Territorial Deployment Research Articles

Violent demonstrations in marginal territories and their place in politics: A case study in Lo Hermida, Santiago de Chile

This article aims to investigate violent demonstrations in marginal territories of Santiago de Chile and their political dimension, studying the territorial deployment of structural violence, transgressive protest actions, and subjectivation processes. These three dimensions tell us about the political, social, and territorial intertwining of violent demonstrations, based on Jacques Rancière's framework. We conducted a case study in Lo Hermida, a highly politicized self-constructed neighborhood born in the 1970s that is currently surrounded by transportation infrastructure and upscale urban developments. Using secondary sources, semi-structured interviews, and photo-elicitation with 14 residents of Lo Hermida, we show the way in which structural violence is experienced across the territory, how transgressive protest actions are carried out in violent demonstrations throughout it, and how processes of political subjectivation unfold from this. The conclusions emphasize the incorporation of the political-subjective dimension in the understanding of violence in marginal territories, highlighting its emergent characteristics in space.

What Ethics for an Inclusive Ageing Society?

"Context: the ageing of the population today raises a significant number of questions to stakeholders in the health and social sectors. These questions go far beyond the questions of care to stretch out to a series of ethical problems linked to lifestyle and thus to the management of projects dedicated to the support and social inclusion of the elderly. Purpose: in this context, the way of considering the treatment of the ethical dimensions of these projects requires collaborative and reflexive governance based on the articulation between clinical ethics, organizational ethics but also – increasingly – an ethical approach of social and territorial deployment of these projects with the various stakeholders. Method: this communication will aim to present the results of two research-action studies aimed at the development and the integration of the ethical dimension in collective projects of accompaniment of elderly people within the community. Results: the conclusions do reflect the need for the collaborative and reflexive nature of the governance of the ethical approach, by emphasizing the modalities of the participation of the people concerned and the crucial stake of taking their point of view into account. of view for a relevant approach to ethics of ageing. "

Transformación territorial y transporte de mercancías en la Región Metropolitana de Madrid: hacia nuevas estrategias de sostenibilidad

Territorial transformations have a singular space of representation in metropolitan areas in the development of their role as spaces of agglomeration, consumption and proximity. This has repercussions on the territorial deployment of a series of infrastructures where those related to freight transport are of interest because of their function. If in the analysis of the Spanish state framework the strong growth of infrastructures is observed that is even greater than the increase in the internal mobility of goods, the Metropolitan Region of Madrid shows a differentiated profile, having increased even more the transport of goods than the land take by artificial surfaces, which has been significant. The decline in rail freight transport compared to road transport is noteworthy, which has an impact on CO2 emissions and makes it necessary to plan new sustainability strategies.

The Impact of Candidates’ Profile and Campaign Decisions in Electoral Results: A Data Analytics Approach

In recent years, a wide range of techniques has been developed to predict electoral results and to measure the influence of different factors in these results. In this paper, we analyze the influence of the political profile of candidates (characterized by personal and political features) and their campaign effort (characterized by electoral expenditure and by territorial deployment strategies retrieved from social networks activity) on the electoral results. This analysis is carried out by using three of the most frequent data analyitcs algorithms in the literature. For our analysis, we consider the 2017 Parliamentary elections in Chile, which are the first elections after a major reform of the electoral system, that encompassed a transition from a binomial to a proportional system, a modification of the districts’ structure, an increase in the number of seats, and the requirement of gender parity in the lists of the different coalitions. The obtained results reveal that, regardless of the political coalition, the electoral experience of candidates, in particular in the same seat they are running for (even when the corresponding district is modified), is by large the most influential factor to explain the electoral results. However, the attained results show that the influence of other features, such as campaign expenditures, depends on the political coalition. Additionally, by means of a simulation procedure, we show how different levels of territorial deployment efforts might impact on the results of candidates. This procedure could be used by parties and coalitions when planning their campaign strategies.

Troops of the Vilna and Warsaw military districts of the Russian Empire in Belarus (1864–1914)

The article reflects the processes of concentration and territorial deployment of troops of the Russian Empire in Belarus during the existence of the Vilna and Warsaw military districts after the end of the uprising of 1863–1864. The analysis of the reasons for the concentration of formations and units of the Russian army in the region, taking into account the current military-political situation in Europe and socio-political processes that took place within the Belarusian provinces themselves, allowed the author to determine the goals and tasks of the troops that were solved by the latter in Belarus from the middle 1860s to the beginning of the World War I. This research is based on a wide range of sources that were first introduced into scientific circulation, identified by the author in the archives and book repositories of Russia and Belarus. The author identifies the causes and preconditions of creation of system of territorial administration of the armed forces of the Russian Empire in Belarus. The process of creating organizational structures of the Vilna military district and the composition of the military contingent stationed in Belarus and the locations of individual parts and units of the Russian army within the borders of Belarusian provinces are discovered. The author identifies the causes of changes in the composition and the scheme of territorial deployment of troops during the period of military districts.On the basis of a comparison of the results obtained in the study of the above aspects of the subject, the author tried to give an overall assessment of the role and place of Belarusian lands in the system of ensuring military-strategic interests of the Russian Empire, as well as the role of the army in political life of Belarus in the second half of the 1860s until the outbreak of the World War I.

Atlas de la minería metálica en México

La minería es una actividad cada vez más importante de analizar, tanto por sus impactos ambientales como sociales. Sin embargo, la información sobre el despliegue territorial de esta actividad no es de dominio público. En respuesta a este pro- blema, en el trabajo presentamos la cartografía completa sobre minería metálica en México. Gracias al uso de Sistemas de Información Geográfica se logró la realiza- ción de un Atlas, en el cual se muestra el despliegue espacial de esta actividad a lo largo del territorio nacional. Presentamos principalmente la relación de proyectos y concesiones mineras con zonas importantes para el recurso hídrico, bajo alguna categoría de protección ambiental y territorios indígenas.

The military health service in the process of modernization, bureaucratization and professionalization of the Argentine Army (1888-1938)

At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, a process of modernization, bureaucratization and professionalization of the Argentine Army was initiated. As a result of this process, Army divisions were formed, which are autonomous military organizations composed of units of various weapons, combat support elements and services. Included among the latter was the military health service, which acted both in the operational units of the military districts in order to incorporate citizens into the Compulsory Military Service as well as in military hospitals. This article aims to: 1) characterize this process in relation to the concepts of defense, organization, functions and territorial deployment of the Army; 2) analyze, within that framework, the formation of the military health service between 1888 -when the Organic Law of the Sanitary Corp of the Army and the Navy was sanctioned - and 1938 - when the Army's organic design was changed on the eve of the Second World War.

Evolución y estructura de la Policia de la Generalitat – Mossos d’Esquadra

Documento descriptivo sobre la evolución y estructura actual de la Policia de la Generalitat – Mossos d’Esquadra (PG-ME), cuerpo policial de Catalunya, España. Ha sido elaborado desde una perspectiva institucional, basado en fuentes documentales oficiales e investigaciones históricas. Se realiza un breve recorrido por los orígenes de la PG-ME y luego se pone énfasis en su despliegue territorial en el último cuarto del siglo XX, a partir del cual, se convirtió en la principal fuerza policial en Catalunya; se explica la singularidad del modelo policial catalán, su estructura organizativa, funciones y retos actuales. Constituye un documento de referencia para conocer aspectos fundamentales de esta institución policial.

El Instrumento Militar Argentino: reflexiones en torno a su despliegue

El despliegue del instrumento militar argentinopresenta rasgos que no se condicen con la actitudestratégica adoptada con la sanción de la Ley deDefensa Nacional. Si bien en el año 2005 el gobiernoadoptó medidas que dieron inicio a un ciclo deplaneamiento estratégico destinado a modernizarel instrumento militar en función de la realidad nacional,regional e internacional, el despliegue permanececomo un asunto pendiente que exige surevisión, a fin de conciliar fuerzas armadas capacesde cumplir con éxito su misión principal.

The Persian Campaigns of Emperor Heraclius (610–641): on the Status and Rank of Some Military Units of Byzantine Army

The present paper deals with the three points of Byzantine military organi-zation during the reign of Heraclius, more precisely – 1) the role of Moorish tribal detachments in overthrowing of the usurper Phocas in 610 A.D.; 2) the territorial deployment of palace scholae (detachments of imperial guard) to 610 A.D., when Heraclius ascended the throne and 3) the number of military corps (expeditionary armies), which struggled against the Persians. The author turned to inscriptions and the data of narrative sources, having compared these evidence, the author concluded that in October of 610 Heraclius came to Constantinople together with the big amount of Moorish units, which Heraclius brought from Africa, moreover, a certain group of scholares (the soldiers who served in the scholae) located in Constantinople and defended the capital of Empire from incursions of external enemies to 610, these scholares were a part of city military garrison. Therefore, the author revised an idea that to beginning of the 7th century the scholae were the show troops onl , which didn’t fight in real military battles. The author demonstrates that originally, in 622, Heraclius commanded over two field armies, and then, to 627, his leadership extended over the third army. The author considers the internal structure and territorial movements of these armies.

Gestión del urbanismo y administración urbana: los pies de barro en el despliegue territorial del neoliberalismo en Chile

Management of urbanism and urban administration. The Mud Feet in the Territorial Deployment of the Neoliberalism in Chile.In Chile, the efficient boarding of the urban problems requires to face a central but left behind subject of the impelled processes of modernization in the frame of the effective neoliberal economic model: inefficiency in the administration and management of the territorial development. Both constitute ballasts that affect the performance of the economic system and the profit of the objectives of the country in quality of life for the people. I articulate looks for to release, to review the state-of-the-art and to propose lines of work towards solutions.

U.S. Hemispheric Security, Intellectual Property, and Biodiversity in the Andes

The negotiation of the Andean free-trade agreement consolidated the implementation phase of intellectual property regulation of biodiversity in Latin America, establishing new forms of control over societies and their strategic resources consistent with a strategy of territorial deployment of U.S. national security policies. Aspects of the agreement such as patents and public health, protection of information, patents for secondary uses, and the extension of patents to a 20-year period have become focal points of controversy in the specialized world of politicians, jurists, and economists.

Identifying New Roles and Responsibilities for the Inspector within a Provincial Constabulary: Results of a Job Analysis

With the advent of structural and organisational changes within the police forces of England and Wales, the role of Inspector has been the subject of critical rethinking. In order to review this police rank within one provincial police force, a job analysis was conducted into the present and desired future role and responsibilities of the uniformed Inspector. Methods used included interviews, task activity analyses, role repertory grids and content analyses of existing job descriptions. Results revealed a lack of clear role definition as presently conceived and differences between senior and more junior officers in their assessments of appropriate levels of functioning for the Inspector. Differences also emerged in views about the deployment of Inspectors as generalists based on territorial deployment or as functional specialists. Some resolution of these differences was attempted and formalised into a proposed new job definition.