prevalence of hemoglobinopathies was 10%. Beta-Thalassemia trait was the most prevalent hemoglobinopathy followed by sickle cell trait. Presence of hemoglobinopathies was seen in varied ethnic groups. Conclusion: Importance of screening in young asymptomatic individuals is highlighted.

Sociodemographic profile of people living with HIV/AIDS attending ART center in a tertiary-care hospital in central India

Sociodemographic profile of people living with HIV/AIDS attending ART center in a tertiary-care hospital in central India

Disseminated disease caused by Mycobacterium simiae in AIDS patients: a report of three cases

Disseminated disease caused by Mycobacterium simiae, a slowly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium, has been rarely reported in the literature. We report on three AIDS patients who were found to suffer from mycobacteraemia caused by M. simiae in a rural tertiary-care hospital in central India.