Ternary Plasma Photonic Crystals Research Articles

Multichannel filter based on tunable fibonacci quasi-periodic structure for one-dimensional magnetized ternary plasma photonic crystal

In this paper, we propose an one-dimensional magnetized plasma photonic crystal based on the ternary Fibonacci quasi-period structure, and use the transmission matrix method (TMM) to study the terahertz band comb-like multichannel filtering properties, which is different from the periodic structure multichannel properties introduced by the plasma defect or dielectric defect. Second, we give the calculation formula of the transmission matrix of the model, third, we find the numerical relationship between the number of Fibonacci sequences and the number of channels. Higher relative refractive index improves the filter performance of comb-like channels. The effect of the length of each layer on the number of channels and the frequency of adjacent comb-like channels is different from that of traditional periodic multichannel filters. The detuning of magnetic field can increase the number of filtering channels, and different incident angles have different phenomena.

Omnidirectional absorption properties of a terahertz one-dimensional ternary magnetized plasma photonic crystal based on a tunable structure

In this paper, by using the transfer matrix method and introducing the plasma as the dispersion medium, we propose the tunable one-dimensional magnetized ternary plasma photonic crystal structure (APB)N, and study its omnidirectional absorption properties of TM wave in terahertz band, where A and B are two different dielectric layers, P is plasma layer, and studied the regulation of the frequency and peak of the absorption channel by the number of periods, the relative refractive index of the dielectric layer, length, density, collision frequency and magnetic field intensity of the plasma layer to the absorption channel frequency and peak value. Therefore, this paper provides an idea for the design of terahertz absorbers for omnidirectional plasma photonic crystals.

Bandgap-tunable device realized by ternary plasma photonic crystals arrays

We reported a bandgap-tunable device with ternary plasma photonic crystals (PPCs), achieving tunable bandgap for controlling the propagation of free-space electromagnetic waves from 11.5 GHz to 14.5 GHz. The device is designed as a square crystal structure composing ternary PPCs arrays. Both simulation and experimental results indicate that the transmission of the electromagnetic waves can be controlled by changing the plasma frequency, dielectric constant, and structure spacing in the device, realizing the dynamic adjustment of photonic bandgap bandwidth and center frequency. In addition, the plasma frequency was measured, which is consistent with the simulation results. Our strategy can be applied to design a variety of devices, including reconfigurable antennas, plasma lenses, and military-developed stealth equipment.

The reflection and absorption characteristics of one-dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystals irradiated by TE and TM waves

The present study is aimed to investigate the reflection and absorption of electromagnetic waves propagating through one-dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystals (TPPCs) using transfer matrix method. Two different configurations of ternary plasma photonic crystal structures are considered. In the first configuration, unit cells contain plasma1-dielectric-plasma2 layers (P1DP2); while the second configuration is composed unit cells included of dielectric1-plasma-dielectric2 layers (D1PD2). In this structure the plasma is considered cold collisional.The effects of normal and oblique incidence of the monochromatic electromagnetic waves on photonic band gap of the TPPC, will be presented. In addition, the reflectance and absorbance coefficients of electromagnetic wave incident to the TPPC have been calculated. We will show plasma photonic crystal presented in this work, has the great potential to change the optical properties. By varying different parameters, the reflection, absorption and number and width of band gaps change. The results indicate that photonic band gap can be tuned in a desirable frequency range by adjusting the properties of plasma such as collision frequency and plasma frequency and structural characteristics of the TPPC including plasma-filling factor, the number of the cells and also permittivity of dielectric layer.

Multichannel tunable omnidirectional photonic band gaps of 1D ternary photonic crystal containing magnetized cold plasma

By using the transfer matrix method, theoretical investigations have been carried out in the microwave region to study the reflection properties of multichannel tunable omnidirectional photonic bandgaps (OPBGs) based on the magneto-optic Faraday effect. The proposed one dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystal consists of alternate layers of quartz, magnetized cold plasma (MCP), and air. In the absence of an external magnetic field, the proposed structure possesses two OPBGs induced by Bragg scattering and is strongly dependent on the incident angle, the polarization of the incident light, and the lattice constant unlike to the single-negative gap and zero-n¯ gap. Next, the reflection properties of OPBGs have been made tunable by the application of external magnetic field under right hand and left hand polarization configurations. The results of this manuscript may be utilized for the development of a new kind of tunable omnidirectional band stop filter with ability to completely stop single to multiple bands (called channels) of microwave frequencies in the presence of external static magnetic field under left-hand polarization and right-hand polarization configurations, respectively. Moreover, outcomes of this study open a promising way to design tunable magneto-optical devices, omnidirectional total reflectors, and planar waveguides of high Q microcavities as a result of evanescent fields in the MCP layer to allow propagation of light.

Multichannel tunable filter properties of 1D magnetized ternary plasma photonic crystal in the presence of evanescent wave

The multichannel tunable filter properties of one-dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystal composed of magnetized plasma and lossless dielectric have been theoretically investigated using transfer matrix method in the microwave region. The proposed filters possess 2N − 2 comb-like sharp resonant peaks also called transmission channels for N > 1 in transmission spectra in the absence and presence of an external magnetic field. Due to the coupling between evanescent waves and propagating modes in plasma and dielectric layers, respectively, 2N − 2 transmission channels are found without the addition of any defect, enabling the structure to work as a multichannel filter. Next, the filter properties can be made tunable by the application of an external magnetic field, i.e., channel frequency can either be red or blue shifted depending upon the orientation of an external magnetic field. The number of channels and their positions can also be modulated by changing the number of periods (N) and the incident angle (θo), respectively, for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes besides other parameters such as plasma collision frequency, thickness of the plasma layer, plasma frequency, etc.

Properties of low frequency TE-electromagnetic wave in ternary plasma photonic crystal

Properties of low frequency TE-electromagnetic wave in ternary plasma photonic crystal

The theoretical analysis of omnidirectional photonic band gaps in the one-dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystals based on Pell quasi-periodic structure

In this study, an omnidirectional photonic band gap (OPBG) in one-dimensional (1D) plasma photonic crystals (plasma-PCs) with Pell quasi-periodic structures, which are consisting of plasma and two isotropic dielectrics is theoretically calculated by the transfer matrix method. Compared to the Bragg gaps, the OPBG is not dependent on the angle of incidence and both transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes. The bandwidth and frequency region of the OPBG is not sensitive to Pell sequence order, but the bandwidth of the OPBG can be significantly enhanced, as the density and length of plasma layer are increased. The calculated results demonstrate that the 1D plasma-PCs with Pell quasi-periodic not only can obtain a larger bandwidth of OPBG but also have a shorter length in realizing devices, compared to the 1D Thue-Morse (Th-M) aperiodic or Fibonacci ones. It is clear that such 1D plasma-PCs with Pell quasi-periodic have advantages in realizing compact devices.

Transmission properties of one-dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystals

Omnidirectional photonic band gaps (PBGs) are found in one-dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystals (PPC) composed of single negative metamaterials. The band characteristics and transmission properties are investigated through the transfer matrix method. We show that the proposed structure can trap light in three-dimensional space due to the elimination of Brewster's angle transmission resonance allowing the existence of complete PBG. The results are discussed in terms of incident angle, layer thickness, dielectric constant of the dielectric material, and number of unit cells (N) for TE and TM polarizations. It is seen that PBG characteristics is apparent even in an N ≥ 2 system, which is weakly sensitive to the incident angle and completely insensitive to the polarization. Finite PPC could be used for multichannel transmission filter without introducing any defect in the geometry. We show that the locations of the multichannel transmission peaks are in the allowed band of the infinite structure. The structure can work as a single or multichannel filter by varying the number of unit cells. Binary PPC can also work as a polarization sensitive tunable filter.

Nonreciprocal electromagnetic wave propagation in one-dimensional ternary magnetized plasma photonic crystals

In this paper, we propose a one-dimensional ternary photonic crystal based on magnetized plasma to obtain nonreciprocal propagation. By employing the transfer matrix method, the transmission spectra of the counterpropagating plane waves incident from air upon either end of the periodic structure are calculated. Our results reveal that there is a significant contrast between the transmittance of the waves propagated in opposite directions. This means that the structure shows nonreciprocal effects. It is shown that the bandwidth at which nonreciprocity is observed depends on the external magnetic field. The effects of the incident angle and the number of elementary cells on the nonreciprocal behaviors are studied. We demonstrate that nonreciprocity disappears in very small angles of incidence. The designed structure shows nonreciprocal response even in the case of a small number of layers. It is also demonstrated that nonreciprocal effects become stronger when increasing the plasma density and the wavelength of the incident wave.

Enlarged omnidirectional photonic band gap in one-dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystals based on a new Thue–Morse aperiodic structure

In this paper, an omnidirectional photonic band gap (OBG) realized by one-dimensional ternary non-magnetized plasma dielectric photonic crystals (PPCs) based on a new Thue–Morse aperiodic structure, is studied by the transfer matrix method. From the numerical results, the OBG can be enlarged by manipulating the plasma thickness and density, but ceases to change with increasing Thue–Morse order. However, the plasma collision frequency has no effect on the OBG. It is clear that such new one-dimensional ternary PPCs have a superior feature in the enhancement of OBG compared with the conventional ternary and conventional ternary Thue–Morse aperiodic PPCs.

A broadband omnidirectional absorber based on a hetero-structure composed of a collision plasma and a ternary plasma Bragg mirror

A broadband omnidirectional absorber which is realized by heterostructures containing a collision plasma layer and a ternary plasma Bragg mirror is theoretically investigated. A collision plasma layer and an appropriate dielectric layer are put on the top of the ternary plasma photonic crystals to obtain a broadband omnidirectional absorption. It is shown to absorb roughly 70% of all available electromagnetic wave in a relative omnidirectional absorption band width 0.58 GHz with plasma width 3 mm in PCs. The band edges are impacted by the range of reflection band gap and the absorption range for transverse magnetic (TM) wave decreases at large incidence. Compared with some previous designs, our proposed structure has a relative flatter total absorption spectrum over a broad frequency range in microwave. This kind of hererostructures offer additional opportunities to design novel optoelectronic devices.

A comparative study of the reflectivity of binary and ternary one-dimensional plasma photonic crystals for obliquely incident electromagnetic wave

In present paper the reflectivity of binary and ternary one-dimensional plasma photonic crystals for obliquely incident electromagnetic waves are studied. The reflectivity is derived using transfer matrix method and solving Maxwell’s equations by employing the continuity conditions on the electric fields and its derivatives. Our analysis shows that the perfect reflection bands get enhanced in the ternary 1D-PPCs compared to the binary 1D-PPCs. Also the ternary 1D-PPCs provide an additional degree of freedom to control the perfect reflection bands.

Omnidirectional photonic band gaps enhanced by Fibonacci quasiperiodic one-dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystals

An omnidirectional photonic band gap realized by one-dimensional Fibonacci quasiperiodic structure which is composed of plasma and two kinds of isotropic dielectric is theoretically studied. It has been shown that such an omnidirectional photonic band gap is insensitive to the incident angle and the polarization of electromagnetic wave (EM wave). The frequency range and central frequency of omnidirectional photonic band gap cease to change with increasing Fibonacci order, but vary with the thickness and density of the plasma. The bandwidth of omnidirectional photonic band gap can be notably enlarged. The omnidirectional photonic band gap originates from a Bragg gap in contrast to zero-n˜ gap or single negative (negative permittivity or negative permeability) gap. From the numerical results performed by the transfer matrix method (TMM), it has been proved that Fibonacci quasiperiodic one-dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystals have a superior feature in the enhancement of omnidirectional photonic band gap frequency range compared with the conventional ternary plasma photonic crystals. This omnidirectional photonic band gap has potential applications in filters, microcavities, and fibers, etc.

Enlarged omnidirectional photonic gap in one dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystals that contain metamaterials

Unlike most of the previous work that has been devoted for enlargement of omnidirectional gap (OBG) that originates from Bragg scattering, we address enlargement of zero-effective-phase (zero-?) gap that gives rise in one dimensional photonic crystals (1DPCs) that contain alternating single negative materials. In this article, we propose a new structure by introducing thin unmagnetized plasma layer between the two single negative materials in each period. The new structure is named ternary plasma PCs (TPPCs). The influences of plasma thickness, plasma frequency and collision frequency on the gap width are discussed. Numerical results show that the TPPCs structure has wider OBG gap than that of the binary PCs counterpart. Moreover, the gap width is continually enlarged by tuning the plasma layer parameters. The proposed structure helps improving filters, switches, and other devices in the microwave range.

Omnidirectional photonic band gap enlarged by one-dimensional ternary unmagnetized plasma photonic crystals based on a new Fibonacci quasiperiodic structure

In this paper, an omnidirectional photonic band gap realized by one-dimensional ternary unmagnetized plasma photonic crystals based on a new Fibonacci quasiperiodic structure, which is composed of homogeneous unmagnetized plasma and two kinds of isotropic dielectric, is theoretically studied by the transfer matrix method. It has been shown that such an omnidirectional photonic band gap originates from Bragg gap in contrast to zero-n¯ gap or single negative (negative permittivity or negative permeability) gap, and it is insensitive to the incidence angle and the polarization of electromagnetic wave. From the numerical results, the frequency range and central frequency of omnidirectional photonic band gap can be tuned by the thickness and density of the plasma but cease to change with increasing Fibonacci order. The bandwidth of omnidirectional photonic band gap can be notably enlarged. Moreover, the plasma collision frequency has no effect on the bandwidth of omnidirectional photonic band gap. It is shown that such new structure Fibonacci quasiperiodic one-dimensional ternary plasma photonic crystals have a superior feature in the enhancement of frequency range of omnidirectional photonic band gap compared with the conventional ternary and conventional Fibonacci quasiperiodic ternary plasma photonic crystals.

Enhancement of omnidirectional photonic band gaps in one-dimensional dielectric plasma photonic crystals with a matching layer

In this paper, we demonstrate by theoretical analysis a novel way to enhance the omnidirectional photonic band gap (OBG) in a type of photonic structure made of dielectric and plasma one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystals (1D PCs) by introducing a matching layer. Simulations by the transfer matrix method (TMM) show that such an OBG is insensitive to the incident angle and the polarization of electromagnetic (EM) wave; the frequency range and central frequency of OBG are significantly enlarged by introducing a matching layer in the heterostructure compared to 1D conventional binary dielectric photonic crystals (DPCs). The photonic band gap (PBG) of both polarizations also can be obviously enlarged as the incident angle is relatively small. The OBG originates from a Bragg gap in contrast to zero-ñ gap or single negative (negative permittivity or negative permeability) gap. From the numerical results, it has been shown that introducing a matching layer in such a heterostructure has a superior feature in the enhancement relative bandwidth of OBG compared with the conventional ternary plasma photonic crystals (PPCs); the frequency range of OBG can be notably enlarged by increasing the thickness and density of plasma layer.

Photonic Band Gaps of One-Dimensional Ternary Plasma Photonic Crystals with Periodic and Periodic-Varying Structures

Photonic band gaps (PBGs) of one-dimensional (1D) ternary plasma photonic crystal (PPC) with periodic and periodic-varying structures are studied based on transfer matrix method. For 1D ternary PPC, PBG can be enlarged compared with 1D binary PPC, and the influences of plasma frequency, collision frequency and incident angle on PBG are also discussed, respectively. For 1D periodic-varying structure, both the gap width and location can be controlled by thickness varying of layers with arithmetic and sinusoidal sequences.

A comparative study of dispersion relation of EM waves in ternary one-dimensional plasma photonic crystals having two different structures

In this paper, a rigorous theoretical analysis has been made to study the dispersion relation of EM waves in periodic ternary one-dimensional photonic crystal having two different structures. In one case we have chosen glass–plasma and ZnS in one unit cell and in other case we have considered glass–plasma and M gF 2 in one unit cell. Using Kronig–Penney model the dispersion relation for proposed structures has been obtained and numerical results are presented in the form of dispersion curves. The dependence of photonic band gap (PBG) characteristics on plasma frequency, plasma width and the width of dielectric media are discussed in the light of frequency gap and cutoffs of binary one-dimensional plasma photonic crystal. An attempt has been made to show how the PBG characteristic of a particular structure changes when the dielectric materials of its unit cell is changed by the other dielectric material. It is found that the structure having glass–plasma–ZnS in unit cell is more useful for broad band filtering and other plasma functioning devices compared to the structure having glass–plasma–MgF 2 in one unit cell.

Modal propagation characteristics of EM waves in ternary one-dimensional plasma photonic crystals

We have theoretically studied the modal dispersion characteristics, group velocity, and effective group as well as phase index of refraction of ternary one-dimensional (1D) plasma photonic band gap (PBG) structure having periodic multilayers of three different materials in one unit cell. The dispersion characteristics related for such structure is derived by solving Maxwell wave equation based on principle of Kronig–Penny model. From the computed results we observe that the dispersion characteristics of such structure also show the frequency gap and cutoffs as found in (binary) one-dimensional plasma photonic crystal. The frequency gap is shown to become larger with the increase of plasma frequency as well as plasma width. It is seen that such structure provide additional degree of freedom to control dispersion characteristic, group velocity and effective index of refraction compared to conventional one-dimensional plasma photonic crystal.