Territorial Management System Research Articles

Approaches to the Effectiveness Assessment of Territorial Development from the Perspective of ESG-Principles

Municipal territorial management is a classic mechanism of territorial administration, which involves the nomenclature operation of existing engineering and social infrastructure facilities located in a certain area of the municipality. Such a mechanism for managing territories is characterized by relatively low economic returns, due to the limited resources of the administrative apparatus of the municipality and the complexity of the proprietary property structure of the administered territories. These factors together form a situation where municipal authorities provide the process of managing territories with standard measures to maintain urban infrastructure in a functional state, with the priority of stabilizing the socio-economic situation in the territory of the municipality. To optimize the territorial management system at the present stage of development of management mechanisms of territorial administration, comprehensive systems for assessing the development of municipalities are used, a striking example is the urban environment quality index. However, this indicator can also be used to assess the predisposition of municipal territories for the implementation of development projects based on taking into account energy stability, the natural environment and the market situation within a particular city. The article describes a conceptual model for supplementing and improving the existing system for assessing the urban environment in the form of the urban environment quality index, developed by the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the proposed mechanism for modernizing the system is to determine indicators of the stability and potential of the energy system of the municipalities under consideration, as well as their integration into the system for assessing the quality index of the urban environment from the perspective of development design, as well as assessing the development potential of the territory based on ESG-principles.

Особенности системы территориального управления Российской Федерации: национальные проекты и локальные инструменты

The article analyses national projects as a key element of the Russian territorial administration system and reviews management tools of regional and municipal executive authorities. The object of research is a system of territorial management. The subject is the peculiarities of the program and municipal methods application in a territorial management system. The goal is to determine the nature of the territorial administration system transformations and the role of municipal instruments in it. The authors use methods of systematic historical and institutional analysis. After systemic transformations, national projects are adapting to new economic and political conditions. Municipal instruments are relevant measures that have not yet been applied at the federal level, or have been applied to a limited extent. Regional or municipal authorities independently develop measures to improve management processes, which can later be applied at the federal level. Often such initiatives are designed to promote government transparency, establish communication channels between the state and society, optimize the interdepartmental interaction, improve the state institutions' tools of information and data management, etc. The key disadvantage is differences in the results due to lack of a unified approach to their application.

Standardization in the formation of sustainable regional development

Aim. The presented study aims to analyze the existing system of regulation of economic relations between regional subjects in the context of the issues of global resource conservation and to develop proposals for the formation of a regional standardization system. Tasks. The authors analyze current regulations in the Republic of Tatarstan and the Republic's experience of creating and implementing regional standards in the field of resource conservation; formulate proposals for the formation of a regional standardization system based on territorial standardization bodies focusing on collecting and generalizing the region's best practices in the field of resource conservation and adaptation of third-party standardization documents to the specifics of the Republic of Tatarstan.Methods. This study is based on the paradigm of sustainable regional development. This paradigm encapsulates an integrated approach to the formation of a territorial management system, the principles of continuous improvement and minimization of the variability of management processes through standardization.Results. Based on the performed analysis of the regulatory and legal framework of regional management processes, an algorithm for the development of a regional standardization system is proposed, aimed at the formation of approaches and tools for sustainable territorial development. The goals and objectives of an authorized regional standardization body are formulated.Conclusions. The sectoral and target subsystems of the "Lean Region" spatial model determine the vector of regional standardization. Considering the specifics of economic development in the Republic of Tatarstan, major directions of regional standardization are identified: petrochemical, machine-building, and agricultural industries, elements of industrial and social infrastructure.

УПРАВЛІННЯ РОЗВИТКОМ ТУРИСТИЧНО-РЕКРЕАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ НА РІВНІ ДЕСТИНАЦІЇ

Today, despite martial law and the crisis conditions that Ukraine's economy is facing, the tourism business is gradually recovering. In this regard, the country's leadership pays special attention to the formation of separate economic zones of tourist and recreational type and the creation of tourist clusters and destinations. Considering the aforesaid, it is important to provide a scientific justification for the specifics of the implementation of the territorial management system aimed at the development of tourism and regional tourism business. The article considers issues concerning the practice of implementing the methodology for managing the development of tourism and recreational activities at the destination level. The concepts of «tourist and recreational regionalisation» and «tourist and recreational zonation» are studied. In order to study the issue of territorial development and control of regional management processes in the sphere of tourism and recreation, the specific features of regional management processes are investigated on the basis of the methodology of regionalisation and zonation of territory. The article analyses approaches to zonation and regionalisation of tourist and recreational areas. It is specified that the types of tourist and recreational regionalisation and zonation depend on established goals, objectives, and indicators that are determined on the basis of the resource, physical and geographical approaches and socio-economic approaches. The key aspects of implementation of the methodology of regionalisation and zonation of tourist and recreational territories are identified. The approaches to zonation and regionalisation of tourist and recreational areas that have been considered, demonstrate a wide range of tasks that require further investigation and the search for effective solutions. With the purpose of studying the issue of territorial development and control of regional management processes in the sphere of tourism, the specific features of regional management processes have been investigated on the basis of the methodology of regionalisation and zonation of territory. On the basis of the methodology of regionalisation and zonation of the territory, a map of zonation of Cherkasy region by tourist and recreational microdistricts and a schematic map of tourist and recreational microdistricts of the region on the basis of homogeneity and coherence are built.

A Review of Modern International Law on the Expansion of Colonies

The study begins with questions about Japan s colonization of the Korean Peninsula under international law. Currently, the international community is actively debating the establishment of comfort facilities for Asian women, including the peoples of the Korean Peninsula, who were colonized by Japan during the Sino-Japanese War, and were put into forced labor following the national recruitment order. In South Korea, the research focuses on the treaties signed between Japan and South Korea from the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War in 1914 through 1910, as well as comfort women, and forced labor. However, Japan continues to argue that while its annexation of Korea was unjustified, it was not a violation of international law due to the absence of multilateral treaties on colonial expansion and few judicial bodies or international conferences. In order to elucidate the Japanese annexation of the Korean Peninsula, which is closely linked to Korea s identity, international law research on colonial expansion in the 19th and early 20 centuries is needed. Furthermore, given the fact that international law evolved in the process of the expansion of European colonies, such research is crucial for the correct understanding of contemporary international law. This study analyzes the “European International Law” of colonial expansion by examining 19th and early 20th-century bilateral treaties, state practice, and the views of international jurists. The definition of colonies as defined in international law at the time is explored, and the concept of territorial acquisition and trust to colonial peoples of European countries are also discussed. Additionally, it reviews a non-annexation declaration agreed upon at the Paris Peace Conference. In addition, it examines the human rights norms applied to the mandate system, a territorial management system operated by the League of Nations. Furthermore, this study applies the international law on colonial expansion discussed in Chapter 2 to cases involving Japanese colonial expansion. Japan began colonial expansion at the end of the 19th century when it joined the “Family of Nations”, comprising “European Christian countries.” The international community criticized Japan s ambition to expand its colonies against European international law for its colonization of the Korean peninsula, the Manchurian Incident, the Sino-Japanese War, and the mandate of the South Sea Islands.

Municipality as the basis of the territorial management system in conditions of digitalization

Municipality as the basis of the territorial management system in conditions of digitalization

РОЛЬ ГОСПЛАНОВ СССР И РСФСР В ПЕРВЫЕ МЕСЯЦЫ СОВНАРХОЗНОЙ РЕФОРМЫ

The author examines the role of the Gosplans (State Planning Committees) of the USSR and the RSFSR in the first six months of the implementation of the Sovnarkhoz (Supreme Economic Council) reform. He analyzes the personnel appointments of N. S. Khrushchev in the planning departments, and also reveals the impact of the defeat of the «anti-party group» on the start of the reform. The author’s attention is focused on the attempts of the State Planning Committees of the USSR and the RSFSR to take the initiative in managing the Sovnarkhoz at the initial stage of the reform. He argues that the Gosplan of the RSFSR was quickly pushed away from this work. An analysis of changes in the regulatory framework of the reform, as well as the additional functions assigned to the USSR State Planning Committee, and the results of two meetings at the center with representatives of the Sovnarkhoz in July and December 1957 helps to trace the direction of the beginning of the evolution of the territorial management system.

Organization of economic activity of the Mari, Mordovia and Chuvash economic councils in the first year of their existence: successes and failures

In the article, the author investigates the insufficiently studied topic of transformation of the organization of economic activity of the economic councils of individual territories at the suggestion of N.S. Khrushchev at the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1957 using comparative historical, quantitative methods, analysis and synthesis. As a result, on the basis of the adopted Law On the further improvement of the management of industry and construction, a territorial management system was created, suggesting that the management of industry and construction should be implemented on a territorial basis on the basis of economic administrative regions. Initially, 70 economic administrative regions were formed, including Chuvash, Mari and Mordovia, in each of which a Council of National Economy was created. The economic councils were state bodies for the management of enterprises, construction projects and organizations of the Union-republican industry located on the territory of the economic administrative region. The article defines the first results of the activity of the Union of National Economy of the Mari, Mordovian and Chuvash ASSR in 1957; the personnel situation, which has become one of the main problems in the development of economic councils, is presented; disclosed the main planned performance indicators of the SNKh, which, on the whole, received a satisfactory assessment. However, despite the positive growth of the main economic indicators, serious difficulties and miscalculations were observed in the work of the economic councils, which were indicated, among other things, by the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR. On the basis of documents from the State Archives of the Russian Federation, regional archives and research literature, the author of the article highlighted the main successes and failures in the activities of the SNKh of the republics of the Middle Volga region. The author concluded that for the national regions, the period of activity of the economic councils was a breakthrough in the national economic complex. The Mari, Mordovian and Chuvash economic councils have done significant work to develop the industry in the peripheral regions of the country, significantly enlarging the existing ones and building new powerful and promising enterprises.

LOCAL GOVERNANCE AND TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT ON THE BASIS OF GIS

The paper is contributing to the development concept through highlighting the issue of implementing a brand-new territorial management system based on GIS technology into the regional public governance of developing country (on the example of Zhytomyr oblast of Ukraine as a leader of decentralization processes in the state according the official statistics of forming the amalgamated communities). Three basic methods were used: monographic method — to identify the peculiarities of the GIS activities of regional government entities; comparative studies and benchmarking — to compare GIS managing models performed in the world and find the best relevant practices; project management analysis — to prepare solution for creating pilot model as a full turnkey intellectual product (ready for dissemination project application which include logical-structural matrix of project goals and results, stakeholders analysis, timing for activities, indicators for evaluation, budget etc). Project application is completed with an evaluation of the Zhytomyr regional geoportal, implemented on its basement. In particular, there have been analyzed geoportal functions, their impact from economic and social benefits point, existing problems related to the project implementation process, benefits and prospects for future activities. It is proved that performed model will allow to create more effective than already existing mechanism of public administration at the region; to develop algorithms for interaction between public authorities and communities, to enhance the process of decentralization and territorial development.

MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS OF THE EMERGENT METROPOLITAN AREAS IN A TRANSITION COUNTRY. ROMANIA, AS CASE STUDY

Complex processes, specific to the countries in transition, have had major impacts on restructuring the territorial management systems. The removal of restrictions of limiting urban expansion, imposed by the totalitarian regime, has allowed the rapid expansion of cities, beyond administrative boundaries, since 1989. The concept of emerging metropolitan area is explained by the multitude of problems posed by the sketching of these areas and especially by their functioning. Synthesizing, there are presented some managerial experiences considered inchoate, of some emerging Romanian metropolitan areas, with an emphasis on Bucharest’s metropolitan area. The conclusions of these descriptive analysis show the complexity of the problems that can occur during the process of building of the metropolitan areas under the circumstances of lack of an inter-municipal cooperation culture. Integrated management takes into account two realities: firstly, that the management of emerging metropolitan areas is trans-scalar, achieving the partial mergence of the management types (including the collegiate one), and secondly, that insuring a multi-level governance without implementing a polycentric intra-metropolitan development policy, is not sufficient.

IMPERATIVES OF STRATEGIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF TERRITORIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF ASYMMETRIC DEVELOPMENT

Introduction. The defined strategic vector of Ukraine in the direction of forming partnership with the European communities requires from the regions the increased attention concerning a substantiation of financial policy through effective management. In the system of effective management, it is important for the financial authority to assess the capacity of the territory, outline the components to the ability to form a revenue base, take into account changes in budget and tax policies and strengthen the motivational component for development and development. Goal. Therefore, special attention needs to be paid to the development of a strategic model of financial management, which will move towards sustainable development, while systematically forming a resource, acting and responding through an efficiency multiplier. Method (methodology). Methods of theoretical generalization, grouping and systematization, logical generalization, graphic, modelling were used in the scientific search of the problem, which allowed to identify the problem and substantiate the results of the research in the system. Results. The strategic principles of financial management of territories in the conditions of budget decentralization are defined, which consist in definition of components of level of efficiency of financial management, construction of algorithm of collaboration in territorial management system and development of system strategy of financial management. Conclusions. A system strategy of financial management in the conditions of decentralization has been formed, which envisages outlining the structural guidelines of budget efficiency, determining the priority tasks of management for the respective region, taking into account its socio-economic specifics. It is substantiated that the strategy works through the components of the level of efficiency of financial management, principles and imperatives of continuous development, which ultimately provides a synergistic effect. It is determined that the symmetry of collaboration, parity, coherence and optimization provide a multiplier of budget efficiency.

Децентралізація: упровадження нової системи адміністративно-територіального устрою

The decentralization reform that is currently taking place in Ukraine has set the stage for radical institutional changes, for improving the quality of life of citizens and for the continuation of sectoral reforms. Changes in the territorial management system, decentralization in the fields of medicine, education, service delivery are showing considerable pace and, most importantly, real positive developments. The article analyzes the state of implementation of the new system of administrative and territorial system in Ukraine. The five leading regions in implementing the tasks of decentralization remain unchanged, namely: Zhytomyr, Chernihiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporozhye, Khmelnitsky regions. But the overall picture of the process of forming an UTC has negative signs: the area of all UTC is 41% of the total area of Ukraine. The population of UTC is 29.1% of the total population of Ukraine. As of September 2019, only 20 districts out of the 488 available are fully covered by UTC. There are 86 districts where no UTC s have been created, 37% of all UTCs have a population of less than 5,000. Man. In 30% of the oblasts, small communities account for about 50% of their total. Among the main problems in completing the first stage of reforming local government and territorial organization of government and the risks associated with them are the exacerbation of inherited territorial disparities, the problems of institutional excellence of decentralized units receiving delegated powers. The article substantiates the recommendations for the introduction of a new system of administrative and territorial structure in Ukraine at the state and regional level.

Multiparameter models in the management of the development of territories, taking into account the influence of hydrometeorological factors

The article considers the geoinformation management of the territory as a way to manage the organizational and technical systems and territories distributed in space. The article describes the main factors for the development and implementation of management decisions, requirements for the territorial management system and the structure of knowledge and data. Mathematical one-parameter and multiparameter models of risk assessment of management decisions applied to the natural and climatic potential of the development of the territory were considered.

An object-oriented information model for territorial system management

This article examines an object-oriented geospatial information model for territorial system management, its benefits compared to current automated territorial management systems, and special aspects of its development and implementation in multi-level geoinformation systems. The presented study reflects the major functions of geoinformation materials used in spatial planning, particularly in Earth remote sensing. A territorial information management model is developed from the perspective of the object-oriented geoinformation approach. The study identifies the major functions of the proposed management system and demonstrates what kinds of problems can be solved using this system, develops a spatial algorithmic model for managerial decision-making and a methodology for analyzing local territorial system characteristics; and introduces basic information arrays that can be used to solve practical territorial management problems at various levels.

Chinese-style Environmental Federalism:A Study on the Effect of Environmental Decentralization on Carbon Emissions

The Chinese-style environmental federalism, embedded in the system of the Chinese-style decentralization, is the useful supplement and improvement for the classic environmental federalism theory. For the sake of answering the debate of centralization and decentralization of environmental protection, this paper focuses on carbon emission reduction affair and empirically tests the effect of environmental decentralization on carbon emissions by employing static, dynamic and dynamic spatial panel data models based on a consideration of potential endogeneity of decentralization indicators. Empirical results show that environmental decentralization has significantly positive effect on carbon emissions, suggesting that China's current environmental decentralization system is not conducive to carbon emission governance. Therefore, the conclusion provides evidence for the vertical management of the environmental protection system. Furthermore, it elaborates the internal logic of carbon emission reduction dilemma under the environmental decentralization system in the following three aspects:the evolution history of China's environmental management system, the inadequacies of incentives for local governments' environmental protection expenditures and the lack of independence of local environmental protection departments. Therefore, in order to construct a long-acting environmental management system for controlling carbon emissions, the Chinese-style environmental federalism needs to intensify its will of centralization so as to optimize the territorial management system and form a vertical management and incentive-compatible system.

ECONOMIC REFORM AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES OF THE AUTHORITIES OF BURYATIA IN THE LATE 1960S – 1970S

The subject of the research is the analysis of economic and structural changes in the country and the autonomous republic in the examined period with the use of the systemic and comparative approaches, as well as institutional research method. When planning the economic reforms, the USSR and the Buryat ASSR bodies of state power and control did an active and purposeful job to implement them and carried out an effective personnel policy. In 1965 – 1966 the territorial management system was abolished in industrial production. Branch management was passed on to newly created ministries, the role of state committees increased. These facts created auspicious conditions for scientific and technical progress development. Moreover, the main purpose of the production was the course on development and inculcation of economic management methods, independence of enterprises, and reduction of administrative regulation of their activity. The results of economic development during the 8th five-year plan were the best for the whole Soviet period. At the same time, macroeconomics still maintained an extensive character. The provided materials interpreted in a modern light can be used for reconsideration of state governing bodies’ formation and evolution.