Terms Of Nutrient Content Research Articles

ВЛИЯНИЕ БИО-ОРГАНО-МИНЕРАЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА АКМ НА БИОЛОГИЧЕСКУЮ АКТИВНОСТЬ ПОЧВЫ, ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ ЯБЛОНИ И КАЧЕСТВО ПЛОДОВ

Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Research Institute of Mountain and Foothill Gardening, Nalchik, KBR, Russia in terms of nutrient content, which can be used in health conservation programs for the prevention, including endemic diseases of the population.

The quality of meat in milk fed lambs is affected by the ewe diet: A review

Several scientific publications have highlighted the importance of feeding management practices in improving the nutritional properties of milk from dairy ewes. Meat production quality from suckling lambs is based on the use of milk as exclusive or near exclusive dietary component. There is considerable evidence that lamb meat contains many important nutrients and bioactive compounds that play an important role in consumer health. This paper examines the different quality characteristics of lamb meat from ewes fed different diets to improve milk quality. To conduct this research, we consulted different scientific databases and acquired relevant documents that studied the relationships between the dietary treatment of lactating ewes and the performance of their suckling lambs (growth and carcass traits) as well as the meat quality in terms of nutrient content (fat and protein in particular), bioactive compounds content (fatty acids, vitamins, and antioxidant molecules), color, odor and flavor. The extent of change in meat carcass traits and meat quality of suckling lambs due to different feeding strategies applied to ewes was evaluated and discussed. This overview of the knowledge on the relationship between the milk quality and suckling lamb quality can be useful for production and communication strategies development for the lamb meat industry.

Wild Oats Offer New Possibilities for Forage Because of the Higher Nutrition Content and Feed Value

Oats (Avena sativa L.) are mostly used as a germplasm resource for forage. This experiment showed the differences in the nutrient composition and the forage quality of five wild leather oat populations from Israel and one cultivated leather oat population from China. It also showed the correlation of the indicators with the geo-environmental factors in the places of origin of the six populations that were analysed. Three replicated experiments were conducted during a three-year period from 2018.10 to 2020.03, mainly from 11 indicators of nutrient composition and forage quality. In this experiment, Spearman’s correlation was used to analyse the differences between different groups (p < 0.05), the relationship between components was analysed by principal component analysis (PCA), and the kinship relationship between six groups was also analysed based on the data of 11 components. In terms of nutrient content, the cultivated group Hu had significantly lower ash (8.92%), crude protein (11.96%), and soluble sugar content (10.51%) than the wild oat groups. In terms of forage quality, the lignin content (3.31%) of the Hu population was 2.3 times higher than that of Evolution Canyon, and the fibre content was 8 times higher than that of Sede Boqer. This indicates that wild oats have better nutritional value and palatability. Following the correlation analysis, it was found that the environmental factors of the origin had a significant effect on the indexes of ash, crude protein, and soluble sugar of oat straw, but had less effect on the content of crude fat, total phosphorus, and total potassium. Meanwhile, the annual rainfall and the number of rainfall days in the origin had a significant effect on the fibre content. In conclusion, the higher variability of wild oat populations due to the influence of different environmental and geographical factors may be a new possibility brought by forage oats.

Eutrophic reservoir water suitability for irrigation in semi-arid region

Eutrophication is a common problem for the dams situated within an urban or agricultural catchment with a high source of untreated plant nutrients. This can negatively affect the hydro ecosystem, recreational and other uses of water. On the other hand, such eutrophic dams could also be a rich source of nutrients for agricultural use. Thinking irrigation as an alternative means of eutrophic reservoir water management, water suitability for irrigation was investigated for Roodeplaat Dam, South Africa using physicochemical parameters recorded (1981–2017) at five sampling stations. Irrigation suitability was evaluated in terms of nutrient content, salinity, soil infiltration, and toxicity problems to irrigated plants. Plant nutrients: NH4_N, NO3_NO2_N, PO4_P, are within the normal range. But K is above the normal range for irrigation use and can cause nitrogen deficiency. The salinity of 0.44 dS/m was found within the normal range with none restriction for irrigation use. Na toxicity in terms of SAR and Cl toxicity was none for both surface and sprinkler irrigated plants. The pH value of 8.4 was within the normal range (6.5–8.4). Generally, the quality of the reservoir water was categorized under C2S1 (medium salinity and low sodium hazard). Irrigation water can cause slight to moderate soil infiltration problem. Therefore, eutrophic reservoirs can be a potential source of readily available nutrients for irrigation and, hence irrigation use can be considered as one of the remedial measures to decrease nutrient accumulation in the reservoir. The existing water conveyance system can be used to transport water to agricultural fields.

Does Drone Data Allow the Assessment of Phosphorus and Potassium in Soil Based on Field Experiments with Winter Rye?

The evaluation of the nutrient content in the soil, such as potassium and phosphorus, is very important, especially in precision agriculture, where the fertilizer rate should be adjusted to field variability in terms of nutrient content. Soil chemical analysis is time-consuming and expensive, and dense soil sampling is not always possible. In recent years, remote sensing methods have been used to assess the within-field variability of soil and crop nutritional status. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between UAV-derived spectral reflectance for winter rye in a long-term experiment for different fertilization with phosphorus and potassium. The study was conducted in 2022 in two field experiments in which winter rye was cultivated in monoculture and with crop rotation. The experiments were located in central Poland in Skierniewice. Statistical analyses were performed using univariate and multivariate methods, e.g., analysis of correlation, regression, and principal component analysis (PCA). The effect of phosphorus and potassium fertilization on the UAV-derived spectral reflectance of winter rye was weak, weaker in comparison to the effect of nitrogen fertilization. The effect of phosphorus and potassium fertilization on spectral reflectance was stronger in the experiment with monoculture than in the experiment with crop rotation. On the basis of correlation coefficients and PCA, negative relationships were proven between available soil potassium and spectral reflectance in the range of blue, green, and red bands and positive with red edge and near-infrared bands. The first principal component (PC1) was very strongly correlated with almost all spectral bands, either positively or negatively. The correlation of potassium and phosphorus content was very weak with PC1 in the experiment with crop rotation, while in the experiment with rye monoculture, the correlation was slightly stronger, indicating a stronger effect of nutrient deficiency in monoculture.

Comparation between maize and sorghum silage quality: A meta-analysis study

Forage maize silage and sorghum silage might be comparable in terms of nutrient content, especially in fermentation quality. Many studies have been conducted on this matter, but no comprehensive analysis exists. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the nutrient content of both maize and sorghum silage through a meta-analysis method. A total of 190 articles relevant to the keyword were further selected until 17 scientific articles according to the determined criteria for this study. The articles were entered into the database. Hedges'g effect was used to measure the estimate with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using random-effects models. The results showed that the pH of forage sorghum silage was significantly (p<0.05, Estimate = 1.029, 95% CI = 0.404 to 1.653) higher than that of forage maize silage. And then, lactic acid (Estimate = -1.174, 95% CI = -1.797 to -0.551) and ammonia (Estimate = -3.180, 95% CI = -4.885 to -1.484) were significantly (p<0.05) lower than maize silage and no effect (P>0.05) in ammonia value. Based on this study, sorghum silage potentially a substitute for maize silage.

Nutrition of pregnant. Comparative analysis based on data from a survey of residents of Russian Federation and the Republic of Azerbaijan (on the example of Astrakhan and Baku)

Poor nutrition of the expectant mother leads to an unfavorable course of pregnancy and a number of serious deviations in the development of the child. Therefore, a multifaceted study of the actual nutrition of a pregnant woman is relevant, including the identification of trends associated with geographical, ethnic, and family characteristics. The study was aimed at conducting a comparative analysis of the nutrition of pregnant women from two cities, Astrakhan (Russian Federation) and Baku (Republic of Azerbaijan), by means of a questionnaire. Material and methods. In the course of a voluntary anonymous survey in 2022, 432 women aged 18-50 years old in the II trimester of pregnancy, living in Baku (n=280, group 1) and Astrakhan (n=152, group 2) have been interviewed. The answers of the respondents were analyzed in terms of eating habits, frequency of intake and food repertoire. Results. An analysis of the nutrition of pregnant women from both cities showed that it is unbalanced in terms of a set of products. Significant violations of the diet were noted in women from both studied groups, for example, a reduction in its multiplicity to two times a day (in group 1 - 2.5% and in group 2 - 7.2%). When conducting a comparative analysis of the nutrition of expectant mothers using the Pearson χ-square contingency coefficient, it was found that the groups had no significant differences in the consumption of milk and dairy products, meat and meat products, fish and seafood. Meat and meat products were used daily by no more than 31% of the surveyed, milk and dairy products - 43%, about half of pregnant women didn't consume fish and seafood. A relationship was established between the frequency of fruit consumption and the city of residence of pregnant women, in Baku women consumed fruits more often. In both groups, the abuse of confectionery and sugar was noted, some women already suffered from diabetes (5.4% from Astrakhan and 0.7% from Baku). Digestive pathology was detected in group 1 - in 11.2% (17), in group 2 - in 29.3% (79) of pregnant women. When conducting a comparative analysis of the frequency of consumption of undesirable products (mayonnaise, sauces, chips, carbonated drinks), it turned out that the groups were homogeneous, no connection with the city of residence was established. During pregnancy, 40.1 and 45.0% of women from 1 and 2 groups, respectively, took vitamin-mineral complexes. The level of vitamin D in the blood serum was determined by 29.6 and 6.8% of the respondents, respectively. A comparative analysis of the content of vitamin D in blood serum, determined respectively in 29.6 and 6.8% of respondents, showed that the groups of subjects were homogeneous, no connection of vitamin D level with the city of residence was found. Conclusion. In general, all the peculiarities of pregnant women's nutrition identified in the course of the survey can lead to an imbalance in the diet in terms of nutrient content, a deficiency of complete proteins, vitamins, and trace elements with excessive consumption of carbohydrates. When conducting a comparative analysis, it was possible to identify differences in the diet of pregnant women, relating only to the consumption of fruits - some respondents from Astrakhan consumed fruits less than once a week. Common unfavorable factors for pregnant women of both groups were the abuse of "undesirable" products, flour products and sugar, as well as the lack of involvement of women in the examination to assess the body's vitamin D supply and the rare prescription of vitamin-mineral complexes by specialists to correct micronutrient deficiencies.

Hyperspectral Image Data and Waveband Indexing Methods to Estimate Nutrient Concentration on Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Cultivars.

Lettuce is an important vegetable in the human diet and is commonly consumed for salad. It is a source of vitamin A, which plays a vital role in human health. Improvements in lettuce production will be needed to ensure a stable and economically available supply in the future. The influence of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) compounds on the growth dynamics of four hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars (Black Seeded Simpson, Parris Island, Rex RZ, and Tacitus) in tubs and in a nutrient film technique (NFT) system were studied. Hyperspectral images (HSI) were captured at plant harvest. Models developed from the HSI data were used to estimate nutrient levels of leaf tissues by employing principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares regression (PLSR), multivariate regression, and variable importance projection (VIP) methods. The optimal wavebands were found in six regions, including 390.57-438.02, 497-550, 551-600, 681.34-774, 802-821, and 822-838 nm for tub-grown lettuces and four regions, namely 390.57-438.02, 497-550, 551-600, and 681.34-774 nm for NFT-system-grown lettuces. These fitted models' levels showed high accuracy (R2=0.85-0.99) in estimating the growth dynamics of the studied lettuce cultivars in terms of nutrient content. HSI data of the lettuce leaves and applied N solutions demonstrated a direct positive correlation with an accuracy of 0.82-0.99 for blue and green regions in 400-575 nm wavebands. The results proved that, in most of the tested multivariate regression models, HSI data of freshly cut leaves correlated well with laboratory-measured data.

Creation of initial breeding material of red clover with high fodder qualities for conditions of Northern region

Red clover is the main perennial legume crop in the Northern region. The article presents the results of the competitive variety testing of accessions (2019 and 2021) on nutritional value and feed productivity. Amounts of crude protein, fat, fiber, sugar, ash elements and carotene were estimated in contrasting meteorological conditions. The research years had signifi differences in the sum of temperatures, precipitation accumulation and hydrothermal coeffi During regrowth-beginning of fl period of red clover, the hydrothermal coeffi was 2.2 in 2019, and 0.75 in 2021. The purpose of the research was to study the nutritional value and productivity of breeding samples of red clover and selection of promising ones for further breeding work. The prevailing role of weather conditions over the varietal features of samples was revealed. In the dry year 2021, the studied indicators of nutritional value (except phosphorus) were higher than in the wet year 2019. In terms of nutrient content, SD-326, K-17421, K-46524, K-44964, K-1939 were identifi signifi exceeding the standard or showing a result at the standard level for two or more chemical components. In terms of high nutritional value and protein yield, three samples reliably confirmed the excess over the standard on average for two years of testing: SD-326-1227 kg/ha (+ 130 kg/ha), K-17421-1308 kg/ha (+ 211 kg/ha), K-46524-1156 kg/ha (+ 59 kg/ha). The obtained results will be used in future creation of red clover cultivars with high nutritional properties and feed productivity.

Purification and characterization of catechol oxidase from Posof Badele apple (Malus domestica L): in vitro and in silico studies

Abstract In the current study, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), responsible for enzymatic browning in fruits, was purified from Posof Badele apple (PB) (Malus domestica L.) in two steps as acetone precipitation and affinity chromatography. After purification, the purity of PBPPO was checked by using SDS-PAGE. It was figured out that PBPPO had maximum activity at pH 6.0 and 10 °C and it was stable at pH 5.5 and temperatures of 0–30 °C. Besides, it was determined that Al3+ and Cu2+ metal ions activated the enzyme and the PBPPO was strongly inhibited by ascorbic acid with a Ki constant of 1.67 ± 0.35 µM. Inhibitor-enzyme interactions were examined by molecular docking studies and it was revealed that ascorbic acid had the lowest docking score of −6.54 kcal/mol. We wanted to draw attention to the PB apple, which is red inside as well as outside and very rich in terms of nutrient content.

Effect of Organic Manure, Inorganic Fertilizers and Biofertilizers on Nutrient Content of Maize (Zea mays L.) and Their Residual Effect on Succeeding Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Crop

An experiment was conducted at Students’ Instructional Farm, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur. The aim of the study to evaluate the different sources of nutrient on nutrient content of maize (Zea mays L.) and their residual effect on succeeding wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop. On the basis of results emanated from present investigation it could be concluded that application of 100%RDN+25% N-VC+S+Zn+Az.+PSB significantly recorded maximum nutrient content in maize viz. N (1.58%), P (0.46%), K (0.56%) and S (0.25%) and Zn (24.20 mg kg-1) content in grain during first year and during second year nutrient content in maize grain is N (1.61%), P (0.50%), K (0.60%) and S (0.29%) and Zn (24.26 mg kg-1)similarly maximum nutrient content in maize stover viz. N (0.71%), P (0.29%), K (1.28%) and S (0.26%) and Zn (41.50 mg kg-1) during first year and during second year nutrient content in maize stover is N (0.74%), P (0.32%), K (1.31%) and S (0.30%) and Zn (41.55 mg kg-1). Similar, trend was also repeated during both of the years for succeeding wheat crop in terms of nutrient content in grain and straw of wheat. Application of 100%RDN+25% N-VC+S+Zn+Az.+PSB significantly recorded maximum nutrient content in wheat grain viz. N (1.94%), P (0.40%), K (0.64%) , S (0.30%) and Zn (42.21 mg kg-1) during first year and during second year nutrient content in wheat grain is N (1.98%), P (0.44%), K (0.68%), S (0.34%) and Zn (42.26 mg kg-1) similarly maximum nutrient content in wheat straw viz. N (0.63%), P (0.22%), K (1.38%), S (0.29%) and Zn (14.82 mg kg-1) during first year and during second year nutrient content in wheat straw is N (0.67%), P (0.25%), K (1.42%) and S (0.33%) and Zn (14.87 mg kg-1).

Bioactivity and Pharmacological Potential of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Against Pandemic COVID-19: a Comprehensive Review.

A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) or severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), transmitted from person to person, has quickly emerged as the pandemic responsible for the current global health crisis. This infection has been declared a global pandemic, resulting in a concerning number of deaths as well as complications post-infection, primarily among vulnerable groups particularly older people and those with multiple comorbidities. In this article, we review the most recent research on the role of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits (DPFs) to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection. The mechanisms underlying this preventive or therapeutic effect are also discussed in terms of bioactivity potentials in date palm, e.g., antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and hemolytic potential, as well as prospect against COVID-19 disease and the potential product development. Therefore, it can be concluded that regular consumption of DPFs may be associated with a lower risk of some chronic diseases. Indeed, DPFs have been widely used in folk medicine since ancient times to treat a variety of health conditions, demonstrating the importance of DPFs as a nutraceutical and source of functional nourishment. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the majority of the research on DPFs in terms of nutrient content and biologically active components such as phenolic compounds, with an emphasis on their roles in improving overall health as well as the potential product development to ensure consumers’ satisfaction in a current pandemic situation. In conclusion, DPFs can be given to COVID-19 patients as a safe and effective add-on medication or supplement in addition to routine treatments.

English

The purpose of this study was to determine the feed values of some legume forage plants growing in a natural environment. The plant materials used in the study were as follows: Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), varigated alfalfa (Medicago varia), bird vetch (Vicia cracca), mountain vetch (Vicia alpestris), mountain clover (Trifolium montanum), kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum), three-headed clover (Trifolium trichocephalum), purple crownvetch (Coronilla varia), and bird’s foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus). The feeds were examined in terms of nutrient content, relative feed value, true dry matter digestibility, true organic matter digestibility, true neutral detergent fiber digestibility, and relative feed quality. The legume forage plants were found to be significantly different from each other in terms of nutrient contents (P<0.05). The mountain clover was found to have the highest contents of crude protein and crude fat among the legume forage plants examined in this study, while the alfalfa was found to have more contents of dry matter and NDF than the other legume forage plants. On the other hand, the dry matter intake was found to be the highest in the three-headed clover, the dry matter digestibility and relative feed value were found to be the highest in the purple crownvetch, and the relative feed quality was found to be the highest in the mountain vetch. The nutrient contents, relative feed values, and relative feed quality values of the forage plants showed that they could be used in animal feeding.

Phytoregulators and mineral nutrition interactions to the establishment of Passiflora alata seedlings

Crop plants have been widely used to discuss several physiological interactions between plant growth regulators (PGRs) and mineral nutrition. However, these physiological effects and their potentiality in non-domesticated species (wild species) are far to be elucidated. In this experiment, it is hypothesized that PGRs and mineral element availability interactions guaranteed improvements in plant development under low availability for the establishment of Passiflora alata Curtis (sweet passion fruit) seedlings. Plant growth and ionic accumulation of macro and micronutrients in leaf and root plant tissues of P. alata were examined. As expected, the ionic accumulation of some elements (N, P, S, B, and Cu) increased in response to a higher nutrient solution (ionic strength, IS) availability. The interactions IS × PGR were significant with respect to almost all the plant growth variables, besides the Zn in leaf and N, Zn, and B in roots. Comparing the treatment means, we verified that the plant growth responses and Zn in leaf were more similar between ISs when PGRs had been applied. Moreover, the use of PGR probably favors an adequate nutritional and hormonal balance, since it has guaranteed improvements even under low availability. It can be concluded that Passiflora alata Curtis that did not receive these phytoregulators are more variable in terms of nutrient content, and are therefore more susceptible to nutritional deficiencies.

Estimation of chemical composition, in vitro gas production, metabolizable energy, net energy lactation values of different peanut varieties and line by Hohenheim in vitro gas production technique

This study was carried out to determine the nutritional value of some selected peanut varieties and line in the Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute of Adana, Turkey. The peanut varieties used were Gazipasa, Sultan, NC7, Cihangir, and Halisbey; while the peanut line was DA335/2011. The chemical composition, metabolizable energy (ME), net energy lactation (NEL) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) of the selected peanut varieties and line were determined through Hohenheim in vitro gas production technique. Incubation times for Hohenheim gas production technique were 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The analysis of variance (General Linear Model) was carried out using the SPSS package program. The differences among groups in terms of nutrient contents were found to be significant (P<ou=0.05), except for dry matter (DM) and hemicellulose (HC). The highest crude protein (CP) (40.13%) was found in Sultan variety, while the crude oil (CO) content was found to be between 21.32 and 31.01%. The ADF, NDF, and ADL content of the peanut varieties and line were within the ranges of 2.32-7.91%, 4.85-9.88%, and 0.43-2.62%, respectively. Conversely, the Sultan variety had the highest crude cellulose (CC) value, Cihangir variety was determined to contain the highest hemicellulose (HC) value. The differences in 24 hour gas and methane production among different peanut varieties and line were found to be not-significant. (P > 0.05).

Аналіз ефективності технології заготівлі сінажу в полімерних рукавах

In terms of nutrient content, haymaking occupies an intermediate position between the silo and hay, which is why it was called "haymaking", or haying. Unlike conventional silage, the conservation of which is caused by the accumulation of organic acids (mainly lactic), which are formed as a result of fermentation, the conservation of haying is achieved due to the physical dryness of the environment. The purpose of our research was to prove the efficiency and feasibility of using polymer sleeves compared to conventional haymaking technology. Material and methodology of research. To achieve the goal and solve the set tasks, we used general scientific and special methods of research, which provided the objectivity and reliability of the main provisions of scientific research and formulated conclusions: the method of systematic analysis - in the formation of theoretical and methodological base of research and theoretical generalization, methods of mathematical modeling were also used and forecast. The use of induction, deduction, analysis, and synthesis techniques has made it possible to generalize the existing scientific approaches to hay-harvesting technology. Benchmarking - revealed a more efficient method of harvesting hay. Annual reports of the Native Territory branch of PJSC “Zernoproduct MHP” on financial and production activity, as well as plans of utilization and fulfillment of production tasks of the economy in recent years were used for the research. BUDISSA BAG X-TREME – polymer sleeves made with the latest 7-layer extrusion technology and have three years of flawless worldwide responses. Taking into account the fact that when laying hay in the polymer sleeves, haying of the first class of quality was obtained, and when laying in the trenches still the second class, in addition to economic efficiency, we also took into account the indicators of quality and nutrition of feed. Therefore, we received an additional 60,000 MJ of pure lactation energy and 1,320,000 MJ of exchange energy, as well as 25,000 kg of crude protein. The analysis did not take into account the fact that these nutrients resulted in an additional amount of animal production and therefore an additional profit. Analyzing the costs above, it should be noted that by reducing feed losses and better feed preservation, without considering the loss of energy nutrition, the technology of harvesting into polymer sleeves is economically feasible.

POTENSI IKAN Osteochilus hasselti SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU LOKAL UNTUK PAKAN DALAM KEGIATAN BUDIDAYA IKAN DI DANAU RANO

Lake Rano has abundant water resources, one of which is Nilem fish (Osteochilus hasselti). However, the abundance of Nilem (O. hasselti) has not been appropriately utilized and has become a pest in the local community's fishery activities. This study aimed to examine the potential of Nilem (O. hasselti) in terms of nutrient content as a local raw material in making the fish feed to support fish farming activities in Lake Rano. The method in conducting the research was initiated by taking samples of Nilem fish directly from the waters of Lake Rano, then drying the whole fish (without cleaning), and mashing it. Furthermore, testing the nutrient content of fish meal as a test sample. The analysis showed that the whole Nilem fish meal had a protein content of 39.62%, a fat content of 1.4%, a carbohydrate content of 31.7%, an ash content of 17.9%, and a moisture content of 9.38%. It can be concluded that Nilem fish (O. hasselti) has the potential to be used as a substitute for the primary raw material as a source of animal protein for making fish feed, especially in Lake Rano.

Sheaths of Zostera marina L. as ecological indicators of shoot length and the elemental stoichiometry of aboveground tissues

Given a large quantity of epiphytes and other material attached on eelgrass leaf blades, we explored the relationship between eelgrass sheaths and different-aged leaf blades (1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th leaf blade) on nutrient content and their ratios (C, N, P, C/N, C/P, and N/P) to identify whether eelgrass sheaths could be used to instead of leaf blades in terms of nutrient content. In addition, we explored the relationship between eelgrass sheath length and shoot length. Results showed that there were significant relationships between the sheath and leaf blades in terms of N and P content and their ratios. For length analysis, there was a significant relationship between sheath length and shoot length, and shoot length was approximately four to five times (mean 4.4659) longer than sheath length, such that shoot length can be estimated by sheath length. These significant relationships suggest that eelgrass sheath could be used as a suitable predictor of leaf blade in length and nutrient stoichiometry, thus eelgrass sheath could be used as an indicator for further eelgrass nutrient monitoring and research.

ОЦЕНКА ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННО ЦЕННЫХ ПРИЗНАКОВ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫХ СОРТОВ ЛЮЦЕРНЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПРЕДГОРНОЙ ЗОНЫ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО КАВКАЗА

Among perennial leguminous grasses, the leading place is occupied by alfalfa, which has valuable biological characteristics and economically useful traits, which have great potential and prospects for use. Alfalfa is grown in more than 80 countries of the world on an area of over 35 million hectares, in various climatic and ecological conditions and on a variety of soils. Alfalfa increases soil fertility as a result of nitrogen accumulation. Alfalfa provides high-protein feed, carbohydrates, mineral salts, including trace elements, in terms of nutrient content. Alfalfa, like other perennial legumes, is used for hay, grass flour, and green mass. Alfalfa contains a lot of lysine, and in terms of the content of essential amino acids, it surpasses corn, sorghum, soybeans, barley and a number of other crops. In recent years, the acreage of alfalfa has been expanding, the demand for seeds is increasing, but their production remains at a low level. The aim of the study is to study various varieties of alfalfa, in order to create varieties that are resistant to biotic and abiotic to stress environmental factors for cultivation in the North Caucasus. According to research, it was established that Sinegibridnaya and Kizlyarskaya alfalfa varieties surpassed other varieties by 4-6% in terms of height and green mass. The higher productivity among the tested alfalfa varieties was possessed by the Kizlyarskaya variety, in which the yield indicators were most successfully combined with height and green mass.

Impact of New Micro Carbon Technology Based Fertilizers on Growth, Nutrient Efficiency and Root Cell Morphology of Capsicum annuum L.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of new Micro Carbon Technology (MCT®) fertilizers based on humic acids biologically digested on the growth and development of pepper plants. In this work, the biostimulant effect of MCT® fertilizers was compared to conventional mineral fertilizers. In order to evaluate MCT® fertilizers, a previous chemical characterization (infrared spectroscopy, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry) of seven MCT® fertilizers was performed. Two fertilization tests of pepper plants were carried out in hydroponic conditions, where the fertilization and the age of the plants were studied in order to evaluate the specific effects on roots and leaves. Plant weight and foliar analysis (chlorophyll indices and nutrients) have been determined. Transmission electron microscopy was used to visualize the morphological differences in the root and leaf cells. Comparison between conventional and MCT® based fertilizers showed that, with the MCT® fertilizers, the plant is exposed to the presence of free amino acids (Glycine and Alanine), polyphenols and humic substances. Although no significant differences were found in plant mass production, the plants fertilized with MCT® products presented better nutritional status than plants treated with conventional fertilization in terms of nutrient content in leaves. Important morphological differences in root cells were found. A large central vacuole that represented the 68–83% of the total root cell area was shown if the MCT® products were used, suggesting significant changes of membrane permeability in terms of water adsorption and consequently nutrient storage. The morphological differences observed in the root cells were more noticeable in adult plants.