Ternary Composite Material Research Articles

Enhanced SiC/NFG/Ni ternary composite microwave absorbing materials with micro-network structures produced by selective laser sintering

In this paper, a ternary composite wave-absorbing material consisting of silicon carbide (SiC), natural flake graphite (NFG) and nickel (Ni) has been successfully fabricated through a combined process of selective laser sintering (SLS) and vacuum pressure impregnation. The study investigated how the content of SiC powder affected the absorption capacity and mechanical performances of the composites. The findings indicate that as the proportion of SiC powder rises, the porosity of the composites diminishes, while the bending strength increases. As the content of SiC is 40 wt%, the porosity is 52.14 % and the flexure strength is 9.58 MPa, approximately five times greater than that of graphite-type ceramic preforms. The composite’s electromagnetic wave-absorbing capability initially improves and then declines with the increase of SiC content. When the SiC content is 10 wt% and the thickness is 1.5 mm, the composite absorbing material exhibits optimal electromagnetic absorption performance, with a minimum reflection loss (RLmin)of −44.04 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 5.42 GHz (8.24–13.66 GHz). The composite material, characterized by its lightweight, high strength, and broad frequency range, shows promise for applications in microwave absorption technology.

A novel persulfate activation strategy by double Z-scheme Bi2O3/CuBi2O4/BiOBr heterojunction: Non-radical dominated pathway for levofloxacin degradation

Persulfate advanced oxidation technology (PS-AOPs) is known as a novel wastewater treatment method. Considering the poor self-stability of Bi2O3/CuBi2O4, we synthesized Bi2O3/CuBi2O4/BiOBr ternary composite material and established the non-radical pathway-dominated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation system. The study indicated that BiOBr promoted electron migration on the material surface. Bi2O3/CuBi2O4/BiOBr/Vis/PMS system exhibited excellent catalytic performance (86.83 % within 100 min), significantly higher than Bi2O3/CuBi2O4 (63.19 %) and BiOBr (60.35 %). Furthermore, it has strong catalytic activity and adaptability to various environmental conditions. By quenching experiments and EPR analysis, O2−∙ and 1O2 were the main active species. Finally, possible degradation pathways and intermediates were predicted through liquid mass spectrometer (LC-MS), and toxicity analysis was conducted on levofloxacin (Lev) and intermediates. The degradation mechanism may be attributed to the construction of double Z-scheme heterojunction, photogenerated electron transfer and ROS generation through the redox cycle of Cu2+/Cu+ and Bi5+/Bi3+.

Fabrication of V2O3-TiO2-rGO ternary heterojunction composite to enhance the hydrogen storage performance of MgH2

The application prospects of MgH2 as a potential solid hydrogen storage material are limited by its stable thermodynamic properties and slow hydrogenation/dehydrogenation kinetics. In this study, a ternary heterogeneous composite material V2O3-TiO2-rGO (V-T-rGO) was synthesized using the ultrasonic hydrothermal method and doped into MgH2 through ball milling to improve its hydrogen storage performance. The experimental results demonstrated that the MgH2 + V-T-rGO samples exhibit superior hydrogen storage properties compared with single-doped V2O3, TiO2, rGO or V-T materials. Specifically, it can uptake hydrogen at room temperature, and adsorbs 5.00 wt% H2 in just 4 min at 150 °C, and releases 5.87 wt% H2 within 6 min at 325 °C, demonstrating a faster reaction rate and successful hydrogen absorption. Additionally, the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation activation energies of MgH2 + V-T-rGO samples are measured at 27.1/72.3 kJ·mol−1, representing a reduction of 51.2/59.2 kJ·mol−1 compared to MgH2 alone. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the multiphase composite system produced synergistic catalytic effects, providing abundant active sites and hydrogen diffusion channels to enhance the hydrogen storage performance of MgH2. This study presents an innovative approach for constructing transition metal oxide heterostructured materials and holds significant reference value for applications in the field of hydrogen storage.

Generation of oxygen vacancies in CuO/TiO2 heterojunction induced by diatomite for highly efficient UV–Vis-IR driven photothermal catalytic oxidation of HCHO

Photothermal catalytic oxidation is a promising and sustainable method for the degradation of indoor formaldehyde (HCHO). However, the excessively high surface temperature of existing photothermal catalysts during catalysis hinders the effective adsorption and degradation of formaldehyde under static conditions. Catalyst loading and oxygen vacancies (OVs) modulation are commonly employed strategies to reduce the photothermal catalytic temperature and enhance the efficiency of photothermal catalytic oxidation. In this work, a p-n type CuO/TiO2 heterojunction is successfully loaded onto diatomite using a wet precipitation method. Under the irradiation of a 300W xenon lamp, the prepared composite material achieved a 100% removal rate of HCHO within 2 h, with a 98% conversion rate to CO2, surpassing the performance of both individual photocatalysts and thermocatalysts. Additionally, by adjusting conditions such as light irradiation and temperature, we have demonstrated that this material exhibits synergistic photothermal catalytic properties. Based on HRTEM, XPS, Raman, and EPR analyses, the introduction of diatomite as a catalyst support was shown to effectively increase the number of OVs. Experimental results, along with O2-TPD, photoelectrochemical characterization, and radical detection, demonstrate that the presence of OVs enhances the oxidative efficiency of both photocatalysis and thermocatalysis, as well as the UV–Vis-IR photothermal catalytic performance. The ternary composite material generates weak hydroxyl (•OH) and superoxide (•O2−) radical under high-temperature with dark conditions, indicating its catalytic oxidation activity under this condition. The increase in temperature and the expansion of the spectral range both enhance the generation of these radicals. In summary, this work demonstrates that the use of diatomite as a support increases the material's specific surface area and OVs content, thereby enhancing adsorption and photothermal catalysis. It elucidates the enhanced catalytic degradation mechanism of this mineral-based photothermal catalyst.

Enhanced electrochemical performances of ternary polypyrrole/MXene/Gum arabic composites as supercapacitors electrode materials

The development of supercapacitor electrodes for high energy storage applications requires the use of ternary composites made of PPy, Mxene, Gum Arabic (PPy/Mxene/GA) these materials are special because they have new characteristics like cyclic stability, and high specific capacitance. The pure PPy, PPy/Mxene and PPy/Mxene/Gum Arabic show the shifting and appearance of new peaks in UV-Visible spectra, which are further supported by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The appearance of new peaks in X-ray diffraction (XRD) of PPy confirms presence of Mxene and Gum Arabic, which is in agreement with the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The electrochemical techniques such as Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic Charge Discharge (GCD) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) show that the (PPy/Mxene/GA) ternary composite maintains 94 % of the specific capacitance retention after 2000 cycles and; reaches a maximum specific capacitance of 657.64 F/g at 1 A/g. As compared to Pure PPy and PPy/Mxene composite the PPy/Mxene/GA composite show small intrinsic resistance Rs and charge transfer Rct values 0.11Ω and 6.15Ω respectively. The outstanding electrochemical properties of PPy/Mxene/GA composite are ascribed to the blending of three different type compounds PPy, Mxene and GA and theirs mutual beneficial effects. These findings show that ternary composite material holds great promise for use in these condition involving portable electronic storage devices.

Efficacy of mesoporous TiO2–ZrO2@g-C3N4 produced using a simple ultrasonic approach for copper ion removal from wastewater

The present study describes ultrasonically produced ternary composite material composed of carbon nitride nanosheets, zirconium, and titanium oxides for elimination of copper ions. The formation of monoclinic ZrO2, anatase TiO2, and g-C3N4 phases with respective crystallite sizes 6, 11, 13 nm were verified by the X-ray diffraction technique. The dispersion of the metal oxides nanoparticles with the graphitic nanosheets, the elemental composition of Zr, Ti, O, C and N, and the characteristic functional groups were verified respectively by TEM, EDX, and FTIR analysis that confirmed the successful formation and composition of the nanocomposite TiO2–ZrO2@g-C3N4 (TZCN). The good porosity of the composite that show a surface area, pore volume, and pore diameter values of 47.42 m2/g, 0.056 cm3 g−1, and 20.3 Å that nominate it for adsorption application. The adsorption capabilities of the nanocomposite were studied for copper ion removal from an aqueous solution, as well as the impacts of pH and starting Cu2+ concentration. The results show that the adsorption process is pH and starting concentration-dependent, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 447.8 mg/g. The Cu2+ adsorption is a monolayer chemisorption process that is well described by the Langmuir adsorption model and follows pseudo-second-order kinetics. Moreover, a plausible mechanism for Cu2+ ion adsorption on the surface of TZCN nanocomposite particles is proposed.

Influence of Polypyrrole on Phosphorus- and TiO2-Based Anode Nanomaterials for Li-Ion Batteries.

Phosphorus (P) and TiO2 have been extensively studied as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high specific capacities. However, P is limited by low electrical conductivity and significant volume changes during charge and discharge cycles, while TiO2 is hindered by low electrical conductivity and slow Li-ion diffusion. To address these issues, we synthesized organic-inorganic hybrid anode materials of P-polypyrrole (PPy) and TiO2-PPy, through in situ polymerization of pyrrole monomer in the presence of the nanoscale inorganic materials. These hybrid anode materials showed higher cycling stability and capacity compared to pure P and TiO2. The enhancements are attributed to the electrical conductivity and flexibility of PPy polymers, which improve the conductivity of the anode materials and effectively buffer volume changes to sustain structural integrity during the charge and discharge processes. Additionally, PPy can undergo polymerization to form multi-component composites for anode materials. In this study, we successfully synthesized a ternary composite anode material, P-TiO2-PPy, achieving a capacity of up to 1763 mAh/g over 1000 cycles.

Advanced thermal energy storage made of a ternary CPCM with two phase change temperatures in building walls

This paper introduces a ternary composite phase change material (CPCM) comprising three phase change materials, with a eutectic mixture as the low phase change temperature (PCT) component. The thermal performance and stability of the CPCM are rigorously evaluated through simulations and experiments including step cooling curves, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal cycling, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The ternary CPCM CA/C18-TD (2.0:8.0) exhibits superior latent heat storage—224.53 J/g compared to 143.83 J/g for the binary CA-TD (3.0:7.0)—and maintains stability without supercooling after 300 thermal cycles. It also proves cost-effective compared to its components. In building applications, walls integrated with the CPCM CA/C18-TD (2.0:8.0) exhibited significantly enhanced thermal regulation properties, including longer thermal delay times and reduced attenuation factors across both winter and summer conditions. Specifically, the CPCM wall reduced temperature fluctuations by up to 31.91 % in comparison to ordinary wall and 21.63 % against single PCM wall in winter, 54.51 % and 44.22 % lower than the ordinary and single PCM walls respectively in summer. These walls also showed a remarkable reduction in heat flow density by up to 17.49 W/m2 and 5.41 W/m2 compared to ordinary wall under summer and winter conditions, respectively. This means that the CPCM has superior insulation performance and reduces susceptibility to external environmental changes. These findings confirm CA/C18-TD (2.0:8.0) as an optimal CPCM for seasonal thermal energy storage in energy-efficient PCM wall.

UV‐Curable 3D‐Printable Microwave‐Absorbing Material with a Sword‐Sheath Structure Based on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Polypyrrole Nanotube/Fe3O4 Composites

Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polypyrrole nanotube (PPyNT)/triiron tetraoxide (Fe3O4) composites with a sword‐sheath structure are added to a UV‐curable resin to form a unique highly microwave‐absorbing material with a low absorbent content. Specifically tailored for high‐precision stereolithography three‐dimensional (3D) printers, the low absorbent content ensures an efficient curing and molding of the photosensitive resin. The conducting polymer polypyrrole is coated on the MWCNTs via free‐radical polymerization, forming a sheath structure. The initiator of the free‐radical polymerization, FeCl3, is converted into Fe3O4 and loaded onto the sheath structure. This ternary composite material is uniformly dispersed in the photosensitive resin with interconnected sword‐sheath structures, ensuring a favorable dielectric loss performance even at a low absorbent content. Importantly, the material exhibits both dielectric loss and magnetic loss properties. Using a UV‐cured microwave‐absorbing material with an absorbent content of 0.5 wt%, an electromagnetic loss of −22.5 dB can be achieved with a thickness of 1 mm. This UV‐cured microwave‐absorbing material facilitates the high‐precision 3D printing of microwave structures with various intricate shapes, broadening the application scope of microwave‐absorbing materials.

Titanium Dioxide and Calcium Sulfate Whiskers Are Used for the Preparation of High Performance Polypropylene and Reduce White Pollution.

The anti-aging agent TiO2-polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and the mechanical strengthening agent CSW-PAN were prepared by radical polymerization using rutile nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) and anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker (CSW) as raw materials. The structures of TiO2-PAN and CSW-PAN were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Simultaneously, the mechanical properties, aging properties, and thermal stability of TiO2-PAN/CSW-PAN/polypropylene (PP) composites were studied, and the results showed that the surfaces of nano-titanium dioxide and calcium sulfate whiskers were successfully grafted with acrylonitrile. Owing to the introduction of new elements, such as acrylonitrile, nano-titanium dioxide and calcium sulfate whiskers have anti-aging properties. In comparison of the impact strength and tensile strength of TiO2-PAN/PP and TiO2-PAN/CSW-PAN/PP before aging, it can be proven that adding CSW-PAN can significantly enhance the mechanical properties of TiO2-PAN/CSW-PAN/PP. After 1000 h of aging, the tensile strength of the ternary composite TiO2-PAN/CSW-PAN/PP was 19.88 MPa when the addition amount of TiO2-PAN and CSW-PAN was 3%. Moreover, the impact strength of the ternary composite material TiO2-PAN/CSW-PAN/PP after 1000 h of aging is even better than that of non-aging pure PP materials, proving that the service life of improved PP products is extended, unnecessary waste and environmental pollution can be relieved, and the needs of specific engineering fields can be met.

Preparation and electromagnetic waves absorption performance of hibiscus-like CuS/SiC NWs@PANI in the GHz band

With the increasing demand for electromagnetic (EM) waves absorbing materials in communication, military, and electronic devices, the exploration of lightweight, wideband, and highly absorptive materials in the GHz frequency range has become urgent. This article presents a successful synthesis of hibiscus-like copper sulfide (CuS)/silicon carbide nanowires (SiC NWs) @polyaniline (PANI) composite material using a combination of hydrothermal and in-situ polymerization techniques. With a filling amount of only 25 wt% of CuS/SiC NWs@PANI in the paraffin transmissive matrix, the material exhibits a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −31.6 dB at a thickness of 2.1 mm, while providing an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.5 GHz. As the filling amount increases to 35 wt%, the RLmin drastically reduces to −41.38 dB at a thickness of 2.3 mm. The CuS particles exhibit a unique multi-layered asymmetric hibiscus-like structure, which greatly enhances the reflection of EM waves. The conductive polymer PANI, forming a coating layer at the interface with CuS and SiC NWs, effectively enhances the conductive loss. The collaborative interactions among the components in the ternary composite material significantly boost the EM waves absorption performance. This article offers valuable insights into the preparation and real-world application of absorbent materials with distinctive microstructures, thus opening up new avenues for the design of composite absorbing materials.

EVA copolymer loaded with PAni/CNT/GNP hybrids: A flexible and lightweight material with high microwave absorption

AbstractMicrowave‐absorbing materials are widely used for electromagnetic interference shielding and stealth technology. However, most existing materials are heavy, rigid, and expensive, limiting their practical applications. Therefore, there is a need to develop new materials that are flexible, lightweight, and cost effective. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize a novel ternary composite material based on polyaniline (PAni), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in an ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer matrix. PAni‐based ternary composites were prepared by in situ polymerization of aniline in toluene dispersion of CNT/GNP hybrids and EVA. The microwave absorption properties were evaluated using a vector network analyzer in the frequency range of 8.2–18 GHz. The presence of as little as 0.8 wt% of CNT/GNP hybrid with appropriate mass ratio increased the conductivity by more than four orders of magnitude compared to the EVA@PAni blend. The minimum reflection loss corresponded to −40.55 dB at 16.31 GHz for the system containing CNT/GNP = 0.3:0.7, whereas those with CNT/GNP = 0.0:1.0 and 0.7:0.3 presented the widest effective absorption bandwidths (RL < −10 dB), covering almost the entire Ku‐band. Due to the excellent flexibility, low weight, and high microwave absorption performance, these composites are potential candidates for microwave absorption applications.

Application metal oxide cathode materials for lithium ion batteries

The popularity of portable electronic devices has boosted the speedy advancement of devices for storing electrical energy. At the same time, the development of electric vehicles urgently requires lithium batteries to have higher power density and performance. The strong points of lithium ion battery are environmental friendliness, also specific capacity of high level. Lithium cathode material is one of the key factors affecting battery performance. The requirements for positive electrode materials are good safety, good service life, and less self-discharge. Among all cathode materials, metal oxide cathode material is the most potential types, which comes from a wide range of sources and has rich production experience. In this paper, four kinds of lithium metal oxide cathode materials including lithium cobaltate, lithium nickelate, lithium manganate and ternary composite oxide cathode material were analyzed, and discussed the performance of lithium metal oxide cathode materials in practical applications, where further pointed out the existing problems of metal oxide cathode materials and put forward several directions for future improvement to improve the performance of lithium ion battery cathode materials in the future development and production process.

Ti3C2Tx/PANI/CoNi as a ternary composite material unveiling excellent microwave absorption performance

Ti3C2Tx MXene material exhibits exceptional dielectric properties and a distinct layered structure, making it a noteworthy microwave absorbing material. However, its microwave absorption performance is limited due to poor impedance matching and a single loss mechanism. To address these issues, this work develops a solvothermal method to introduce the magnetic component CoNi alloy and generate organic polymer PANI through in-situ polymerization, resulting in the preparation of Ti3C2Tx/PANI/CoNi ternary composites that significantly improve impedance matching and microwave absorption performance. The microwave absorption properties of the binary and ternary composites are compared, and the superior performance of the ternary composites is emphasized. Among the ternary composites, M-P-CN 3:1:8 exhibited an excellent microwave absorption performance, demonstrating a minimum RL value of −55.48 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.1 GHz at a thickness of 2.0 mm. The synergistic effect of multiple loss mechanisms, multilayer structures, and multiple interfacial polarization methods further contribute to the enhanced microwave absorption performance of ternary composites. This study provides a straightforward method for synthesizing and designing multi-component composite absorbing materials based on MXene.

Gel-Embedded Biochar and Hydroxyapatite Composite for the Improvement of Saline-Alkali Soil and Plant Growth Promotion.

Soil amendments play a crucial role in modern agriculture, as they effectively enhance the planting environment. This study innovatively proposes the use of gel as a crosslinking agent to embed biochar and hydroxyapatite (HAP), thereby preparing a novel soil amendment. Furthermore, this study investigates the soil improvement effects of this amendment as well as its influence on plant growth. This study employed a hydrothermal method to combine corn stalk (CB) or sludge (SB) biochar with HAP at different ratios (0-20%). Subsequently, sodium alginate gel (SA) was utilized to encapsulate the biochar and minerals, successfully forming a ternary composite gel material (corn stalk biochar/sludge biochar-sodium alginate gel-hydroxyapatite: CB/SB-SA-HAP). Finally, the practical effectiveness of this amendment was verified through potted soil experiments. The results indicate that the CB/SB-SA-HAP composite materials exhibited a micrometre-scale spherical structure with well-developed micropores and possess the functional groups of CB/SB, SA, and HAP, along with unique mineral properties. Through pot experiments, it was verified that the composite material effectively enhances multiple soil properties. After 21 days of cultivation, the soil pH values stabilized within the neutral range (pH = 7 ± 0.3) across all treatment groups. Except for the CB0 (CB:HAP = 1:0) and CB2.0 (CB:HAP = 1:2) treatments, the remaining treatments significantly reduced the soil EC values by 3.27% to 47.92%. All treatments significantly increased the contents of alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen (AHN) (34.89~57.91%), available phosphorus (AP) (35.93~56.55%), and available potassium (AK) (36.41~56.80%) in the soil. In comparison, although the SB treatment was more effective in regulating the pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of saline-alkali soil than the CB treatment, it was less effective in promoting plant growth in the short term. Through correlation analysis and redundancy analysis, a significant positive correlation was found between soil pH and ryegrass germination rate and plant height, particularly with the most pronounced impact on soil pH observed in the CB1.0 and SB0 (SB:HAP = 1:0) treatments. This study underscores the potential of CB/SB-SA-HAP composite materials in soil improvement and plant growth promotion, providing valuable insights for soil remediation, enhancement, and plant cultivation advancements in the agricultural sector.

A green mediated synthesis of glass fiber‐nickel ferrite‐ polyaniline ternary composite: An excellent thermal stability and outstanding electromagnetic interference shielding performance

AbstractThe present study reports the preparation of a ternary composite with enhanced shielding performance toward electromagnetic waves using in situ polymerization of aniline on fiber‐ferrite binary composite. The polymerization is carried out in a green medium lime juice, which acts as an efficient dopant. The composite is amalgamated with varying weight percentages of ferrite (ranging from 25% to 100%) while maintaining a constant weight percentage of fiber. The presence of the fiber in the binary and ternary composite could enhance the thermal stability of the material, highlighting its applicability in a wide range of temperatures. The DC conductivity, AC conductivity, and dielectric properties are investigated, revealing significant performance enhancements. The ternary composite demonstrates excellent conductivity in the range of 10−210−1 S/cm, attributed to the polaron/bi‐polaron interaction paradigm. Furthermore, the electromagnetic interference shielding, microwave absorption, and reflection capabilities of the composites are assessed within the frequency range of 8–12 GHz. The optimized composite, featuring aniline (0.4 M) and glass fiber with ferrite in a 1:1 ratio, exhibits an outstanding shielding value of 32 dB. These results point toward the potential of this ternary composite material as an effective shield against electromagnetic pollution.

Synergistic adsorption-photocatalysis effect of α-Fe2O3-loaded acyl chloride-covalent organic framework (AC-COF) @MIL-101 porous composites for boosted tetracycline removal

The tendency of small-sized covalent organic framework (COF) nanoparticles to easily agglomerate, and the propensity of photo-generated carriers in α-Fe2O3 to recombine pose challenges in the efficient removal of tetracycline (TC) through adsorption-photocatalysis synergy. This study addresses these challenges by introducing MIL-101, known for its excellent chemical stability and large specific surface area. The amino functional group facilitates the in-situ growth of acyl chloride-covalent organic framework (AC-COF) on the surface of MIL-101, resulting in the fabrication of AC-COF@MIL-101 with a core-shell structure. Loading α-Fe2O3 through structural regulation leads to the preparation of the final α-Fe2O3/AC-COF@MIL-101 ternary nanocomposite. In α-Fe2O3/AC-COF@MIL-101 composites, the high surface energy of AC-COF is mitigated by the strong chemical energy of NC-N, reducing AC-COF aggregation and decreasing the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers in α-Fe2O3. The heterojunction structure between AC-COF@MIL-101 and α-Fe2O3 enhances the degradation of TC, attributed to the synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalysis. Experimental results demonstrate that α-Fe2O3/AC-COF@MIL-101 has a maximum adsorption capacity of 135.14 mg/g, achieving a 100% TC removal rate within 30 min. Compared to AC-COF, MIL-101, and α-Fe2O3, α-Fe2O3/AC-COF@MIL-101 exhibits higher adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity. Specifically, its adsorption capacity is 2.1 times that of AC-COF, 1.8 times that of MIL-101, and 10.6 times that of α-Fe2O3. Additionally, its degradation ability is 8.6 times that of α-Fe2O3. The adsorption of TC by α-Fe2O3/AC-COF@MIL-101 occurs through monolayer chemical adsorption, and the process is exothermic. The main active species involved in the photocatalytic degradation process are h+ and ·OH. This study introduces a new ternary composite multifunctional material with high adsorption and photocatalytic performance for TC, offering a potential strategy for enhancing the synergistically adsorption-photocatalytic effect in ternary composite systems.

Fabrication of MoO3/rGO/Au composite for increased photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

Water line purification and wastewater treatment have become challenging in the fast-growing industry, infrastructure, textile, manufacturing world, etc. with this challenge, photocatalysis has gained substantial attention as an environmentally friendly process on which researchers are working aggressively and, in this progress, two-dimensional (2D) are in focus because of their good photocatalytic ability. Therefore, in this study, we present the synthesis of one such ternary composite material comprising molybdenum trioxide nanorods (MoO3NR), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and gold nanoparticles (AuNR), with a specific focus on its enhanced photocatalytic performance. The ternary composite is prepared via a combination of in situ hydrothermal and laser ablation methods allowing for precise control over the growth and integration of the constituent materials. The structural and morphological properties of the MoO3 nanorods, rGO and Au ternary material were systematically characterized using various techniques, including UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The obtained results suggest the successful formation of a composite, revealing the presence of uniformly dispersed MoO3 nanorods on the rGO sheets and evenly distributed Au nanoparticles throughout the structure. Photocatalysis evaluations conducted to assess the material performance under visible light irradiation exhibited significantly enhanced methylene blue degradation efficiency of 85.91% in 90[Formula: see text]min in comparison with individual MoO3 nanorods and rGO counterparts. The improved efficiency can be attributed to the combined effects arising from the integration of MoO3 nanorods, rGO and Au nanoparticles, which facilitate efficient light absorption, charge separation and catalytic reactions, which in turn reduces electron–hole recombination and improve photocatalytic performance. Also, the tunable morphology and collective effects of MoO3 nanorods, rGO and Au offer new avenues for designing highly efficient and stable photocatalytic materials.

Carbon-coated silicon/graphite oxide composites as anode materials for highly stable lithium-ion batteries.

Silicon (Si) has been widely investigated as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity. However, the huge volume expansion and low electrical conductivity limit its practical application to some extent. Here, we prepared silicon/reduced graphene oxide/amorphous carbon (Si/G/C) anode materials for lithium-ion batteries using a facile synergistic cladding layer. The protective effect of different carbon layers was explored and it was found that ternary composites have excellent electrochemical properties. In this work, the surface of Si was first modified using ammonia, and the positively charged Si was tightly anchored to the graphene sheet layer. In contrast, amorphous carbon was used as a reinforcing coating for further coating to synergistically build up the cladding layer of Si NPs with graphene oxide. The ternary composite (Si/G/C) material greatly ensures the structural integrity of the composites and shows excellent cycling as well as rate performance compared to Si/reduced graphene oxide and Si/carbon composites. For the Si/G/C composite, at a current density of 1 A g-1, it can be stably cycled over 267 times with 70% capacity retention (only 0.0711% capacity reduction per cycle).

Topological structure of Au nanoparticles@salix leaf-like metal–organic framework-MXene for highly sensitive determination of carbendazim

Herein, a novel ternary composite material has been proposed for the electrochemical detection of carbendazim (CBZ) pesticide. Such Au nanoparticles@zeolitic imidazole framework-L-Ti3C2Tx (AuNPs@ZIF-L-Ti3C2Tx) can be obtained by using few-layer Ti3C2Tx and AuNPs@ZnO as the precursors. The original synthetic route leads to the distinguished morphology of AuNPs@ZIF-L-Ti3C2Tx, which exhibits the salix leaf-like morphology that is accompanied by two kinds of topological structures including the dart-like and carambola-like shapes. More importantly, the unique structure of AuNPs@ZIF-L-Ti3C2Tx contributes to high-performance sensing for the determination of CBZ. A series of control experiments has been performed in order to investigate the structure-activity relationship and sensing mechanism of AuNPs@ZIF-L-Ti3C2Tx. According to the material characterization results and performance testing results, the synergistic effect of AuNPs, ZIF-L and Ti3C2Tx is considered as the key of high-efficiency reaction interface that leads to the electrocatalytic oxidation of CBZ. The established electrochemical sensor based on the non-enzymatic AuNPs@ZIF-L-Ti3C2Tx shows a low limit of detection is 1.2 nM. Notably, the highly sensitive determination of CBZ can be realized by AuNPs@ZIF-L-Ti3C2Tx, owing to 66,684 μA mM−1 cm−2 of sensitivity. The two-stage linear detection ranges are 0.01–0.20 μM and 0.20–20.00 μM. The potential application of AuNPs@ZIF-L-Ti3C2Tx has been displayed to develop high-performance sensor.