Terms Of Technological Development Research Articles

The Study of Equity Valuation Based on Modified Ohlson Model: Case of BYD

New energy vehicle companies are at an early stage of development and have large differences in terms of technological development, market maturity and R&D costs. In this context, traditional valuation methods do not meet the requirements for valuing new energy vehicle companies. This study modified the traditional Ohlson model according to the characteristics of new energy vehicle companies, adopts DuPont's analysis system to decompose and measure several financial indicators, addresses the problem that residual returns are difficult to predict directly, and provides a reasonable and accurate valuation of new energy vehicle companies to provide investors with basis. The actual valuation will also be demonstrated with the example of BYD.

Recycling Mining Rope Waste Karama Village, Tinambung District, Polewali Mandar Regency, West Sulawesi Province

Rope recycling craft is a productive economic activity that utilizes raw materials from weathered rope waste which is recycled into new rope. The urgency of this community empowerment activity is carried out, apart from reducing the impact of rope waste on the environment it can also provide an opportunity for each community to be able to develop their potential and try to increase their income. The problem faced by Partners is a lack of skills in increasing quality production and marketing. The objectives of this activity are 1) to improve partners' skills regarding production and 2) to improve human resource capabilities in marketing. Solutions and Targets The final result to be achieved in this activity is to increase partners' skills in producing and marketing high quality and sustainable ropes. The purpose of this service and empowerment program activity. Improving the skills of partner group members in increasing the production and marketing of their business results. know the rope production system in Karama Village, Polewali Mandar Regency to meet existing market demand in terms of technological developments and Green Economy principles as well as the level of employment for the people of Karama Village. The methods applied to overcome these problems are through counseling, training with demonstrations of recycling rope waste, as well as mentoring and mentoring to make products ready for market. The activity was carried out on 14-15 August 2023 at the business location of the Siasayangi Business Group, Karama Village, Tinambung District, Polewali Mandar Regency. Activities consisted of participatory counseling coupled with demonstrations of recycling rope waste. The results of recycling this rope waste can also be sold so that it can increase income and improve the family's economy. Recycling rope requires patience, patience, and innovation, and training is still needed

The final frontier? The European Union and the governance of outer space

ABSTRACTOuter space offers great potential, in terms of technological developments, access to natural resources and possibilities of exploration of and beyond the Moon. However, the exponential growth in the number of satellites, actors and types of space activities creates challenges for the continued Safety, Sustainability and Security (S3) of space activities. These challenges can be summarized as Congestion, Competition and Contestation in space, with all these trends converging (C4). This article explores how the European Union (EU) has over the past two decades been developing a space policy and how it can contribute to an effective, equitable and sustainable global governance of outer space. It argues that the EU is building a solid backbone to become a relevant power in global space governance across its different policies, but also that there is more potential to be realized, especially concerning the shaping future space law and governance.

Human Resources as the Main Direction of the Development of Public Administration of Technological Development in the Context of Digital Transformation

Relevance. The economic success of any state is inextricably linked with the development of education, science and innovative technologies based on them, which contribute to the growth and development of the country as a whole, as well as the creation of conditions for further human development. Attention to the problem of human resource management has increased in recent years, due to the increasing gap between ongoing changes in production (orientation towards innovative development) and their actual state.The development of new technical principles and technologies requires certain models of thinking and action, which are put into practice through the human resource development system. Therefore, when determining the role of human resources in the technological development of countries, it is necessary to pay special attention to education, which is a powerful engine of economic growth that increases the efficiency and competitiveness of national economies. The ongoing changes will require people to develop fundamentally new skills and competencies necessary to participate in the creation and dissemination of digital technologies.The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship between human resources and technological development of the state.Objectives: to analyze the quantity and quality of human resources of the Russian Federation and countries close in terms of technological development, to consider the level of education and the level of economic activity of the population in the Central Federal District and the Kursk region.Methodology. The study is based on a review of the works of domestic economists, analysis of statistical data.Results. In the course of the work, the place of the Russian Federation in the global innovation rating was analyzed, a comparative analysis of the quantity and quality of labor resources with countries in similar positions of the rating was carried out, a more in-depth analysis of the labor resources of the Russian Federation and the Central Federal District was carried out, the influence of human capital on the technological development of the region and countries as a whole was proved. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that human capital is recognized as an integral factor of economic growth.

METAVERSE AND HEALTHCARE SECTOR

From the past to the present, many concepts have evolved into a new look by undergoing radical changes with the technology that has reached dimensions that cannot be taken by the human mind. In the health sector, technological devices are as important as human resources in diagnosis and treatment. Metaverse technology also emerges as one of the important changes in terms of technological developments. Metaverse technology, which radically changes the perception of reality, shows itself in many different areas. These areas include the health sector. With the COVID-19 pandemic, radical changes have occurred in the field of health. The difficulties that have arisen in an extreme situation such as the pandemic have limited the living conditions that people are used to, the services and opportunities they can access. The use of technology has created new opportunities and ideas for overcoming barriers and limitations. Thus, the interest in the concept of metaverse, which is the product of a technological development, has started to rise. In this study, in which the concept of metaverse in the field of health is discussed; The development of the metaverse from past to present and its role in the field of health are included, and its applications in the health sector are also discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of Metaverse are examined and suggestions for the future are given. Health systems where metaverse and virtual reality technologies are made available; It can be said that they will be ahead in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, in surgical operations, and in the education sector, which includes medicine-dentistry-nursing. It is thought that countries that develop the concept of metaverse in an integrated way with the ever-evolving technology and integrate their infrastructure will make a name for themselves in the future and potentially gain advantages.

The Plantain chain (<em>Musa AAB</em>) in Caldas: consolidated governance processes

Plantain cultivation is of great importance for the country´s food security and sovereignty. In Colombia, about 87 % of the established area is associated crop and 13 % as monoculture; It is one of the subsectors that generates the highest income and employment, in 2022 960,000 direct and indirect jobs were reported. In the Caldas department, plantain is cultivated in all municipalities, its value chain, its main actors, flows, synergies, and governance spaces around this productive system were analyzed. For this purpose, a mapping of local actors was used with a Social Network Analysis, a description of the de facto banana value chain and it was analyzed under the Governance Analytical Framework. There is evidence of a productive system with well differentiated areas in terms of technological development, integration of chain links, articulation of institutions, organizational processes, access to national and international markets, and agro-industrial transformation processes. The articulation and cooperation between inter-institutional actors have been critical for development of collective actions to optimize resources, time, processes, and maximize the generated impact. The Caldas roundtables competitiveness emerge and position themselves as a consolidated space for territorial governance, which in turn catalyzes articulation dynamics and institutional interventions to enhance the resources of value chains and territories.

Startup category membership and boundary expansion in the field of artificial intelligence

PurposeAn important but neglected area of investigation in digital entrepreneurship is the combined role of both core and peripheral members of an emerging technological field in shaping the symbolic and social boundaries of the field. This is a serious gap as both categories of members play a distinct role in expanding the pool of resources of the field. I address this gap by exploring how membership category is related to funding decisions in the emerging field of artificial intelligence (AI).Design/methodology/approachThe first quantitative study involved a sample of 1,315 AI-based startups which were founded in the period of 2011–2018 in the United States. In the second qualitative study, the author interviewed 32 members of the field (core members, peripheral members and investors) to define the boundaries of their respective role in shaping the social boundaries of the AI field.FindingsThe author finds that core members in the newly founded field of AI were more successful at attracting funding from investors than peripheral members and that size of the founding team, number of lead investors, number of patents and CEO approval were positively related to funding. In the second qualitative study, the author interviewed 30 members of the field (core members, peripheral members and investors) to define their respective role in shaping the social boundaries of the AI field.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is one of the first to build on the growing literature in emerging organizational fields to bring empirical evidence that investors adapt their funding strategy to membership categories (core and peripheral members) of a new technological field in their resource allocation decisions. Furthermore, I find that core and peripheral members claim distinct roles in their participation and contribution to the field in terms of technological developments, and that although core members attract more resources than peripheral members, both actors play a significant role in expanding the field’s social boundaries.Practical implicationsCore AI entrepreneurs who wish to attract funding may consider operating in fewer categories in order to be perceived as core members of the field, and thus focus their activities and limited resources to build internal AI capabilities. Entrepreneurs may invest early in filing a patent to signal their in-house AI capabilities to investors.Social implicationsThe social boundaries of an emerging technological field are shaped by a multitude of actors and not only the core members of the field. The author should pay attention to the role of each category of actors and build on their contributions to expand a promising field.Originality/valueThis paper is among the first to build on the growing literature in emerging organizational fields to study the resource acquisition strategies of entrepreneurs in a newly establishing technological field.

Unlocking the value of innovative medicines: Insights from the advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) innovation systems in Germany and Sweden

ObjectivesGenerally low uptake in the advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) market and difficult patient access has been observed across Europe. The objective is to analyze the key challenges of the ATMP innovation ecosystem around R&D, entrepreneurial activities, framework conditions and legitimacy and to highlight how national level activities can impact on patient access to ATMPs in Sweden and Germany. MethodsAn exploratory case studies approach was applied for analyzing ATMP development and uptake in Sweden and Germany between 2010 and 2021. A mixed methods and multi-level approach was used to collect data, including desktop research and 17 expert interviews. ResultsGermany is performing well and apart from better patients' engagement has lower barriers for ATMP development and diffusion compared to Sweden. The main hindrances in Sweden include a lack of collaboration between stakeholders in translational research, conservative HTA assessment and lack of innovative payment models. Both countries could benefit from better streamlined regulation on different aspects around clinical trials (i.e. ranging from legislation on genetically modified organisms for gene therapy medicinal products and master file approach for raw materials). ConclusionsDespite a number of hindrances around ATMP development and uptake, the evidence in terms of technological development on the one side and unmet patient needs on the other side, shows that ATMPs will play an important role in the future of modern healthcare systems. It is clear that further national level collaboration between academic, clinical and industrial players is necessary to overcome the existing hindrances and boost further development of ATMPs in Europe.

Optimization of Hemodynamic Monitoring System of Heart Rate using Cardiac Sensor

The principles of hemodynamic monitoring have not yet altered in terms of technological development in recent years. The main goal of hemodynamic monitoring system is targeted for critically ill patients’ remains to be an accurate assessment of the systemic circulation and its response to tissue oxygen requirements. The problem due to heart failure caused by a different disease that harms the activity of the heart and hemodynamic circulatory system. It comprises cardiomyopathy, heart disease, a high blood pressure, heart inflammation, and increased heart rate. In present research an attempt was made for hemodynamic monitoring of heart rate by using fabricated cardiac sensor which provide to detect abnormal physiology and take action before the problem starts, such as the cases of organ failure and death arise. The most popular invasive hemodynamic monitoring system is arterial pulse-wave analysis, pulmonary artery catheters, but also central venous catheters. It finds that monitoring of the patient's cardiac output, Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAP), volume status, and tissue oxygen absorption may be necessary in certain critical cases. It concludes that as medical knowledge of a patient's critical disease is improved, their capacity to monitor and treat efficiently will increase with help of hemodynamic monitoring. In future, On the basis of large data, the advent of artificial intelligence and machine learning may enable predictive analyses of hemodynamic issues before they really arise.

An analysis and assessment model for children's mental health based on home intelligent voice devices: a feasibility research

This paper focuses on home smart voice devices to address the problems of traditional mental health diagnosis and evaluation (e.g., the inability to monitor, analyze and assess mental health in real-time and the heavy reliance on psychologists and counselors for judgment). It constructs a model for monitoring, examining, and evaluating children's mental health using interactive communication and voice recordings between children and intelligent voice devices. The model uses techniques such as natural language processing and data mining based on a random forest algorithm. Meanwhile, this paper explores and investigates the feasibility of implementing the model on the ground in terms of technology development and technology preference.

Formation of innovative integrated structures in the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan

Over the years of independence, Kazakhstan has developed as a country in transition to the market, achieved significant results. Although innovations are actively conquering some industries, the country lags behind in terms of technological development. Using the example of the agricultural sector, it is shown how to increase the technical, technological, organizational and economic level of production by integrating personal subsidiary farms. The purpose of the study is to study the exciting technological structures in the economy of Kazakhstan and, using example of the agro-industrial complex, to develop proposals for the creation of innovative integrated structures with more advanced forms of management and a combination of industries that form a chain of a new value creation. Methods of analytical-comparative, general scientific and system analysis were used to solve the main problem. The projected structure is a collective property, where the owners are shareholders, and the income is distributed according to the contribution made. Shareholders and their family members can work at this enterprise and receive wages for their work. In market conditions, such associations make it possible to ensure a high speed of capital movement between organizations of different industries in order to quickly saturate the market with food

Hydrogen Technology Development and Policy Status by Value Chain in South Korea

Global transitions from carbon- to hydrogen-based economies are an essential component of curbing greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. This study provides an investigative review of the technological development trends within the overall hydrogen value chain in terms of production, storage, transportation, and application, with the aim of identifying patterns in the announcement and execution of hydrogen-based policies, both domestically within Korea, as well as internationally. The current status of technological trends was analyzed across the three areas of natural hydrogen, carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and storage technology linked to blue hydrogen, and green hydrogen production linked to renewable energy (e.g., water electrolysis). In Korea, the establishment of underground hydrogen storage facilities is potentially highly advantageous for the storage of domestically produced and imported hydrogen, providing the foundations for large-scale application, as economic feasibility is the most important national factor for the provision of fuel cells. To realize a hydrogen economy, pacing policy and technological development is essential, in addition to establishing a roadmap for efficient policy support. In terms of technological development, it is important to prioritize that which can connect the value chain, all of which will ultimately play a major role in the transformation of human energy consumption.

Progress on research and development in diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus is a kind of metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insulin insufficiency and insulin resistance. It has become one of the major diseases threatening human health. In this paper, we analyze the current R&D status of diabetes from the aspects of papers, patents, drugs and industrial development. The results show that scientific outcomes are increasing steadily and the hot topics are diabetic complications and epidemiological research. In terms of technology development, large pharmaceutical companies, such as Janssen Pharmaceutical, Lilly pharmaceutical, Boehringer Ingelheim, are actively engaged in diagnosis, treatment and management of diabetes. By March 23 2022, 207 drugs have been launched and a large number of candidate drugs are in the pre-clinical and clinical stage. In terms of industrial development, the potential diabetes market is huge and the digital management of diabetes is developing rapidly. China has certain strength in diabetes research and development. In the future, measures should be taken to strengthen the transformation of research outcomes, and promote product development to meet China's huge needs of diabetes cares.

See You in Your Backyard: Multipoint Contact, Firm’s Capacity and Capability, and Technological Expansion

Past studies of multipoint competition have mainly focused on the effect of multipoint contact in product markets on firm competitive behaviors in those markets only. Our study advances this literature by examining how multipoint contact in product markets affects a firm’s expansion into a rival’s technological areas. We further investigate the factors that moderate the proposed effect. Our analyses suggest that the degree of multipoint contact between a firm and a rival in product markets has an inverted U-shaped relationship with the degree of the firm’s expansion into the rival’s technological areas (patent classes). Furthermore, the firm’s capacity (market share) and capability (status in terms of technological development) relative to the rival’s have different moderating effects on the relationship between multipoint contact in product markets and the firm’s expansion into the rival’s technological areas. Our findings contribute to the literatures on multipoint contact, competitive dynamics, and firm technology strategies.

Cyber Security Challenges in Georgia

The XXI century turned out to be a turning point in terms of technological development. Rapid technical progress along with many other benefits has posed significant challenges to the world. The growing reliance on digital technology in almost every field has increased the risks and dangers of cybercrime. Cyberspace is widely used by both state and non-state actors -terrorist organizations not to mention cyberattacks carried out by individual individuals. Georgia could not avoid this global threat either. This paper addresses the challenges of cyber security in Georgia. The paper discusses the methods of cybercrime and its impact on the concept of national security. The paper is based on the theory of realism and discusses the key characteristics through which states and non-state actors pursue their own interests and demonstrate or use force.The study reflects the main threats and challenges that exist in cyber and information in Georgia, relevant conclusions are drawn and some kind of recommendations are given at the end of the study.

An Overview of Continuous Learning Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Medical Devices


 Continuous learning artificial intelligence as a medical device or as part of a medical device is a rapidly developing area – both in terms of technology development and determining how to regulate and evaluate these technologies.
 As of the writing of this report, no medical device enabled with continuous learning artificial intelligence has been authorized in Canada.
 Continuous learning artificial intelligence for health care may have a cascading effect on national and international level, including reshaping and shifting the role of regulators and health technology assessment agencies. The body of literature on the regulation, HTA, and ethical, social, and legal issues relating to the regulation and assessment of continuous learning AI is growing and changes can continue to be anticipated in this space.

Impact of Taxes and Technological Improvement for Economic Growth

This study investigates internet users, Technology, taxes and Economic Growth. This study investigates data at the start point year of 2000 to 2020 to generate "autoregressive vectors" that can be utilize for determine relationship among the variables. This model is to analyze among Technology, Taxes and Economic Growth at Indonesia using secondary data from the World Bank. We discovered In terms of technological developments in Indonesia, if there are developments in Indonesia, taxes will decrease. This is because as technology develops, people will be smarter and this will reduce taxes and increase economic growth. Technology also plays an important role in economic development, but if technology decreases then taxes in Indonesia will increase.

Road Transportation and Energy Integration Strategy in China

Transportation and energy are crucial for social development and civilization evolution. The energization of transportation infrastructure assets and clean transformation of transportation energies are effective decarbonization strategies for solving severe challenges such as resource shortage, climate change, and environmental pollution. This study first reviews the integration history of road transportation and energy, and investigates the demand for and trends of the integration from the perspectives of national energy security, clean transformation of energy supply, energization potential of transportation infrastructure assets, and intelligentization of the transportation system. The pathway for promoting the integrated development of road transportation and the energy sector is proposed based on assessing the wind and solar resources and the self-consistent supply capacity of energies within the road transportation system. Moreover, a roadmap for integrating road transportation and renewable energies is proposed considering the carbon peak and carbon neutralization targets. Finally, suggestions are proposed from two aspects. In terms of technology development, we suggest that China should enhance technology research and development, improve the industry chain, and promote technology innovation and integration. Additionally, it should provide policies for improving top-level design and strategic planning, exploiting new market modes, and strengthening international cooperation.

Stay the Course? The Effects of Government Matching R&D Funding on Tech Startups

Governments have provided significant R&D funding for startups that are significant sources of innovation. The literature that examines the efficacy of R&D funding programs has found mixed results, likely due to program design and implementation issues. In this paper, we examine a special matching R&D subsidy program for startups in which the government provides a substantial amount of matching R&D funds to the awardees of private VCs. Using both secrecy and hand-collected data, we examine the effects of a government matching R&D subsidy to startups’ subsequent investment and innovation. With a regression discontinuity, we find that startups funded by TIPS obtain more patents and subsequent investments than startups not supported by the program. It implies the effectiveness of this program can be increased by imposing the recipient selection system to the private sector. Our study also reveals that TIPS awardees tend to maintain their overall business model while adjusting their strategies in terms of technology development, new technology adoption, and HRM practices.

Process Variability in Top-Down Fabrication of Silicon Nanowire-Based Biosensor Arrays.

Silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (SiNW-FET) have been studied as ultra-high sensitive sensors for the detection of biomolecules, metal ions, gas molecules and as an interface for biological systems due to their remarkable electronic properties. “Bottom-up” or “top-down” approaches that are used for the fabrication of SiNW-FET sensors have their respective limitations in terms of technology development. The “bottom-up” approach allows the synthesis of silicon nanowires (SiNW) in the range from a few nm to hundreds of nm in diameter. However, it is technologically challenging to realize reproducible bottom-up devices on a large scale for clinical biosensing applications. The top-down approach involves state-of-the-art lithography and nanofabrication techniques to cast SiNW down to a few 10s of nanometers in diameter out of high-quality Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) wafers in a controlled environment, enabling the large-scale fabrication of sensors for a myriad of applications. The possibility of their wafer-scale integration in standard semiconductor processes makes SiNW-FETs one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of biosensor platforms for applications in healthcare and medicine. Although advanced fabrication techniques are employed for fabricating SiNW, the sensor-to-sensor variation in the fabrication processes is one of the limiting factors for a large-scale production towards commercial applications. To provide a detailed overview of the technical aspects responsible for this sensor-to-sensor variation, we critically review and discuss the fundamental aspects that could lead to such a sensor-to-sensor variation, focusing on fabrication parameters and processes described in the state-of-the-art literature. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of functionalization aspects, surface modification, and system integration of the SiNW-FET biosensors on post-fabrication-induced sensor-to-sensor variations for biosensing experiments.