Terms Of Equality Research Articles

Gender Equality For The Growth And Development Of The State Of Tamaulipas

The research is focused on identifying the discrimination that women have been subjected to in terms of employment, identifying gaps and gender equality regarding differences in salaries, difficulties in accessing formal employment, conciliation of work and family life, all this from the perspective of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 5 and its goal 5.5, for which a qualitative methodology was used.
 In Mexico, there is a great disparity in workplace violence experienced by women between states, which ranges between 17.1% and 37.8%, despite the fact that several actions and regulations have been implemented, such as 035 (NOM-035) on factors of psychosocial risk at work with the aim of promoting favorable work environments and eliminating workplace violence, 73% of women do not know of the existence of any protocol for this in their workplace.
 However, there are generational changes in the opinion of feminine and masculine roles. A smaller proportion of women in the younger generations tend to consider that the responsibility for the economic support of the home should fall to the man, as well as that women and men should be responsible for household chores.
 Gender discrimination at work hinders the professional growth of women, as it can increase absenteeism, loss of opportunities and exit from the labor market, resulting in the informal economy continuing to increase.

Both de-growth and a-growth to achieve strong and weak sustainability: a theoretical model, empirical results, and some ethical insights

This study conceptually characterizes and theoretically represents the four main sustainability paradigms (strong sustainability, weak sustainability, de-growth, and a-growth) in terms of equality and inequality. It then applies these conditions to developed and less-developed countries (OECD and non-OECD countries) and empirically shows that the change in production technology (∆θ) required by a-growth is impossible and the change in consumption preferences (∆α) required by de-growth is unfeasible. Finally, it combines a-growth and de-growth in a theoretical solution for the relationship between ∆α and ∆θ that meets the conditions required by both strong and weak sustainability (parameters are the world’s population, consumption preferences, and production technologies or concerns for nature and future generations in developed and less-developed countries) and empirically demonstrates that this solution is feasible. In particular, sustainability turns out to be an ethical issue more than a technological issue, and the ethical concern for nature turns out to be more favorable than the ethical concern for future generations. Ethical assumptions and implications of the four main sustainability paradigms are highlighted and ethical assumptions and implications of the combined theoretical model are discussed. In particular, intergenerational efficiency is achieved in terms of welfare, and intergenerational equity is achieved in terms of environmental status.

OpenMind Handbook. A System of Design Tools and Processes to Empower Democracy Culture in Primary Schools

In this historical moment, the controversial reorganisation of the Italian education system is raising the necessity to reflect on the responsibility of education in defining more resilient societies. Primary schools are the first place where children can actively experience the dynamics of democratic coexistence, developing their relationship with society through a process of long-term encounters. Nowadays, students not only need to acquire basic skills but, above all, to address emerging social issues through education in terms of democratic culture, equality, sharing and collaboration. The research investigated how Service Design can activate participatory processes that can foster the co-creation of educational experiences aimed at raising awareness of social coexistence and democratic participation. OpenMind Handbook is a project that facilitates the implementation of new educational experiences and increases social relationships, enabling the involvement of the educational community within a long-term action process.

Implementation Performances of Green Open Space Policy in Makassar City, Indonesia

Makassar as one of Indonesia's largest cities, has seen a variety of environmental repercussions as a result of its rapid urbanization and population increase. The management of green open space is part of the city government's objective for a sustainable city vision. The policy implementation was delayed, according to an earlier study, by issues of facilities, infrastructure, and budgeting. It is necessary to do additional studies using different methods to measure implementation performance more precisely. Within three months, primary and secondary data were collected for a mixed methodology approach that focused on the administrative and technological viability of a policy while employing effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, and equality as research criteria. The percentage had increased to 3.52% during the last two years as a result of the budget increase, and there were now seven different types of GOS totaling 1,461 hectares located unevenly among 14 districts, where the distribution priority was not primarily based on population density as the main indicator. Performance throughout implementation was efficient and effective. Law, regulation, and guidelines that were thorough and clear, the involvement of the private sector, good coordination of implementer agencies, collaborative deliberation, the use of integrated licensing technology, and corporate social responsibility were noteworthy factors supporting performance. The performance in terms of adequacy and equality required additional improvement, necessitating more focus on low responsiveness, low budgeting, bad facilities, accuracy in prioritizing distribution, land conversion, and land price.

Rocking the Boat of Hope, or tipping it over?

SARS-CoV-2 has had a major impact on global humanity and is still a reality that we live with. While there are rays of hope that things may return to a new normal with less restrictions and a better understanding of the coronavirus (albeit still limited) and how to prepare for any new mutations or strains of the virus, or infectious waves due to new mutations, the pandemic has also brought several underlying issues to the fore. One of these is gender equality, with women in many instances being hit the hardest by some of the challenges brought about by Covid-19, such as the closing of schools and resulting childcare. In this article we will examine the vulnerability of women and girls before and during a global pandemic, including a theological perspective on the notions of vulnerability, dependence and relationality in this regard. The question we seek to address is whether the little boat carrying the hope for change in terms of gender equality has been only rocked, or whether it has been completely tipped over? We conclude with a theological reflection on hope as one of the pillars on which to build human life.

The gender composition of the members of the editorial board of toxicology journals: Assessment of gender equality.

In many areas of medicine, gender equality has not yet been fully adopted despite recent developments. The inequality of gender in various areas of medicine is still debated. In this study, we analysed the gender composition of the editorial boards of toxicology journals in the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) databases and the factors affecting this composition. The genders of the participants were determined by the data obtained from the official websites of the journals in September 2023. We analysed the journal metrics and publisher properties using Mann-Whitney U, Fisher's exact, Chi-square tests and Spearman's correlation coefficient. We used logistic regression analysis to reveal the independent factors related to gender parity. The representation rates of women were 28.62% on all editorial boards and 23.33% in editor-in-chief positions. The 'Neuroscience' (OR, 2.46 95%CI, 1.68-3.60, p< 0.001), 'Reproductive Biology'(OR, 2.05 95%CI, 1.22-3.42, p= 0.006) and 'Public, Environmental & Occupational Health'(OR, 1.49 95%CI, 1.18-1.88, p= 0.001) as a coverage category, the United States as a journal country (OR, 1.21, 95%CI, 1.04-1.40, p= 0.001), 5-year-IF≥3.6(OR, 1.54, 95%CI, 1.27-1.86, p< 0.001), 5-year H index≥29 (OR, 1.23, 95%CI, 1.01-1.49, p= 0.037) were the independent factors for gender parity. However, 'Oncology' (OR, 0.08 95%CI, 0.01-0.55, p= 0.011), 'Biochemistry, Molecular Biology' (OR, 0.62 95%CI, 0.44-0.86, p= 0.005) and 'Pharmacology & Pharmacy' (OR, 0.69 95%CI, 0.59-0.82, p< 0.001) as a coverage category, Japan as a publisher country (OR, 0.52 95%CI, 0.35-0.77, p= 0.001), and Switzerland as a journal country (OR, 0.61, 95%CI, 0.46-0.81, p= 0.001) were related to gender disparity. Greater endeavours are needed to reduce gender discrimination in toxicology. Toxicology authorities should continuously improve existing policies by optimising the analysis of objective information to eliminate barriers for toxicologists in terms of gender equality.

Efficiency and equality of the multimodal travel between public transit and bike-sharing accounting for multiscale

As a supplement to the existing public transit system, bike-sharing is considered an effective solution to the “first mile” and “last mile” of travel. While many stakeholders believe that multimodal travel between public transit and bike-sharing can improve urban accessibility and sustainability, few studies have assessed the impact of bike-sharing on existing public transportation systems in terms of efficiency and equality. This research uses three months of mobile phone location data and about 140 million bike-sharing trips (origin–destination, OD) data from Shenzhen, China, to analyze first mile and last mile bike-sharing multimodal travel and measure the impact of bike-sharing on the existing public transportation system in terms of efficiency and equality at different scales. The research finds that bike-sharing is less effective in improving the operational efficiency of urban public transport and creates new inequalities at both global and local scales of the urban public transport system. Bike-sharing is only effective in tiny areas of the city and specific modes (subway-bike-sharing) and does not benefit groups with low socioeconomic levels and those living in edge areas of the city. Improving the equity and accessibility of public transportation is a key factor towards promoting sustainable urban development, and the analysis of this study on multimodal travel efficiency and inequality of bike-sharing can provide helpful insights for future sustainable urban planning.

The Changing Faces of Leadership in Surgery: Study on Presidents of Major Surgical Organizations

IntroductionTo gain an understanding of the changing faces of leadership in surgery, we examined trends in the demographics, additional degrees pursued, and scientific publication characteristics of the past presidents of three major surgery organizations. MethodsWe queried the BoardCertifiedDocs and Web of Science databases for the demographics, as well as the quantity and quality of publications, of the past presidents of the Association for Academic Surgery, Society of University Surgeons, and American College of Surgeons from 1970 to 2020. Data were analyzed by decade to identify any trends. ResultsWe identified a total of 140 presidents from the organizations. The proportion of female presidents significantly increased from the 1990s to the 2010s (10% versus 33%, P < 0.05). The percentage of non-White presidents increased from the 1970s to the 2010s (3.33% versus 21.2%, P = 0.024). The percentage of presidents with additional degrees also increased from the 1970s to the 2010s (10.0% versus 48.8%, P = 0.039). During this same time period, the most common area of expertise of presidents shifted from cardiothoracic surgery to surgical oncology. The ratio of presidents’ postinduction to preinduction publications was significantly increased among all three organizations in the 2010s compared to the 1970s (P < 0.05). Co-cluster analysis revealed a research topic change from the 1970s to the 2010s. ConclusionsThe faces of surgical leadership have changed in terms of gender equality, racial diversity, surgical subspecialty, and additional degrees held. Such a transformation mirrors evolving diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives, and it further highlights the adaptability of surgical leadership to the ever-changing landscape of surgery.

Reflection of Gender Equality in Enterprises Taking Lenovo as an Example

Environmental, Social, and Governance model has gradually become an important element that cannot be ignored in the process of enterprise development. Lenovo has been selected into the Bloomberg Gender Equality Index for many years in a row, and through the release of the industrys annual Global Diversity and Inclusion Report, it discloses various equal rights including gender equality. In terms of gender equality, Lenovo has created an open and diverse work culture for employees, and has become the strongest driving force behind Lenovos 35-year history as a leader and enabler of intelligent transformation.This article takes Lenovo as a case study object, discusses the combination of corporate law and feminism in Environmental, Social, and Governance model, the role of Environmental, Social, and Governance model rating in promoting gender equality of Lenovo employees and its impact on corporate value, and finally summarizes how Environmental, Social, and Governance model rating can be reformed to make it better grounded in feminist conclusions. This article uses literature reviews and questionnaire surveys as research methods.As a conclusion for this article, the application of Environmental, Social, and Governance model ratings and feminism in corporate law can promote gender equality among Lenovo employees, pave the way for an inclusive corporate economy and specific equality, and promote corporate value.

Sowing the Seeds of Commons in Education: Three Case Studies from the Horizon Project 2020 SMOOTH

This paper explores how educational commons, in which education and learning are shaped by the members of the educational community in terms of equality, freedom, and creative participation, contribute to addressing inequalities, empowering democracy, and enhancing inclusion. The discussion focuses on the crucial debate around public formal education and the potential for radical democratisation it offers through three case studies carried out in formal and non-formal educational settings in Thessaloniki, Greece. The research was conducted in three different types of education centres: a public kindergarten, a self-organised autonomous libertarian educational community, and an after-school programme of a primary school where Workshops for Nurturing and Developing Environmental Resilience (WONDER) were implemented by the environmental organisation Mamagea. Through patterns of commoning practices, like peer governance, co-creation of knowledge, and peer learning, the case studies aimed to establish the prerequisites for the co-creation of a community that offers pupils and students, teachers, and educators the chance for self-formation and equal participation. The article makes the case that educational hierarchies and governance models can be reconfigured in order to incorporate the democratic values of solidarity, equality, self-organisation, and self-formation even in structures that are still tailored to formal schooling. The article argues that educational commons can make a decisive contribution to tackling inequalities, and the commons logic can grow effectively in school education under specific conditions. The pedagogical practice is shifted in educational commons in ways that balance out contemporary enclosures based on several inequalities.

Dyadic Relationship Komunikasi Keluarga pada Pernikahan Masyarakat Patriarki

Communication in a relationship is an important part of building communication between partners and family members. Patriarchal society is an inseparable part of our culture. This culture is deeplyingrained in the social order, to the point that it colors the communication of marital relations, including husband and wife communication, parenting, division of domestic tasks, dominance and power. This study conducts a discourse on the theory of power relations communication by Norah Dubran, this study uses a literature review between dyadic relationship theory in terms of domination and equality with the social order of patriarchal society, to find the relevance of this dyadic theory to the conditions of married couples in a patriarchal society. As well as providing idealrelationship advice in marriage communication.

Aplikasi Pembelajaran Kosa Kata Untuk Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Tunarungu Menggunakan Metode Algoritma Fisher-Yates

Deafness is a type of special need that is of concern to the government in terms of equality in obtaining education as stated in Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 of 2003 concerning National Education Chapter IV Article 5 paragraph (1) states that "Every citizen has the same right to obtain quality education" and paragraph (2) "Citizens who have physical, emotional, mental, intellectual and /or social rights to obtain special education”. The problem faced by deaf student is the difficulty of capturing the information conveyed by the teacher during the learning process. These limitations make it difficult for deaf children to master good and correct vocabulary. The aim of this research is to help student with special needs learn vocabulary through learning media.&#x0D; With this application, it is hoped that it can meet the vocabulary learning needs, especially for Deaf SMPLB students at SLB Karya Mandiri Kijang.

How Do Pre-Service Primary School Teachers Evaluate Gender Equality in Primary School Science Textbooks?

Textbooks play a key role in shaping students' images of society and its actors. Based on the importance of this active role, in this study, third and fourth grade primary school science textbooks were examined in terms of gender equality by female pre-service primary school teachers who will become the practitioners using these textbooks. Thus, this research aims at revealing the experiences of pre-service primary school teachers based on their examination of primary school science textbooks and the evaluations used in their textbook reviews. The research was conducted using a phenomenology research design in the context of a qualitative method. Ten female pre-service primary school teachers participated in the study, which lasted seven weeks, and the data were collected through a textbook review report and a semi-structured interview form. A content analysis method was used to assess the data. The results of the study were discussed within the framework of five main themes: gender distribution, gender roles and stereotypes, the role of the teacher, the role of the textbooks, and science textbook evaluation tendencies. Suggestions were made based on these reviews.

Concept and content of gender equality: legal aspect

The article studies the concept, essence, and content of gender equality as a legal category. Examples of definitions regarding the understanding of gender equality are provided. It was determined that Ukraine shares the gender principles regarding the establishment of equal rights and opportunities for women and men, declared in international documents. Today, gender equality is considered the main value of the third millennium, along with other values, such as justice, tolerance and freedom. A democratic society must provide equal opportunities for men and women to participate in all spheres of life. Therefore, it is imperative that gender discrimination be eliminated at the state level. It is recognized that effective regulation of gender relations is crucial for promoting gender equality, preventing gender discrimination, and ensuring equal participation of both genders in socially important decisions. This regulation also ensures equal opportunities for men and women in their professional duties and responsibilities. Today, gender equality is a crucial factor in a country’s development, and in the era of globalization, every society must address the issue of gender inequality.It has been established that gender equality is a fundamental component of the general principle of equality. This means that every individual should be treated equally, regardless of their gender. Gender equality, as a legal concept, encompasses the equal rights and opportunities for individuals of all genders, providing the same conditions for the realization of their potential, and affirming the fundamental rights of both women and men. It is emphasized that Ukraine has made some positive changes in terms of gender equality at a legislative level. However, there has been no significant progress in implementation, which has resulted in Ukraine receiving low international ratings regarding gender equality.

Feminist initiatives in the SWANA region: fighting the patriarchal education with feminist knowledge

ABSTRACT This research analyses the way in which the majority of the formal school education system in the SWANA region reproduces and reinforces gender stereotypes. Through a discussion of the idea of feminist pedagogy and comparing it to classroom practices in predominant public education, it becomes clear that feminist pedagogy is almost absent from schools in most countries of the region. I interviewed ten women who received their school education within different countries of the region, and employ their lived experiences as a primary source of data to support the argument of this research. It is essential to highlight that said formal education systems are beginning to change in some countries of the region, for instance, the Moroccan education system has introduced a gender equality curriculum. However, there is currently no published research on the implementation methods and viability of such initiatives. Finally, this research displays a few feminist platforms and podcasts that aim to spread feminist knowledge to fill in the gap created by formal education in terms of gender equality.

Komunikasi Interpersonal Mahasiswa Laki-Laki Kepada Orang Tua Di Stisip Widyapuri Mandiri Sukabumi

This study describes the lack of communication between children and parents based on the results of a survey of male students at STISIP Widyapuri Mandiri Sukabumi. The purpose of this study was to identify aspects of Interpersonal Communication related to the relationship between boys and parents, focusing on openness, empathy, supportive attitude, positive attitude, and equality. A qualitative approach with phenomenological method was used, involving 6 informants: 4 male students from different study programs and 2 parents. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and recordings, and validated using triangulation. The results show that Interpersonal Communication between boys and parents is not optimal, especially in terms of openness and equality. However, empathy and positive attitudes in Interpersonal Communication are still maintained. This study illustrates that although some aspects of communication need improvement, there are positive elements in the interaction between boys and parents in STISIP Widyapuri Mandiri Sukabumi.

Impact of a COVID-19 certificate requirement on vaccine uptake pattern and intention for future vaccination. A cross-sectional study among French adults

BackgroundIn August 2021, France enacted a COVID-19 certificate requirement (vaccination/recovery/test) to access specific services, with mandates for professional groups. We evaluated the impact of this incentive-coercive policy in terms of vaccine uptake equality, future vaccine intention and confidence in authorities’ crisis management. MethodsIn late August 2021, a representative sample of adults (18–75 years) completed an internet-based questionnaire. We classified vaccinated participants by stated reasons for vaccination and estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) using multivariable Poisson regression. Counterfactual vaccine status assumed non-vaccination of those vaccinated for the certificate. We analysed the association of free-text testimonial themes with level of confidence in authorities. ResultsAmong 972 participants, 85.7% were vaccinated or intended vaccination: 3.6% only for certificate/mandate, 17.7% mainly for certificate/mandate plus other reasons, and 64.4% mainly for other reasons. In the counterfactual situation, vaccine uptake would have been significantly more likely among older vs. younger participants (aPR = 1.35) and among those with moderate-high vs. low levels of confidence in authorities for COVID-19 crisis management (aPR = 2.04). In the observed situation, confidence was the only significant determinant of vaccine status (moderate-high vs. low, aPR = 1.39). Among those without genuine motivation for vaccination, professionally active persons were more likely to have ceded to the certificate requirement (aPR = 3.76). Those vaccinated only for the certificate were more likely to express future COVID-19 vaccine intention than unvaccinated persons (aPR = 6.41). Themes significantly associated with lower confidence were criticism of morality (aPR = 1.76) and poor communication by the authorities (aPR = 1.66). ConclusionThe incentive-coercive policy has reduced the negative association of vaccine status with younger age and low confidence in authorities, but may have reinforced isolation of professionally inactive persons. The requirement did not negatively impact future COVID-19 vaccine intention. Future vaccine-incentive policies should pay special attention to populations with low levels of confidence in authorities.

What Is the Point of Nondomination?

This paper examines the following distinctive republican claims: (1) goodwill and virtuous self-restraint are insufficient to realize freedom; and (2) suitable law is constitutive of freedom. In the contemporary literature, these claims are commonly defended in connection with the conception of freedom as nondomination. This account, however, is often rejected on the grounds that freedom as nondomination is moralized and impossible to realize. In response, I propose that the point of protecting people from domination is better understood not as realizing freedom, but instead as giving persons a civic status as equals. Giving persons a civic status as equals, I claim, realizes an important form of social or 'relational' equality, and I distinguish this aim from giving persons a 'status as nondominated’, as some republicans require. I argue that this account vindicates alternative claims about the insufficiency of goodwill and constitutive importance of suitable law—understood in terms of equality rather than freedom—while avoiding the moralization and impossibility objections. I conclude by suggesting some further advantages of the proposed account versus the standard republican view.

NEP 2020 - Opportunities and Challenges

One of the primary human life processes is education. In a biological sense, life depends on these essential important activities. Decent living is dependent on education. Without it, the person would not be able to live a meaningful life and would not be necessary to others. People get respect and acclaim with their educational background. The achievement of one's full potential, the creation of a fair and just society, and the promotion of national growth are all impacted by it, making it crucial for both social and personal lives. Indian leadership on the international arena in terms of social justice economic development, equality, and national cohesion is due to the country's ongoing rise in offering global access to better education quality. The “National Education Policy” (NEP), 2020 is GoI’s first education policy for the 21st century

Understanding Global Shifts, Social Welfare, and Development—Unevenness in a Globalized World

Social and economic inequalities are both significant and important issues in the study of globalization, while global forces have widened their consequences such as unleashing poverty and gender imbalances in terms of equality. The reasons lie in the reformulation of economic power associated with burgeoning free-market economies and accompanying diffusion of instrumental rationality, commoditization, and secularism. In contrast to the economic downturn and global softening of labor markets, which call for greater social protection, the welfare state has been replaced by a “non-sovereign power” wary of its global positioning but less powerful in shaping daily lives of its populace among social forces including the role of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). However, nation-states still serve important functions in a globe dominated by transnational corporate interests. With few options and having to make controversial choices, welfare provision has seen trends towards the commodification of social welfare whilst globalization is affecting social contracts across nation-states. This paper critically engages in these challenges to governance and development, and assesses how social welfare has been redefined and extended while many populations become embedded in greater forms of poverty creating unevenness across nation-states.